Future Course Research Articles

Chakki Peesing: Crushing the Roadblocks, Marching Ahead

The case is highlighting the journey of Mr Rajiv Khera from a seasoned corporate professional to be an Entrepreneur in Gurgaon Region. Rajeev started Chakki Peesing, an urban floor and spices mill in 2020 during the covid 19 Lockdown. Within 6 months of operations, Chakki Peesing has served over 8000 orders with 2000 unique customers, which according to Rajeev is a significant achievement as he is close to his business projections. Rajeev firmly believed that his business model would work in the B2C segment only as the B2B market is very much price sensitive. However, he was open to the idea of getting into strategic collaborations with gymnasiums and health clubs to promote and sell products. One of the competitive advantages of Chakki Peesing was the access to good quality wheat from Madhya Pradesh along with Rajeev’s on experience in sales and distribution. The initial success of Chakki Peesing can also be attributed to the strong network, which Rajeev and his family had with the upper middle class society of Gurgaon, and to the increased awareness among people for having a healthy lifestyle. The case talks about the business development strategy adopted by Rajeev and his son Dhruv who is also the co-founder of the company and proposed various alternative solutions for future course of action pertaining to business expansion.

MPharm students’ views and experiences of the teaching of pharmaceutical calculations and their importance in pharmacy practice

Abstract Introduction Accurately undertaking pharmaceutical calculations is an important professional skill as part of a pharmacist’s role ensuring patient safety1. Effective teaching in this area supports safe, high-quality care from future pharmacists. In the United Kingdom, the need to accurately perform calculations is stipulated in the General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) standards for initial education and training of pharmacists2. During a review of teaching in this area, the views and experiences of pharmacy students were sought, in order to inform course design. Aim This project aimed to explore undergraduate MPharm students’ views regarding the importance of pharmaceutical calculations to their future careers, experiences of current calculations teaching, and opinions on improving course design. Methods A questionnaire was developed and distributed to Years 1-4 pharmacy students (n=524) at the School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast (QUB), in December 2023. The questionnaire consisted of 45 questions, collecting demographic information, as well as students’ views and experiences of pharmaceutical calculations, various teaching methods, and student confidence with calculations. Data was transcribed into Microsoft Excel, followed by analysis using descriptive statistics in IBM SPSS. Ethical approval was received from the QUB Faculty of Medicine, Health & Life Sciences Research Ethics Committee (MHLS23_159). Results A total of 271 students responded to the questionnaire, providing a response rate of 52%. Students felt that being able to perform calculations is important to their future career, with 97% of respondents agreeing or strongly agreeing with this statement. Hospital pharmacy was considered the sector where calculations were most important (96% agree/ strongly agree). Overall, 75% of respondents agreed/ strongly agreed that they were confident in undertaking pharmaceutical calculations. Students felt most competent using provided formula, and with dose and dosage regimen calculations. Conversely, students felt least competent performing displacement value and dilutions questions. With respect to teaching design, students preferred blended-learning to self-directed study or traditional lectures. Eighty-seven percent of respondents reported blended-learning as beneficial/ very beneficial, compared to 57% and 46% for the other approaches. Students reported formative quizzes as the most beneficial activity for learning (92% beneficial/ very beneficial). This was followed by provision of worked examples, with a preference for handwritten solutions. Recommended textbooks and online discussion boards were considered least beneficial. Having dedicated introductory calculations teaching in Year 1, with repeated opportunities for practice and support in subsequent years had the most support for improving teaching, with 87% stating this would be beneficial/ very beneficial. There was also support for the NUMBAS3 e-assessment system for formative examples, along with video or pencasted worked examples, with 80% and 70% of respondents respectively classing these as beneficial/ very beneficial. Discussion / Conclusion QUB MPharm students appreciate the importance of pharmaceutical calculations to their future careers. They prefer a blended-learning approach to teaching, incorporating formative quizzes and worked examples. Dedicated Year 1 teaching, the use of NUMBAS, and pencasting were identified as methods to improve teaching. These findings will aid future course design, with the aim of improving patient safety relating to pharmaceutical calculations.

Environmental concerns and their impact on inbound tourism revenue: does the growth rate of the nation’s matter?

PurposeEnvironmental concerns are gaining traction with every passing day. Moreover, post Covid 19, similar to many sectors, the tourism sector is also trying to revive itself. Theoretically, the environment and tourism complement each other. However, empirical vetting is not adequate. This study is motivated to determine how the environment impacts tourism. In addition, the moderating influence of the growth rate of the nations on the impact of the nations on tourism is also investigated.Design/methodology/approachWe have gathered clear and balanced panel data on tourism and the environment for 106 nations for 10 years. The difficulty in measuring environment status is managed by estimating environment efficiency using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA).FindingsSurprisingly, we find a significant impact of environmental efficiency on inbound tourism across the nations used in the study. Such findings are rarely observed in the earlier studies as very less studies look for the association of environmental efficiency with tourism. However, the findings are supportive of the principles of the Faro convention and ICOMOS (“International Council on Monuments and Sites”) charter to promote environmental quality for tourism attraction. The current research findings can change the future course of action regarding the environment for tourism. The findings of the study establish financial materiality for the tourism sector. These findings give a boost to the theory of sustainable tourism.Research limitations/implicationsThe study’s inconsistent outcome (as the literature finds significant association) regarding the insignificant influence of GDP growth rate is a limitation of the study. The insignificant association needs to be further investigated. This limitation can be a future scope on the topic.Originality/valueThe authors do not find many studies on the environment’s impact on inbound tourism. In addition, a few studies on the topic, which exist provide contradictory outcomes. Above all, the literature does not observe the moderation of the GDP growth rate on the environment’s impact on inbound tourism. This lack of studies in literature, to the best of our knowledge, is the unique contribution of the current study.

Antecedents and consequences of academic help-seeking in online STEM learning

IntroductionCollege students often encounter challenges or ambiguity in online learning, which they cannot overcome independently, and therefore, require help. However, relatively little is known about how academic help-seeking can be supported in online contexts and about its potential benefits. The present study investigated the role of academic help-seeking in online STEM learning and its contextual antecedents.MethodsA total of 213 college students, enrolled in an introductory Engineering course, completed an online survey. Their survey responses and academic record data were analyzed.ResultsResults of path analysis indicated that adaptive help-seeking was positively related to retention intention, whereas expedient help-seeking was negatively related to the choice of future courses. In addition, avoidant help-seeking was negatively related to retention intention and major declaration status and positively to disorganized studying. Results also showed that sense of belonging and environmental fixed mindset served as significant predictors of academic help-seeking.DiscussionFindings indicate that academic help-seeking is related to successful online STEM learning. Therefore, fostering online learning contexts in which students perceive more sense of belonging and less environmental fixed mindset is crucial.

Practical Research on Integrating Folk Art into Public Art Education Courses

This study focuses on the feasibility and practical strategies for integrating folk art into public art education courses. By exploring the cultural heritage and educational value of folk art, it analyzes the current shortcomings in public art education and underscores the necessity of incorporating folk art into the curriculum. The study designs suitable content and methods, including traditional art optimization and diverse resource applications, to strengthen students' cultural identity and aesthetic development. Additionally, case studies demonstrate the tangible effects of integrating folk art into public art education, with results indicating a significant improvement in students’ understanding and appreciation of local art. This research provides new insights for future public art course designs and proposes expanding folk art education with technological support.

Predicting Academic Future Courses for Students Using Machine Learning

Predicting Academic Future Courses for Students Using Machine Learning

Engaging Youth with the Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility Framework: Sport Psychology Graduate Students’ Experience in a Service-Learning Course

Purpose: Grounded in the framework of Hellison’s (2011) Teaching Personal and Social Responsibility model, this study sought to understand how graduate students learned to facilitate a youth physical activity program while participating in a service-learning course designed to promote sport for development. Methods: This study utilized a thematic narrative analysis approach. Researchers interviewed one cohort of Master’s students (n=5) studying counseling and sport psychology who participated in the service-learning course. Results: Identified themes included: (1) supervision and consultation, (2) observation, and (3) self-reflection, along with emergent sub-themes when relevant. Conclusions: This research provides insight into how future service-learning courses in the field of counseling and sport psychology can be developed to facilitate graduate student learning through a culturally conscious lens. Applications in Sport: This information can be valuable for sport psychologists, sport social workers, mental performance consultants, physical education teachers, and coach educators when considering how to promote the development of future practitioners.

Energizing innovation: a bibliometric exploration of renewable energy entrepreneurship

Purpose This study aims to provide a thorough bibliometric analysis to illuminate the complex entrepreneurial environment in renewable energy. Design/methodology/approach The Biblioshiny package of the R programming language was considered for in-depth analysis of the papers. To determine the future course of research, the authors use SciVal data and prominence percentiles related to particular study areas. Findings The findings show a growing interest in renewable energy entrepreneurship, as seen by rising annual production and citation rates. By revealing the interconnection of themes throughout the subject, keyword co-occurrence patterns illustrate its interdisciplinary nature. Sustainable development goal alignment highlights the field’s critical role in tackling global sustainability issues. This analysis gives researchers, decision-makers and practitioners a framework for navigating the terrain of renewable energy entrepreneurship. Practical implications Practical advice for promoting innovation and sustainability in the renewable energy sector is provided through insights into interdisciplinary intersections and sustainability alignment. Originality/value This paper adds to the body of literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of renewable energy entrepreneurship and highlighting how it affects sustainability. Including SciVal data with prominence percentiles suggests future research avenues and highlights the field’s originality and importance.

A Blended Learning Course to Support Innovative Online Teaching in Higher Education

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the challenge of improving the effectiveness and innovativeness of online teaching in higher education. It presents a blended learning course designed for faculty development and discusses the findings of surveying the opinions of participants. The course integrates synchronous sessions with digital learning tools and platforms to equip educators with essential skills for online teaching. A mixed‐methods design has been applied for evaluating the educational activity, incorporating both qualitative and quantitative data collection. The course had a completion rate of 91.13%. The opinions of 72 higher education members have been surveyed, and the findings revealed that the blended learning course enhanced instructors' ability to design and deliver online content that is both pedagogically sound and engaging. The necessity for such learning activities is strongly emphasised. The paper concludes by discussing the implications for future course design and faculty development programs in higher education.

Spatiotemporal Change Analysis and Multi-Scenario Modeling of Ecosystem Service Values: A Case Study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration, China

Ecosystem service value (ESV) assessment is a crucial indicator of regional ecological quality and ecological management effectiveness. Ecosystem services (ES) provide the environmental foundation for human existence and social advancement. However, the future course of land use change (LUC) in urban agglomerations and its implications for human society remains uncertain, which presents a challenge to maintaining a balance between ecological service functions and regional socioeconomic growth. This paper took the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) urban agglomeration as an example and used the future land use simulation (FLUS) model to project the spatial distribution of land use under the natural development scenario (NDS), food security scenario (FSS), and ecological priority scenario (EPS) of BTH in 2030, 2040, and 2050. Next, the changes to ESV under various scenarios were investigated through the equivalent coefficient method. In order to make more targeted recommendations for regional development, the study also used hotspot analyses to explore the impacts of LUCs on ESV. The results showed that: (1) from 2000 to 2020, the LUC in the BTH was dramatic and mainly focused on the interconversions among the three land use categories of cropland, grassland, and built-up land. The total ESV demonstrated the tendency to decrease from CNY 386,859.89 × 106 in 2000 to CNY 371,968.78 × 106 in 2020. (2) Compared with 2020, the ESV in BTH in 2050 under the FSS loses 16,568.78 × 106 CNY, followed by the NDS (CNY 10,960.84 × 106), while the ESV under the EPS increases by CNY 9373.74 × 106. The results of the scenario simulation showed that there was significant variability in ESV under different political orientations. (3) Hotspot analysis indicated that the ESV changes were clustered in the northeastern part and the eastern coastal region of the BTH. On this basis, we identified Chengde, Beijing, Tianjin, and Zhangjiakou as the key cities to focus on and made meaningful suggestions for their future regional environmental protection and sustainable development. This research can serve as a guide in creating sustainable BTH development policies and offer fresh perspectives for investigating how land use patterns affect the ecological environment’s regional quality under various policy trajectories.

Redefining cardiovascular risk evaluation: employing the CaRi-Heart validated FAI-score in patients screened with SCORE2 and CAD-RADS 2.0 techniques

Abstract Background Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) has confirmed the fat attenuation index (FAI) as a trustworthy marker for coronary inflammation, notably in relation to plaque vulnerability and progression. The systematic coronary risk evaluation 2 (SCORE2) is a valuable instrument for forecasting the 10-year likelihood of initial cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurrence. This study aims to determine risk re-categorization using CaRi-Heart in comparison to SCORE2 and the coronary artery disease-reporting and data system (CAD-RADS 1.0/2.0). Methods We enrolled patients (INTEL-FAT study) undergoing CCT, who were aged 40-69 years and had no previous history of CVD or diabetes. SCORE2 classified very-high-risk regions as follows: low-moderate risk as <2.5% (<50 years) and <5% (50-69 years), high risk as 2.5 to <7.5% (<50 years) and 5 to <10% (50-69 years), and very-high risk as ≥7.5% (<50 years) and ≥10% (50-69 years). The CaRi-Heart risk assessment categorized low risk as FAI-score ≤75th percentile for the LAD or RCA and <95th percentile for the LCX; medium risk as falling between the 76th and 89th percentiles for LAD/RCA and ≥95th percentile for LCX; and high risk as ≥90th percentile for LAD/RCA. Results 203 patients were included, with a mean age of 58.7 ± 6.78; 143 (70.44%) were male. CaRi-Heart assessment redefined 71.13% (69/97) of individuals from high to low SCORE2 risk, and 40.0% (8/30) from low-moderate to high SCORE2 risk. The weighted Cohen's kappa analysis revealed minimal concordance between SCORE2 and CaRi-Heart (k=-0.043). 19.71% of patients categorized as CAD-RADS 1 in CCT were reassigned to high risk after CaRi-Heart evaluation, and 26.66% of those classified as CAD-RADS 4 were downgraded to low risk. Furthermore, of the CAD-RADS 1 P1/P2 group, 15.38% and of the P3/P4 group, 66.66% were upgraded to high risk. Conversely, 45.45% of CAD-RADS 4 P1/P2 and 15.78% of P3/P4 were reassigned to low CaRi-Heart risk. The Cohen's kappa analysis comparing CAD-RADS 1.0 and 2.0 with CaRi-Heart risk revealed a low concordance (k=0.067 and k=0.014). In comparing SCORE2 risk categories to CAD-RADS classifications, a significant association was found for low-moderate SCORE2 with CAD-RADS 2 (diagnostic odds ratio [DOR] of 11.26; 95% CI: 4.37-29.00; p<0.001), and for high SCORE2 with CAD-RADS 4 (DOR: 0.085; 95% CI: 0.036-0.20; p<0.001), indicating a strong predictive value of the SCORE2 system for certain CAD-RADS classifications. Conclusions The CaRi-Heart method significantly alters risk classifications in comparison to the SCORE2 risk assessment models or the anatomical CAD-RADS 1.0 and 2.0 diagnostic instruments. These results indicate the importance of integrating established scoring systems with additional markers, such as the FAI-score. This integration offers critical understanding into the severity and future course of CAD, assisting in risk stratification and informing therapeutic choices.SCORE2, CAD-RADS and CaRi-Heart risk.Interpretation of the CaRi-Heart® risk.

Using Podcasts to Facilitate Textbook Readings in a Medical-Surgical Nursing Course.

Undergraduate students need to possess the skills to read a nursing textbook critically. Professor-made guided reading podcasts were added to a junior-level first medical-surgical nursing course to develop textbook reading skills and focus on essential knowledge points for success. A total of 148 students were asked to complete a voluntary, anonymous, cross-sectional, descriptive survey about their use and perceptions of the podcasts, with 36.49% (n = 54) of students consenting to participate. Of the participants, 61.11% (n = 33) of students listened to all or most podcasts, and 78% (n = 39) of students agreed or strongly agreed that the podcasts were helpful to their learning. Implementing professor-made guided reading podcasts was a helpful educational innovation to assist nursing students in critically reading the textbook, which will be continued for future course iterations. [J Nurs Educ. 2024;63(X):XXX-XXX.].

Creating a Complete Online Environment for Ancient-Language Teaching

There are many reasons for creating online resources both to supplement in-person teaching and to lay the basis for a course taught entirely online. This paper aims to give an overview of the questions we ought to ask ourselves so that we can design exactly the resources or the course we need. Even an experienced classroom teacher may not be aware of all the elements that should be in place for an online and thus possibly more student-guided course to be successful. We thus begin by looking at very basic issues of learning space, time and patterns. Next, while ‘teaching a language’ or ‘knowing a language’ are precise-sounding aims, they unite a broad variety of activities and abilities. We thus suggest a series of questions that let instructors figure out what they mean by those terms, and then go through the various practical decisions that need to be made on that basis in order to set up exactly the course needed: we go through what course elements should be included, and the best ways of creating these given the academic services available electronically and online. Sometimes, more is better, but often, basic structures set up in a way possible even for time-strapped academics who are required to focus on publishing rather than teaching can go a long way. Finally, we introduce the examples of two complete online alt-ac set-ups (for both language and ‘content’ classes) as potential models for future courses.

간호대학생의 간호인계역량에 미치는 영향요인

Objectives This study attempted to investigate the factors affecting nursing students' nursing handover competence and to identify the relationship between clinical decision-making ability, clinical reasoning ability, and handover self-efficacy to serve as a basis for future handover education courses for nursing students. Methods This study is a descriptive survey study. 145 nursing students The data were collected from September 26, 2023 to October 13, 2023 from 145 nursing students at a university. The data were analyzed by frequency and percentage, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient using SPSS/WIN 28.0 program. Results Nursing handoff competency was positively correlated with clinical decision-making ability (r=.384, p=.000), clinical reasoning ability (r=.541, p=.000), and handoff self-efficacy (r=.656, p=.000). The most significant predictors of nursing handoff competence were handoff self-efficacy (β=0.422, p<.001), clinical reasoning ability (β=0.270, p<.001), Satisfaction with Academic Major (β=0.192, p=.019), grade ((β=-.13, p=.036), and Handover Fear (β=-0.224, p=.007), with an explanatory power of 49.0%. Conclusions The factors that affect nursing handover competency are cognitive processes, such as problem solving, communication, judgment, and perception, and efforts are needed to maintain the quality and continuity of care. Therefore, it is necessary to develop teaching methods and build systems to improve clinical decision-making, clinical reasoning, handover self-efficacy, and enhance nursing handover competency.

The Integration of Traditional Chinese Culture into the English Grammar Course in Regular Higher Education: A Practical Case Study

In the interconnected global society today, the significance of integrating traditional Chinese culture into English grammar education cannot be overstated, but it is often ignored in the practical teaching and theoretical research. Hence, this study aims to explore this integration in regular higher education to promote ideological and political education and their intercultural competence. Research questions include how traditional Chinese culture is practically integrated into the English grammar course in regular higher education and whether this integration is effectively achieved as well as what suggestions can be proposed for the future English grammar course and research. Considering this, a practical case study in the context of Xianda College of Economics and Humanities, Shanghai International Studies University in China is employed to address these questions. Twenty-nine first-year English majors, both females and males, voluntarily participate as research subjects. The specific research methods mainly involve a two-round questionnaire survey and a one-round interview. One of the conclusion is that traditional Chinese culture can be practically integrated into the English grammar course in regular education by the the strategy of “4-R”, namely “Revise Teaching Goals and Objectives, Refine Teaching Content, Revitalize Teaching Methods and Reform Teaching Evaluation”. This study focuses on adopting Chinese ancient poetry, Chinese opera, Chinese architecture, and Chinese festival customs as the main materials for traditional Chinese culture related to grammar points in this course. Moreover, based on the participants’ feedback from the second-round questionnaire survey and one-round interview, it is effectively carried out and attains the quality goals in the overall teaching syllabus to a large extent. Another conclusion is that some suggestions from students and the teacher are provided for the future English grammar course and relevant research.

Using Acanthamoeba spp. as a cell model to evaluate Leishmania infections.

Leishmaniasis represents a severe global health problem. In the last decades, there have been significant challenges in controlling this disease due to the unavailability of licensed vaccines, the high toxicity of the available drugs, and an unrestrained surge of drug-resistant parasites, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-Leishmania co-infections. Leishmania spp. preferentially invade macrophage lineage cells of vertebrates for replication after subverting cellular functions of humans and other mammals. These early events in host-parasite interactions are likely to influence the future course of the disease. Thus, there is a continuing need to discover a simple cellular model that reproduces the in vivo pathogenesis. Acanthamoeba spp. are non-mammalian phagocytic amoeba with remarkable similarity to the cellular and functional aspects of macrophages. We aimed to assess whether the similarity reported between macrophages and Acanthamoeba spp. is sufficient to reproduce the infectivity of Leishmania spp. Herein, we analyzed co-cultures of Acanthamoeba castellanii or Acanthamoeba polyphaga with Leishmania infantum, Leishmania amazonensis, Leishmania major, and Leishmania braziliensis. Light and fluorescence microscopy revealed that the flagellated promastigotes attach to the A. castellanii and/or A. polyphaga in a bipolar and or random manner, which initiates their uptake via pseudopods. Once inside the cells, the promastigotes undergo significant changes, which result in the obligatory amastigote-like intracellular form. There was a productive infection with a continuous increase in intracellular parasites. However, we frequently observed intracellular amastigotes in vacuoles, phagolysosomes, and the cytosol of Acanthamoeba spp. Our findings corroborate that Leishmania spp. infects Acanthamoeba spp. and replicates in them but does not cause their rapid degeneration or lysis. Overall, the evidence presented here confirms that Acanthamoeba spp. have all prerequisites and can help elucidate how Leishmania spp. infect mammalian cells. Future work exposing the mechanisms of these interactions should yield novel insights into how these pathogens exploit amoebae.

Development and Outlook for Self-priming Pumps

Background: Self-priming pumps are a type of general mechanical equipment that is widely used in the petroleum, chemical, electric power, metallurgy, mining, shipbuilding, light industry, agriculture, civil defense, and other departments, and they play an important role in the global economy. The pump system is the most common piece of equipment that consumes the most electricity, and reducing the energy consumption of the pump will save a significant amount of energy. Objective: For the benefit of scholars and engineers, this paper summarizes the most recent research on self-priming pumps, analyzes their solutions to the problem of reducing energy consumption, and discusses their advantages and disadvantages. Methods: The typical self-priming pump patents are outlined below based on the many functions of the improved self-priming pump structure, including pump body protection, high efficiency, and energy savings, ease of movement, and improved seal. The current self-priming pump patents are used to examine the development trend for these pumps. Results: The fundamental issues with self-priming pumps are outlined and studied through comparisons of various types and functions, and a future course for their development is suggested. Conclusion: The development of self-priming pump technology benefits from the improvement of self-priming pump structure. A self-priming pump with a straightforward design, automation, high efficiency, and energy conservation has a promising future.

Evaluation of lymph node ratios and log odds of positive nodes as prognostic indicators in primary organ malignancy

BackgroundStaging of malignant tumours based on positive lymph node number and not taking into account the actual number of examined lymph nodes during surgery may lead to bias and fallacious results. The ratio of positive and resected lymph nodes (LNR) and log odds of positive nodes (LODDS) emerged as novel prognostic markers in deciding the future course of management better than the parameter pN in predicting cancer-specific survival. We aim to evaluate and compare the prognostic value of pN, LNR and LODDS in common primary organ malignancies like breast, head and neck, gastric and cervical cancers. MethodsThis was an ambidirectional observational study conducted from September 2018 to August 2021 with one year (from 2017 to 2018) for retrospective data collection archived from records. It included patients affected by breast, head and neck, gastric and cervical cancers and were followed up for a period of 3 years from the date of diagnosis to perform a holistic survival analysis. The sample was grouped by American Joint Committee on Cancer N stage, LNR and LODDS, and analysed using Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. ResultsThe study included 202 breast cancer patients, 85 head and neck cancer patients, 100 gastric cancer patients and 52 cervical cancer patients. Multivariate Cox regressions analysis demonstrated a lower Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) value for LODDS and LNR followed by pN stage. ConclusionThe novel indicators LNR and LODDS better predicted the biological behaviour irrespective of lymph node number and allowed clinicians to correctly stratify patients for better postoperative management.

KEY DRIVERS AND CHALLENGES FOR THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE BANKING APPLICATION

There has been huge development seen in Mobile Banking application over the few years in India. For faster and more efficient transactions, buyers are switching to Mobile Commerce. Mobile Trade is in huge demand as it is easily incorporating in this innovative market .When we talk about cell phones these days; they are not utilized for sending or receiving messages. It has become as source of exchange and online trading business. An effort has been made in this work to ascertain the various elements that affect the reception concerning Mobile Banking in respective of Mobile Commerce. The tremendous growth in the mobile devices in India reveals that the majority of Indians have adapted to cell phones and its innovations. Using a portable device is not restricted for calling, informing, and recreations but it is being practically utilized by an individual, private, business or any other entity. Due to security concerns and attentiveness, most people conduct Mobile Commerce through E-trade. Article sheds light on the various challenges and the key drivers which influence a common individual towards the adoption of mobile banking applications, which is a key for the expansion and survival of any mobile commerce in near future. Mobile Banking plays a crucial role in Promotion of Mobile commerce in the dynamic and flexible era which is the key requirement of any business market, in order to sustain and survive for future course of action. The method used for this Research is secondary and research is exploratory and quantitative.

Инновационные педагогические технологии и роль преподавателей в обеспечении качественного педагогического образования в Саудовской Аравии

Saudi Arabia's education sector has experienced substantial growth, with considerable investment and emphasis placed on teacher education. This qualitative research delves into the specific requirements and challenges faced by teachers in Saudi Arabia to underscore the necessity for comprehensive teacher education programs. Until now, Saudi teachers' colleges trained future school teachers for all school subjects especially English as a second/foreign language. However, there has been a change in teacher education planning and curriculum, and teachers of English (especially for schools) are mostly recruited who have bachelor's or master's degrees in English language/literature. Some researchers and educationalists are always of the view that proper pre-service teacher training is required to prepare effective teachers because school teaching lays a solid foundation for future courses and workplaces including English language institutes (for English teachers). Keeping the crucial roles in view, teacher education is expected to train teachers in digital education in augmented or virtual learning environments which emerged as a need in the post-Covid scenario. To cater to such needs, the researcher employed a purposive sampling technique and recruited 20 experienced school teachers and 5 English language instructors (from King Abdulaziz university, Jeddah-Saudi Arabia) who participated in semi-structured interviews. The study unearthed critical insights into teachers' perspectives, highlighting their needs, experiences, and expectations within the educational landscape. Through thematic analysis, the research identified significant areas for improvement in teacher education initiatives. The outcomes underscore the urgent need for tailored teacher education programs to better equip English teachers, ultimately enhancing the quality of English language instruction in Saudi Arabian schools.