Further Development Of Child Research Articles

Prejudice in children and extremism in adults: Intriguing mindset convergences

In the literature on children’s interpersonal and intergroup relations, it is inappropriate to say a child is ‘racist’ even in the evidence of the White child refusing to sit near a Black peer in class, or vice versa, or allying with friends to bully that same peer at school. In such cases, this child’s behavior has been referred to as out-group prejudice. Racial prejudice is bound to develop into any of the multiple types of extremism. This article explores the similarities between the adult extremist mindset and children’s prejudice. We present the conceptual constituents of both the extremist mindset and prejudice, and then discuss the convergences between the two; we later present the convergences in the determinants of both extremism and prejudice. The exploration of such convergences allows us to posit that prejudice in childhood may be a marker for extremism in adulthood. The recommendation is therefore to incite researchers to look more into the prejudiced mindset in childhood as a potential marker of the adult extremist mindset, and intervention policy makers to look into factors that buffer the further development of children’s prejudiced mindset into extremist polarized views about the world.

Teachers' Efforts in Developing Social Emotional Kindergarten Students

Social-emotional is one of the important aspects developed in children from an early age. This is because social-emotional development will have an impact on the further development of children. This development can begin in early childhood education in the age range of 5-6 years. The purpose of this study is to explore teacher efforts for developing social-emotional students. This research is in the form of qualitative descriptive research using data collection techniques in the form of observation and interviews at Al-Mubarak Kindergarten and Ash-Shiddiq IT Kindergarten, Bone Regency. The data collected is then processed with three stages of analysis, namely data reduction, data display, and verification or conclusion. The results of this study found that there are several efforts used by teachers to develop social-emotional students, including rapport, positive reinforcement, and matching and mirroring in aspects of self-awareness, advice and appreciation in the form of positive affirmations in aspects of responsible attitudes, and direct direction and practical learning in aspects prosocial behavior. These efforts can be modeled and developed again by parents and other teachers.

Children's Musical as a Popular Genre of Ukrainian Stage Art in 1960s-1990s: Formation and Development

The purpose of the article is to identify the peculiarities of formation and the main trends in the development of children's musical as a popular genre of Ukrainian stage art in the 1960s-1990s. Research methodology. The historical and cultural method was used to summarise the factual material related to the time of creation and the logic of development of the children's musical in the Ukrainian stage art of the 1960s-1990s. The methods of art historical and genre-stylistic analysis were applied to help identify specific artistic and aesthetic, genre and stylistic features in the productions of children's musical on the stages of Ukrainian theatres. Scientific novelty. The history of the formation and development of the Ukrainian children's musical in the stage art of the 1960s-1990s is studied; its musical, artistic, staging and performance features are revealed. The chronological sequence of writing the most significant in the context of the development of the genre of the first national children's musicals is presented. The contribution of Ukrainian composers (Zh. Kolodub and L. Kolodub, O. Bilash, I. Poklad, S. Bedusenko) and directors (P. Kolisnyk, M. Lukavetskyi) in the formation of the national musical for children's audiences is revealed. Children's musicals by Ukrainian composers included in the "golden fund" of national stage art are analysed ("Fox Mykyta" (libretto by R. Kudlyk) and "Tom Sawyer" (libretto by M. Petrenko based on Mark Twain's novel) by B.-Yu. Yanivskyi). Conclusions. The process of integrating the musical genre into the Ukrainian stage art of the last third of the 20th century took place in accordance with the peculiarities of the socio-cultural space of that time, socio-political events and artistic trends. The creative rethinking of content and structural features of the Western genre invariant in the 1960s-1990s became the basis for the formation of the national Ukrainian children's musical as a factor in the internationalisation of the world music and stage culture. At the same time, the formation of the Ukrainian children's musical is connected with the process of nationalisation of the genre, as evidenced by the reliance of the libretto on stories from folklore and traditional Ukrainian culture, the introduction of traditional principles and techniques inherent in the stage art of Ukraine. The peculiarities of the formation and further development of children's musicals in Ukraine were conditioned by the creative searches of domestic composers (B.-Yu. Yanovskyi, I. Poklad, S. Bedusenko, Zh. and L. Kolodub, E. Lapeika, O. Kolomiitseva, A. Bondarenko) and theatre directors. The productions of children's musicals from the 1960s-1990s allow us to talk about the rethinking of the Western archetype of the genre and the beginning of the formation of a national Ukrainian musical.
 Key words: children's musical, Ukrainian stage art, children's musical theatre, genre, production and performance features.

Examining pre-service teachers regulation in distance and traditional preschool design and technology education

The significance of adapting to a rapidly changing world is quite evident in the current day; thus, the awareness of how to teach students so that they can be ready to face challenges in the future is very important. Early education has a huge impact on the further development of children, so preschool teachers must be competent and use appropriate teaching and educational methods. In this study, the development of self-directed learning (SDL) of future preschool teachers is investigated by considering two variables, namely the type of study (full-time and part-time students) and the learning modalities caused by the COVID-19 pandemic (pre-, during and post-COVID-19 confinement). We collected data from 418 participants and analysed them using descriptive statistics, 2 × 3 factorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a two-step cluster analysis. The results show the status of pre-service preschool teachers' perceptions of their SDL development and how the variables influenced it. There were significant differences in the students' self-reported SDL skills, depending on the learning environment and the type of study. The status indicator helps educators identify and change the curriculum and how they work with students. It allows the faculty to highlight the positive aspects of the different educational modalities encountered, as well as the characteristics of the study types and their impact on the learning process to improve students’ SDL skills. The results of the study may help in the design of tailored metacognitive scaffolds that take into account different modalities. Further studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of digital open learning environments that address both SDL and preschool educational practices.

KONSEP PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI DALAM ISLAM MENURUT IBNU QOYYIM AL-JAUZIYYAH

This study aims to find out an in-depth picture of the Concept of Islamic Early Childhood Education, especially according to Ibnu Qoyyim Al Jauziyyah. This study used the literature study method with Tuhfatul Maudud Bi Ahkamil book as the primary sources and written data, books, the results of studies and research, Ibnu Qayyim Al- Jauziyyah’s other work which talked about education, particularly about early childhood education as the secondary sources. The results of the study showed that the concept of early childhood education according to Ibnu Qayyim Al- Jauziyyah was an early childhood education concept applied to children aged 0-6 years old. Where this characteristic of education according to Ibnu Qayyim Al-Jauziyyah is the beginning for the further development of children's education. The age stage of 0-2 years as the beginning of the child's life so that the concept of education focuses on when the child is just born, the call to prayer to circumcision. Meanwhile, the age stage of 3-6 years of educational responsibility focuses on faith, moral, social, and intellectual education.Keywords : Ibnu Qoyyim Al-Jauziyyah, Early Childhood Education, Islamic Early Childhood Education, Islamic Studies.

Early Childhood STEM Education for Sustainable Development

Early childhood education is crucial for the development of young children’s understanding of the natural world. Children have a role in sustaining a viable environmental and social future. This research interrogated key ideas concerning STEM education for sustainable development, drawing on seminal research and a range of government policy documents to formulate a futures-oriented approach to supporting children to build understandings in early childhood sustainability. Through the use of ethnography, a research methodology that uses both participation and observation of research participants, it became apparent that young children’s play-based learning enabled agentic responses in aligning with early understanding of STEM and sustainability. Using accepted descriptors of international Sustainable Development Goals within an early childhood research study, the research highlights how the development of interactive, learner-centred STEM teaching not only enables investigative, action-adapted learning, but also fosters independent learners who are responsive to their natural environment. The implication of this research is that further development of children’s environmental agency is suggested by the authors. The introduction of a whole-of-kindergarten approach that focuses on the systemic development of quality STEM education is posited as an avenue for educators to build young children’s understandings of sustainable development.

Principles of choreographic education in primary art institutions

The purpose of the article is to determine the basic principles of choreographic education in primary art institutions. Methodology. The methods of analysis and synthesis are used in the work. Based on the analysis of classes with different age groups of children on the basis of the choreographic department of Kaluga Children's Music School of Ivano-Frankivsk region identified the basic principles of choreographic education, which contribute to the improvement and development of children's performance, creative thinking, discipline and aesthetic taste to dance. The method of synthesis allowed us to determine the main criteria for teaching choreography for preschoolers. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time the basic principles of education and choreography lessons were comprehensively studied. The paper analyzes the trends in the development of choreographic education in primary art institutions; the concept of "children's choreography" is defined as one of the bases of formation of dancing abilities and "foundation" for further development of children in the direction of choreographic art;. It is investigated that the newest information technologies in the field of choreographic art allow: to strengthen the efficiency of knowledge of children; create a positive impression in choreography lessons; provide high educational diversity; increase success; to improve performing skills; rationally organize educational indicators; increase academic achievement. Conclusions. The author concludes that the use of the latest methods and techniques of teaching choreography will lead to high success, increase performance, which will determine in the future the path of children to further professional choreographic education.
 Keywords: children's creativity, dance, performing skills, didactic requirements, teaching methods.

Congenital Duodenal Atresia Diagnosis, Treatment, and Influence on Further Development of Patients

Background: Congenital duodenal atresia (CDA) is a common and surgically treated digestive tract anomaly that develops in the early stage of pregnancy. It often coexists with trisomy 21 and other inborn defects. Surgery is the only way of treatment. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of CDA with early diagnosis, course of pregnancy, coexisting congenital defects, and further development of children. Methods: The data were collected using the medical history and a self-designed survey which consisted of 22 questions about the perinatal interview, coexisting inborn defects, after birth symptoms, time and methods of diagnosis, as well as the treatment outcome. Results: The surveys were sent to 31 patients who were diagnosed and treated because of CDA in our clinic between 2004 and 2019. According to the collected data, 73.7% of the patients were diagnosed prenatally with the mean time of diagnosis at 28th weeks of gestation. Moreover, 37% of the patients were preborn, and almost half of the patients had low and very low body weight. More than 2/3 of children presented coexisting inborn abnormalities. Among after birth symptoms, the most common ones were abdominal distention and lack of meconium. The majority of children were operated within 24 hours after birth. Conclusions: Prenatal diagnosis of CDA results in an earlier time of primary operation. Newborns diagnosed antenatally present fewer symptoms after the operation, fewer reoperations, and a shorter time of oral feeding toleration. The coexistence of other congenital defects increases patients’ mortality. The important factors that deteriorate the postoperative course are prematurity and low body weight. In order to avoid long-term complications, it is of utmost importance to provide follow-up.

Children's tourism in Russia: management solutions to existing problems

The article identifies the current management problems that hinder the development of the sphere of children's tourism, manifested in the need to develop special measures to support children's tourism; determination of a single department coordinating the organization of children's recreation; improving the conceptual apparatus of children's and youth tourism; provision of tourist services to underage tourists by qualified specialists with special training, as well as recommendations for the further development of children's tourism.

Culturally relevant reading books for Papua New Guinean children: Their reading rights and preferences

Children have a right both to read and to see their lives mirrored in books. In this study we explored young Papua New Guinean children’s reading preferences of 500 digital books. The books were created as part of a large project aimed at improving elementary (Preparatory to Year 2) children’s literacy skills in Papua New Guinea. Reading materials are scarce in Papua New Guinea and typically offer children windows into other contexts. This was addressed through a collaborative approach with Papua New Guinean and international writers to develop culturally relevant books. Dashboard data from the digital library showing the 25 Most Read Books were collected from 321 girls and 369 boys in 7 pilot schools. The findings indicated that the children preferred fiction books that were culturally specific. There were no statistically significant gender differences in book choice. The findings from this study can help education departments and non-government organisations in the further development of children’s books that will motivate children to read.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESERCH IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN ON A NATURAL BASIS

In the article analyzes the concepts of "natural science", "research" and "scientific research" based on scientific sources based on definitions given by domestic and foreign authors. It provides information on the development of preschool children in their natural learning activities. In recent years, we have faced many situations that require scientific knowledge, so preschool organizations need to introduce science with simple concepts. Considering natural learning as a means of developing logical thinking for children. The importance of the subject of science in the development of the child’s intelligence is emphasized by the offer of teaching natural sciences and ecology in preschool institutions. Moreover, they not only master the laws of nature, but also adapt them to their ministry, based on the conclusion that scientific concepts based on natural science constantly help the child to develop his thinking. Based on the results of psychological and pedagogical studies of teachers and practitioners of natural science, it is proved that the use of these studies in preschool institutions can provide a basis for the further development of children's thinking in accordance with modern requirements.

Antiepileptic treatment in Dravet syndrome: An additional complexity for the families

Objective: The aim of our study is to explore the complexity of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) combined therapy in patients with Dravet syndrome (DS) with a special interest in management of the families concerning preparation and administration. Methods: We directed this survey using anonymous, self-administered questionnaire. Results: 92 families answered the questionnaire. Patients were aged from 1.73 to 17.60 years (mean 8.12). 92% of children had at least 3 AEDs: clobazam, valproate, stiripentol and topiramate. Other medications were also used for sleep and behavioral disorders. Mothers (100%), fathers (84%) and grandparents (52%) prepared the drugs and administered it respectively in 100%, 94% and 59% of patients. 31% estimated a major risk of error because of the drug manipulation. 75% agreed on the facility of preparation and administration but they were unhappy with the texture and flavour of medicines. 11% of parents didn't know the side effect of administered medications. 71% of parents refer to their specialist for side effects and their GP for drug interactions. Conclusion: This study raises the difficulties faced by families with children with DS having AEDs polytherapy. Parents estimated a high risk of error and problems with texture and flavors. These results emphasise the need for further development of children friendly formula and education for families with rare and chronic diseases.

ВПЛИВ ВАКУУМ-ЕКСТРАКЦІЇ ПЛОДА НА НАЙБЛИЖЧІ ТА ВІДДАЛЕНІ НАСЛІДКИ ДЛЯ МАТЕРІ ТА ДИТИНИ: РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ ЗА МЕТОДОМ ВИПАДОК - КОНТРОЛЬ.

<p> У статті представлений аналіз найближчих та віддалених наслідків операції вакуум-екстракції (ВЕ) плода у 93 жінок та їх дітей. Удосконалена методика операції ВЕ є пріоритетною для зменшення частоти найближчих наслідків оперативних вагінальних пологів для матері, а саме: зменшення випадків ушкодження м'яких тканин, частоти епізіотомій, ручної ревізії порожнини матки та/ або ручного відокремлення плаценти, величини крововтрати. Проведення ВЕ плода за запропонованою методикою покращує найближчі наслідки пологів для новонародженого, але немає істотних переваг щодо впливу на подальший розвиток дітей, порівняно з традиційною технологією ВЕ.<br /><br /></p>

P115 The influence of maternal IBD on childbirth and further development of children

patient year for the above BMI categories, respectively (p = 0.36). Neither the courses of steroids (per patient year), proportion of patients receiving more than 3 courses of steroids in their lifetime, or the proportion of patients requiring immunosuppressant or biologic medication, differed significantly between the two groups The median time-to-firstuse of anti-TNF (in months) was 14 (range 3 120), 36 (3 504) and 24 (4 600) in the above BMI categories, respectively (p 30 nearing the national average of 26% (source: Office of National Statistics 2012). Obesity is associated with colonic disease location, less penetrating disease, but no difference in the rates of stricturing disease or of operative intervention. Our data also imply a more aggressive inflammatory phenotype in terms of requiring biologic therapy significantly earlier in the natural history of disease. The mechanism for these effects is unclear, but environmental and luminal factors could be critical.

1832 – Factors of dysontogenesis of mental development of children with sensoneural hearing disorders

We studied mental health of pupils of Tomsk Specialized Boarding School for children with hearing disorder (100 hard of hearing (sensoneural hearing loss) and 30 deaf (sensoneural deafness), of 8-18 years old). We have revealed pathology of pregnancy and labor of mother and neurological and/or somatic pathology. Almost 90% of children were characterized by retardation in early development. Almost 8% are brought up by deaf/deaf-mute parents. In the investigated group 80% of families are characterized by pathological types of upbringing - under conditions of hypo- and hyper-care 30,5% and 18,1% of children, respectively are brought up, Contradictory upbringing has been noticed in 13,3% of cases, systematic conflicts in the family - 18,1%. Urban inhabitants prevail (63%), under adverse living conditions 29,5% of children live, the same number lives under conditions of boarding school. In one-parent families, 30,5% are brought up, with guardians - 10,5%. One third of fathers and 16,7% of mothers abuse alcohol, 61,9% of families have low material level. Structure of neuropsychiatric disorders in children of the examined group - disturbances of psychological development - F83 (78 pers. - 60%), mental retardation (F70, F78, F79) - 20% (26 children), disturbances of behavior with onset in childhood (hyper-dynamic syndrome) - F90 (11 persons - 8,5%). Only 8,5% (11 pers.) have normal intellectual development. In 90% of children, we have revealed disorders of speech development F80.8, conditioned by basic disease. In ontogenesis of these children we some adverse characteristics and conditions affecting negatively further development of child.

Children’s Advocacy Centers (Barnahus) in Sweden

This article is based on an evaluation of Children’s Advocacy Centers (CAC) in six municipalities in Sweden 2006–2007. The study concerned cooperation between different authorities (police, social services, public prosecutor, forensic medicine, pediatrics and child psychiatry) responsible for children who were suspected of being exposed to sexual or physical abuse. It is anticipated that use of CACs will improve the quality of investigations and that the legal process should thus be facilitated and rendered more effective. Qualitative interviews were carried out with 12 children and 22 parents at the different centers. Interviews included their experiences regarding the place and the premises, the treatment, earlier contacts with professionals, information and access to treatment and support. The results show that both children and parents appreciated the child—friendly and safe environment and the kind treatment by the staff. Information from the professionals was of crucial importance. The different processes taking place in connection with interrogation and assessments were potentially (at times) difficult to understand. It was at times difficult for the professional actors to take both the children’s, the parents’ and the families’ perspectives into consideration especially in relation to the suspected offenders. Voices from children and parents have contributed to deepened understanding about the complexity in applying a child—centered approach and a child perspective within the domain of child protection. The evaluation generated important knowledge with implications for practice and further development of Children’s advocacy centers.

Cognitive and social functioning in children and adolescents after the removal of craniopharyngioma

The aim of this study is to assess cognitive, emotional and social functioning in children and adolescents after the removal of craniopharyngioma. Twenty-seven children operated for craniopharyngioma and their parents participated in the study. Cognitive functions were assessed with WISC-R/WAIS-R-PL and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test. Parents completed Achenbach's Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) questionnaires on problems in functioning and psychopathological symptoms and took part in an interview on children coping in everyday life. Eighty-two percent of patients were diagnosed with an average level of intellectual functioning. No child received results indicating mental disability. In half of the children, effectiveness of visual memory was reduced, despite normal visual-spatial abilities. The results in the CBCL scale indicated more frequent presence of psychopathological symptoms-especially social problems, depression, anxiety and withdrawal. The most frequent problems in children's everyday functioning included inability to control emotions, difficulties in learning, unsatisfactory peer relationships, and unattractive appearance resulting from hormonal disorders (short height and obesity). One third of parents also reported problems with pathological appetite in their children. Despite normal intellectual abilities and relatively good physical condition, children after removal of craniopharyngioma experience many difficulties in everyday life regarding social relationships, emotion control and learning. The analogy between the above-mentioned symptoms and symptoms observed in patients after infantile damage in the frontal area leads to an observation that, apart from endocrine disorders, damage to the frontal lobe caused by the growth of tumour and operational intervention is of crucial importance to the further development of children with craniopharyngioma.

2 year follow-up of children born after the transfer of embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization of human oocytes cryopreserved in low sodium medium

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the growth and development of children born after the transfer of embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization of human oocytes cryopreserved in a choline-based freezing medium. DESIGN: Long term follow-up study in a medical institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Follow-up of 4 ICSI-singletons born between January 2000 and January 2004 in Halitus Medical Institute. Obstetric, peri- and post-natal data were collected and children were examined at 6, 12 and 24 months after birth. The four patients included in the study cryopreserved their oocytes (41 oocytes in total) between 1999 and 2003. Our oocyte cryopreservation program started in 1998. At the moment, 48 patients maintain 629 oocytes cryopreserved (13,1 oocytes/ patient); in 5 cases fertility preservation was the indication for oocyte cryopreservation. RESULTS: Four women, aged 30 ± 0.81(mean ± SD) gave birth to 4 singleton infants. Mean duration of female infertility was 5, 5 years (range 3 to 8 years). Patients had their 41 oocytes thawed; survival rate was: 41,4 % (17 oocytes), fertilization rate was 64,7% (11). Number of embryos transferred/ patient: 2, 4, 3 and 2 (2,75 ± 0,96). All transfers were performed on day 2. Mean birthweight of infants was 2870,75 ± 631 g (range: 2050 to 3550 g). There was 1 preterm delivery at 34 weeks of gestation; neonatal intensive care was required in this case. In all, 1 was a vaginal delivery and the other 3 were caesarean sections. Three healthy girls (75%) and one healthy baby boy (25%) were born. No perinatal mortality occurred. No post-partum complications were observed. At 6, 12 and 24 months of age, weights and heights of children were within normal parameters: mean weights: 7525, 10135 and 12562 g; and mean heights 63, 74,6 and 86,5 cm respectively. Neurological outcome of the four children at the age of 12 months showed normal development. CONCLUSIONS: The obstetric, peri- and post-natal outcome of the four babies was good. Further development of children was normal after 2 years of follow up. To our knowledge, this is the first report to present preliminary follow-up data of children born after oocyte cryopreservation in a low sodium medium. Careful evaluation is essential since choline based freezing technique is relatively new. These promising findings enhance the need for long-term follow-up of children born after this procedure.

Is in utero early-exposure to interferon beta a risk factor for pregnancy outcomes in multiple sclerosis?

There exist controversial and discrepant results on the risk of spontaneous abortions and teratogenesis induced by interferon treatment in people with MS.Aim of this study is to evaluate risks of the administration of INFbeta related not only to the foetus, but also to children development up to 12-months developmental milestones. The study design is retrospective with a follow-up of babies until 18-months of their life. Thirty-eight women out of 240 with MS followed-up at Clinic MS Center of the University Hospital of Catania, Italy became pregnant in the period june 1997-may 2006. Patients were grouped into three arms: in utero exposed to INFbeta, never treated and patients who discontinued INFbeta before starting conception. Pregnancy outcomes, birth weight, 12-month developmental milestones were collected with an ad hoc questionnaire. Newborns of in utero exposed to INFbeta patients were little smaller for birth weight (3079.6 +/- 313.3 g), but not statistically significant, if compared with the other groups. Developmental milestones appeared within the normal range in all groups. Our results were particularly favourable on pregnancy outcomes, because we observed only a smaller birth weight which was not detrimental for the further development of children. We believe that INFbeta therapy might not be considered to be a reason for interruption of an intact pregnancy once the drug has been discontinued until delivery.

Epilepsy Education Within the Statutory School System

Epilepsy Education Within the Statutory School System