Funding Source Research Articles

Overview of Financial Efficiency in India’s Power Sector

Power is an important tool for economic growth of the country. Power is vital for every form of human activity-domestic, agricultural and industrial infrastructure, such as telecommunication and transport. The demand for electricity in India is enormous and is growing steadily. This growth has been slower than a country’s economic growth. The big challenge of the power industry is to balance the demand and supply of electricity. Financial management involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling the financial activities of an organization. Its primary goal is to maximize shareholder wealth and ensure the efficient use of resources. Financial efficiency refers to how effectively an organization utilizes its resources to generate revenue or profits. It involves minimizing costs and maximizing output or outcomes relative to inputs. The financial efficiency of India's power sector is a critical aspect of its energy infrastructure, impacting both economic growth and sustainability. The main needs of the study are the source and use of funds of the company and how to evaluate the financial performance of the company. The objective of this study is to critically evaluate and assess the financial performance of Southern Power Distribution Company of Andhra Pradesh State Limited, Tirupati.

Financial Resource Availability and Implementation of Child Protection and Safeguarding Programs in Kwale County, Kenya

The Kenya child protection data on Kwale County revealed an increase of child negligence cases from 49.6% in 2020-2021 to 61.7% in 2022-2023. This has led to the establishment of various child protection and safeguarding programs to curb child protection and safeguarding menace in the county. Despite this effort, implementing such child protection and safeguarding programs has experienced problems. Thus the purpose of this study was to establish the influence of financial resource availability in the implementation of Child Protection and Safeguarding Programs in Kwale County, Kenya .The research was grounded in complexity theory and implementation theory. A descriptive research approach was employed to accurately depict the target population, which included key program personnel such as social workers, government officials, and child/probation officers involved in child protection programs in Kwale County. The sampling frame encompassed personnel from 11 NGOs, 2 government agencies, and 3 rescue centers currently implementing child protection programs in the county. Proportionate and simple random sampling were used for the NGOs and CBOs, while census sampling was employed for the government agencies and rescue centers. Of the 141 selected participants for the sample, 132 responded to the open and closed-ended questionnaires. Quantitative data was analyzed using SPSS, including descriptive statistics (frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations) and inferential statistics (correlation and multiple linear regression).Correlation analysis revealed that a financial resource availability showed a correlation of (r=0.859, p=0.000). Multiple linear regression indicated financial resource availability had a significant positive impact (B=0.351, p=0.00).To enhance child protection programs in Kwale County, the study recommends that organizations diversify funding sources, Implement clear reporting mechanisms and independent oversight committees can enhance transparency and accountability. Long-term financial planning, including emergency funds and scenario planning, along with stakeholder engagement, will help create a stable financial environment for implementing child protection and safeguarding programs in Kwale County.

The Financial Challenges of Developing Countries for Climate Change Mitigation and Sustainable Development Under UN Agenda 2030

The study seeks to analyze the financial obstacles confronting poor nations in mitigating the effects of climate change and shifting towards sustainable development trajectories, as outlined in the 2030 Agenda. The paper examines Iraq to highlight difficulties and possibilities pertinent to its context, while the analysis and policy implications extend to several other nations in other areas with analogous concerns. The study employs a quantitative analytical methodology using secondary data on sustainable development indicators, emissions, mortality rates, and finance sources for a sample of 18 developing nations from 2010 to 2020, together with projected data for specific economic indicators extending to 2050. The findings indicate that emerging nations, particularly impoverished ones, would encounter the most significant dangers from climate change while not being accountable for its causation. Developing nations are experiencing escalating environmental concerns due to climate change, including floods, droughts, pollution, desertification, and declining water levels. Consequently, these nations must intensify their efforts to address these difficulties and develop measures to safeguard the environment and natural resources. Numerous developing nations depend significantly on the agricultural sector for revenue and employment, confronting emerging difficulties from climate change that result in diminished agricultural output and land degradation, impacting food security and the local economy. Climate change may adversely affect emerging nations' economies, leading to agricultural land degradation and heightened expenses for infrastructure reconstruction.

Pendanaan Pembangunan Ekonomi Indonesia Melalui Sukuk Negara Ritel

Sukuk Ritel (SR) is one of the sovereign sukuk whose main purpose is to fund economic development, especially infrastructure development. To accelerate infrastructure development, the government issued Sukuk Ritel in 2009 as a funding source. This study was conducted to determine how the law of economic development funding in Indonesia sourced from Sukuk Ritel is viewed from the perspective of Islamic economic law. Data was collected through a literature review which was then analyzed using a normative approach. The results of this study indicate that borrowing or funding for infrastructure development through Sukuk Ritel is legally permissible (mubah), and Sukuk Ritel is better than borrowing directly. However, the government needs to continue taking precautionary steps when the state debt is approaching the normal threshold for borrowing funds.

Determinants of bank deposit in a small economy’s banking sector: a study of Fiji

Purpose Deposits, a liability component of banks’ balance sheet, are an important source of funding for commercial and retail banks. In this study, the authors consider deposits as dependent variable and examine factors (bank-specific, macrofinance and structural) that could plausibly explain deposits. Subsequently, the findings are expected to support analysts, bank managers and regulators, especially in small economies such as Fiji, for asset–liability management. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a balanced panel of six commercial banks and two credit institutions over the period 2000–2022. To control for bank heterogeneity, a fixed-effect regression method is used. Findings Bank-specific variables such as bank size, profitability, loan-to-deposit ratio and bank stability are positively associated with bank deposits, whereas the capital adequacy ratio is negatively associated with bank deposits. Macroeconomic variables such as remittances and gross domestic product per capita are positively associated with bank deposits. Moreover, institutional variables such as control of corruption, political stability and regulatory quality are positively associated with bank deposits. However, tail events such as the global financial crisis of 2007–09 and the COVID-19 pandemic negatively influence bank deposits. Structural breaks for 2007 and 2011 of two banks (Bank of the Baroda and Bank of the South Pacific, respectively) are positively associated with bank deposits. Originality/value Previous studies have considered profitability, competition, nonperforming loans and stability of banks in Fiji. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to consider the determinants of bank deposits, an important source of funds for banks in many small countries including Fiji. In addition, this study examines the impact of structural breaks, tail events such as the recent pandemic (COVID-19) and institutional variables.

The Current State Of Personal Property Taxation

A significant portion of local budget revenues is generated from tax revenues derived from individuals' property tax payments. Thus, the property tax levied on individuals is an important factor influencing the development level of the regions in our country. This article highlights the factors affecting property tax volumes and the tax incentives related to its payment. The theoretical and methodological foundations of taxing individuals on property are examined. The components of the property tax are analysed: the tax on real estate, excluding land plots, transport tax, and land use fees. The mechanism for collecting property tax from individuals is discussed under the Tax Code of Ukraine. The fiscal effectiveness of the existing system of property taxation for individuals in Ukraine is analysed, along with the peculiarities caused by the imposition of martial law. In the context of armed aggression against Ukraine, government budget expenditures have significantly increased. Therefore, studying the fiscal function of the property tax on individuals is a pressing issue. The article presents data on the payment of real estate tax by individuals, excluding land plots, transport tax, and land fees, before and after the onset of military actions in Ukraine. The research has established that the volumes of tax revenues from individuals' property taxes are increasing yearly. The research results confirm that the property tax on individuals, under martial law, is a substantial source of funding for local budgets in Ukraine. This underscores the importance and necessity of further enhancing the fiscal function of this tax. It has also been established that the fiscal potential of the property tax on individuals is not fully utilized due to the deficiencies in the existing taxation system. Brief examples of property taxation for individuals, based on the assessed value of such property in foreign countries, are provided. The prospects for reforming the property taxation system for individuals in Ukraine are discussed. Recommendations for reforming the property tax for individuals are formulated to increase its fiscal function.

Factors affecting the growth of small and medium Enterprises in Luangnamtha Province

The purpose of this study is to study the operating conditions and factors affecting the growth of small and medium enterprises in LuangNamtha Province. which uses descriptive study methods, surveys, and questionnaires to collect data from small and medium-sized enterprise operators who have registered enterprises at the Department of Industry and Trade in LuangNamtha Province according to the law in the number of 233 business units using basic statistics such as average value and standard deviation and analyzed with an ordinary least squares regression model. The results of the study found that most of the business operators are males aged between 37-43 years old, have a high degree of specialization, and have previous experience in the service sector, which a business is owned by a single Lao person. The registered capital of the business is less 100,000,000 kip, it is a source of funds for the family, there are between 5-20 people, the duration of the business operation is less 5 years, the customer group is in the province, the business is mainly in the commercial sector, but the performance is not good compared to last year. Such as, revenue and net profit decreased. The importance of factors affecting the growth of small and medium-sized enterprises in LuangNamtha province is very important. The factors affecting the growth of enterprises include four factors that have a relationship in the same direction, such as leadership factors affecting the growth of enterprises with a statistical significance level of 0.1, strategic decision-making factors affecting the growth of enterprises with a statistical significance level of 0.05, financial factors affecting the growth and stability of enterprises with a statistical significance level of 0.01 and 0.1, respectively, and marketing factors affecting the stability of the enterprise with a statistical significance level of 0.1.

Implementation of the WHO surgical safety checklist in resource-limited Somalia: a new standard in surgical safety

BackgroundSurgical safety remains a critical global health concern, with complications from surgical procedures resulting in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist (SSC) has been shown to reduce surgical complications and mortality rates. However, its implementation and impact in resource-limited settings like Somalia remain understudied. This study aimed to evaluate the implementation of the WHO SSC in selected hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia, and assess its impact on surgical safety practices.MethodsA pre- and post-intervention study was conducted in 15 randomly selected hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. The intervention involved a comprehensive training program on the WHO SSC for surgical teams. Data on hospital characteristics, surgical details, and adherence to the SSC were collected over two periods: pre-intervention (April 12th to May 4th, 2024) and post-intervention (May 12th to June 3rd, 2024). The primary outcome was the adherence to the SSC, categorized as good (> 60%) or poor (≤ 60%). Descriptive statistics, McNemar’s test, and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis.ResultsAdherence to the WHO SSC significantly improved post-intervention, with 98.8% of surgical cases demonstrating good adherence compared to 37% pre-intervention (p < 0.001). The mean adherence score increased from 51.6% (SD = 29.6) to 94.1% (SD = 8.2). Significant improvements were observed for most individual checklist items, including patient identity confirmation, surgical site marking, anesthesia machine checks, and pulse oximeter use (p < 0.001). Team dynamics and communication also improved significantly post-intervention. Hospital type, size, years of service, funding source, surgical department, surgery type, urgency, and staff numbers were associated with checklist adherence pre-intervention.ConclusionThe implementation of a comprehensive training intervention significantly improved adherence to the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist in resource-limited hospitals in Mogadishu, Somalia. The findings highlight the feasibility and effectiveness of the SSC in enhancing surgical safety practices, team communication, and patient outcomes in challenging healthcare environments. Tailored implementation strategies, ongoing training, and cultural adaptation are crucial for the successful adoption of the SSC in resource-constrained settings.

Management of the Territory Restoration Process Following a Disaster: The Case of the South Moravian Region in the Czech Republic

The article presents a methodology for the management of repairs to property damaged by a disaster. The article describes the procedure for the development of an organizational layout, along with planning and managing activities leading to the restoration of damaged property. Last but not least, the article deals with financial planning. The methodology presented was applied to a case study that was conducted in the village of Hrušky, South Moravian region, the Czech Republic, which was hit by a tornado in 2021. More than three years have passed since this tragedy, and repairs to the village’s property are still planned to continue until the middle of 2025. Qualitative approaches to data collection and evaluation were used for data collection, especially in-depth interviews related to the given issue. The mayor of the village, the village management, and representatives of construction companies were involved in the in-depth interviews. Another important source of data was the project documentation and the municipality’s accounting records. The main outputs include a list of construction works, which served as a basis for the financial damages; the municipality’s participation in state subsidy programs for the financing of the restoration; and, last but not least, a list of works that was used to create the project documentation for the reconstruction of individual buildings. Other outputs of the work include a structural plan, which has been developed for the purposes of planning and managing activities leading to the restoration of the damaged area, and a financial plan, which contains information on expenses and funding sources. The key contribution of the paper is a methodical procedure for the identification, the design, and the execution of crucial activities connected with the restoration of the territory after a disaster. The methodological procedure is designed considering the experience associated with a specific disaster, namely, a tornado in the southeastern part of the Czech Republic, which served as the basis for this case study.

Entrepreneurship Education and Independence of Students of Ulfiyah Progressive Islamic Boarding School, Segeran Kidul Juntinyuat Indramayu, Indonesia

Entrepreneurship education in Islamic boarding schools plays a crucial role in shaping the independence of students, especially in the era of globalization that demands adaptation and innovation. Ulfiyah Progressive Islamic Boarding School in Segeran Kidul, Juntinyuat, Indramayu, Indonesia has implemented an entrepreneurship education program with the hope of producing students who not only master religious knowledge but also have the ability to become entrepreneurs. However, despite the ideal framework that is expected, the reality in the field shows significant challenges, including limited funding sources, lack of quality mentors, and resistance to change among students. This study aims to explore more deeply the concept and implementation of entrepreneurship education and the challenges faced, students' responses to the program, and the impact of the education on the economic independence of alumni. Using a descriptive qualitative research method, the research subjects included the head of the foundation, the head of the boarding school, the person in charge of the program, teachers, students, alumni, and parents of students. The results of the study show that although entrepreneurship education in Islamic boarding schools faces various challenges, there are positive steps taken to overcome these problems. With the right approach and adequate support, entrepreneurship education can have a significant impact on the economic independence of students, thus supporting the vision of Islamic boarding schools to create an independent and competitive generation.

Debate: Bridging the gap - role of nonspecialists in child and adolescent mental health care.

The first point of contact for patients and families seeking professional help for health problems is often in nonspecialist community healthcare settings that vary widely across the countries in funding sources, resources and support from specialist services. They typically involve general practitioners, family physicians, general and community paediatricians, and nonphysician health workers such as nurses, social workers and public health professionals. This article discusses the role of nonspecialists in addressing the challenges of limited resources in Child and Adolescent Mental Health (CAMH) care services as healthcare systems struggle to meet the high demand. Stakeholders and decision-makers need to reconsider traditional healthcare models and service delivery. Integrating nonspecialist community care can be a potential solution but is beset with ethical, geopolitical, practical and economic challenges. The urgency and complexity of the issue are highlighted, emphasising the need for global discussion around CAMH care.

California ballot item could reduce major mental health funding source

California ballot item could reduce major mental health funding source

Does corporate social responsibility influence corporate innovation in China? Combining innovation investment and dynamic capabilities theory

Purpose According to reputation theory, enterprises that adopt a proactive approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR) are known to actively invest in corporate innovation. However, this theory does not fully explain the mechanisms through which CSR influences corporate innovation, nor does it address how to effectively amplify CSR’s positive impact on innovation. To overcome these limitations, this research aims to incorporate the theories of innovation investment and dynamic capabilities. Innovation investment theory elucidates how CSR can attract additional financing, which can be directed toward innovation activities. Meanwhile, dynamic capabilities theory highlights how digital transformation in enterprises can enhance the positive effects of CSR on innovation, providing insights from both theoretical and empirical perspectives. Design/methodology/approach To demonstrate the mediating role of debt financing costs and the moderating role of enterprise digital transformation in the mechanism of CSR on corporate innovation, this research conducts fixes effects models by collecting 27,912 data points from 3,775A-share China-listed enterprises, ranging in period from 2010 to 2020. Empirical research once again proves that the theories of innovation investment and dynamic capabilities effectively compensates for the shortcomings of reputation theory. These three theories effectively explain that what is the effect of CSR on enterprise innovation? How does CSR influence corporate innovation? And through what mechanisms can CSR better enhance corporate innovation? Findings According to innovation investment theory, the cost of debt financing mediates the positive relationship between CSR and corporate innovation. This occurs because enterprises with robust CSR practices are more likely to secure external funding, thereby reducing their costs associated with external debt financing. Lower debt financing costs provide a stable source of funds for corporate innovation. Additionally, dynamic capability theory suggests that enterprise digital transformation moderates the positive relationship between CSR and corporate innovation. Building on these insights, it is recommended that enterprises, especially state-owned ones, should prioritize technological innovation to enhance their competitiveness. Research limitations/implications This research aims to address and narrow the knowledge gap regarding the relation between CSR and corporate innovation through theoretical and empirical analyses. With respect to the influence mechanism, this research solely based on innovation investment theory and dynamic capabilities theory, focuses on the influence mechanism of CSR on corporate innovation, with the debt financing costs as the mediating variable and digital transformation as the moderating variable. However, the influence mechanism turns out to be complicated and there is room for further exploring numerous mechanisms. For example, future research can focus on identifying additional channels through which CSR exerts an influence on corporate innovation based on TOE theoretical framework. Practical implications This research presents several strategies to enhance corporate innovation based on its conclusions: First, enterprises should promptly publish social responsibility reports to build a positive industry reputation. Moreover, by actively participating in CSR activities, they can strengthen their networks and enhance their industry standing. Second, the significant mediating role of debt financing costs should not be ignored. Enterprises are encouraged to seek diverse financing channels to reduce financial pressures, address financing challenges and facilitate the coordinated development of CSR and innovation. Third, enterprise digital transformation significantly affects the impact of CSR on innovation. Therefore, enterprises should advance digital transformation initiatives that incorporate technological innovation, organizational improvements and integration with supply chain partners. Finally, it has been noted that state-owned enterprises are often less responsive to technological innovation than their non-state counterparts. SOEs could redefine the scope and priorities of their social responsibilities to prevent excessive resource consumption that could hinder innovation. For instance, integrating some of their social responsibilities with innovation projects could promote both social and technological innovation objectives. Additionally, the government could ensure fair resource distribution among different types of enterprises and provide an equitable financing platform to mitigate financial challenges for both state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises. Originality/value Reputation theory does not fully elucidate the mechanisms by which CSR influences corporate innovation or how to effectively enhance CSR’s positive impact on innovation. This research integrates the theories of innovation investment and dynamic capabilities to address these gaps. According to innovation investment theory, debt financing costs mediate the positive relationship between CSR and corporate innovation. Meanwhile, dynamic capabilities theory posits that enterprise digital transformation moderates this positive relationship, further strengthening the impact of CSR on innovation.

The Applicability of The Pecking Order Theory in The Digital Economy

The Peck Order Theory (POT), proposed by Myers and Majluf in 1984, posits that firms prioritize their sources of financing based on the principle of least resistance, starting with internal financing, followed by debt, and ending with equity as a last resort. In the context of the digital economy—which is defined by new finance mechanisms and technical advancements like big data, blockchain, crowdsourcing, and artificial intelligence (AI)—this study investigates the applicability and relevance of POT. This study investigates how these contemporary tools impact conventional financing behaviors and preferences through an extensive literature review.The findings suggest that while POT remains a powerful framework, its application in the digital age needs to be modified to account for the reduced information asymmetry and increased efficiency brought about by digital innovations.

How Polycentric Governance Affects Nature Conservation in Practice: The Case of Two Coastal Protected Areas in Suriname

This article focuses on the interactions between multi-level decision-making centers – local, national, international – in migratory species conservation in Suriname. Such multi-level interactions are crucial for transboundary conservation practices, but they have been researched very little by the scientific community so far, and not on Suriname at all. Moreover, although multi-level decision-making may differ per situation, it always poses governance and management challenges. To understand these, two Suriname case studies are analyzed in-depth: migratory shorebirds in the Bigi Pan Multiple Use Management Area and marine turtles in the Galibi Nature Reserve. A polycentric governance framework is used as an analytical lens, while a qualitative case study methodology is applied. The results of the analysis show that polycentric structures for the conservation of migratory species are currently only moderately in place and heavily dependent on donor finance. Yet, such vertical interactions are crucial for building connections – particularly among international NGOs, national governments and local communities – to achieve effective and legitimate conservation outcomes, irrespective of the presence or absence of donors. This paper, therefore, draws the following three key lessons for polycentric conservation efforts in the global South: (1) structural funding and alternative sources of income to donor money are crucial for transboundary conservation, (2) effective cooperation will require robust institution-building for enduring collective action, particularly at the local level, and (3) decision-making centers at all levels should be truly committed to a social-ecological approach of conservation, since a sole focus on biodiversity will not lead to legitimate results.

The Use of Participatory Modelling Methods in Agri-Environmental Research – A Systematic Mapping Dataset

Participatory modelling (PM) is a transdisciplinary research approach that involves stakeholder in a modelling process to develop or improve qualitative or quantitative models. To better understand the potential uses of PM in the emerging field of agroecology living lab research, I conducted a systematic search of the peer-reviewed literature and describe 78 participatory agri-environmental case studies in this dataset. Bibliographic data are included and each case study is described in terms of main goal(s), PM method(s) used, involved stakeholders and their contributions and the level of stakeholder participation in the project. I also extracted key metadata (if available), such as publication type and year, study location (country), funding source, project duration and outcomes beyond publications. This dataset adds value by revealing clusters and associations of methods and goals, by showing the dominating role of researchers in this type of participatory research, by pointing out the absence of PM in certain areas of agricultural production, such as hydroponic farming or viticulture and by providing a comprehensive foundation for the related research article. It also contained data not used in the related research article that could provide a basis for future research, such as linking methods, goals and stakeholder involvement with other metadata or comparing this agri-environmental research and other areas.

Influence of Health Insurance Financing on Economic Growth In Kenya

Economic growth positively impacts population health, providing access to quality healthcare, environmental protection, clean water, and better preventative behavior. However, Kenya's declining growth rate affects health financing, causing many citizens to struggle with access to care due to rising medical costs. This study sought to analyse the influence of health insurance financing on economic growth in kenya. The study was guided by the Solow-Swan Exogenous Growth Model. The study was conducted in Kenya. Data used in study was longitudinal data for twenty two years. The study period was from 2000 to 2022. A descriptive and inferential analysis performed where Auto-Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) model was used. Analyzed data were presented in the form of tables and discussions. The health insurance financing indicated a positive and statistically significant (b=0.2935; p = 0.0280.05), implying that one unit increase in health insurance financing could result in 0.2935 units in economic growth in Kenya. The study showed that adjusted R-squared was 0.9271, implying that the model explains approximately 92.71% of the variation in the economic growth in Kenya. The study concluded that, health insurance financing, is positively related to economic growth in the long run in Kenya. The study recommends that there is need for enhancing health insurance financing sources and gradually shifting towards sustainable domestic financing sources.

Sex and Gender Considerations in Orthopaedic Research

Abstract JBJS convened a symposium to discuss the reporting of sex and gender in research studies as an imperative to improve research methods and results to benefit all patients. Barriers to improved reporting include a lack of societal and cultural acceptance of its need; a lack of education regarding appropriate terminology and appropriate statistical methods and efficient study designs; a need for increased research funding to support larger group sizes; unknown concordance of cell and animal models with humans to reflect biologic variables such as sex; and a lack of understanding of key considerations of gender, race, and other social determinants of health and how these factors intersect. Attention to developing and disseminating best-practice statistical methods and to educating investigators (at all career levels), reviewers, funders, editors, and staff in their proper implementation will aid reporting. Concomitantly, well-designed studies with sufficient rigor and adequate resources are essential to enable meaningful and reproducible research. Existing recommendations, such as the Sex and Gender Equity in Research (SAGER) guidelines, provide valuable guidance that can be applied across the research ecosystem. Academic institutions and private foundations are likely groups to assist in scientific and institutional review board guidance and study recruitment and pilot funding to generate meaningful power estimates, and to serve as sources for additional funding and presentation of workshops, educational events, and seminars. All of this needs to be conducted on an ongoing basis to ensure that sex and gender are considered in scientific analyses, where relevant.

Role of Grants in Ensuring Socio-Economic Stability in the Conditions of War in Ukraine

Grant programs are a key tool for solving global human problems. They promote business development, especially businesses founded by women or veterans. In times of crisis, grants become indispensable support for overcoming difficulties. In Ukraine, grants stimulate the development of various spheres of society, supporting reforms, civil society, science, culture and economy, especially in the context of geopolitical and economic challenges. The purpose of the article is to analyze and systematize available grant programs for the population and business in wartime conditions, to determine effective ways to find and receive them. The authors consider grants as free financial assistance provided for the implementation of projects, education or business development. Grants have a number of advantages compared to other financial instruments, such as loans, attracting investors or crowdfunding. In particular, grants do not need to be returned, and they can be raised systematically, which expands the financial capabilities of organizations. The article also discusses the goals of granting grants in wartime, which may include supporting innovation, solving current security problems, developing certain sectors of the economy, and transferring experience and financial resources from more developed countries. In the article, the author analyzes the experience of programs such as "Horizon Europe" and "EU4Business", emphasizing their role in supporting Ukrainian enterprises and the economy. The conclusions of the article indicate that grants are an important source of funding that allows implementing ideas, conducting scientific research, supporting charitable organizations, and improving the quality of life. The article offers an overview of the different types of grants, their advantages and disadvantages, as well as recommendations for finding and receiving grant support, including public and private grant programs.

On the issue of finding a balance of private and public interests in establishing a zone of integrated development of the territory

Since 2021, the integrated development of the territory has been a key area of urban development designed to ensure the renewal and efficient use of territories, and represents a unique mechanism that includes many measures aimed at stimulating the activities of investors, citizens and authorities, allowing for a significant acceleration of the construction process, economic development, including through attracting private investment. The effectiveness of the implementation of the CRT is achieved solely by ensuring a balance of private and public interests. The article examines the grounds and consequences of establishing a zone of integrated development of the territory in the absence of the necessary legal regulation of the fact determining the moment of the beginning of the implementation of integrated development of the territory. The establishment of a zone of integrated development of the territory determines the formation of a special urban planning regime, the essence of which is revealed by the author. An analysis of legislation and judicial practice indicates that the establishment of a zone of integrated development of the territory significantly limits the variability of actions of right holders of land plots that fall into the zone of the KRT, and enters into dissonance with the purpose of the KRT, which involves attracting extra-budgetary sources of financing for the renovation of built-up areas. The need to improve the CRT mechanism has been identified, taking into account the needs of all stakeholders in ensuring sustainable and harmonious development of territories.