Fundamental Social Institution Research Articles

Горизонтальная прфессиональная мобильность, профессиональное образование и рынок труда в России в динамике лет

The study of educational reality and the interrelationship of the sphere of education and the labour market began to occupy one of the principal places in the analysis of social structure and social stratification. The gap between the sphere of education and the labour market reveals a serious discrepancy in the interaction between people and fundamental social institutions, and the gap between the requirements of the real economy and the actual knowledge and competencies of employees is deepening.According to experts, another round of technological development will lead to a change in the employment landscape. It is not just about the disappearance of existing professions and the emergence of new spheres of professional activity but also about changing approaches in understanding employment, productivity, and efficiency of work. The proportional correlation of emerging and replaced professions certainly depends on the level of technological development of the country, economic and social factors. At the same time, intellectual potential and human capital is still the main factor of future development. Nowadays an important role will be played not only by the level of education but also by the ability to learn new skills, constant adaptation and professional mobility.In the article, an attempt was made to study horizontal professional mobility in the dynamics of years, to understand its scale and territorial specifics in the Russian Federation on the available materials of state statistics and data of the RLMS-HSE during 1998-2016 years. Specialists and workers of various qualifications aged from 30 to 49 years old more often tend to change their profession, and their level of education is not a statistically significant determinant of such a choice. It has been shown that different professional groups have unequal capital of flexibility and mobility, meanwhile specialists and workers remain the core of labour resources. Specialists and workers more than other professional groups are in the risk zone not only during a difficult economic situation, but also in the situation of technological changes and automation of the labor market. It is noted that without an appropriate contribution to the development of skills technological progress does not translate into economic growth, and the country loses its competitiveness in a rapidly developing global economy.

Problem „tego co polityczne” a tożsamość badawcza politologii

Dyscypliny naukowe różnią się od siebie pod wieloma względami, przede wszystkim różnicują je zasadnicze problemy i odrębne metody badawcze. Nauka o polityce jako dyscyplina jest definiowana głównymi problemami badawczymi, przez utrwalanie „polityki” we wszystkich niezliczonych formach. Polityka przyjmuje wiele form i obejmuje wiele poziomów społecznych, począwszy od klanów i plemion tradycyjnych społeczeństw, przez nowoczesny samorząd, firmy i instytucje, aż do suwerennych państw i poziomu międzynarodowego. Autor niniejszego artykułu stwierdził, że zdefiniowanie polityki jest najważniejszym krokiem w procesie budowania teorii politycznej. Jego zdaniem powinniśmy definiować politykę jako instytucje społeczne; jako kompleks pozycji, ról, norm i wartości ulokowanych w poszczególnych rodzajach struktur społecznych i organizacji stosunkowo stabilnych wzorców aktywności ludzkiej w odniesieniu do podstawowych problemów w produkcji środków podtrzymujących życie, w reprodukcji osobników i utrzymywaniu struktur społecznych w danym środowisku. Polityka to instytucje społeczne, które rozdzielają władzę, wyznaczają cele społeczeństwa i podejmują decyzje. Autor stwierdził, że najbardziej skutecznym sposobem zrozumienia, czym jest polityka, jest definiowanie jej jako podstawowych instytucji społecznych.

A Constitutional Future for Abortion Rights in Canada

In 2015, Abortion Access Now PEI legally challenged the restrictive abortion policy of Prince Edward Island. This article studies their challenge as a unique case in the building of a constitutional future for abortion rights in Canada. The article tracks how AAN PEI drew on classic rule of law arguments of transparency, accountability, and constitutional justice to shape and claim abortion rights as democratic rights, an entitlement to fully and equally participate in and benefit from the health care system as a fundamental social institution of the state.

Henry Maine’s “Modern Law”: From Status to Contract and Back Again?†

In this Article, I conduct a long overdue assessment of Henry Maine’s “from Status to Contract” thesis in light of two essentially modern phenomena: contract standardization and relational contracting. Drawing on comparative legal history, classical sociological and anthropological literature, contemporary contract law theory, and recent works in the field of (behavioral) law and economics, I discuss the claim that modern private law is witnessing a reverse movement “from Contract to Status.” I show that this claim is historically inaccurate and conceptually simplistic in that it attributes shades of meaning to status that Maine never contemplated. I dedicate the remainder of the Article to exploring why—in the face of clear countervailing evidence—modern private law scholars continue to engage in Mainean “status”-speak. For this purpose, I tease out several interesting parallels between status as part of Maine’s theory and “status” as part of modern private law discourse. I firstly suggest that scholars mirror Maine’s thesis with their argument that interpersonal rights and obligations frequently result from naturally occurring societal processes that the law normatively reflects; conversely, that said rights and obligations are not necessarily the result of private-autonomous agreements between freestanding individuals. While this argument strikes me as plausible, the conceptual problems that transplanting Maine’s categories into contemporary private law discourse entails call for additional justification. I therefore, secondly suggest that it is the directional appeal of Maine’s linear or absolutist view that has led modern private law scholars to engage in Mainean “status”-speak. In order to assess the defensibility of this claim, I consider whether the “from Status to Contract and back again” thesis has any merit. Are we witnessing a reverse movement from the mostly private-autonomous creation of contractual rights and obligations to the heteronomous imposition of such rights and obligations on the part of society or the state? To answer this question, I examine a variety of conceptual forces struggling for dominance in modern private law. Two complementary tensions present themselves as relevant to my discussion: the tension between freedom of contract and constitutional paternalism, and the tension between perfect contracting solutions and second-best alternatives. I go on to show that “status”-like elements—i.e., elements that play on the rhetoric and directionality rather than the substance of Maine’s thesis—and contractual elements interact to mediate both tensions. Linear (or absolutist) and dialectical (or “pendulum swing”) theories of socio-legal evolution consequently fall short. Mainean “status”-speak is equally unable to account for the conceptual interaction that my discussion brings to light. To clarify any such interaction between “status”-like and contractual elements, I introduce, explain, and to some extent defend, two hybrid types—contract-status and status-contract. These hybrid types, I argue, go some way toward capturing current tendencies in modern private law. Inconsistencies, however, remain even if we reconstruct modern private law along the lines of contract-status and status-contract. Hence, I call for an update of modern private law’s terminological toolbox. To this end, it is imperative to draw on Maine’s very own methodological postulates. Contemporary scholars intent on saying anything of interest about modern private law would thus be well-advised to emulate Maine’s approach of combining empirical inquiry into economy and society with categories and concepts from the realm of legal theory—all the while freeing themselves from the overbearing influence of his original, loaded categories. In light of these exhortations, I look at one final answer to the question of why modern jurists continue to engage in Mainean “status”-speak. Might increasing references to Maine’s conceptual categories be evidence of a rediscovery of the value of macro-historical approaches for engaging critically with (private) law as a fundamental social institution? I contend that employing such macro-historical approaches is indeed necessary if modern jurists are to take seriously their duties as members of the legal profession, as participants in a broader intellectual and academic discourse, and as citizens of their respective societies.

Reconsidering of the ethical and informational dimensions of social life within a philosophic enquiry for intellectual property institution

The article analyzes four areas of social life - the so-called "information power", public morality, public information and mass-media information. It's argued that they have become closely related in the information-dependent society. Understanding of their cross correlations and mutual determinations, as well as interconnections of those categories, is an important matter on the way of Intellectual Property philosophic research, believing the IP is one of the fundamental social institutions of our time.Regarding the abovementioned, the purpose of this research paper is to synthesize a socio-philosophical vision of nowadays mutual determination and correlation of "information power", public morality, public information and mass-media information aspects of social reality. Then we obtain an opportunity to make appropriate extrapolation of these links and interdependencies into a social institution of Intellectual Property.At first glance, the relationship amidst mentioned four categories together is not quite obvious, as well as their relation to the Intellectual Property institution. But it becomes clearer when we define each of those aspects.The phenomenon of "information power" is functionally associated with the Intellectual Property institution: countries-innovators maximize their organizing (political & legal) and technological efforts to maintain a monopoly for intellectual property protected products as long as possible. In particular that applies to the objects protected by industrial property laws (i.e. patents), and the objects of copyright (for literary works, software, other "intellectual capacious" products). On effective protection of this monopoly it may depend the whole prospects of domination of some countries in the post-industrial world. Sometimes the use of "information power" ignores the principles of public morality, leaving the ideas of humanism, equality, freedom of information exchange, free access to knowledge and technologies, and some other noble postulates declared by the governments of leading countries regularly.In its turn Public Morality institution is essential to the substantiation of intellectual property, to the legitimization of this kind of "monopoly for knowledge" in information-dependent society. The state of public morality makes an influence upon the ideology formation inside different societies, including mental manifestations of their attitude towards the property itself, and intellectual property in particular.The Public Information is rather capacious notion. In the context of intellectual property it is most applicable to cases where the validity of intellectual-legal monopoly expires, and the product of creative or intellectual activity goes into the category of "the public domain". If we would restrict ourselves by terminology of Ukrainian legislation about information, then we could conclude that "public information" is almost incompatible with any monopoly on information. Therefore the right to distribute the information subjected as "a matter of public interest" (i.e. public information) sometimes comes into logical conflict with intellectual property rights. And further everything will already depend on a philosophical interpretation, as any intellectual product has its value for society's growth potential, so any object of intellectual property may be considered a priori as one that is "a subject of public interest" accordingly. But here we should recall the constitutional principles of the private property inviolability, and respect to the author's exclusive rights to own, to use and to dispose with the results of his own intellectual or creative work. After all, any work must be fairly rewarded, and the intellectual work especially.The term "mass-media information" is not the same as "public information". The mass-media info is not so much related to the content, as to the audience towards it meant to be distributed (i.e. to unlimited number of people), and depends on the means and methods of broadcasting (using various media). The social significance of the mass-media information also varies. The Intellectual Property institution "meets" the mass-media institution in communicative space. The media are able to promote intellectual property commercialization very effectively. It's obvious that the media often do a popularizing effect, a distribution function for the newly created intellectual property objects. At the same time creative & intellectual products affect directly to the media ranking, filling their pages and diversifying their broadcasting by interesting creative production, that surely finds its audience.The reflection of referred issues is performed within the Doctor habil. Dissertation for philosophic research named "Intellectual Property Institution at the age of Information and Postmodernity: social-philosophic view". Methodological grounds of the research are based on general scientific methods and ad hoc approaches (as particularly are dialectical and comparative-legal methods, systemic, attributive, cognitive and procedural approaches).Selected problematic's relevance is determined by the increasing weight and significance of intellectual property at the Information age. The Intellectual Property institution has become an inalienable sociocultural attribute of post-industrial society. Thus, the comprehension of informational and ethical nature of Intellectual Property enables to create a more objective view of the transformation's character for this specific kind of property at current sociocultural realities.

A qualitative analysis of addiction pathology in the families on the verge of breakdown

An increasing rate of addiction is being witnessed nowadays as a social issue that affects families as the most fundamental social institution and leads to divorce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate addiction pathology and demonstrate a paradigmatic model of addiction in the families on the verge of breakdown. To do so, in a qualitative design and based on the content analysis approach, 18 families that had been referred to family courts were selected through purposive sampling method and were studied through semi-structured interviews. In addition, some interviews were conducted with judges and attorneys to confirm and complete the data. The data analysis was conducted according to the conventional content method and the results were presented in a paradigmatic model, including context, causes, strategy and consequences. The results of the present study emphasize the importance of recognizing factors associated with addiction pathology in a paradigmatic model by which more comprehensive programs can be designed for harm reduction and addiction prevention.

NOWADAYS STANDING OF THE INSTITUTION OF FAMILY: CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS

Abstract. The paper considered the course of moderniz-ing in the global community, and dynamic changes in-curred to the contemporary society that entailed urgency to optimize rational control over the structural changes in society in order to secure sustainability of social evolu-tion. All these have urged to reconsider relevance of the family as a fundamental social institution and a form of communal life that ensures reproduction of public life. The authors focused their attention primarily to the atti-tude survey of inhabitants of the Urals Federal District on the standing of contemporary families and challenges they face. On the grounds of sociology‟ survey carried, the authors made a summary on the trends in family and conjugal bonds across the region.

An Introduction to the Special Issue on Family Communication Patterns Theory

The family occupies a central position in the lives of individuals and also is humanity's most enduring and most fundamental social institution. Ancestral humans belonged to and identified with the...

Becoming Pure: The Civil Sphere, Media Practices and Constructing Civil Purification

This paper integrates the US civil sphere, European media as practice, and social psychological literatures to demonstrate how people construct their own civil purity and become pure. It uses in-depth interview data to uncover a language of civil purity that people draw on to construct their own belonging in civil society. It argues that some people create an imagined public-at-large that they infuse with polluting qualities associated with the binary cultural codes of civil society. This image functions as a mental heuristic, against which people compare themselves and see themselves as ‘better than’ on a number of moral values associated with civil society. This process of constructing civil purity is linked to one of the civil sphere’s two fundamental social institutions, namely communication. As a form of nonfiction media with record lows in trust and credibility, the mainstream news serves as a social topic through which we can witness the construction of civil purity.

The Unlikely Union of Same-Sex Marriage, Polygamy and the Charter in Court

For several years now, I have been doing work on litigation surrounding same-sex mar- riage (SSM), and when I present my research (both at conferences and informally over drinks), I am almost invariably asked how court decisions legalizing SSM1 will affect the laws against polygamy. As a recent article in the To- ronto Star observed,2 gay marriage is often seen as a “slippery slope” to polygamy; some argue that it opens the jurisprudential door to other fundamental challenges to the traditional, mo- nogamous definition of marriage.3 For example, it is true that the Supreme Court of Canada de- cisively rejected the government’s argument in the SSM cases that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms4 was not intended to revo- lutionize fundamental social institutions. Re- cent developments in British Columbia appear likely to put this contention to the test.

Hospitality and Status: Social Intercourse in Middle High German Arthurian Romance and Courtly Narrative

Within medieval German Arthurian romance and courtly narrative leading nobles actively cultivate hospitality and jealously guard their roles within this fundamental social institution. In these texts ideas about hospitality center on notions of power and status, and hospitality becomes an important expression of the implicit rules governing social discourse.

SELLING OURSELVES?

This research considers the myths of empowerment through interactivity and the use of online communication technologies to serve commercial ends as opposed to communicative needs. It explores, through discourse analysis, ‘community’ sections on retail-oriented websites as a manifestation of the notion that interactivity can encourage communal interaction among consumers and promulgate goodwill for the retailer. Building on Habermas's theories on the commodification of fundamental social institutions, this work posits that these websites use the rhetoric of community to entice new consumers and fulfill business goals. This work also uses Foucault's theories on technology as means of social control to examine the possibility that these communities are used as surveillance mechanisms for the purposes of data mining.

The American Interest in Islamic Schooling: A Misplaced Emphasis?

Since 2001, many American intellectuals and policymakers have blamed terrorism and conflict on Middle Eastern educational systems, which they claim do little but indoctrinate students with anti-American sentiment. Pressure has been put on many countries in the region to rewrite their curricula as a cure for violence and xenophobia. This article discusses some historical parallels to current concerns about inadequate schooling, but argues that solving political problems through curricular reform misguided. Rewriting books, it argues, is easier than changing fundamental social, economic and political institutions with powerful constituencies. . . .Curriculum reform without the reform of infrastructure, political participation and economic opportunity will do nothing to stem internal and external conflicts that do far more than schools to create violent motivations. The doomed economy of petroleum, the patriarchal authority structures of rural villages, the brutality of the Saudi religious police, the legal persecution of Egyptian homosexuals, the abuse of Iraqi prisoners by American soldiers, targeted assassinations by Algerian paramilitaries or by Israeli pilots in American helicopters. . .have far more influence over the political consciousness of children and youth than does anything taught in school, religious or otherwise.”

Why Trade Law Needs a Theory of Justice

I. DOES TRADE LAW NEED A THEORY OF JUSTICE? I'd like to begin by noting what today's question itself might imply. It may suggest to some that trade law does not already have a theory of justice, and to others perhaps even that it does not need one. Both implications would be mistaken. In my remarks I would like to make four points: first, that trade law necessarily involves theories of justice; second, that while the notion of trade and justice can raise several objections, these objections can be answered; third, that contemporary trade discourse reveals that in fact we already have a dominant theory of trade justice, utilitarianism, which needs to be outed as such and seriously re-examined; and finally, to illustrate the kind of work that is going on, and needs to go on, if we are going to take justice seriously in trade law. (1) Let me take a first casual pass at our question by juxtaposing a different one: does our federal income tax law or health care delivery system need a theory of justice? To this question we generally answer yes. Our income tax and health care systems are both fundamental social institutions involving significant resources, and both systems involve decisions about how those resources are allocated. In such cases we intuitively want to know if those decisions are fair. Theories of justice play an essential role in answering that question. Tax law and health care are two areas in which academics and policy makers routinely refer to principles of justice in working out their intuitions about fairness, and in analyzing, criticizing, and proposing reforms for these institutions. In a similar sense, I think we would be inclined to say that trade law also needs a theory of justice. The international trade law system (for example, the WTO) involves significant resources, and decisions about how those resources are allocated. So, as with tax law or health care policy, we intuitively want to know, is it fair? However, to go beyond this immediate intuitive level and answer in a more rigorous way, we need to consider a few elements of political theory: what does justice involve? What does a theory of justice do? One way to understand the idea of justice is as Through their decisions, social institutions produce some kind of social order, and we have many tools and disciplines with which to evaluate this order. The task of justice, in particular, is to ask whether these social decisions and institutional outcomes are right and consistent with a community's core values. How do we know if the inquiry of justice is relevant to a given situation? One way is to look at whether the situation involves public decision making about social goods. When people use social institutions to make decisions allocating social goods, this is the domain of justice. The decisions which these institutions make, and their method of decision making, are evaluated according to principles of justice. Trade law is one such social system, part of what Rawls calls the basic structure--that set of major institutions, including economic arrangements, which together distribute fundamental rights and duties and determine the division of the advantages from social cooperation. If we think about the scope of WTO law, for example, we can see that trade law involves numerous decisions allocating social goods such as wealth, economic opportunity, trade-related knowledge, preferences, market access, etc. To say that trade law does not need a theory of justice suggests that we need not consider the normative implications of this allocative system, that the question of fairness is irrelevant. We don't say that about any other social institution--why would we say that about trade law? II. OBJECTIONS TO THE APPLICATION OF THEORIES OF JUSTICE TO TRADE LAW There are several kinds of objections one can make to the idea of justice as applied to international institutions. …

Conceptions of Good Family Life Among Three Generation of Nigerians: Implications for Family Development

The family is the building block of all human societies. It is a fundamental social institution which acts a foundation for the conception and orientation of human beings. The typical characterization of family life in the past runs follows: in the earlier period family members interacted more intensely they were much more involved in each others lives they did things together for recreation and pleasure and the conventional values and morality were clearly transmitted from the parents to the children. The modern family on the other hand is often characterized one in which family members rarely talk with one another in which each family member pursues his or her own recreational and occupational activities. In earlier times the father of the family often was more patriarchal and authoritarian. The interaction between him and his wife was not between equals nor were his relations with his children characterized by equality. When the family of the past found time for recreational activities the men usually interacted with other men the women with women and the children with their peers. In the modern family there is less role differentiation. Many parents today strive to treat their children as people more or less equal to themselves. They usually organize most family activity around what they think their children want to do. (excerpt)

Language Ideologies: Practice and Theory

Language ideologies refers to the representation, whether explicit or implicit, of the intersection of language and human beings in a social world. This collection of essays examines definitions and conceptions of language in a wide range of settings, focusing on how such defining activity organizes individuals, institutions, and the relationships between them. The contributors look at language and its role in such fundamental social institutions as religious ritual, child socialization, gender relations, the nation-state, schooling and the law, and in doing so, link language to larger issues of identity, aesthetics, morality, and epistemology. This will be the first collection of work in this rapidly growing field.

The Social Setting of the Ministry as Reflected in the Writings of Hermas, Clement and Ignatius (review)

Reviewed by: The Social Setting of the Ministry as Reflected in the Writings of Hermas, Clement and Ignatius Thomas M. Finn Harry O. Maier . The Social Setting of the Ministry as Reflected in the Writings of Hermas, Clement and Ignatius. Dissertations SR Waterloo, Ontario: Wilfrid Laurier University Press, 1991. Pp. 230. $25.00. Completed at Oxford under Maurice F. Wiles, Maier's study is the Canadian Corporation for Studies in Religion's first offering in their new series, "Dissertations SR." They have chosen well, for Maier looks at the vexing problems surrounding the rise of authority structures in early Christianity through lenses ground by sociologists interested in religion. Max Weber, Bryan Wilson, Clifford Geertz, and Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann are the best-known experts among them. Hardly a new venture, by any means. Nor is the point of entry new: the early Christian community as shaped by the structure and dynamics of that fundamental social institution, the Greco-Roman household. Indeed, he freely [End Page 322] avails himself of the work of Jack Elliott, Wayne Meeks, and Michael White, among others. Nor are his target documents new grist for the mill. Two of his three texts, 1 Clement and the letters of Ignatius, have been the victims of post-Reformation polemics about polity for almost all of this century. So, what's new? For one thing, the sustained use of legitimation as a heuristic device for reading Clement and Ignatius, about which more in a minute. For another, reading Ignatius as a charismatic leader. For still another, understanding Hermas' principal concern as an attempt to maintain the boundaries of Christianity as a sect in Rome. And last but not least, Maier's attempt to use a social-world approach to untangle the thicket created by those greats of the past—among them, Harnack, Bauer, and von Campenhausen—who have read a theological agenda into the target texts. Maier's thesis is disarmingly straightforward: The household church is the social setting for the development of early Christian structures of leadership and authority (4). The trajectory of development begins with Paul and extends to Rome, Corinth, and the Asian communities of Ignatius. Although it can embrace a wider horizon, Maier wisely keeps the trajectory modest, for it permits the focus to be sharp. His conclusion is also modest, and all the more compelling for its modesty: the early ministry in the communities of Hermas, Clement, and Ignatius can be adequately understood only if one takes account of 1) the power wielded by relatively wealthy household owners who hosted the church in their homes, and 2) the fact that the authors formulated Christian belief in a way that maintained the household setting (199-200). The introduction lays the groundwork with detailed attention to the models he intends to employ, the chief being Berger and Luckmann's concept of legitimation, a process that explains to individuals the inherited institutions which affect them, even though they had little or nothing to do with constructing them. Maier uses social models to provoke insight rather than to impose them on data or reader. They are heuristic means for getting his texts to disclose the evolving leadership structures. Fundamental to his work is the primary institution that shaped Greco-Roman civilization, the household, which he explores in the first chapter with special attention to mystery and foreign cults, philosophical schools, collegia, and synagogues. To this reviewer, at least, he makes his case for the nuts-and-bolts centrality of the household in the rise of Christian ministry. Then he looks with care at the Pauline corpus, applying Bryan Wilson's "conversionist sect" type, availing himself of the primary position of the household virtues of hospitality and love-patriarchalism, and concluding to pater familias as the line authority that emerged, succeeding to the place of Paul and his apostolic intimates. In short, very early (even before Paul) the household setting shaped the identity and governance of communities established by Paul. For it was the hosts who had the wealth and initiative to invite the church into their homes and, as patrons, held important leadership responsibilities (47). In this section he follows with telling effect the work of Meeks...

Landscape of fear: Stephen King's American gothic

One of the very first books to take Stephen King seriously, Landscape of Fear (originally published in 1988) reveals the source of King's horror in the sociopolitical anxieties of the post-Vietnam, post-Watergate era. In this groundbreaking study, Tony Magistrale shows how King's fiction transcends the escapism typical of its genre to tap into our deepest cultural fears: the government we have installed through the democratic process is not only corrupt but actively pursuing our destruction, that our technologies have progressed to the point at which the individual has now become expendable, and that our fundamental social institutions - school, marriage, workplace, and the church - have, beneath their veneers of respectability, evolved into perverse manifestations of narcissism, greed, and violence.

Mother Goose and Her Goslings: The France of Louis XIV as Seen through the Fairy Tale

Previous articleNext article No AccessMother Goose and Her Goslings: The France of Louis XIV as Seen through the Fairy TaleDorothy R. ThelanderDorothy R. Thelander Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 54, Number 3Sep., 1982 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/244179 Views: 21Total views on this site Citations: 4Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright 1982 The University of ChicagoPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Lorenza Lucchi Basili, Pier Luigi Sacco, Peter Walla Princes Charming are not all made equal. The social cognition of mating strategies in four classical fairy tales, Cogent Psychology 5, no.11 (Jan 2018): 1422678.https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2017.1422678Olav Solberg «Østenfor sol og vestenfor måne» – eit klassisk eventyr i europeisk og norsk tradisjon, Edda 94, no.11 (Feb 2007): 3–17.https://doi.org/10.18261/ISSN1500-1989-2007-01-01Bettina Kümmerling-Meibauer P, (Jan 2004): 823–887.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-02952-2_16Pieter Spierenburg The Silent Majority: Popular Culture and Life in Villages and Neighborhoods, (Jan 1991): 48–89.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12787-0_3

Legal Regulation of Family Relationships: An Historical Survey

Since time immemorial the family1 has been regarded as a fundamental social institution within Western cultures. A survey of legal regulation of this institution discloses quite cardinal changes over time—changes which reflect transformations in underlying religious, political and economic organization. Historically, three different periods can be discerned; an early period in which family relationships were regulated by unwritten rules of conduct which in some communities were later codified; a second period characterized by the predominance of the ecclesiastical jurisdiction; and a third or modern period characterized by the rise and continuance of parliamentary sovereignty.