The author characterizes life and creative work of Oleksandr Buchynskyi-Yaskold, who belonged to Chernihiv literature school of the 2ndhalf of the 17thc., headed by Lazar Baranovych, the archbishop of Chernihiv and Novhorod-Siverskyi. Special attention is drawn to the poem “Chyhyryn”, dedicated to hetman Ivan Samoilovych, in which the poet vividly described a historic episode of the fight of cossacks against Turkish forces, who tried to capture the capital of Right-Bank Ukraine, Chyhyryn. The poem is filled with examples of cossacks’ bravery, their military spirit. The historic exactness of described events impressed Samiilo Velychko, a historian of the 17th-18thc., who in his “Chronicle” uses the text of Oleksandr Buchynskyi-Yaskold’s poem in his narrative about the first march of Ottoman Turkish army with Crimean Tatars against Cossacks, who defended Chyhyryn, The combination of two texts in “Chronicle” contributed to more fundamental and exact representation of historical events.