Library Functions Research Articles

WITHDRAWN: Recognition and prevention of cyberharassment in social media using classification algorithms

Cyberbullying is the aggressive pressure or harassment produce through electronic devices like laptops, desktop or computer, smart phones, and tablets. The harassment can occur in the environment of social networking sites, chat rooms, and gaming platforms where people can view and take part in the exchanging of their thoughts. The different kind of cyberbullying or harassment creates the humiliation through hateful comments on digital platforms/apps, or through SMS or messaging. It involves the sending posting, or sharing negative, disgusting, nasty or wrong information about another individual for causing embarrassment and the malicious and unjustified harming of a person's good reputation. Machine learning algorithms give a chance to find successfully predicting, detecting and preventing undesirable, harmful and unwanted opinions of human behavior, such as cyberharassment. It gives the pivotal information on new ways in the way of detecting and preventing antagonistic or violent human behavior, including cyber harassment detection and prevention in online social environmental sites. ML algorithms gives an prospect to completely expect, detect and prevent hurtful attitude of human behavior, such as cyber bullying. A model is proposed to detect and prevent the negative opinion in social media using Classification model algorithms. Profanity detection library function and Natural Language Processing are used to detect and prevent the negative opinions in the social media. This proposed model is helpful for the Government to identify the negative opinions given by the users in the social media and they can take actions. The development of such an application has the ability to stop and reduce the rate of cyberbullying that has been happening social media.

Поиск уязвимостей небезопасного использования помеченных данных в статическом анализаторе Svace

The paper is dedicated to search for taint-based errors in the source code of programs, i.e. errors caused by unsafe use of data obtained from external sources, which could potentially be modified by an attacker. The interprocedural static analyzer Svace was used as a basis. The analyzer searches both for defects in the program and searches for suspicious places where the logic of the program may be violated. The goal is to find as many errors as possible at an acceptable speed and a low level of false positives (< 20-35%). To find errors, Svace with help of modified compiler builds a low-level typed intermediate representation, which is used as an input to the main SvEng analyzer. The analyzer builds a call graph and then performs summary-based analysis. In this analysis, the functions are traversed according to the call graph starting from the leaves. After analyzing the function, its summary is created, which will then be used to analyze the call instructions. The analysis has both high speed and good scalability. Intra-procedural analysis is based on symbolic execution with the union of states at merge points of paths. An SMT solver can be used to filter out infeasible paths for some checkers. In this case, the SMT-solver is called only if there is a suspicion of an error. The analyzer has been expanded to find defects of tainted data using. The checkers are implemented as plugins by using the source-sink scheme. The sources are calls of library functions that receive data from outside the program, as well as the arguments of the main function. Sinks are accessing to arrays, using variables as a step or loop boundary, calling functions that require checked arguments. Checkers covering most of the possible types of vulnerabilities for tainted integers and strings have been implemented. The Juliet project was used to assess the coverage. The false negative rate ranged from 46,31% to 81.17% with a small number of false positives.

Automated 3D scan based CAD-repositioning for design and verification in one-off construction

The presented engineering discipline one-off construction is characterized by a multiplicity of manual processes. As almost all modern product developments, the manufacture is based on the creation and consistent use of digital models. Quality of underlying data can vary greatly and it is not certain that digital models match the actual state of construction. This can result in the need for rework after production or installation. Especially challenging in the area of premium products, for which high quality, scarce materials are used and tight schedules are defined. If physical products are reworked, the corresponding digital models must be manually maintained. At present, attempts are being made to counteract these late adjustments by means of physical mock-ups or visual inspection of 3D scan data. Such scan data is used for automated adaptation of underlying digital models to the actual state of the physical construction. Existing Point Cloud Library functionalities were adapted and further algorithms were designed. The developed software backend was integrated into the existing software architecture. During the software development, great care was taken to ensure that the backend is based on open source content. The results show significant improvements of the data basis for the subsequent engineering activities. This will lead to a significant reduction of manual effort and rework, ensuring development cycles and even shorten delivery times. It reduces costs in the product creation process and sustainably strengthens confidence in digital models used. It has been shown that automation of design processes can have productivity-enhancing effects in one-off construction.

A Protocol for Preventing Transaction Commitment Without Recipient’s Authorization on Blockchain and It’s Implementation

In recent years, blockchain is utilized practically as a distributed secure digital ledger of some sorts of transactions. Blockchain is regarded as one of the most important next generation infrastructure technologies of the financial industry, as well as artificial intelligence and big data. In 2020, cryptocurrencies based on blockchain, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, or XRP, have a value of more than $450 billion in the market capitalization. Furthermore, on blockchains such as Ethereum, transactions can also represent automatic executions of programs, which are called smart contracts. Thus, many institutes in various categories show their positive attitude toward processing financial transactions or non-financial contracts on blockchain. Although many researchers have studied for various types of issues on blockchain, there always exist security and privacy concerns for blockchain. In this paper, we point out a new concern for abusing the publicity of blockchain and also show the possibility of suspicions aroused by the concern. Then we propose a selective mechanism for self-protecting against the approach from crimes or computer viruses on blockchain, whether the disclosure of user's privacy occurs or not. Next, we also propose a concrete implementation of our proposed selective mechanism with two new address types. We aim to incorporate the mechanism in Bitcoin Core, which is the official Bitcoin client software, and using libbitcoin library functions for Bitcoin software development. We show experimental results to estimate overhead costs for processing our proposed address types toward processing the current standard address type in nodes on the peer-to-peer network.

Organizational Flexibility of Academic Libraries in a Vuca Reality: The Example of the Functioning of Libraries During the Covid-19 Epidemic

Thesis / purpose of the article – The aim of the article is to present management solutions used in academic libraries in a changing and unpredictable environment, on the example of the functioning of units during the lockdown period caused by the COVID-19 epidemic, which lasted from March 12 to the beginning of June 2020. Research method – Research was conducted among the directors of Polish academic libraries using an online survey as a research tool. Results and conclusions – The research analysis shows that academic libraries showed considerable organizational flexibility during the lockdown period, especially in terms of changing duties, forming plans “just in time”, extending the scope of services and organizing large-scale remote and rotational work. Some libraries have also changed decision-making processes. This is the first such study of the functioning of academic libraries during the lockdown period.

Polish Academic Libraries in the Face of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Crisis Management and Communication within the Organisation

Thesis/Objective – The developing SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus pandemic, which was announced in March 2020, has had a significant impact on the activities of universities and their academic libraries. The article aims to present the activities of academic libraries at the time of introducing restrictions on their activities and closing for several months to users and reformulating the services they provide, on the example of the Library of the Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT). First of all, attention was paid to how the principles of crisis and problem management were introduced at universities. It was also essential to examine how the changes and management decisions were perceived by the library employees who worked according to the new rules in the indicated period. Research methods – The article is based on the analysis of available scientific publications in Polish on crisis management, especially in the era of epidemiological threats. Legal acts and regulations dealing with both crisis management in general and issued in connection with the announcement of the SARS-CoV2 pandemic were also taken into account. The method of survey research based on a questionnaire was also used. The questionnaire was anonymous, provided to the employees of the GUT Library via e-mail. The respondents provided a printout of the questionnaire with answers to the GUT Library Office. Since the survey was addressed only to employees of one institution, it had a limited record. It aimed to collect the respondents’ opinions on the work of the GUT Library in the period from March 12 to May 24, 2020, when remote work in special conditions was in force. Results and conclusions – A sudden change in the work mode of the GUT Library itself and its employees, a change in tools and forms of services provided, the need to purchase appropriate equipment and personal protective equipment, the introduction of remote work and other factors became the subject of management decisions made during the emerging crisis. These decisions were in line with the applicable guidelines, both the laws and regulations issued at the national level, as well as the policies and recommendations regarding the functioning of libraries issued by various state institutions and the National Library (book quarantine). However, many of the decisions were individual due to the lack of guidelines and benchmarks on which to base. The reason was also the delayed emergence of procedures. A survey conducted among the employees of the Gdańsk University of Technology Library in May 2020, after the employees returned to stationary work, showed that the adopted solutions were well assessed. The results showed that the adopted solutions had a positive impact on the employees’ sense of safety and the work comfort in the period of changing the mode and rules of the Library’s functioning.

Threats to Libraries

Thesis/Purpose of the article – The present multitude of forms of communication requires diversified intermediation and promotion, and these seem now to be now the main functions of libraries. However, the basis of these endeavours is still print. A departure from supporting print media would result in a crisis in librarianship. In mediation there is a need to verify the content and support a critical reception, as well informational as non-informational. Direct services are essential, but so are remote services and the facilitation of interpersonal contacts. Research method – an analysis of the literature allows us to conclude that the overall library offer requires the supply of print media, delivery of digital media, and also the creation of conditions for direct contact between users. Without that, there will be no future for librarianship. Results and conclusions – The advantages of print are: wisdom, reflective concentration, non-informative (fictionalized) freedom. The possible elimination of print is therefore a serious intellectual and emotional threat. The advantages of digital communication are: multi-semioticity, informational; richness and extensive range – while its weaknesses are overinformation, shallow knowledge, and passivity of inspired thinking. Furthermore the related co-presence of smart articles phone users is only an appearance. Therefore, there is a need for the coexistence of print and digital communication and the facilitation of direct contacts between users. Libraries provide all of this in their offer. In turn, any departure from this, even partial, threatens librarianship with a fundamental crisis.

Организация и развитие культурно-просветительской деятельности библиотек-музеев: проблемы и достижения

The essential features of libraries-museums and the peculiarities of their work, as well as the importance of museum activities of libraries in the development of scientific research, preservation and popularization of the national cultural heritage, are revealed. The activity of libraries-museums as innovative memorial and cultural-educational centers is analyzed. The general foundations of the social functioning of libraries and museums are highlighted. The achievements and prospects for the development of the activities of libraries-museums are characterized, in particular, on the examples of the work of these institutions in Ukraine.

“Nice White Meetings”

Although the issues of diversity and representation are often discussed within academic librarianship in Canada and the United States, the field has made little headway in being inclusive of the Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) who work within it. If academic libraries are to become truly authentic and inclusive spaces where BIPOC are central not only to shaping the values of a library but also to determining how those values are accomplished, we must examine the traditional ways in which libraries function. One of these traditions is a reliance on bureaucracy and its associated practices such as structured group work and meetings, which are presumed to be inherently neutral and rational ways of working. Critical examinations of bureaucracy within higher education reveal how its overadoption is absurdly at odds with the social justice–oriented missions of most libraries. Furthermore, not all who are involved in libraries are equally harmed through this overreliance on bureaucracy; this article employs Critical Race Theory to uncover the insidious and specific deleterious impacts bureaucracies can have on BIPOC library workers. The antithesis of a neutral system, bureaucracy instead functions to force assimilation into a system entrenched in whiteness.

New Anticipations of Users from Library and Changing Functions of Librarians Reveals the Need of Curriculum Development of Library and Information Science Courses

New Anticipations of Users from Library and Changing Functions of Librarians Reveals the Need of Curriculum Development of Library and Information Science Courses

User experience with a voice-enabled smartphone app to collect patient-reported outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic disease, requiring frequent patient-provider interaction and self-monitoring. We developed a novel mobile health smartphone app with a voice-enabled feature to help patients virtually track disease activity and ask general questions about RA. With a user-centered design (UCD) approach, we developed a voice-enabled app (VEA) which was then tested in two focus groups of patients (n=8) and one with providers (n=4). Voice enablement and a question and answer (Q & A) library function were previously requested by patients. Based on focus group feedback, the VEA was refined and tested with 26 patients for 56 days. The VEA asked patients to fill in daily patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and complete the trial with a satisfaction survey. Of the 26 patients in the VEA trial, 77% were female and 50% were aged 55 and older. Adherence to daily PROs during the 56-day trial was 66%, with <1% of PROs completed using the voice-enabled feature. PROMIS short forms and RADAI-5 PROs remained stable. Of the 22 satisfaction survey respondents, 86% were satisfied with their overall experience with the app and 18.5% were satisfied with voice enablement. The voice assistant had an 86% success rate at understanding and answering interactions regarding surveys and a 44% success rate regarding Q & A interactions. We developed a novel VEA through a UCD framework and conducted pilot testing. Adherence was moderate and RADAI-5 and PROMIS measures were stable. Based on satisfaction results, PROs may not be the best use of voice enablement technology.

AUTOMATION OF THE READER SERVICE SUBSYSTEM IN THE ELECTRONIC LIBRARY SYSTEM

The purpose of the article is to determine the organizational and methodological aspects of the informational support in the libraries and development of the information subsystems prototype of the electronic library, the main task of which is to ensure the convenient using of documents by employees of the readerservice department (in particular, the reader service department). The methodology uses the modeling method tools: problem statement, creation, and analysis of the model. The application of the principles of integrity,hierarchy, and structure made it possible to consider the informational system as a part of the electronic library. The scientific novelty of the work is to develop a prototype of the informational subsystem for reader service. The appointment of such an information subsystem is to register library readers and distribution ofbooks, services, records of events, and projects organized by the library. The main aspects of the functioning of modern electronic libraries are considered in the article. The author analyzed the tasks to be solved by the complex automation of a modern library. Conclusions. The proposed conceptual model of the informationalsubsystem allows us to take into account the specifics of the library institution and provides quality information that is necessary for the functioning of the system as a whole. The article proves that the purpose of the proposed information subsystem is the full automation of the processes of distribution of books, the document package of activities and projects, reporting, reliable data storage, and document retrieval. The article concludes that the electronic library includes three components: digital, virtual, and the actual electronic library, and forfull information support of modern public libraries, it is expedient to solve the following tasks: introduction of statistical accounting of library readers; establishing and implementing the procedure for providing personalinformation; introduction and use of electronic data processing system.

Algorithm 1014

We develop fast and accurate algorithms for evaluating √x 2 +y 2 for two floating-point numbers x and y . Library functions that perform this computation are generally named hypot(x,y). We compare five approaches that we will develop in this article to the current resident library function that is delivered with Julia 1.1 and to the code that has been distributed with the C math library for decades. We will investigate the accuracy of our algorithms by simulation.

Księgozbiór karmelitów dawnej obserwancji w Sąsiadowicach

The monastery of the Ancient Observance Carmelites in Sąsiadowice, former Przemyśl diocese, had one of the largest Carmelite libraries within the Polish territory in the 19th century. The article aims at the reconstruction of the Sąsiadowice book collection, and description of the library functioning, basing on the preserved archival materials and copies of the books dispersed in the years 1917 and 1946, currently stored in three institutions: the National&nbsp; Ossoliński Institute, the Stefanyk National Science Library in Lviv, and the Carmelites Archive and Library in Cracow.

Digging for fold: synthesis-aided API discovery for Haskell

We present Hoogle+, a web-based API discovery tool for Haskell. A Hoogle+ user can specify a programming task using either a type, a set of input-output tests, or both. Given a specification, the tool returns a list of matching programs composed from functions in popular Haskell libraries, and annotated with automatically-generated examples of their behavior. These features of Hoogle+ are powered by three novel techniques. First, to enable efficient type-directed synthesis from tests only, we develop an algorithm that infers likely type specifications from tests . Second, to return high-quality programs even with ambiguous specifications, we develop a technique that automatically eliminates meaningless and repetitive synthesis results . Finally, we show how to extend this elimination technique to automatically generate informative inputs that can be used to demonstrate program behavior to the user. To evaluate the effectiveness of Hoogle+ compared with traditional API search techniques, we perform a user study with 30 participants of varying Haskell proficiency. The study shows that programmers equipped with Hoogle+ generally solve tasks faster and were able to solve 50% more tasks overall.

“Rumyantsev Readings — 2020”. Research in the Area of Library Science and Book Studies on the Pages of the Conference Proceedings

International scientific and practical conference “Rumyantsev Readings” in 2020 was held in absentia. The Publishing house of the Russian State Library “Pashkov Dom” prepared the conference proceedings in two parts, which included 176 articles. Among the participants of the conference there are specialists from libraries of all levels and different departmental subordination, museums, archives, Universities, scientific research institutes in Russia, Belarus, Great Britain and Kazakhstan. The articles cover a wide range of issues on the theory and practice of library science, bibliography science, book studies, the history of librarianship and library activities at the present time. Considerable part of the reports was prepared under the theme “Libraries in the context of history: private collections and state book repositories”. In the year of the 75th anniversary of the Victory, many researchers turned to the history of libraries during the Great Patriotic War. The conference proceedings include materials about outstanding representatives of librarianship, researchers and collectors, where the authors analyse and evaluate their activities. Traditionally, “Rumyantsev readings” present a large number of works on the disclosure of the collections of libraries and archives, description of stored materials: manuscripts, rare books and book monuments, art editions, maps and printed music. Within the topics of the section “Library classification systems” there are presented the articles devoted to separate sections of Library Bibliographic Classification and general issues of system modernization and implementing it in practice, publication of LBC schedules and the value of its public e-version for the development of classification search and improving efficient use of library collections. Issues related to the current activities of foreign and, primarily, domestic libraries are presented in extremely wide range: from understanding the place of libraries in the modern space of socio-cultural communication and strategic approaches to innovation management to highlighting specific projects under implementation. The reports raise the topics of training future librarians in higher education institutions and improving their skills in future, developing and implementing standards, digitizing library collections, and bibliometric analysis. The article analyses the state of digitalization of scientific — information activities in libraries, presents characteristics of separate online information resources, raises questions on the development of regulatory framework for labour rationing and the formation of the library’s image in social networks and information publications about it. Publication of the proceedings will serve to achieve the main goal of the conference — to draw attention to the issues of preserving and studying the world cultural heritage, problems of functioning of libraries at the present historical stage, search for ways of innovative development, expand cooperation between cultural, educational, scientific institutions and intercultural interaction.

Институты социальной памяти и проблемы перехода к цифровому обществу

The article discusses the problems of transformation of social memory institutions in the context of the transition to a digital society. During the transformation, multidirectional dynamics are revealed, associated with a change in the technological basis, functioning models and social functions of libraries, archives and museums. Along with the strengthening of the role of some of the institutions of social memory as platforms for communication and public dialogue, their integration into the Unified Digital Knowledge Space leads to the expansion of functionality and to the upgrading of the status of social memory institutions in digital society. At the same time, the influence of scientific libraries and centers of scientific and technical information on the processes of knowledge production, its expert evaluation, as well as reflection and control of the dynamics of the formation of digital society can increase.

An examination of electronic resource management in academic libraries in Ghana through the Techniques of Electronic Resource Management (TERMS) framework

The management of electronic resources (ERs) has become a core function of academic libraries and researchers have revealed how academic libraries in developed countries are struggling to successfully manage these resources. The scholarly literature on the management of ERs in libraries has predominantly focused on developed country context. Little research has been conducted on how academic libraries in developing countries are managing their online databases. This paper presents the findings of a study that examines ER workflows and the extent to which ER workflows or the practices of managing online databases in academic libraries in Ghana compare with the Techniques of Electronic Resource Management (TERMS) framework. Data were collected from library staff in two public and two private universities, and consortium executives using semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that although efforts had been made to follow standard procedures, some components of the TERMS framework were absent in the ER workflow in both public and private case libraries while other aspects of the workflow were responsibilities of parties external to the libraries. Opportunities exist for improving ERM practices in academic libraries in Ghana. In particular, by involving users in the selection and assessment of ERs, increasing promotional activities, and improving the documentation of ER workflow. The findings also revealed interconnections between various stages of TERMS. The findings provide a basis from which academic libraries can improve their practices and extends the application and revision of the TERMS framework to an African context.

GENESIS AND FEATURES OF THE FUNCTIONING OF ILLEGAL LIBRARIES IN UKRAINE: HISTORICAL AND SOCIO-POLITICAL FACTORS OF ACTIVITY

Victor Sokolov’s article «Genesis and features of the functioning of illegal libraries in Ukraine: historical and socio-political factors» examined the peculiarities of formation, characteristics and peculiarities of illegal libraries, as well as socio political factors, social conditions and main directions of these collections, mainly in Ukraine. The purpose of the proposed article is to identify and study the characteristics of illegal libraries, study their types, analysis and generalization of information about the peculiarities of the creation and operation of these collections in Ukraine, as well as characteristics of the main forms and directions of their activities. In his work, the author widely used general scientific and historical research methods: comparisons, analogies, deductions, descriptive, analytical, typological methods, as well as historical-comparative, historical-genetic and other methods of scientific research. The author proved that the most developed were the illegal libraries of political organizations and circles, which collected literature from various fields of knowledge, but most of them were publications in the social sciences (history, philosophy, sociology, etc.). Many illegal libraries, including marxist organizations and circles, were interconnected in centralized systems. In terms of the number of books, the funds of some illegal libraries of political organizations can be compared with the funds of public, church-parish, county and township libraries. However, most of them had up to 300 books. However, their activities had a certain impact on the socio-political life of society, on the formation of consciousness, cultural and educational level, mostly, the lower strata of the population. It was found that in the context of police persecution, «employees» of illegal libraries quickly adapted to new circumstances and needs of readers and often changed the forms, methods, principles of work in order to steadily pursue the main line of these collections – to disseminate certain ideas and principles of public life. Illegal libraries often operated under the guise of self-education, literary and artistic, public, women’s, family and leisure, educational and other societies and clubs. In general, they were characterized by the presence of almost all organizational and structural subsystems that had official public libraries: they had a fund of various types of documents, a catalog, a contingent of readers, facilities, library staff and documentation. In illegal libraries, for the first time, active forms and methods of book promotion were born, which were used and researched during communication with users of book collections, whose reading needs were also periodically studied. It was found that illegal libraries, including political organizations and circles, performed both educational and ideological tasks, and organizational (they became organizational centers of political struggle, in particular the premises of illegal libraries were a place of appearances, a point of agitation and propaganda, storage of revolutionary literature, etc.). A study of the history of illegal libraries, in particular, political organizations, educational and cultural-educational societies, proves that certain democratic, progressive elements of library development were formed in their activities, some of which were inherited and developed by domestic library science and practice.

Massification of culture and art on the example of the activity of modern libraries

This article reviews the transformation of book culture in the context of activity of modern libraries, as well as the impact of government cultural policy upon this phenomenon. Special attention is given to the changes in the activity of libraries within the framework of national project &amp;ldquo;Culture&amp;rdquo; and model standard of the activity of public libraries. In The author underlines the transformation of the phenomenon of library, and the result of these processes reflected in blurring the distinctions between the upmarket and mass, and turning the audience into mass &amp;ldquo;consumer&amp;rdquo;. In the course of this research, the author applies functional analysis, dialectical method, and comparative analysis for consideration of the functions of modern library in relation to the historically first forms of their activity. The novelty consists in systemic and nonlinear analysis of the process of transformation of libraries, taking into account incoherence of this process. Emphasis is placed on the transformation of library as a cultural phenomenon, its essence, which leads to the vague understanding of the concept of library, and thus, result, loss of its uniqueness and dysfunction as a sociocultural institution.