Library Functions Research Articles

Modernization of the System of Library Functions in Hybrid Threats Conditions

The aim of the article is to represent the modernization of the system of library functions as a basic concept of activity transformation in conditions of information society and evolution of all its functioning areas in the digitalization epoch.
 Research methods are determined by the goal of the article, and are based on the application of general scientific (cognitive, system analysis, generalization) and special (library science and source science search) methods, including structural and functional, institutional, social and communication approaches.
 Scientific novelty of the study consists in grounding the social and communication approach regarding the research of the library as a social and communication infrastructure, as an integral element of the system of active social communication, and nowadays, as a digital communication in the electronic environment on websites, blogs, social networks, etc.; in modernization of the system of library functions as a basic concept of its activity transformation in conditions of information society and evolution of all its functioning areas in the digitalization epoch.
 Main conclusions. Under the influence of such determining factors as digitalization, globalization and the Russian-Ukrainian war, the transformation of the system of library functions is determined by the socio-political and socio-economic level of development of Ukrainian society. It was the digital era that in conditions of constantly growing information arrays and documentation sources allowed libraries not to lose their position as key institutions in the information and communication structure of society, but to open new opportunities for the national revival of culture, education and science as the basis of the state economic development.
 During the dynamic growth of document creation and document exchange, libraries of Ukraine effectively enrich traditional functions subsystem with new content (educational, general cultural, informational, compensatory, communication, memorial, organizational, educational, cognitive, relaxation, social, value orientation), and successfully realize innovative functions subsystem (educational and advocacy, ensuring free access to the world information space, guidance and counseling, overcoming digital inequality, forming a sustainable interest in reading, collecting documentary evidence of crimes committed by the Russian Federation in relation to objects of cultural heritage of Ukraine), which proves the optimal adaptation of the functioning of Ukrainian librarianship in hybrid threats conditions.

Analisis Fungsi Perpustakaan dalam Pendidikan di Indonesia

The function of the library is as an education center, information center and recreation center and as a medium and means of providing knowledge and insight into science. The aim is to arouse people's interest in reading, encourage the expressiveness and imagination of library users, and provide understanding to users to be able to maintain and care for collections of library materials well. Apart from that, the function of the library is also as a forum for students to increase their interest in reading with the aim of expanding their insight, whether it be religious, scientific or social knowledge, apart from student learning achievements, apart from functioning for students, libraries can also be used by teachers in schools as a place to look for reference material for teaching materials and a place to find solutions to subject matter. The aim of this research is to find out how the library functions in education. The results of the research show that there are several studies which explain that the function of the library is very important for students at the elementary, middle, high school and even at the tertiary level. This can be proven based on the results Researcher interviews with several students stated that with a library students can easily get information, get solutions related to lecture material and a place to translate foreign books.

Dinamika Layanan Perpustakaan di Era Digitalisasi

The existence of a library is essential in maintaining consistent implementation of policies in the education sector. Libraries as facilities and infrastructure for serving literature needs and learning processes to support the nation's intelligent life process. In the current era of digitalization, as a form of progress in information and technology, it has made it easy for readers to search for knowledge quickly. The need for reading sources and literature can be obtained in an instant without leaving the place at the same time. With the easy accessibility of information, data, recordings or perhaps books created by humans digitally, libraries are increasingly becoming a means of obtaining information. When people search for information or knowledge in digital records, the library function is running. Users who obtain information, knowledge and knowledge online require integration and simplification so that users get it with quality and quantity that is valid, accountable and according to the needs of the users themselves. Sources of knowledge or reading are still needed, whether in face-to-face conventional libraries with librarian services or with online media, the web or online library links. Hybridization of the two is still necessary according to the needs and character of the user concerned.

Research on Service Function of Higher Vocational College Library Based on Big Data

As one of the important places for talent training in higher vocational colleges, how to respond to users' needs accurately and quickly by using advanced technologies is the key direction of book management reform in higher vocational colleges. Based on the survey data, this paper analyzes the present situation of the service function of higher vocational college libraries in detail, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on the service function of higher vocational college libraries based on big data, which provides strategic reference for further improving the construction level and service efficiency of libraries.

Utilizing Computational Linguistics Tools for Enhanced Poetic Interpretation

This paper explores the functionalities of Python libraries, such as SpaCy and TextBlob, and pairs them with the ChatGPT-4 to undertake an analytical expedition into the realm of poetry. The study found that Python's tools adeptly handle tokenization, sentiment detection, and semantic analysis but are confined to analyzing specific text within the boundaries of their pre-trained models. In contrast, ChatGPT-4 merges advanced natural language processing (NLP) techniques with state-of-the-art machine learning paradigms, enabling a more comprehensive range of analyses covering thematic, imagery, and contextual dimensions. This fusion of traditional literary methodologies with advanced computational techniques illuminates the prospect of deciphering the nuanced linguistic constructs and profound thematic layers crafted by poets, thus offering layered insights into poetry. Acknowledging the restrictions posed by Python's modular libraries, our study was meticulous in the text selection. The paper analyzes an original poem by the author, performing NLP tasks such as sentiment analysis, emotion and tone detection, and dependency parsing using Python. In comparison, ChatGPT-4 showcases its prowess by not only capturing the surface-level natural imagery within the poem but also highlighting its underlying tribute to national pride and the contemplation it invites on the essence of freedom. The paper concludes by discussing the inherent limitations of Python-based NLP and ChatGPT-4 and suggests future research directions to bridge the gap between human intuition and technological innovation for deeper poetic insights.

Թվանշային գրադարանների ստեղծման անհրաժեշտությունը

The study shows that libraries are structures where the printed materials that have come down to us are preserved to pass on to the next generation. To solve this problem, modern libraries use the opportunities provided by information technologies. Along with the traditional functions of libraries, electronic functions are being formed: electronic registration of the reader, electronic service, electronic search of material, etc. As a result, the quality of service to readers is greatly improved. The character of the librarian is changing. Librarians with knowledge of modern information technologies are required. This is a qualitative step towards the use of arti-ficial intelligence in libraries. The creation of digital libraries becomes necessary. They provide access to material at any time, from any place, and ensure long-term preservation of library collections. The use of open source systems is emphasized. Armenian libraries are actively digiti-zing, using open/free source software. A number of programs are already widely used in Arme-nian libraries, which makes it possible to carry out large-scale digitization works.

Libraries in an era of constant flux: establishing smart libraries in South Africa

Purpose The study aims to draw lessons from other countries and propose a framework for developing smart libraries in transformation in South Africa. The framework will be useful to policymakers and scholars in library and information science. Design/methodology/approach This study used a qualitative approach based on a systematic literature review and the researchers’ experience concerning the transformation of smart libraries in South Africa. The researchers selected databases to access full-text, abstract or full-text linking facilities. The researchers generated the study’s literature review using keywords derived from themes. The keywords used include “smart libraries,” “functions of smart libraries” and “smart library infrastructure,” based on the objectives of the study. Findings The findings reveal that developing smart libraries in South Africa is feasible, but all stakeholders must cooperate and collaborate to create smart libraries. The findings of this study show that South Africa can draw lessons from other countries on the way forward in developing smart libraries. The results indicate that lack of funding, digital infrastructure and technical skills are among the factors inhibiting the development of smart libraries. Originality/value The issue of smart libraries has become a key on the agenda on a global scale, and South Africa is no exception to such developments. This study proposes a framework for developing smart libraries based on lessons learned within and outside South Africa.

Increasing Space for Collections Storing: National Libraries Practice

Library collection development is directly related to the issues of placement, storage and delivery of documents. The eternal storage of the totality of documents that make up the national heritage is one of the functions of national libraries (NL), which solve the problem of placing materials with consideration to their financial and other capabilities.An overview of the successful national libraries’ practice in solving the lack of storage space problem is presented (Library of Congress, British Library, German National Library, National Diet Library of Japan, National Library of France, Royal Library of Sweden, Austrian National Library, National Library of the Czech Republic, Royal Library of the Netherlands). The experience of the Russian State Library in solving this problem is also analyzed.Finding place for growing collections with a tight of storing conditions is a challenge that requires not only constant attention, but also a flexible approach. Various options for solving this problem are being considered: construction of new (including remote) storage facilities; efficient use of existing premises (for example, an implementation of high density storage systems or co-opting of premises built for other purposes — idle exhibition centers functional conversion, etc.); lease of rentable areas.The research is based on the analysis of information from official websites of the national libraries.The appendix presents the results of the NL survey on the following issues: withdrawing of certain categories of materials, dispatching them to depositories; construction of new storage buildings; statistics concerning active use and actual availability of collections.

Smart library themes and elements: A systematic literature review

In recent years, libraries worldwide have been pushing to undergo drastic changes. These transformations impact library functions from traditional to electronic, digital, hybrid, virtual and smart libraries. However, there need to be more studies that systematically examine the elements that contribute to a smart library. Therefore, this article conducted a systematic literature review on the elements contributing to the smart library as a whole rather than focusing on one particular aspect. This study aims to explore the concept of smart libraries, including their essential elements, characteristics and theoretical foundations, to contribute to a deeper understanding of their role in transforming libraries. The review for this study was based on the publication standard and integrated multiple research designs using the review protocol RepOrting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES). For this study, articles were selected from two major databases, Scopus and Web of Science, and a supporting database, Google Scholar. In these databases, 19 related studies were found on elements that comprise a smart library. The study’s search strings excluded publication years to focus on identifying discussions about smart library elements. Results indicated publication dates spanning 2018–2022. Six major themes emerged from the thematic analysis of this review, including smart technology, smart services, smart people, smart governance, smart places and smart buildings. The study makes several significant contributions to practical purposes and the body of knowledge. The results explain how the elements can contribute to a smart library. The influence of ethical values in smart library elements and their contribution to library sustainability should be the subject of future research.

Evolution of Requirements for Library Interior Design in the Context of Digitalisation, Reflecting Public Opinion

The purpose of the article is to determine the evolution of requirements for library interior design under the influence of digitalisation, taking into account the public’s attitude to the role and functions of libraries in the modern world. The research methods are based on a systematic approach to analysing the impact of innovative services on library interior design and public opinion about the role and status of libraries in the information society. It is shown that positive attitudes towards libraries are influenced by the quality of service and the relevance of the information services package, which, in turn, are associated with the functionality of the workspace planning and the library interior design. The survey revealed the public’s requirements for library interior design. The trends in the evolution of library interior design are analysed, taking into account the impact of digitalisation of information services on its requirements. Scientific novelty. The article demonstrates the relationship between the relevance of the package of information library services, the functionality of interior design, and the public positive attitude towards visiting libraries. The evolution of requirements for library interior design is characterised by a list of requirements generated by innovative services and refined by the results of a sociological survey on public attitudes to the functions of modern libraries. Conclusions. The study identified possible trajectories of sustainable development of libraries in the context of digitalisation, when libraries lose their monopoly on access to knowledge. The features of implementing the concept of «well-being of presence» in the design of library interiors using multisensory interaction of light, heat, acoustic, and olfactory environments are considered. It is shown that the implementation of this concept in the practice of managing the functioning of a modern library is based on a combination of architectural and design solutions with distributed «cloud» means of monitoring and managing the «well-being of the presence environment».

Efficiency of remote access services by global libraries

In the context of modern challenges and increasing demand for digital services, questions of remote library work, the use of interactive technologies aimed at the development of education, science, and civil society are quite relevant. The purpose of this study is to explore the global experience of remote access utilization in library activities, the historical peculiarities of the formation and development of distance library services in European and North American countries, the characterization of its effectiveness and prospects for its application in Ukraine. During the research, methods of generalization, comparative, and source analysis were applied. The features of remote access functioning of global libraries are highlighted, its effectiveness, advantages, and disadvantages are revealed. The development of information technologies and their impact on publishing, library attendance, scientific activities, exchange of experience, etc., are characterized. Trends in the development of global libraries are identified. It is established that for most European libraries, the priority direction has become digitization and opening access to books, press, documents, archives. It is found that remote access accelerates scientific research. In the second decade of the 21st century, there is a growth in online visits to library collections. The development of remote services provision by Ukrainian libraries is highlighted, as well as the main trends in this process in the context of the RussianUkrainian war. The importance of copyright protection in the context of remote access provision is disclosed. One of the measures was the introduction of electronic lending (e-lending), which involved receiving payment for the use of copyrighted materials. It is found that remote access to library databases will face a number of challenges related to copyright protection. The results of this study have practical value for libraries, research institutions, educational institutions, local government bodies in the context of implementing remote access to sources, materials, and books. The research materials are important for further scientific research in information and library science, document and information communications, public administration, and administration

Study on Two-Dimensional Exit Pupil Expansion for Diffractive Waveguide Based on Holographic Volume Grating

Diffraction gratings are becoming a preferred option for waveguide head-mounted in–out coupling devices due to their flexible optical properties and small size and light weight. At present, diffraction waveguide coupling devices for AR head-mounted displays (HMD) have difficulties such as a long development cycle and complicated processing. In this paper, we first establish a set of two-dimensional (2D) grating ray tracing models, based on which we determine the initial architecture of the dual-region two-dimensional exit pupil expansion (2D-EPE) AR-HMD holographic waveguide diffraction system. Second, we propose a honeycomb coupled grating array and optimize the optical energy utilization and brightness uniformity of the holographic waveguide and use a custom dynamic linked library (DLL) function to implement the ray tracing of the 2D grating and add a probabilistic splitting function to the DLL, which reduces the single simulation time from 11.853 min to 1.77 min. We also propose a holographic lithography device composed of holographic optical elements (HOEs) and a method for preparing HOEs. Finally, in order to obtain the diffraction efficiency preoptimized by the above DLL for the uniformity of the exit pupil brightness and light energy utilization, we inverse design with the preparation process parameters as the optimization variables and develop the adaptable electromagnetic calculation program Holo-RCWA. Using Holo-RCWA with nondominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II), we inverse design to obtain the process parameters satisfying the diffraction efficiency distribution, and the optimization time of the whole system is reduced from 2–3 days to 10 h. This work is of great significance for AR/VR applications.

Design and Implementation of a Book Borrowing Management System Based on Intelligent Recommendation Algorithm

A library is an institution that collects and organizes book materials for people to read and reference. The design of this system is aimed at information-based management of the library's borrowing function, enabling it to achieve the practical goal of improving the work efficiency of administrators. The book borrowing management system in this article adopts a B/S architecture, PHP language, and MySQL database. The administrator of this system can manage the library's book information, reader information, and borrowing and returning information; Readers and users can query book information, modify personal information, and report the loss of their own documents. Unlike general book borrowing management systems, this system uses intelligent recommendation algorithms to recommend books to readers based on their borrowing records. The article provides a detailed introduction to the technical architecture used in the development of the system, as well as a description of various functions of the system. It also studies the functional requirements, usage process, architecture, and database table design of the book borrowing management system.

Social media, academic libraries and their cultural functions

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how social media can be an effective tool for academic libraries to support their communities in the digital environment and relay information about their cultural functions. Design/methodology/approach This paper involves a literature review to discuss the implementation of academic libraries’ cultural functions through social media account. This paper also observes some academic libraries’ accounts that use social media to carry out their cultural functions. Findings Social media provides opportunities for academic libraries in performing and developing their cultural functions. Academic libraries already use social media to deliver and communicate their cultural functions. However, some challenges might arise and necessitate a review of the library’s resources and the skills of library professionals. Originality/value This paper fills the lack of empirical studies analyzing the implementation of academic libraries’ cultural functions through social media accounts and contributes to the literature about the cultural functions of libraries in the digital environment. This paper can help those academic libraries wanting to leverage, bring innovation and increase their cultural functions in the digital environment through their social media accounts.

Real-Time Implementation of a Frequency Shifter for Enhancement of Heart Sounds Perception on VLIW DSP Platform

Auscultation of heart sounds is important to perform cardiovascular assessment. External noises may limit heart sound perception. In addition, heart sound bandwidth is concentrated at very low frequencies, where the human ear has poor sensitivity. Therefore, the acoustic perception of the operator can be significantly improved by shifting the heart sound spectrum toward higher frequencies. This study proposes a real-time frequency shifter based on the Hilbert transform. Key system components are the Hilbert transformer implemented as a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter, and a Direct Digital Frequency Synthesizer (DDFS), which allows agile modification of the frequency shift. The frequency shifter has been implemented on a VLIW Digital Signal Processor (DSP) by devising a novel piecewise quadratic approximation technique for efficient DDFS implementation. The performance has been compared with other DDFS implementations both considering piecewise linear technique and sine/cosine standard library functions of the DSP. Piecewise techniques allow a more than 50% reduction in execution time compared to the DSP library. Piecewise quadratic technique also allows a more than 50% reduction in total required memory size in comparison to the piecewise linear. The theoretical analysis of the dynamic power dissipation exhibits a more than 20% reduction using piecewise techniques with respect to the DSP library. The real-time operation has been also verified on the DSK6713 rapid prototyping board by Texas Instruments C6713 DSP. Audiologic tests have also been performed to assess the actual improvement of heart sound perception. To this aim, heart sound recordings were corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise, crowded street noise, and helicopter noise, with different signal-to-noise ratios. All recordings were collected from public databases. Statistical analyses of the audiological test results confirm that the proposed approach provides a clear improvement in heartbeat perception in noisy environments.

Automated library mapping approach based on cross‐platform for mobile development programming languages

AbstractContextThe most popular mobile platforms, Android and iOS, are traditionally developed using native programming languages—Java and Kotlin for Android, and Objective‐C followed by Swift for iOS, respectively. Due to their popularity, there is always a demand to convert applications written for one of these two platforms to another. Cross‐platform mobile development is widely used as a solution where an application is written once and deployed on multiple platforms written in several other programming languages. One common cross‐platform approach that has been used recently by some research groups is the Trans‐Compilation approach. They focus on translating a program written in iOS into Android or vice versa. The main problem with their solutions is that library function mapping is not generalized and usually functions constitute most of the parts of any program.ObjectiveThis study aims to introduce an automatic library mapping approach for mobile programming languages.MethodA library function of a source language will be automatically mapped to a corresponding function of the destination language by using the function structure for the two languages. The function structure includes the library to which the function belongs, the return type, parameter types, and the number of parameters. To test our approach, we map from Swift to Java.ResultsThe results of our experiments show that our automatic library mapping approach achieves an average accuracy of 83.6% when tested on the most used libraries and outperforms current state‐of‐the‐art mapping techniques in terms of mapping accuracy.ConclusionThese findings show that our automatic mapping approach is promising and can help to overcome the limitations of the trans‐compilation approaches.

The role of digital technologies in improving library and information communication: Trends and challenges

The relevance of the study is driven by the rapid development of digital technologies and their significant impact on all areas of life, including the library and information field. Digital resources and online services are increasingly displacing traditional printed media, necessitating the transformation of libraries to maintain their relevance and competitiveness. The aim of the research is to examine the impact of digital technologies on the library and information field, identify their potential, and identify challenges arising during this transformative transition. Various methods were employed during the study, allowing for a deep and comprehensive understanding of the process of digital transformation in the library and information field. The application of a comprehensive methodological approach, which included literature analysis and the involvement of various sources of information, enabled a thorough investigation of the issues. Comparative analysis of approaches allowed for objective conclusions and recommendations regarding the optimal implementation of digital innovations in this field. The research results indicate promising opportunities for using digital technologies to optimize communication and expand user capabilities. Key aspects of the impact of digital technologies on the library and information field were identified, highlighting their importance in the context of the modern information landscape. Trends and challenges associated with digital innovations were analyzed, revealing significant changes in the functioning of libraries and the transformation of their role. The question of the adequacy of libraries to modern requirements and the need to develop development strategies were raised. It was clarified that the further development of the library and information field will be determined by prioritizing digital innovations and flexible adaptation to changes in the information environment. The conclusions and recommendations obtained have practical significance for contemporary librarians, drawing their attention to the importance of adapting to the digital environment. Considering the dynamics of the information society, the focus on preparing librarians to use advanced technologies determines their successful adaptation to new challenges

Checkerboard corner detection method based onneighborhood linear fitting.

To improve the calibration accuracy of a vision measurement system, a checkerboard corner detection method based on linear fitting of the checkerboard local contour is proposed. First, by binarization and morphological dilation of the checkerboard image, the coordinates of two adjacent vertices of adjacent dark squares are obtained; the midpoint of the two vertices is taken as the reference point; the reference dotted array is obtained; and the Zernike moment subpixel method is used to obtain the checkerboard contour data points in the neighborhood of each reference point. Finally, the contour points are classified according to the orientation based on the reference points; two intersecting lines are fitted; and the intersection of the two lines is exactly the corner point that we want to find. A camera calibration experiment was conducted on the same group of checkerboard images. The results show that the calibration results of the corner points obtained based on this method are highly consistent with the OpenCV library function method and the MATLAB Toolbox calibration method, and the reprojection error is smaller. At the same time, it is robust to changes in the light source brightness.

Hidden Public Services

Libraries organize themselves into various departments reflecting their operations and the functional role of individual staff members. Traditionally, most libraries have defined forward facing services as public service. This understanding has often excluded those staff working within a technical services department (acquisitions, cataloging, eresource management), web design, digital services from viewing themselves as providing a public service. The authors analyze library functions in eresource management, licensing, metadata, and accessibility services to underscore the importance of understanding the shared nature of library work such that all staff in the library are seen to be working to promote the connection between patrons and resources, and thus have a connection to each patron who uses the library. By analyzing functional roles and sharing knowledge, libraries can enhance their organizational alignment to support patrons more holistically by broadening the definition of public services. The article emphasizes the necessity of ongoing communication, understanding, and the adoption of a values-based approach toward organizational culture and functioning.

Avaliação de métodos de transformação para comparações de grupos sobre pressupostos violados: taxa de erro tipo I e poder do teste

ABSTRACT In this study, some transformation methods that are applied when the assumptions of analysis of variance are not met are evaluated in terms of type I error rate and the test power, under circumstances with different distributions, number of groups, number of observations, variance ratios, and different standard deviation differences. The data set used in the study consisted of random numbers generated from N (0,1), and χ2(3) distributions using the random function of the Numpy library in the Python programming language. The logarithmic, square root and root transformations were evaluated on ANOVA based on simulation combinations. It was observed that the transformation techniques of taking the square root after adding 0.5 and 0.375 to the data were relatively more reliable compared to other transformations in terms of type I error rate. However, in every case, type I error rate determined at the beginning of the experiment increased both before and after the transformation was applied. In particular, interestingly, the third and fourth degree root transformations gave better results of test power in the right skewed distribution. In addition, we compared the transformation techniques in question to determine the normality of the data and the homogeneity of variances by a real data.