Functions Of Medical Institutions Research Articles

Goal orientation: rethinking the healthcare system of Ukraine

The functioning of the health care system is undergoing reform, which requires a detailed study of its formation and functioning at the current stages. The authors conduct an analysis of the organizational structure of the health care system, including levels of management, medical facilities, funding, and human resources. The article examines the organization of management levels in the health care system of Ukraine, including the Ministry of Health, regional and local governing bodies, and medical institutions at the level of cities, villages, and regions. The role and functions of each level of management, their interaction and responsibility in regulating and coordinating the activities of the health care system are described. The financing of the health care system in Ukraine is also analyzed, including sources of financing, mechanisms for the distribution of funds, financial stability, and challenges faced by the health care financing system in the country. The article examines in detail the organization and functioning of medical institutions in the health care system of Ukraine, including hospitals, polyclinics, dispensaries and other medical institutions. The authors describe the role and functions of various medical institutions, their interaction and the organization of the provision of medical services at different levels of the health care system. In addition, the personnel potential of the healthcare system of Ukraine is considered, including personnel resources, training and qualification of medical personnel. Describes the role of medical personnel in the health care system, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and other health workers. Challenges and prospects in the field of development of personnel potential of the health care system in Ukraine are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the challenges and prospects of reforming the health care system in Ukraine, including the role of regulation, financing, organization of medical facilities, and development of personnel potential. The authors draw conclusions about the need for further efforts to improve the functioning of the health care system in Ukraine, in particular by expanding access to medical services, improving the quality of medical care, effective use of financial resources, and development of human resources.

Bibliometric analysis of research of the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system of the world

The paper emphasizes the importance of human health as the most valuable, most important resource at the individual and national level, affecting the country’s socio-economic development and competitiveness. It states that it is necessary for the actors ensuring the public health system to form a new concept for the functioning of the health system, taking into account the current state of public health, the functioning of medical institutions, and the resource support of the healthcare industry. The primary purpose is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of scientific publications dealing with the global behavioral and social dimension of the public health system. The systematization of literary achievements and approaches to solving this problem has been carried out, which indicates the need for proper attention and high-quality, conceptual, international research by world scientists on issues related to the state and level of public health, satisfaction with the healthcare system. The relevance of the analysis of research on the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system of the world implies that the further development of the healthcare industry necessitates research, intensive development, and dissemination of available scientific and methodological international experience in solving this issue of the public health system in different countries worldwide. The research consisted of four stages. A map of the interrelationships of key concepts with other scientific categories has been constructed; a content-contextual study of the constructed blocks of bibliometric analysis has been implemented; an inter-cluster analysis has been carried out. A map of the interrelationships of the key concepts under study with other scientific categories has been constructed, reflecting the dynamics in the form of a contextual-time block; the evolutionary-time prospects of the study have been determined. A geographically extensive map of the scientific bibliography of the categories under study has been constructed; the spatial component of the study has been analyzed. A territorially branched map of the spatio-temporal dimension of the category under the study in dynamics has been constructed. The methodological tools of the research are theoretical (grouping, abstraction, synthesis) and empirical methods (observation, description), research methods, services of the Scopus information platform, and VOSViewers tools.1.6.15. The study was conducted based on the publications indexed by the Scopus database for 2000-2020. The objects of research were the following scientific categories: “health care system, medical services, behavioral aspect, social aspect,” the countries United States, Germany, Norway, Greece, United Kingdom, Australia, Canada, India, Netherlands, China, Brazil, Switzerland, Denmark, Belgium, Iran, Japan, Italy, Spain, because these two groups of objects allowed to conduct two-directional analysis of the problem under study. The results of the bibliometric analysis presented in the paper showed that the aspect of the behavioral and social dimension of the public health system was relatively young and insufficiently developed; the attention of the scientific community for a long time on this issue was mainly concentrated in the United States and the United Kingdom. China, Iran, and Japan were less involved in this process at an earlier time interval, but this research became relevant for them in recent years. The study results can be used to identify the most potential priority areas for forming the policy and strategy of the state health system, based on determining the main significant, modern, relevant characteristics of the healthcare industry.

On the issue of Moscow health care reforms: a review of publications

The article presents review of scientific publications from databases of CyberLeninka and RSCI related to Moscow health care reforms within the framework of the Moscow State program "The Development of Moscow health care (Metropolitan health care) for 2012-2020". The analysis established that during reforms positive shifts in Moscow health care system occurred, expressed by significant improvement in material and technical base of institutions, implementation of new diagnostic and treatment technologies, increasing of salary of medical workers, implementation of information technologies. However, the Moscow health care system continues to encounter challenges from problems related to staffing (especially the district service), high workload of medical personnel, insufficient level of motivation and low level of qualifications of medical workers. The implemented system of general medical practice did not contribute into strengthening the role of district physician as coordinator of patient flows. The fragmentation and lack of continuity in functioning of health care institutions remains too. The hospital-replacing technologies, designed to compensate reduction in beds, have not received development in primary health care. because of lacking of economic incentives for institutions and low tariffs. The serious problems associated with shortcomings in organization of functioning of medical institutions are established that requires further improvement of methods of analyzing functioning of medical institutions and organizational activities at all levels, considering effectiveness of activities implemented.

ШЛЯХИ УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ У МЕДИЧНИХ ЗАКЛАДАХ

The object of this research is ways to improve management in primary care facilities and the effectiveness of its application in practice. The methodology of the research is based on theoretical and methodological analysis of the scientific literature. One of the factors of sustainable development of Ukraine is to ensure the proper health of its citizens. The health care system and the health care market play an important role. Unfortunately, Ukraine's health care system is not in good condition. The reasons for this are the low level of funding, resource and legal support, disparities in its structure. The results of this research allow us to present the essence of the economic category "management in medical institutions" as a comprehensive system of indicators that reflect the compliance of the achieved results with the established norms in the purpose and objectives of institutions, as well as the interests of heads of institutions. The research found out that the implementation of management requires four basic components: planning (strategic and operational), organization (change of structure and ability to manage it), motivation (staffing and efficiency), control (general study of the implementation of strategic goals and objectives in the medical institution). The research found that today the management of medical institutions in Ukraine is quite outdated, requires the introduction of new technologies and not only technical support but also human resources. To improve the scope of control and management for health care facilities, it is necessary to create sufficient information and communication support, as well as staffing. It is proved that improving the functioning of medical institutions is not possible without the introduction of effective management.

Состояние медицинских учреждений и проблемы здоровья населения в период позднего сталинизма (на материалах Актюбинской области Казахской ССР)

The relevance of the topic of the research is conditioned by the necessity to reflect in the historical science the peculiarities of development of the Soviet public health care in the conditions of the postwar reconstruction. The func-tioning of medical institutions in the postwar period took place in difficult conditions not only in the liberated territory, but also in the rear regions, as the consequences of the Great Patriotic War for the country and all the peoples of the former Soviet Union were enormous. Currently, Russian and Kazakh historiography lacks comprehensive studies on this issue, and the available works are mostly fragmentary in nature. The purpose of the research is to study the problems of medical and sanitary-preventive institutions, the state of health of the population of the Aktobe region of the Kazakh SSR in the post-war years. Objectives: on the basis of the documents of the State Archive of Aktobe region to analyze problems such as the shortage of medical personnel in the region, poor material - technical support and poor sanitary condition of medical institutions, to assess the extent of the spread of various infectious diseases, especially among the rural population. Methodology. The source base of the research includes published materials and archive documents. In the work were used scientific methods, typical for historical research: historical-genetic, comparative-historical. Results. The study showed that in general the state of medical institutions during the late Stalinism period in the territory of Aktobe region was unsatisfactory. The study of published sources and archival documents allowed us to reveal the real picture of the need and scarcity in the hospital institutions in the postwar years, as well as to assess the government attempts to reform the system of outpatient and polyclinic institutions. Conclusion. Deterioration of public health, which resulted in a decrease in the birth rate and increased mortality, arose as a result of the Great Patriotic War. Low provision of equipment, medical instruments contributed to the decline in the quality of medical care. The results of the study can serve as a basis for further study of the problem of development and organization of health care in the Kazakh SSR in the postwar period.

Servants in Russian Zemstvo Hospitals in the Second Half of the XIX – Early XX Centuries

The article studies professional structure and position of the service staff of zemstvo (county) hospitals in post-reform Russia. The relevance of the subject arises from the lack of historical research aimed at studying such a group of employees of zemstvo hospitals as servants. Recognizing the importance of this category of workers for the effective functioning of medical institutions, as well as fragmentary coverage of this topic in Russian historiography, the author sets the goal of studying the zemstvo hospital serving staff in Russia in the 1860s – 1900s. The study is based on a wide range of sources, including financial reports of the hospitals, proceedings of the county sessions, medical congresses. These sources contain information on the material situation, living conditions and activities of the servants. Using the methods of social history and everyday life history, an analysis of the main characteristics of this group of medical institutions staff is carried out. As a result, the professional categories of servants, existing during the period under review were identified: they include nurses, servants/maids, cooks, watchmen, laundresses, stokers, etc. The article characterizes the serving staff of the hospitals. Moreover, the study observes material factors, such as salaries and living conditions of employees, which were one of the most critical problems for both employees and employers. Low salary, lack of acceptable working and living conditions, implementation of a wide range of functions that often go beyond direct duties – all this made the servants’ position in zemstvo hospitals extremely unfavorable. This could not but affect hospitals organization, the quality of patient care and keeping conditions. Contemporaries drew attention to the existing problems by raising these issues at the county meetings and doctors’ congresses, calling for better work and living conditions for the servants. However, no significant changes or improvements were made in the post-reform period. Keywords: servants, service staff, zemstvo hospitals, history of medicine, Russian Empire

The Analysis of Causes of Dissatisfaction of Patients with Medical Care Based on Appeals of Citizen and Independent Evaluation of Quality of Medical Services by Medical Organizations

The article presents the main approaches to analysis of the causes of the patients' dissatisfaction with medical care based on the appeals of citizen and independent assessment of medical care quality in medical institutions of various levels. The results of evaluation of web-sites testify good results of functioning of medical institutions. The number of sound complaints of citizen on inadequate medical care services in particular medical organizations continues to be high. The main causes of patients' dissatisfaction with medical care are analyzed.

Analysis of Factors that will Ensure Effective Health Care Delivery System

Abstract In order to analyze factors that support effective health care delivery system, this study aimed to research general public's perception on the functions of medical institutions(based on the levels of treatment: primary care, secondary care, and tertiary care), choices of medical institution when contracted with an unfamiliar disease, and recognition of diseases based on their severities. We collected data using self-administered survey from 400 general public living in Seoul, S. Korea from April 25 to May 18, 2011. The analysis was conducted using frequency analysis, chi-square test, and t-test; we analyzed the data to see if there are differences based on gender, age, and level of education. The result of both recognition of functional differences of medical institutions and selection of medical institutions when contracted with unfamiliar diseases showed that there were no significant differences based on the gender; however there were significant differences when considering the age and education. Looking at the result of the knowledge of the disease classification based on its severity, there were significant differences in age, gender, and education. In order to provide sustainable and effective health care delivery system, utilization of primary care as well as education and promotion regarding the functional differences of medical institutions and classification of disease based on its severity need to be encouraged.