Full Opportunity Research Articles

Empirical Study of Entrepreneurship in Tijarah Concept

Economic activities including production, distribution and consumption are one of the ways humans meet their daily needs. Economic development is inseparable from the three economic activities, development is a multidimensional process that involves fundamental changes in social structures, social behavior and institutions. So, people can participate in the economy by creating full employment opportunities, everyone has the same abilities (equal productivity, equal access), and each behaves rationally (efficient). This study examines the Islamic economic view of the concept of entrepreneurship with an empirical literature approach, to explore the concept of entrepreneurship according to the tijarah concept contained in the Qur'an. In this study it can be understood that Islam views entrepreneurial activities as part of the work recommended in Islam to meet human economic needs. Entrepreneurial activity in Islamic view uses the equivalent of the word tijarah, there are provisions in Islam regarding the limitations that can be carried out in economic activity. Entrepreneurship that is driven by natural values ​​will become an economic activity that will be calculated before Allah, because Allah actually sees and takes into account what is done, including in economic activities

ROLE OF LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTERS IN THE PROVISION OF INFORMATION RESOURCES AND SERVICES FOR GENDER EQUALITY IN NIGERIA

Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to identify the contemporary challenges confronting Nigerian libraries and information centres in this aspect of human endeavour and the diverse ways in which libraries, information centres and other organisations promote gender activities and equality are identified.
 Methodology: The paper is a position paper that recommends the best resources and services that libraries and information centres should provide to promote gender equality. Sources of data for this work comprise of primary, secondary data such as reports and books and personal observation by the researcher
 Finding: The result found out that gender equality acknowledges that irrespective of gender, everyone gets equal opportunity to live a fulfilled life. Women and girls have the right and are entitled to full and equal opportunities, which cover all aspects of human endeavor. Like their male counterparts, they are entitled to be free from all forms of discrimination. However, Nigerian women, like many women in Africa, are deprived socially, economically and politically in relation to their male counterparts. The paper is an opinion paper.
 Unique contribution to theory and practice: The libraries need to create enabling environments for discussing issues that concern women and girls, and provision of resources and services that promote their peculiar and specific interests and rights, such as combating discriminatory practices and stereotypes.

Identifying the need and potential of ecotourism in Nainital, India

Nainital is a famous tourist destination of India, attracting hundreds of both domestic and foreign tourists every year. Some of the important places in the district are Nainital City, Hanumangarhi, Haldwani, Kaladhungi, Ramnagar, Bhowali, Ramgarh, Mukteshwar, Bhimtal, Sattal and Naukuchiatal. However, Nainital also faces an unsure future, near-stripped of its natural heritage, invaded by vested interests. Moreover, it is converting into concrete jungles. There is an urgent need to embrace conservation of natural resources and to conserve and cherish the value of local traditions, customs and cultural heritage. Thus, ecotourism has a huge potential to attract tourists to Uttarakhand State without destroying or degrading the natural or cultural assets that the visitor has come to see. The primary data was collected using questioners filled mainly by tourists, chief executives, senior managers, mangers and other staff of the organizations. Statistical tools were used to analyze data. In addition, secondary data was taken from the various journals, books and research papers. It was revealed that ecotourism would provide employment and business opportunities to trained individuals of the state. Accordingly, conservation management and tourism activities may provide equitable, social and cultural benefits to men and women of Nainital community through education, training and creation of full time employment opportunities.

Achieving Gender Equality Through Electoral Participation Of Women: A Case Study Of 2005, 2010 And 2015 Assembly Elections In Patna (India)

United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 5 advocates for the promotion of gender equality. It ensures women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision making in politics. Females have a right to vote in elections, be elected to government office, serve on boards, and make their voices heard in any process that will ultimately affect them, their families, and their communities. Investing women’s right to political participation is a necessary step to achieve global gender equality and democratic governance.The paper aims to analyze the spatio- temporal participation of women in assembly elections of 2005, 2010 and 2015 in Patna District, to find out association between women’s literacy levels and voting among women in the study area, and to identify motivational and situational constraints of women’s participation in electoral process. For the present study, Patna district has been selected as the study area. The author adopted questionnaire survey and key informant interviews as a means for data collection. The growing participation of women in elections indicates a silent movement of women empowerment. It is found that there is a rising trend in the voting participation of women in the study area. Both literate and illiterate groups are conscious about their voting rights.

Peer review declaration

All papers published in this volume of IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering have been peer reviewed through processes administered by the Editors. Reviews were conducted by expert referees to the professional and scientific standards expected of a proceedings journal published by IOP Publishing.• Type of peer review: Double-blind• Conference submission management system: Easy-Chair• Number of submissions received: 329• Number of submissions sent for review: 329• Number of submissions accepted: 220• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): 66.86%• Average number of reviews per paper: 3• Total number of reviewers involved: 100• Any additional info on review process: (We strictly followed plagiarism policy within 20% upper limit under 10 words count Excluding references) We have taken Easy Chair system for handling of conference papers. Procedure we have adopted for review of papers: I. On receiving of papers, we first checked it for its similarity index and format along with its compatibility with conference theme at editor’s level.II. When papers satisfy these criteria, 2-3 reviewers were assigned for peer review.III. After receiving comments of reviewers based on recommendations, further decision was taken:(a) If two reviewers strongly accepted with some modifications, notification of provisional acceptance sent to authors for correction.(b) If one reviewer strongly accepted but another reviewer rejected, papers was send for another reviewer(c) If two reviewer rejected the paper, it was normally rejected on the basis of final decision of Editors.Authors were given full opportunity to revise the manuscript according to review comments. For All accepted papers, authors were asked to submit Camera ready paper for final submission and publication in IOP materials Proceedings in required format.• Contact person for queries: Sujit Kumar Verma Email: sujit.verma@gla.ac.in : +91-9557831312 Naveen Kumar Gupta Email: naveen.gupta@gla.ac.in : +91-9557705108

МЕТОДИКА РОЗПОДІЛУ СИЛ МІЖ ЕЛЕМЕНТАМИ ОПЕРАТИВНОГО ШИКУВАННЯ ЗВЕДЕНОГО ЗАГОНУ МІНІСТЕРСТВА ВНУТРІШНІХ СПРАВ

В статті обґрунтована актуальність обраного напряму дослідження, яка полягає у існуванні невідповідності між потребою у проведенні розподілу сил між елементами оперативного шикування зведеного загону Міністерства внутрішніх справ та недосконалістю науково-методичного апарату, який би дозволив зробити це достатньо обґрунтовано. Визначено, що одним із шляхів подолання вказаної невідповідності є розроблення інструменту механізму державного управління силами цивільного захисту у вигляді методики розподілу сил між елементами оперативного шикування зведеного загону Міністерства внутрішніх справ, який створюється для участі у ліквідації наслідків епідемії (пандемії). Авторами підкреслено, що зазначена методика має дозволяти проводити розподіл сил між елементами оперативного шикування зведеного загону на основі визначення важливості, терміновості та пріоритетності виконання поставлених завдань. В роботі проведений аналіз останніх досліджень і публікацій за тематикою дослідження. Результати проведеного аналізу дозволяють стверджувати, що існуючий науково-методичний апарат міг бути корисним для вирішення часткових завдань дослідження, утім не давав цілковитої можливості щодо розподілу сил між елементами оперативного шикування зведеного загону Міністерства внутрішніх справ на основі важливості, терміновості та пріоритетності виконання поставлених завдань. Зазначено, що при проведенні дослідження були використані наступні методи дослідження: вивчення літератури та документів, аналіз, узагальнення, прогнозування, вивчення та узагальнення досвіду, метод (матриця) Ейзенхауера, метод експертних оцінок, метод апріорного ранжирування, метод (коефіцієнт конкордації) Кендалла, багатокритеріальна оптимізація. В статті представлена блок-схема методики розподілу сил між елементами оперативного шикування зведеного загону Міністерства внутрішніх справ, який створюється для участі у ліквідації наслідків епідемії (пандемії), і наведені приклади розподілу завдань за категоріями на основі важливості та терміновості їх виконання, а також ранжирування зазначених завдань за пріоритетністю виконання.

Reverence for the Past Will Often Ensure the Success of the Future

As this is our first virtual New England Surgical Society meeting with obvious time constraints, we had to eliminate some of the traditional aspects of the meeting and shorten others. This was done to allow the scientific session presenters, often residents, fellows, and new members, the full opportunity to make their presentations in front of the membership and guests. Therefore, the presidential address, which often is a 45- to 50-minute oration has been shortened by the Program Committee, and rightfully so, to a 10- to 15-minute President’s Message.

Return to Reason: Reigning in Runaway Due Process Claims

Abuse, Article 18, China Jaguar, Due Process, Full Opportunity, International Arbitration Act, Reasonable Opportunity, Singapore Menon, UNCITRAL Model Law, UNCITRAL Model Rules

Inter relation between primary, secondary, higher education in terms of online and traditional teaching

“As education changes the way we learn, create, innovate. Education is no exception”. Education that comes with different stages of learning i.e. Primary education, secondary education, higher education. Traditional teaching plays pivotal role in primary stage of elementary schools where toddlers from 5 to 7 years enrolled themselves. Traditional teaching methods provide enriched environment, academic simulation and socialization. Traditional teaching prepares children emotionally, mentally, physically for higher and e learning methods. Combination of these methods allow students to think beyond textbooks and futuristic application of technology and scientific mindsets. Secondary education focusses on mental and intellectual attitude of children henceforth online and traditional guides them to develop all the necessary skills and prepare them for higher education. In higher education online methods already has gained immense popularity and benefits to those who pursuing higher education via online teaching method. Providing e internship, full time job opportunity, planning according to their schedule making education more conducive to leaning. The only moto of both the methods used is to provide equality in education so that it is accessible to everyone achieving goals of right to education.

Excessive Mentoring? An Apprenticeship Model on a Robotics Team

Participation on a robotics team affords students the opportunity to learn science and engineering skills in a competition-based environment. Mentors on these robotics teams play important roles in helping students acquire these skills. This study used an apprenticeship learning theory to examine how mentors on one high school robotics team contributed to students attaining the knowledge associated with designing and building a robot for competition. How active of a role did mentors play on their competition-based robotics team? How did mentors and students together handle the challenges they faced? The mentor-student interactions detailed in the research revealed an apprenticeship model where mentors played leadership roles reluctant to move beyond modeling tasks to students. The mentors’ roles bring into question if they were granting their students the full opportunities to develop skills associated with working on a robot. Despite these developmental concerns, the students on the team gradually took up simple tasks working side-by-side mentors, saw expert engineers model professional habits, and expressed being inspired while contributing to a winning team.

Enhancement of economic status through Entrepreneurship - A case analysis in honey processing

Over 70 per cent of India’s population lives in rural areas and depends on agriculture for their livelihood. Due to reduction in generation of income from agriculture sector, the rural population has led to migration. It can be controlled by generating meaning full employment opportunities in rural areas through encouraging entrepreneurial activities. The present study was conducted to know whether the economic condition of trainees have enhanced after attending training on honey processing at Rural Technology Park, National Institute of Rural Development-Panchayat Raj (NIRD and PR), Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The trainees’ occupational status and monthly income has been enhanced after training from 10 to 40 per cent of self-employment and 15-50 per cent of income has increased, respectively. From the study it can be deduced that purchasing power of the people risesby proposing income generating opportunities to the people in villages.

An assessment of nutritional status of pre-school children enrolled under Anganwadi centre: An analytical approach and report

Every child has the right to get affection, love and understanding, adequate nutrition and medical care free education and full opportunity for play and recreation, as the constitution of India upholds these rights and provides guarantee to protect the children from any sort of exploitation. The government of India launched the scheme of “Integrated Child Development Services” popularly knows as ICDS on October 2, 1975 with the assistances of UNICEF to tackle the problem in an integrated manner and to meet the challenge. The grass level of ICDS is Anganwadi and centre, is run by the Anganwadi workers. An angnawadi worker is the main functional unit and head of the center. Food in adequate quantity and quality is probably the most important factor affecting health and nutritional status. Due to the insufficient supply of diet majority of infants are suffering from protein energy and, thus have been associated with malnutrition. A statistical approach has been made to assess the nutritional status of pre-school children with the age group of 0-6 years of urban slum and rural of Samastipur district under ICDS scheme.

The 'True and Full' Opportunity Costs Of Non-Compliance For Regulated Entities

The scathing report of the American Congress in September 2020 on the Boeing 737 Max crashes and regulatory fiasco underlines the risks and dangers that result from governments and their regulatory authorities, regulated entities, the academic community and the media focusing solely on the business costs of regulatory compliance – while ignoring the costs of regulatory non-compliance for firms, the national economy and society. The purpose of the author’s research program and this working paper is to bring a behavioral economics lens to identifying the true and full opportunity costs of non-compliance by corporations and other regulated entities. The paper argues that the conventional economics, and law and economics, approaches badly underestimate the net economic and social benefits from compliance and the true and full opportunity costs of non-compliance with laws, regulations and social norms. These more conventional approaches do not meet the interests and requirements of: governments and their regulatory authorities, civil society groups, potential and actual victims, and the overall society and national economy. Most importantly, this narrow benefit-cost approach and related metrics fall far short of satisfying the longer term regulatory requirements of regulated entities and their senior executives, managers, and employees, their compliance and corporate social responsibility advisors and divisions, and their supply chain and other business partners. The working paper employs recent advances in the social psychology, behavioral economics, behavioral ethics, neuroscience, behavioral benefit-cost, and related less conventional economics literatures in order to identify twenty quite diverse but still interrelated sources and drivers of the true and full opportunity costs of non-compliance. These behaviorally informed sources and drivers are divided into three categories: (i) bounded rationality, cognitive scarcity, cognitive misers, and other system 1 attributes of the human brain; (ii) the financial, economic and social costs incurred and generated by non-compliant regulated entities; and, (iii) transaction, relationship and networking costs and related negative externalities. The paper as well offers proposals on how: (i) state and non-state regulators can apply these behavioral insights on the opportunity costs of non-compliance when designing, implementing and framing their enforcement, deterrence, compliance promotion, communication, outreach and other activities; (ii) regulated entities can employ these insights when designing and implementing their corporate strategies on innovation, product development, marketing, voluntary compliance, and corporate social responsibility; (iii) consumers associations, environmental groups and other civil society groups as well as the academic and consulting communities can employ these insights in their analytical, advisory and advocacy functions; and (iv) more principles and outcomes based, inclusive, polycentric and shared accountability regulatory, legal and policy regimes can make the true and full opportunity costs of non-compliance more vivid, tangible, salient, and actionable for regulated entities and all other regulatory actors.

Cultural implications for learners’ effectiveness as governors of schools in rural South Africa

The South African Schools Act, 84 of 1996, articulates the establishment of School Governing Bodies, which authorises stakeholders such as parents, educators and learners to participate actively in decision-making processes pertaining to school governance. The Act further stipulates that learners, through the Representative Council of Learners, should be afforded full opportunity to participate in crucial decisions by the broader governing body. The reason for undertaking the study reported on here was triggered by the concern raised by various authors about the high level of ineffectiveness of learners as governors of schools in South Africa. This study explored and analysed the significance of culture in relation to learners’ effectiveness as governors of schools in rural South Africa. A qualitative research approach, based on a purposive sampling method and interviews, was espoused by engaging members of the Representative Council of Learners in certain selected high schools of the Harry Gwala district in KwaZulu-Natal. The findings of the empirical study investigation divulged that culture was one of the main impediments to learners’ effective school governance in the rural South African setting. The study recommends the intervention of the Department of Education, with the view of creating an environment conducive to active learner participation in school governance in rural areas.

Female Employment in the Manufacturing Sector of Industry 4.0: A SWOT Analysis

In global context, women make up the majority of students in academic institutions but are far less involved in manufacturing academic courses and work in the manufacturing sector. There are several reasons for this. There is a general perception among women that manufacturing carries a high risk of danger. Additionally, there are some tasks in the manufacturing sector that women are often physically unable to perform, such as those in the machinery, industrial equipment and automotive sector. The arrival of Industry 4.0 technology in the manufacturing sector, however, is likely to result in a decline in physical and onerous duties—overtly physical jobs could be replaced by automation and robotics. The cognitive abilities required for the development and implementation of full automation present vast opportunities for women. This paper aims to explore the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) presented by women employment in the Industry 4.0 manufacturing sector. Thirty pieces of literature related to women employed in the manufacturing sector are reviewed. SWOT analysis is derived from the solo-coding process using ATLAS.ti. The results are found through qualitative thematic analysis and reveal that the weaknesses of and threats posed by women employment in the manufacturing sector could be outweighed by the strengths of and opportunities provided by Industry 4.0. This SWOT analysis contributes to the literature by providing a greater understanding of women employment in the Industry 4.0 manufacturing sector.

Ten Propositions on the Future of Digital Business Models for Industry 4.0 in the Post-Corona Economy

The COVID-19 pandemic is challenging politics, society and the economy to an unprecedented extent. Its effects are so drastic that it requires companies and industries not only to manage the crisis in the short term, but also to develop strategic options for the future. Although we have not overcome the crisis, it is already becoming apparent that the pandemic will act as a catalyst, reinforcing existing trends and thus fundamentally changing our everyday economic life and creating new winners. The business models that will prevail will be those that respond to changing economic and social behavior and new demands, using the full technological opportunities underlying Industry 4.0. Against this background, the Expert Group Digital Business Models in Industry of the German Platform Industry 4.0 has formulated ten theses on the future of digital business models for Industry 4.0. Formulated in form of propositions, they provide companies both with impetus and inspiration to deal with the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic from a strategic perspective.

Emotions, relationships, health and illness into old age

There is strong evidence linking relationships and emotions to physical health outcomes. What is critically missing is a more comprehensive understanding of how these important psychosocial factors influence disease over the lifespan. In this narrative review, existing lifespan models of social support and emotion regulation are reviewed and integrated into a general conceptual framework in the health domain. This integrated model takes into account bidirectional links between relationships and emotions, as well as health behaviors, biological pathways, and health. Evidence is consistent with the utility of an integrative model attempting to understand its links to health-relevant pathways and outcomes in older adults. Future work that examines multiple pathways using prospective designs will be necessary for this work to reach its full potential, including intervention and policy opportunities.

PENDIDIKAN DI ERA OTONOMI DAERAH PASCA ORDE BARU

The education system in Indonesia has experienced many changes since the change in the decentralized political system. Legally, these changes have been legitimized with various applicable laws and regulations. The leading spirit of the decentralization of education is to provide more full opportunities for regional authorities to innovate and take advantage of local excellence in the delivery of instruction. However, in addition to the many positive things that were obtained from the decentralization of education, several unfavorable things happened. Therefore, it is necessary to further and more in-depth study of the effectiveness of the implementation of school with a decentralized pattern.

Benefits and costs of two temporary no-take zones

Temporary no-take zones (NTZs) are increasingly introduced in Sweden as a fisheries management tool to restore populations of specific target species. This paper presents a cost-benefit analysis of two real case temporary NTZs closed during a 5–6 year period in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea, using scenario analysis to account for uncertainty in both the biological and economic effects. A sensitivity analysis was added for certain key parameters. The results of the cost-benefit analyses for the two NTZs are positive in all scenarios relating to the most realistic case of no opportunity costs, i.e., assuming that all fishing activity could be relocated to adjacent areas without cost during the closed period. As an extreme case comparison, full opportunity costs were included, assuming that no fishing activity could be relocated to other areas during the closed period. One of the NTZs then exhibited a negative net result for most scenarios. For the other area the net result was positive even when the maximum opportunity costs of temporary lost fishing opportunities were included, largely depending on the strong positive change in the value of commercial fishing. By demonstrating potential costs and benefits of using temporary no-take zones in fisheries management this study may contribute to policy making, as well as to creating acceptance from stakeholder groups that incur short-term costs from closing areas to fishing.

Significance of E-Learning as a Tool in Teaching and Learning

The time and age we are living now is much more different than it was few decades ago. The world is changing with great pace so are the teachings and learning methodologies. Before teaching and learning methods mainly focused within classroom confines and do not include all the factors that could impact teaching and learning outcomes. But now the world is increasingly connected and mobile, therefore, the nature of information resources is changing drastically. The new information is not only unlimited and overwhelming in quantity but also it is networked, multimodal and easily accessible anytime anywhere in the world. Advent in digital technologies, such as computers, laptops, tabs, smart phones, wireless handheld devices, and the Internet have made it possible for learners to access to a wide range of learning and teaching resources and tools, in number of different languages (with the option of availability of translation in native languages) anytime and anywhere in the world. Through the emergence of digital technology tools, have made this possible to increase teaching and learning opportunities inside and outside institutionalized school systems. Through the proper use of modern technologies students and learners have full opportunities to take learning beyond traditional classrooms and the school day. By using digital technology tools, learners have opportunities to attend online courses not only anywhere, anytime but also can record and save the information for future use, if needed. Thus, the aim of this study is to focus on the effectiveness of digital technology as a tool in Teaching and Learning (T&L) approach.