Full Form Research Articles

An extended hesitant fuzzy set using SWARA-MULTIMOORA approach to adapt online education for the control of the pandemic spread of COVID-19 in higher education institutions.

The world has been challenged since late 2019 by COVID-19. Higher education institutions have faced various challenges in adapting online education to control the pandemic spread of COVID-19. The present study aims to conduct a survey study through the interview and scrutinizing the literature to find the key challenges. Subsequently, an integrated MCDM framework, including Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (SWARA) and Multiple Objective Optimization based on Ratio Analysis plus Full Multiplicative Form (MULTIMOORA), is developed. The SWARA procedure is applied to the analysis and assesses the challenges to adapt the online education during the COVID-19 outbreak, and the MULTIMOORA approach is utilized to rank the higher education institutions on hesitant fuzzy sets. Further, an illustrative case study is considered to express the proposed idea's feasibility and efficacy in real-world decision-making. Finally, the obtained result is compared with other existing approaches, confirming the proposed framework's strength and steadiness. The identified challenges were systemic, pedagogical, and psychological challenges, while the analysis results found that the pedagogical challenges, including the lack of experience and student engagement, were the main essential challenges to adapting online education in higher education institutions during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Fermatean fuzzy Einstein aggregation operators-based MULTIMOORA method for electric vehicle charging station selection

The optimal location of electric vehicle charging station (EVCS) will promote the rapid development of the electric vehicle (EV) industry. Generally, EVCS location selection is treated as complex uncertain multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problem because of the existence of many quantitative and qualitative influencing factors. Moreover, uncertainty is usually occurred in EVCS location selection problem and Fermatean fuzzy set (FFS), as an expansion of Pythagorean fuzzy set, can effectively handle the ambiguity by reducing human intervention. Thus, the aim of the current study is to design an integrated decision making method for solving multi-criteria EVCS location selection problem under FFS context. This method is based on multi-objective optimization based on the ratio analysis with the full multiplicative form (MULTIMOORA) approach, maximizing deviation method and Einstein aggregation operators within Fermatean fuzzy environment. At the same time, the criteria weights are determined through the maximizing deviation method. For this, we introduce a divergence measure for FFSs. To aggregate the decision information, we propose some novel Einstein operations for FFS. In light of these operational laws, we further suggest some Fermatean fuzzy Einstein aggregation operators and their enviable characteristics. To illustrate the potentiality and usefulness of the present methodology, we carry out an illustrative study of EVCS location selection problem with FFS setting. Comparing the present MULTIMOORA framework with the extant methods confirms the strength of the obtained outcomes. The findings conclude that the introduced method is more useful and well-consistent with extant methods.

An integrated fuzzy sustainable supplier evaluation and selection framework for green supply chains in reverse logistics.

Green supply chain management considers the environmental effects of all activities related to the supply chain, from obtaining raw materials to the final delivery of finished goods. Selecting the right supplier is a critical decision in green supply chain management. We propose a fuzzy green supplier selection model for sustainable supply chains in reverse logistics. We define a novel hierarchical fuzzy best-worst method (HFBWM) to determine the importance weights of the green criteria and sub-criteria selected. The fuzzy extension of Shannon’s entropy, a more complex evaluation method, is also used to determine the criteria weights, providing a reference comparison benchmark. Several hybrid models integrating both weighting techniques with fuzzy versions of complex proportional assessment (COPRAS), multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis plus the full multiplicative form (MULTIMOORA), and the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) are designed to rank the suppliers based on their ability to recycle in reverse logistics. We aggregate these methods’ ranking results through a consensus ranking model and illustrate the capacity of relatively simple methods such as fuzzy COPRAS and fuzzy MOORA to provide robust rankings highly correlated with those delivered by more complex techniques such as fuzzy MULTIMOORA. We also find that the ranking results obtained by these hybrid models are more consistent when HFBWM determines the weights. A case study in the asphalt manufacturing industry is presented to demonstrate the proposed methods’ applicability and efficacy.

The Role of UID for the Usage of Verb Phrase Ellipsis: Psycholinguistic Evidence From Length and Context Effects.

We investigate the underexplored question of when speakers make use of the omission phenomenon verb phrase ellipsis (VPE) in English given that the full form is also available to them. We base the interpretation of our results on the well-established information-theoretic Uniform Information Density (UID) hypothesis: Speakers tend to distribute processing effort uniformly across utterances and avoid regions of low information by omitting redundant material through, e.g., VPE. We investigate the length of the omittable VP and its predictability in context as sources of redundancy which lead to larger or deeper regions of low information and an increased pressure to use ellipsis. We use both naturalness rating and self-paced reading studies in order to link naturalness patterns to potential processing difficulties. For the length effects our rating and reading results support a UID account. Surprisingly, we do not find an effect of the context on the naturalness and the processing of VPE. We suggest that our manipulation might have been too weak or not effective to evidence such an effect.

Reasoning in Dialog: Improving Response Generation by Context Reading Comprehension

In multi-turn dialog, utterances do not always take the full form of sentences (Carbonell 1983), which naturally makes understanding the dialog context more difficult. However, it is essential to fully grasp the dialog context to generate a reasonable response. Hence, in this paper, we propose to improve the response generation performance by examining the model's ability to answer a reading comprehension question, where the question is focused on the omitted information in the dialog. Enlightened by the multi-task learning scheme, we propose a joint framework that unifies these two tasks, sharing the same encoder to extract the common and task-invariant features with different decoders to learn task-specific features. To better fusing information from the question and the dialog history in the encoding part, we propose to augment the Transformer architecture with a memory updater, which is designed to selectively store and update the history dialog information so as to support downstream tasks. For the experiment, we employ human annotators to write and examine a large-scale dialog reading comprehension dataset. Extensive experiments are conducted on this dataset, and the results show that the proposed model brings substantial improvements over several strong baselines on both tasks. In this way, we demonstrate that reasoning can indeed help better response generation and vice versa. We release our large-scale dataset for further research.

An Integrated Simple Weighted Sum Product Method—WISP

Until now, many different multiple criteria decision-making methods have been proposed for the facilitation of different business problems such as entrepreneurial. In this article, a new approach for selecting the most acceptable alternative is considered, which is based on the integration of weighted sum and weighted product approaches. The basic idea of the newly proposed approach is partly based on the multiobjective optimization by ratio analysis plus the full multiplicative form method, but also includes some features of the weighted aggregated sum product assessment and combined compromise solution methods. The proposed method is tested by using two illustrative examples that are related to the contractor and industrial robot selection. Additionally, to test its reliability, the obtained results are compared with the ones gained by using the multiple-criteria decision-making methods of the first and second generations. The proposed method predicts the application of a much simpler normalization procedure, involves four utility measures for defining the overall utility of alternatives, and enables a much easier ranking of them. The final conclusion is that the simple weighted sum product method is easy to use and contributes to the increasing of the reliability of decisions that are made. Therefore, the proposal uses a much simpler normalization procedure, i.e., four utility measures for determining the overall utility of alternatives, and allows a much easier ranking of alternatives.

The Different Type of MPPT Techniques for Photovoltaic System

We know that sun is the only sources which is available free of cost in our environment for the PV module. when the sun strikes in to the PV cell it converts to the electrical energy. Now a days to fulfill the requirement of energy the solar energy plays a main role of that. But some time this solar energy is not sufficient to fulfill this requirement than some time we use the MPPT techniques which is increase the power generation and main advantage of this techniques is that this is work in any climate. The full form of MPPT is MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKER. It gets the maximum power from the available PV unit and it is not depending upon the any environmental conditions. In this paper we discuss in detail the several abilities that how they get the maximum power point and system convergence, efficiency and cost of implementation. In this paper we show that all type pf MPPT techniques.

The THE LANGUAGE CONSTRUCTION OF CHILDREN PUBLIC SERVICE ADVERTISEMENT ANIMATED VERSION WASPADA CORONA IN ONLINE MEDIA AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE SOCIETY IN SEMARANG CITY

This research is motivated by the presence of advertisements in online media dealing with the worldwide Covid-19 pandemic. Advertisement with children as the endorser to convey the message on Waspada Corona aired in animated version of public service advertisement. this advertisement is very intriguing seen from the emerge of children in educating the public dealing with the enormity and serious impact of the epidemic. How online media construct the children animated advertising language on waspada Corona and how the Semarang society reconstruct language message in the media. 
 This research purposive media text selection as the data collecting method and media text analysis in its analyzing technique as analyzing advertisement method. While the construction of the society, the data were analyzed by mans of Miles and Huberman’s interactive and constructivist qualitative analysis. The paradigm used is constructivism and is completed with Peter L berger’s social construction theory. 
 The result of this research are expecyed to show the full form of construction of children advertisement in online media and the construction of the society in responding the online media advertising messages. 
 Keywords : Animation, Children advertisement, Construction, Online Media, Public Service Advertisement. 
 

The Methodology of Abu Jafar an-Nahhâs and his approach to Qur'anic knowledge in the Context of the "Iʿrâbu'l-Qur'an" and "Meʿânı'l- Qur'an "

Ebu Cafer en-Nehhâs, Meʿâni’l-Kur’ân ve İʿrâbu’l-Kur’ân isimli eserlerinde tefsir ilminin temel konularını ustalıkla işleyerek Kur’ân’ı tefsir etmeye çalışmıştır. Kur’ân’ı i’rab açısından baştan sona sistematik bir şekilde değerlendiren ilk eser olması hasebiyle İʿrâbu’l-Kur’ân tefsiri önem arz etmektedir. “İʿrâbu’l-Kur’ân” tefsirinden önce kaleme alınan “Meani’l-Kur’ân” tefsiri günümüze tam hali ile gelmemiş olsa da “İrâbu’l-Kur’ân” tefsiri ile birbirini bütünler niteliktedir. Ülkemizde akademi dünyasında Nehhâs’ın tefsir metodolojisini konu alan kapsamlı bir çalışmanın olmaması bir de “İ’râbu’l-Kur’ân” ve “Meani’l-Kur’ân” tefsirleri hakkında çok az bir çalışmanın bulunması bizi bu konuda bir çalışma yapmaya sevk etmiştir. Makalemizde Ebu Cafer en-Nehhâs’ın tefsirci yönü üzerinde durmayı, metodolojisi hakkında bilgi vermeyi ve özgün taraflarını ortaya koymayı hedeflemekteyiz.

Impact of ion partitioning and double layer polarization on diffusiophoresis of a pH-regulated nanogel

Diffusiophoresis of a charge regulated spherical polyelectrolyte nanogel (PE) due to an externally imposed ionic concentration gradient is considered. The immobile charge density of the nanogel develops through the association/dissociation reactions of their inorganic functional groups. The nanogel is ion and fluid permeable with dielectric permittivity different from that of the surrounding electrolyte medium. This difference in dielectric permittivity creates an ion partitioning due to the difference in self energy of ions. The Nernst–Planck equation for ion transport and the Poisson equation (PNP) for the electric field are modified to take into account the ion partitioning effects. The diffusiophoresis mechanism is governed by the electrophoresis generated by the induced electric field and chemiphoresis develops due to the mitigation of counterions across the double layer of the nanogel. In addition, the convection dominated double layer polarization and the counterion condensation as well as the electroosmotic flow created by the gel immobile charge play a role in the diffusiophoresis. All these effects are incorporated through the modified PNP equations coupled with the Navier–Stokes equations. The governing equations in their full form are solved numerically through a control volume approach. Present computed solutions for the limiting cases are in good agreement with the existing solutions based on the first-order perturbation analysis. In order to illustrate the diffusiophoresis mechanism we have measured the induced electric field and effective charge density of the PE and analyzed its dependence on several electrokinetic parameters. The contribution due to chemiphoresis is low for PE compared to a rigid colloid. For a highly permeable PE the diffusiophoretic velocity increases and approaches a saturation for higher range of the PE fixed charge density. The ion partitioning effect depletes counterions in PE to manifests its diffusiophoretic velocity. The diffusiophoretic velocity of PE for pH > IEP is higher than the case for which pH < IEP.

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of Alternate Short Forms of the Action Naming Test.

The action naming test (ANT) is a confrontation naming task used to assess the ability to name action words. This study aimed to create two short forms of the ANT and assess their equivalence, reliability, and comparability to the long form. In total, 100 healthy adults (31 females and 69 males), aged 34-89years (M=64 and SD=10.4) were recruited. Short forms were developed using a split-half procedure. No significant differences were observed between short forms on mean performance and distribution of scores for correct spontaneous responses, responses after semantic cue and total correct responses after cueing, but a higher number of accurate responses were prompted after phonemic cueing for Form A. Significant strong correlations between short forms and with the full form were encountered, although a weak correlation was found between short forms on performance after semantic cueing. IQ and age were significant predictors of action word retrieval. Whereas IQ also predicted post-cueing performance in all ANT forms, age predicted performance only for Form B. The two ANT short forms are equivalent when considering total spontaneous responses and total correct responses after cueing, but semantic and phonemic cues evoked different responses on the two forms. The two short forms were also affected differently by demographics. When the psychometric equivalence of Forms A and B was examined, the strict conditions for parallel forms were not met for all performance indices. Therefore, these newly developed short versions should be considered as alternate forms.

SsPeristaltic activity in an asymmetric inclined channel with inertial forces under the inducement of magnetic field: Finite Element Method

This manuscript is presented to investigate peristaltic phenomenon of a flow driven peristaltically in an asymmetric inclined channel under the influence of externally applied magnetic field without employing the assumption of long wavelength and smaller Reynolds number assumptions which permit the effects of dominant inertial forces and to solve the Navier-Stokes equations in full form. The numerical results are obtained with help of finite element numerical scheme with Galerkin’s residual procedure. A comparative analysis for the obtained numerical data is performed in view of already reported studies and a favorable accuracy of results is noticed. The effects of other involved parameters are also presented in suitable graphs. Trapping and pumping phenomena is also discussed. It is found that trapped bolus shape is increased with increment of Hartmann number which tends to move towards central region of asymmetric channel and is predicted that trapped bolus will disappears at large Reynolds number. The pressure in peristaltic pumping region is enhanced by increasing angle of inclination.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) TaHMW1D Transcript Variants Are Highly Expressed in Response to Heat Stress and in Grains Located in Distal Part of the Spike.

High-temperature stress during the grain filling stage has a deleterious effect on grain yield and end-use quality. Plants undergo various transcriptional events of protein complexity as defensive responses to various stressors. The “Keumgang” wheat cultivar was subjected to high-temperature stress for 6 and 10 days beginning 9 days after anthesis, then two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and peptide analyses were performed. Spots showing decreased contents in stressed plants were shown to have strong similarities with a high-molecular glutenin gene, TraesCS1D02G317301 (TaHMW1D). QRT-PCR results confirmed that TaHMW1D was expressed in its full form and in the form of four different transcript variants. These events always occurred between repetitive regions at specific deletion sites (5′-CAA (Glutamine) GG/TG (Glycine) or (Valine)-3′, 5′-GGG (Glycine) CAA (Glutamine) -3′) in an exonic region. Heat stress led to a significant increase in the expression of the transcript variants. This was most evident in the distal parts of the spike. Considering the importance of high-molecular weight glutenin subunits of seed storage proteins, stressed plants might choose shorter polypeptides while retaining glutenin function, thus maintaining the expression of glutenin motifs and conserved sites.

Non-planar form factors of generic local operators via on-shell unitarity and color-kinematics duality

Form factors, as quantities involving both local operators and asymptotic particle states, contain information of both the spectrum of operators and the on-shell amplitudes. So far the studies of form factors have been mostly focused on the large Nc planar limit, with a few exceptions of Sudakov form factors. In this paper, we discuss the systematical construction of full color dependent form factors with generic local operators. We study the color decomposition for form factors and discuss the general strategy of using on-shell unitarity cut method. As concrete applications, we compute the full two-loop non-planar minimal form factors for both half-BPS operators and non-BPS operators in the SU(2) sector in mathcal{N} = 4 SYM. Another important aspect is to investigate the color-kinematics (CK) duality for form factors of high-length operators. Explicit CK dual representation is found for the two-loop half-BPS minimal form factors with arbitrary number of external legs. The full-color two-loop form factor result provides an independent check of the infrared dipole formula for two-loop n-point amplitudes. By extracting the UV divergences, we also reproduce the known non-planar SU(2) dilatation operator at two loops. As for the finite remainder function, interestingly, the non-planar part is found to contain a new maximally transcendental part beyond the known planar result.

Evaluating SWMM capabilities to simulate closed pipe transients

One of the most used 1D tools to model collection systems is the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). Solving the full form of the Saint Venant equations, this model represents typical unsteady flow conditions in sewer systems. However, it may be insufficient to address fast transient flow conditions that can be present during extreme events or unscheduled operational conditions. SWMM version 5.1.013 was implemented the Preissmann slot as an alternative method to handle pressurization. To date, no studies were found analysing the applicability of SWMM to represent closed-pipe fast transient flows applying the Preissmann slot pressurization algorithm. Therefore, the present work investigates the ability to model different fast transients conditions in SWMM under various spatial and temporal discretizations along with variations in the Preissmann slot algorithm. Using an alternative implementation of the SLOT pressurization algorithm, along with artificial spatial discretization and routing time-steps estimated by the Courant stability condition, it is shown that SWMM is capable to perform satisfactory certain types of closed pipe transient simulations.

Numerical Solution of a Two-Dimensional Problem of Fluid Filtration in a Deformable Porous Medium

The paper considers a two-dimensional mathematical model of filtration of a viscous incompressible fluid in a deformable porous medium. The model is based on the equations of conservation of mass for liquid and solid phases, Darcy’s law, the rheological relationship for a porous medium, and the law of conservation of the balance of forces. In this article, the equation of the balance of forces is taken in full form, i.e. the viscous and elastic properties of the medium are taken into account. The aim of the work is a numerical study of a model initial-boundary value problem. Section 1 gives a statement of the problem and a brief review of the literature on works related to this topic. In item 2, the original system of equations is transformed. In the case of slow flows, when the convective term can be neglected, a system arises that consists of a second-order parabolic equation for the effective pressure of the medium and the first-order equation for porosity. Section 3 proposes an algorithm for the numerical solution of the resulting initial-boundary value problem. For the numerical implementation, a variable direction scheme for the heat equation with variable coefficients is used, as well as the Runge — Kutta scheme of the fourth order of approximation.

Butterfly effect and spatial structure of information spreading in a chaotic cellular automaton

Inspired by recent developments in the study of chaos in many-body systems, we construct a measure of local information spreading for a stochastic Cellular Automaton in the form of a spatiotemporally resolved Hamming distance. This decorrelator is a classical version of an Out-of-Time-Order Correlator studied in the context of quantum many-body systems. Focusing on the one-dimensional Kauffman Cellular Automaton, we extract the scaling form of our decorrelator with an associated butterfly velocity $v_b$ and a velocity-dependent Lyapunov exponent $\lambda(v)$. The existence of the latter is not a given in a discrete classical system. Second, we account for the behaviour of the decorrelator in a framework based solely on the boundary of the information spreading, including an effective boundary random walk model yielding the full functional form of the decorrelator. In particular, we obtain analytic results for $v_b$ and the exponent $\beta$ in the scaling ansatz $\lambda(v) \sim \mu (v - v_b)^\beta$, which is usually only obtained numerically. Finally, a full scaling collapse establishes the decorrelator as a unifying diagnostic of information spreading.

A new integrated MCDM approach for improving QFD based on DEMATEL and extended MULTIMOORA under uncertainty environment

Quality characteristics (QCs) prioritization is a criterial issue in QFD. However, due to its own inherent flaws, QFD is in a difficult situation in practical applications. As an effective method of multi-objective decision-making, the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method can describe, evaluate, and rank the evaluation objects according to different criteria. Therefore, this paper proposes a new integrated MCDM method for improving QFD, which integrates the hesitant fuzzy linguistic term set (HFLTS), decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL), and multi-objective optimization by ratio analysis plus full multiplicative form (MULTIMOORA). Firstly, the HFLTS is used to deal with the ambiguity in the evaluation process. Secondly, with regard to the interaction relationships among QCs, fuzzy DEMATEL technology is employed to capture their influence weights. Furthermore, an extended MULTIMOORA method is developed, which combines the entropy weight method to obtain the objective weights of customer requirements (CRs), and introduces the influence weights to prioritize QCs. Finally, the feasibility and practicability of the proposed method are verified by an example regarding the product design of CNC machine tool.

Comparison of four short forms of the French adaptation of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV)

IntroductionThe Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Adults - 4th Edition (WAIS-IV) is widely used in France and French-speaking countries for clinical assessment and research. This scale has excellent metric qualities; there is ample evidence of the validity and reliability of its scores. However, it takes 60 to 90min to complete the full test. That can be problematic in research where time is limited and when examining very disturbed patients. In such cases, a short form of the WAIS-IV may be useful. Unfortunately, no short form of the French version of WAIS-IV has yet been validated using the standardization sample. ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to identify an abbreviated form of WAIS-IV with sufficient validity and reliability to replace, in some cases, the full test. MethodFour short forms were developed taking into account the fidelity and the correlation with the FIQ of the subtests included in each of form. The metric qualities the four short forms were compared using the standardization data of the French WAIS-IV. The standardization was done using the results of a sample of 876 individuals representative of the French population from 16 to 79 years 11 months. ResultsThe analyzes showed that a short form including Information, Matrices, Arithmetic and Code provides a fairly good estimate of the FIQ. The fidelity of the estimated IQ was 0.94 and its correlation with the FIQ was 0.91. However, the average of the absolute differences between the IQ calculated with this short form and the IQ calculated with the full form was 4.24 points, with a standard deviation of 3.15 points. These differences could lead to misidentification of some individuals tested with the short form. ConclusionThe proposed short form provides a sufficient approximation of the FIQ to be used in research where the collective results are more important than those of individuals. This short form, however, does not provide an IQ measure as robust as the full form. It should therefore be used with caution only when using the full form is not possible.

Factorization of Boolean Polynomials: Parallel Algorithms and Experimental Evaluation

Polynomial factorization is a classical algorithmic algebra problem with a wide range of applications. Of particular interest is factorization over finite fields, among which fields of order two are probably the most important ones when representing Boolean functions by Zhegalkin polynomials. In particular, factorization of Boolean polynomials corresponds to conjunctive decomposition of Boolean functions given in algebraic normal form. In addition, factorization enables decomposition of functions given in full disjunctive normal form (DNF) and positive DNF, as well as Cartesian decomposition of relational data. These applications demonstrate the importance of developing fast factorization algorithms. In this paper, we consider some recently proposed factorization algorithms of polynomial complexity and describe a parallel MIMD implementation that takes advantage of both task-level and data-level parallelism. We conduct some experiments on logic synthesis benchmarks and synthetic (random) polynomials to demonstrate significant factorization speedup. In conclusion, we discuss results of testing a parallel implementation of the algorithm on a massively parallel multicore architecture (REDEFINE).