Full Financial Support Research Articles

Financial sources of business relocation and evacuation costs: international technical assistance and budget allocations

The purpose of this study was to substantiate the sources of covering the costs of relocation and evacuation of businesses in order to provide state support and assistance in the implementation of these processes. The article motivates the introduction of budget program 1201460 “Ensuring the implementation of business relocation and evacuation processes” within the framework of the budget procedure for the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine. The practical implementation of the specified budget program through the passport of the latter will allow the financial mechanism of state management of business relocation and evacuation processes to acquire a truly practical nature, which, in turn, will ensure the restoration of production potential at both the micro and macro levels. Given the extremely difficult situation of the state budget of our country, the use of: state credits and loans; international technical assistance in cash; grants for budget support is proposed as alternative sources of financial coverage of the above-mentioned expenses. At the same time, the role of the main beneficiary in the implementation of procedures for raising funds through these sources should be played by the Ministry of Economy of Ukraine. This approach will allow for full financial support for the implementation of business evacuation and relocation processes, which, in turn, will increase the efficiency and effectiveness of state management of these processes.

Assessing the impact of the coronavirus pandemic and non-pharmaceutical interventions on Bursa Malaysia KLCI Index using GARCH-M (1,1) models

This study aims to explore the impact of coronavirus pandemic-related variables and non-pharmaceutical interventions on fluctuations in the Malaysian stock market during the period from January 7, 2020, to March 31, 2021. By employing GARCH-M (1,1) family models (GARCH-M, EGARCH-M, and PGARCH-M), the study seeks to understand the intricate dynamics of market volatility amidst the pandemic and associated interventions. The findings suggest that while past market volatility and conditional variance continue to influence current market fluctuations, their effects have diminished over time during the study period. Additionally, the EGARCH-M (1,1) model reveals a leverage effect, indicating increased market volatility following negative news compared to positive news. Interestingly, the EGARCH-M (1,1) model emerges as the optimal choice for accurately capturing data dynamics. Conversely, the PGARCH-M (1,1) model does not exhibit a statistically significant leverage effect. These insights contribute to a better understanding of market behavior during crises, informing future research and risk management strategies. AcknowledgmentThe authors are grateful to the Middle East University, Amman, Jordan, for the full financial support granted to this research paper.

Exploring the Attrition of Low-Income Students From Associate Degree Programs in Jamaica, After Receiving Full Financial Support

Financial barriers are readily touted as constraints facing low-income students who attempt to pursue studies at higher education institutions. With the removal of the barrier of tuition fees, this research study explored the reasons why low-income students still decided to drop out of their respective programs in higher education institutions in Jamaica, although full financial support was received. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 participants from two higher education institutions in Jamaica. Four themes emerged from the study as the reasons for their attrition, namely, the prioritization of financial needs, unsatisfactory academic performance, personal emotional issues, and program issues. These findings confirm that in addition to financial support to cover tuition fees, there are additional considerations for donor agencies as well as higher education institutions, if low-income students are to be aptly supported, and the risk of attrition, mitigated.

Analysis of the state and efficiency of the functioning of agroformations under modern conditions

The article substantiates the theoretical foundations of the development of agricultural formations and their influence on the development of rural areas. It was determined that the functioning of agricultural enterprises in the conditions of market relations is very complex and long-term in financial and credit terms. Inadequate state support for agriculture, slows down the development of reforms and has little experience of working in market conditions, all this creates negative trends in the development of the country's agriculture. As a result, there is a reduction in the production of agricultural products and the moral wear and tear of fixed assets. The purpose of the article is to identify positive trends and restraining factors in the development of agricultural formations and their impact on the development of rural areas; identification of positive trends and restraining factors in the development of modern agrarian formations and their further development; development of scientific proposals regarding promising directions and organizational forms of agro-industrial formations that can be successful in the conditions of modern challenges and threats. The significant obstacle to the successful development and functioning of the agricultural sector in Ukraine is the imperfection of normative and legal measures regarding the country's agrarian policy. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a legislative framework that will be able to protect the interests of agricultural producers by making changes to it. The specificity of the functioning of the organizational and legal mechanisms supporting the development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine today is the lack of full financial support for the laws that are being adopted. Non-implementation of adopted laws and other legal acts is already observed, that is, low executive discipline on the part of state authorities. It is substantiated that the priority direction of innovative activity in the agricultural sector is the introduction of the most promising agricultural technologies and, based on them, increasing productivity with the aim of reducing the unit cost of production and strengthening competitiveness on the domestic and global markets. Scientific proposals have been developed regarding promising directions and organizational forms of integrated agro-industrial formations that can be successful in the conditions of modern challenges and threats, as well as satisfy the economic and social interests of their subjects. Keywords: agricultural formation, innovations, innovative development, competitiveness, financial and credit relations, export

Maternity provision, contract status, and likelihood of returning to work: Evidence from research intensive universities in the UK

AbstractReliance on fixed‐term contracts and a lack of adequate maternity provision for fixed‐term workers could be contributing to the loss of women from academia―the so called “leaky pipeline”―but evidence on this is lacking. This paper describes variation, between research intensive universities in the UK, in the maternity provision they offer to fixed‐term workers and presents preliminary staff data on the likelihood of returning to work following a period of maternity leave for academic and non‐academic staff on fixed‐term versus open‐ended contracts. A gendered lens is applied, investigating how the intersection between contractual status and maternity provision contributes to gender inequality in academia within the context of hierarchical neoliberal academic organizing and the masculinized “ideal” academic. Staff data was obtained using a Freedom of Information request made to the 24 Russell Group universities in the United Kingdom. The odds of returning to work after maternity leave were 59% lower for staff on fixed‐term compared to open‐ended contracts (pooled odds ratio: 0.41, 95% confidence interval: 0.26–0.64). Maternity provision for fixed‐term workers varied between institutions, with most operating policies that limit access to enhanced maternity pay for staff on fixed‐term contracts. Wider adoption of maternity policies that are more compatible with employment on fixed‐term contracts, including: no continuous service or return to work requirement, full financial support for staff facing redundancy during maternity leave, and appropriate signposting of redeployment obligations, could help to support more women to stay in academia.

Stakeholders’ Attitudes, Challenges Met and Perceived Institutional Practices on the Continuing Programs Accreditation of Jhcsc System

The call for globalization and standardization of HEIs in the country has been the befitting cause for quality assurance. To survive the battle, SUCs, specifically have to subject themselves to the challenges and opportunities of accreditation. This study was conducted to determine the stakeholders’ attitudes, challenges met and perceived institutional practices on the continuing programs accreditation of J.H. Cerilles State College. The study utilized the descriptive-correlational method with the questionnaire-checklist as the main instrument in gathering the needed data from the 335 respondents chosen purposively, to include: administrators, faculty, staff, students, and external stakeholders. The study revealed that the respondents had a high extent of involvement in the accreditation of JHCSC. Organizing the Parent-Teacher Association (PTA) well to support the institution’s efforts was their best practice. School personnel possessed positive and desirable attitudes toward accreditation. Likewise, preparation of documents and administrative support and facilities were the much serious challenges encountered by taskforce members. Moreover, the respondents’ attitude and their extent of involvement toward the continuing programs accreditation of the college is significantly correlated while an insignificant difference existed on the attitudes among the five groups of respondents. Thus, it is highly recommended that the administration and other stakeholders give full financial and manpower support for the institution’s accreditation endeavor. KEYWORDS: Quality Assurance, Accreditation, Institutional Practices, Challenges, Attitudes, JHCSC, descriptive-correlational design, Philippines

Institutional aspects of the implementation of sustainable development concepts in the functioning of agribusiness subjects

The modern state of institutional regulation of the agricultural sector and rural areas of Ukraine, there are many problematic aspects in national practice. These are land reform and the realization of the right to own land, the existing disparity in price relations, the infrastructure of the agricultural market, the low level of socio-economic development of rural areas, the lack of systematic institutional transformations of the industry and the limited scope of their financial, investment and information support. In European practice, institutional support for the implementation of the sustainable development strategy is realized through the following main principles: commitment, coordination, participation (partnership), financial support, knowledge, constant monitoring, continuity. The actual and prospective volumes of financing transformations in the direction of sustainable development are also characterized by large sizes. In accordance with domestic and European experience, the main components of institutional support for the implementation of sustainable development concepts for domestic agribusiness have been determined: policy-legal support, intellectual and personnel assets, investment, technical, technological and innovative potential, permanent and full financial support, environmental component, the mechanism of administration and formation of conditions for the development of sustainable agribusiness, state and private-partner support, information and advisory support and a system of standards reporting on sustainable development. The system of components of institutional support for the implementation of sustainable development concepts should be supplemented with components of intra-corporate institutional support, the implementation of which should be based, first of all, on the understanding, perception and implementation in practical activities of the values, motivators and goals of sustainable development common to all agribusiness participants. The scientific novelty of the research results is the systematization and addition of a set of components of institutional support for the implementation of sustainable development concepts of business entities in the agrarian sector. Keywords: agribusiness, sustainable development, business entities, institutional support, rural areas, sustainable development goals, European experience.

Some results of the food strategy of Russia, China and Japan

The article presents a comparative macroeconomic analysis of the results of agricultural policy in the field of food security in Russia, China and Japan. Russia is significantly more provided with agricultural land — a factor of basic importance in food production than its eastern neighbors — China and Japan. In terms of gross agricultural production, China is the leader, especially in cereals and legumes, fruits, berries, citrus fruits and grapes, vegetables and melons, as well as eggs. For these products, China has full self-sufficiency, but at the same time it lacks its own production for potatoes, meat and milk. Japan is not provided with its own fruits, berries, citrus fruits and grapes, vegetables and melons, as well as meat and milk. Russia also lacks its own production of these products, with the exception of meat, with which it is fully provided. The average Russian citizen does not fully consume vegetables and melons, as well as milk and dairy products, for which there is a low level of self-sufficiency and economic accessibility in the country. The food strategies of the studied states testify to the importance of food supply in the system of national security and improving the quality of life of the population, combining their interests in organizing large agricultural organizations, state support for the development of agriculture with its full financial support, the formation of an economically sound agricultural policy for the development of agriculture as the basis of social stability, equating its products with the most important strategic resources.

The impact of smartphone advergames characteristics on purchasing intentions: the mediating role of game involvement

This research aimed to investigate the impact of smartphone advergames characteristics on purchasing intentions. Four dimensions were considered (irritation, entertainment, credibility, and informativeness). To achieve this aim, the researchers developed a model based on literature reviews and previous studies; a self-administrated questionnaire was designed and distributed over a convenience sample. The researchers used a quantitative method and a descriptive-analytical approach; the study sample consisted of 600 consumers, and 519 questionnaires were returned with an 86.5% response rate. Various statistical methods, including descriptive, simple linear regression, were used to analyze the data and test the hypotheses. This research’s key findings were that there is a statistically direct impact of irritation, entertainment, credibility, and informativeness on consumers’ purchasing intentions. Moreover, there is a mediating role of game involvement between advergames and consumers’ purchasing intentions. Hence, many Jordanian companies can use smartphone mobile advertising to increase sales and create product brand image among consumers. Smartphone advergaming provides numerous opportunities and challenges for advertisers in the current dynamic business environment. AcknowledgmentThe authors are grateful to the Middle East University, Amman, Jordan, for the full financial support granted to this research project.

PROMOTING INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION THROUGH TRAINING AND EDUCATION IN SPACE TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS AND ADVANCES AMONG BIMSTEC COUNTRIES – A GOVERNMENT OF INDIA INITIATIVE

Abstract. India is one of the top space-faring nations in the world, which not only to build satellites and launches them using indigenously developed launch vehicles but also spearheads the use of space technology for many applications at the national and international level. Training, education and capacity building (TECB) are important components in promoting the use of space technology, thereby benefitting the society. North Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) is one of many institutions under the umbrella of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), Department of Space (DOS) which is responsible for promoting TECB at National level. ISRO / DOS also supports TECB at an International level through many initiatives such as IIRS – ITC JEP, UN-CSSTEAP, CEOS, UNSPIDER, UN-FAO, WMO, Commonwealth, and BIMSTEC etc. NESAC established in 2000, initiated capacity building and spearheaded Outreach programs from 2019 in the North East Region of India. Prime Minister of India announced in the plenary meeting of BIMSTEC(Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) Summit at Kathmandu, Nepal in August 2018, recognizing NESAC to conduct space technology training programs of two weeks and 3 months for BIMSTEC Countries every year for the next five years with full financial support from Government of India. The first two week training program on “capacity building on the earth observation applications and research” was successfully conducted for 24 participants, four participants each representing Bangladesh, Bhutan, Thailand, Myanmar, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. The participants are from User Departments, Science and Technology Ministries, Space Organizations and Academia and Research Institutions. The training benefitted the participants from state of the art training facilities and experienced faculties from NESAC/ISRO/Academia from across India. The summary of feedback from the participants (excellent – 57%, good – 40%, average – 2.6% and poor – 0.4%) indicates that the course is very much useful as it has enhanced their knowledge in earth observation, geospatial analysis capabilities that will be put into use on their return. The training and capacity building has opened new vistas of cooperation and possible collaboration between BIMSTEC countries ranging from availing satellite data, expansion and access to data sharing portals, creating knowledge network to promote young researchers and expert sharing within the region, further to expand the capacity building by initiating distance learning programs, taking up joint research and application projects, etc. The rich experience of conducting a unique program, one of its kind and detailed feedback and possible expansion of BIMSTEC programs in the future is presented in the paper.

Module to scaffold the process of filling grant documents in English

In order for students and professors to advance their educational and professional careers as well as become competitive specialists in the modern world of science and technology, it is essential for them to apply for international grant programs that allow them to take part in internships abroad. Currently, there are several foreign programs offered in Russia that provide financial support for students to participate in internships abroad. Unfortunately, studentsstudying in Russia often do not possess the skills necessary to complete foreign language documents correctly. This barrier reduces their chance to successfully pass through several stages of the selection process to secure full financial support while competing amongst a large number of applicants. As a solution to this issue, the authors offer for a module to be introduced into existing curricula, which will teach students how to complete grant documents in English. This module can be introduced in foreign language courses at any level, that are aimed at preparing students to receive a higher education. The content of the module was developed based on the analysis of foreign practices of studying an academic letter, which includes in itself, the preparation of the necessary documentation for grant programs. The module consists of an overview lecture that outlines different grant programs and their English language websites, where a full list of the necessary documentation needed to apply to the respective program is included. In order to submit a strong application for an international internship opportunity, a student should comprehend the rules of writing a statement of purpose as well as recommendation letters. Applicants should also be prepared to answer questions presented to them during an interview with representatives of the program for which they have applied. The main goal of the proposed module is to teach students how to effectively communicate per the requirements and objectives set forth by these grant programs. This module will allow for the development of critical thinking skills necessary to present application materials in a logical and structured manner, in both Russian and English.

P1662COMMERCIAL KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION: PARTICIPANTS' ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS

Abstract Background and Aims Kidney transplantation is the gold standard for patients with end-stage kidney disease. In view of shortages of available organs, long wait times for possible transplantation, and strict regulation, many patients opt for commercial transplantation. The national diseased program must be a priority with full financial and administrative support. All government agencies including religious affairs must work together to support the program and to provide the citizens with a good transplantation service and ameliorate the impact of commercial transplantation. This study elicits the reasons and motivations for patients with end-stage kidney disease to elect for commercial transplant. Method A questionnaire-based evaluation was conducted during the period from July 2015 until late December 2015. It consisted of 28 multiple choice questions and was distributed to all patients who underwent commercial kidney transplantation. Results One hundred and fifty patients were approached to participate and 106 agreed. Of the participants, 60% were male with an average age of 41.5 (SD 14.8) years and ranged from 18 to 83 years. The majority (82%) of our participants were educated ranging from primary to college level. The major reason (71%) for these participants to obtain commercial transplants was stated as the unavailability of a live related donor. Thirteen percent stated that they objected to getting a kidney donated from a family member, and 9% stated that they were worried about taking a kidney from a family member. Finally, 3% of participants stated that they needed prompt transplant and could not wait for a long time for transplant investigations and the workup associated with this program. Conclusion Even considering the ongoing ethical debates, number of patients undergoing commercial transplantation is on the rise. The study showed that the most common underlying cause for seeking commercial transplantation is the unavailability of a national transplant program, particularly transplantation from cadaveric sources.

Reflections on Modeling Poliovirus Transmission and the Polio Eradication Endgame.

The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) partners engaged modelers during the past nearly 20 years to support strategy and policy discussions and decisions, and to provide estimates of the risks, costs, and benefits of different options for managing the polio endgame. Limited efforts to date provided insights related to the validation of the models used for GPEI strategy and policy decisions. However, modeling results only influenced decisions in some cases, with other factors carrying more weight in many key decisions. In addition, the results from multiple modeling groups do not always agree, which supports selection of some strategies and/or policies counter to the recommendations from some modelers but not others. This analysis reflects on our modeling, and summarizes our premises and recommendations, the outcomes of these recommendations, and the implications of key limitations of models with respect to polio endgame strategy. We briefly review the current state of the GPEI given epidemiological experience as of early 2020, which includes failure of the GPEI to deliver on the objectives of its 2013–2018 strategic plan despite full financial support. Looking ahead, we provide context for why the GPEI strategy of global oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) cessation to end all cases of poliomyelitis looks infeasible given the current state of the GPEI and the failure to successfully stop all transmission of serotype 2 live polioviruses within four years of the April–May 2016 coordinated cessation of serotype 2 OPV use in routine immunization.

College Success Among Students From Disadvantaged Backgrounds: “Poor” and “Rural” Do Not Spell Failure

The popular view of students reared in poverty is that they fall short across a wide range of domains relative to their more advantaged peers. In this ongoing longitudinal study, we follow a cohort of college students who come from poverty and were awarded full financial support for four years at a large public research university. The results after two full academic years are striking for the lack of difference in dropout rate and grade point average between these economically disadvantaged students and their college peers. We suggest that it is not poverty per se that leads to poorer college academic performance in such students but rather the demand on their time and energy to meet ongoing financial needs.

Sustainable financial management of tangible cultural heritage sites

Sustainable financial management of tangible cultural heritage sites

Excess mortality reduction given a “reduce patient mortality at all costs” scenario for mass burn casualties

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to estimate the effect on medical resource use and mortality of full financial support from the government for treatment costs after a mass burn casualty event in Taiwan. MethodsAll patients with burn injuries from the event were included (n = 483). Each burn patient from this incident was matched to a separate burn patient identified from the National Health Insurance database. Medical care usage and mortality were compared between groups at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month intervals. ResultsRegarding outpatient expenditure, burn patients from the mass casualty event had significantly higher levels of medical expenditure compared with their control counterparts at all intervals and levels of medical institution. For inpatient expenditure, patients from the mass casualty event only had higher expenditure for the first month, and excess procedures used by these patients mainly consisted of nonvital procedures such as rehabilitation training. The mortality rate was only slightly lower for this group of burn patients compared with their control counterparts. ConclusionsFull financial support by the government in terms of medical treatment may engender only marginal additional benefits in terms of mortality if burn treatment procedures are already well established in the country.

Transplantation Tourism and Recipients Perspectives and Experience

Background and Objectives Kidney transplantation is the gold standard for patients with end- stage kidney disease (ESKD). In view of shortages of available organs, long wait times for possible transplantation and strict regulation, many patients opt for commercial transplantation. This study elicits the reasons and motivations for ESKD patients to elect for commercial transplant. Design, Setting, Participants & Measurements A questionnaire-based evaluation was conducted during the period from July 2015 until late December 2015. It consisted of 29 multiple choice questions and was distributed to all patients who underwent commercial kidney transplantation. Results One hundred fifty patients were approached to participate and 106 agreed to participate. Of the participantsConclusions The study showed that the most common underlying cause for seeking commercial transplantation is the unavailability of a national transplant program, particularly transplantation from deceased sources. All western ethical arguments turn out to become of vital importance in developing countries, because transplantation is the cheapest renal replacement therapy. However, it must be emphasized that commercial transplants should not be an alternative to building a national transplant initiative. National diseased program must be a priority with full financial and administrative support. All government agencies including religious affairs must work together to support the program to provide the citizens with a good transplantation service and ameliorate the impact of commercial transplantation.

Drilling project at Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains, East Antarctica: recent progress and plans for the future

Abstract The Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains (GSM), located in the central part of East Antarctica, have become the subject of great scientific interest because the mechanism driving the uplift of the range, which resembles younger mountain ranges in shape, in the middle of the old Antarctic Plate is unknown. The next step planned in the exploration of the GSM will be focused on direct examination of the ice sheet bed by drilling. The use of cable-suspended drilling technology is proposed. All of the drilling equipment will be installed inside a movable, sledge-mounted, temperature-controlled, and wind-protected drilling shelter and workshop connected by steel pathway. To drill through ice and bedrock, a new version of the cable-suspended ice and bedrock electromechanical drill was designed and tested. During the 2017–18 season, the drilling shelter and workshop will be assembled near the Zhongshan Station and first field tests will be carried out. Drilling for bedrock on the GSM is planned as soon as full financial and logistical support is obtained for the project.

Optimisation of Acid Hydrolysis of Grasses using Response Surface Methodology for the Preparation of Bioethanol

The author would like to acknowledge Rector of University of Yangon and Ministry of Education for the permission to present this research paper to RCChE 2016 in Universiti Teknologi Malaysia and AUN/SEED-Net (JICA) for full financial support.

Commercial Kidney Transplantation: Attitude, Knowledge, Perception, and Experience of Recipients

IntroductionKidney transplantation is the gold standard for patients with end-stage kidney disease. In view of shortages of available organs, long wait times for possible transplantation, and strict regulation, many patients opt for commercial transplantation. This study elicits the reasons and motivations for patients with end-stage kidney disease to elect for commercial transplant.MethodsA questionnaire-based evaluation was conducted during the period from July 2015 until late December 2015. It consisted of 29 multiple choice questions and was distributed to all patients who underwent commercial kidney transplantation.ResultsOne hundred and fifty patients were approached to participate and 106 agreed. Of the participants, 60% were male with an average age of 41.5 (SD 14.8) years and ranged from 18 to 83 years. The majority (82%) of our participants were educated ranging from primary to college level. The major reason (71%) for these participants to obtain commercial transplants was stated as the unavailability of a live related donor. Thirteen percent stated that they objected to getting a kidney donated from a family member, and 9% stated that they were worried about taking a kidney from a family member. Finally, 3% of participants stated that they needed prompt transplant and could not wait for a long time for transplant investigations and the workup associated with this program.DiscussionThe study showed that the most common underlying cause for seeking commercial transplantation is the unavailability of a national transplant program, particularly transplantation from deceased sources. All western ethical arguments turn out to become of vital importance in developing countries, because transplantation is the cheapest renal replacement therapy. However, it must be emphasized that commercial transplants should not be an alternative to building a national transplant initiative. The national diseased program must be a priority with full financial and administrative support. All government agencies including religious affairs must work together to support the program and to provide the citizens with a good transplantation service and ameliorate the impact of commercial transplantation.