Full Expression Research Articles

Cloning of full length sequence, expression profiling and polymorphism analysis of porcine Wnt10b gene

Cloning of full length sequence, expression profiling and polymorphism analysis of porcine Wnt10b gene

Strategies of Overcoming Challenges in Travel Guides Translation (a Corpus-Based Study)

The action research is a parallel corpus study that delves into the translation peculiarities of translated English travel guides and a few websites. The corpus is based on Newmark`s strategies which endorse the availability of effective analyses. The results of the findings have shown: (a) as a full expression of simplification, one of the translation universals, translated English tourism texts are more concise than their Armenian source texts through the omission of detailed information in listings and culture-specific information in the original ; (b) translated English tourism texts are more formal and detached in tone than that of Armenian original through the frequent adoption of nominalization; (c) translation strategies are of great avail to find out mistranslations and misinterpretations of the tourist texts. The very research instantiated intricacies between the translated English tourism texts and the source text in Armenian by highlighting the thematic and formal features of tourism discourse in translation, which may also become an essential pedagogic platform in translating tourism texts from Armenian into English.

A general multivariate lifetime model with a multivariate additive process as conditional hazard rate increment process

The object of the present paper is the study of the joint lifetime of d components subject to a common stressful external environment. Out of the stressing environment, the components are independent and the lifetime of each component is characterized by its failure (hazard) rate function. The impact of the external environment is modelled through an increase in the individual failure rates of the components. The failure rate increments due to the environment increase over time and they are dependent among components. The evolution of the joint failure rate increments is modelled by a non negative multivariate additive process, which include Lévy processes and non-homogeneous compound Poisson processes, hence encompassing several models from the previous literature. A full form expression is provided for the multivariate survival function with respect to the intensity measure of a general additive process, using the construction of an additive process from a Poisson random measure (or Poisson point process). The results are next specialized to Lévy processes and other additive processes (time-scaled Lévy processes, extended Lévy processes and shock models), thus providing simple and easily computable expressions. All results are provided under the assumption that the additive process has bounded variations, but it is possible to relax this assumption by means of approximation procedures, as is shown for the last model of this paper.

Periyar’s Spatial Thought: Region as Non-Brahmin Discursive Space

Even as historical studies of the conceptualisation of the region in Tamil Nadu invariably trace it back to the early Dravidian movement, ‘region’ is seen as peripheral to Periyar’s radical anti-caste thought in existing scholarship. This flows from both a limited focus on the spatial aspects of Periyar’s thought and a narrow conceptualisation of space itself. Diverging from the dominant physicalist view of space, this article views Periyar’s politics of space as a radical attempt to subvert the cultural logic of hegemonic nationalism that sustained caste and its privileges through modernity. Outlining Periyar’s criticism of the nation as a ‘dominated space’, it explores Periyar’s conception of Dravida Nadu as an ‘appropriated space’ that attempted to further the pursuit of self-respect as a rationally conceived regional utopia. By doing so, the article tries to contextualise Periyar’s spatial thought not as secondary to his anti-caste politics but as its fullest expression.

On the modelling of weights of kids to enhance growth in a local goat population under Tunisian arid conditions: the maternal effects.

To provide the local goat population with an adequate breeding scheme under an arid environment, this study aimed to evaluate the use of alternative models attempting to dissect the additive genetic (AG) and permanent environmental (PE) components of direct and maternal effects on weights of kids up to weaning. Records of 903 local kids over a period of 16years were used in this study. Data were split into four groups corresponding to four periods along weight recording. Periods 1/2/3/4 contained weights in an interval with upper-lower limits of 1-20/25-60/65-120/125-150days of age. Models including or ignoring maternal genetic or permanent environmental effects were fitted for all traits. For all periods, the best models were those including the AG component for both direct and maternal effects and the direct PE effect. Heritability estimates of both the direct and maternal effects ranged from low (0.02 for maternal heritability in P1) to moderate (0.17 for direct and maternal heritability in P2 and P3). Period 1 showed the lowest values for heritability of both direct and maternal effects, with also the largest estimate of the ratio of residual to total variance (around 0.2) compared with the other periods, with decreasing ratios as age increased (from 0.13 for P2 to 0.07 for P4). Both direct and maternal estimated breeding values (EBVs) showed high correlations for models fitting direct AG and PE (DGP) effects. For direct EBVs (DEBVs), correlations were above 0.99, indicating that the same animals are expected to be selected under any model that includes those components, regardless of the maternal effects included. For maternal EBVs, correlations were also high, but slightly lower than for the DEBVs between models including DGP effects and maternal genetic effects. Overall, our recommendation for genetic evaluations of direct and maternal effects in this population raised in extensive and harsh conditions is to use weight records preferably collected during the period of high milk production of dams, for which direct and maternal effects are expected to show full expression. Complete pedigrees and several generations of dam-progeny recording are needed to obtain a proper separation of environmental and genetic components.

Differential Regulation of Lhx9 Expression in Mouse and Chicken Limbs

The distal tip of the developing vertebrate limb is covered by a rim of thickened ectoderm called the apical ectodermal ridge (AER). The AER secretes fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) into the underlying mesoderm to control outgrowth and proximal‐distal patterning. Patterning during outgrowth proceeds from proximal to distal, with the proximal segment or stylopod being laid down first, then the zeugopod, and the distal segment or autopod forming last. Secreted Fgfs from the AER maintain a sub‐AER population of undifferentiated mesoderm, called the progress zone, that provides cells for this progressive differentiation.In mice, Lhx9and its homologue Lhx2are expressed in the sub‐AER mesoderm and appear to play redundant roles in maintaining the expression of other patterning molecules, such as Shh. Interestingly in the chicken, the expression of LHX9 is restricted to the anterior aspect of the sub‐AER mesoderm, while LHX2 retains the full distal expression seen in mice. Recent clinical reports of an LHX9 missense mutation in a patient with hypoplastic/missing thumbs and great toes suggest that LHX9 can play a critical role in normal limb development. We hypothesized that the chicken cis‐regulatory modules (CRMs) regulating Lhx9 might have subtle species‐specific sequence variations compared to the murine CRMs that correlate with this differential expression pattern.To test this hypothesis, potential CRMs were identified near the Lhx9 locus by in silicoanalysis, using sequence conservation and regulatory chromatin markers from published ChIP‐seq data. The potential CRMs were isolated and inserted into CRM‐reporter constructs. The limb‐related activity of a potential CRM was then determined by targeted regional electroporation into the distal chicken limb mesoderm.We identified a highly conserved, transcription‐factor‐rich 623 bp sequence within intron 12 of DENDD1B 132 kbp upstream of the chicken LHX9 transcription start site. The potential CRM was associated with H3k4me2, H3k27ac, p300 and H3k27me3. The associated CRM‐reporter construct displayed activity in both anterior and posterior sub‐AER limb mesoderm overlapping LHX9 and LHX2 expression. These findings are consistent with a distal sub‐AER LHX9enhancer, but do not account for the lack of posterior expression. This suggests that additional CRMs contribute to the final expression pattern of LHX9 in the limb. Twenty‐two additional potential CRMs were identified and will be further characterized to determine their role in restricting LHX9expression from the posterior mesoderm in chickens. Characterizing the differential regulation of Lhx9 during limb development may provide insight into the species‐specific variation of limb patterning.

Correction of a relativistic impulse approximation expression used to obtain Compton profiles from photon scattering doubly differential cross sections

A Compton profile (CP) can provide useful information about the electron populations and distributions in atoms, molecules, and ions to assess many physical properties of matter. However, a CP cannot be measured directly, but must be obtained from scattering data. The CPs discussed in this study are derived from photon-atom doubly differential cross sections (DDCS) via the following expression which is derived from an impulse approximation (IA) theory given by DDCS = KJ, where K represents a kinematic factor and J represents the CP. A relativistic version of this expression (i.e., RKJ)—an approximation of the full relativistic IA expression—is used for relativistic regimes; however, it does not yield accurate results for the inner and middle shells of moderate to heavy atoms. In this study, expressions from nonrelativistic (NR) hydrogen-like wavefunctions with a relativistic QED kinematic factor K rel and relativistic electron energy were derived to correct the RKJ expression for the K, L, M, and N atomic subshells. This derivation made it possible for relativistic contributions and screening effects to largely cancel, for any regime of energy angle and Z. Thus, the RKJ error which can be greater than 30% is reduced to within few percent over 99% of the electron momentum distribution range of any subshell CP when compared to published tabulated theoretical values. Two simple versions of the relativistic QED kinematic component of the corrected RKJ expressions were obtained and tested: one valid at high photon energies, and the other at small scattering angles. RKJ corrections were applied to the extraction of CP from the full spectrum K-N shell DDCS, which resulted in much improved accuracy for the K-shell. Good agreement was observed with tabulated beyond K-shell CPs around the tail regions, but systematic differences were found to occur at the maxima. The details of this phenomenon are illustrated and discussed in this article.

Oxidative Stress Contributes to Microvascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Women With a History of Gestational Diabetes

Women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are twice as likely to develop cardiovascular disease as their age‐matched counterparts. GDM is associated with endothelial dysfunction and elevated oxidative stress during pregnancy, and vascular dysfunction postpartum. However, the mechanism(s) mediating this postpartum dysfunction are unknown. Using the cutaneous circulation as a model, we examined if oxidative stress contributes to microvascular dysfunction in healthy women with a history of GDM (GDM). We hypothesized that: 1) endothelium‐ and nitric oxide (NO)‐dependent dilation would be attenuated in GDM compared to women with a history of normal pregnancy (NP), and 2) local antioxidant (L‐ascorbate) administration would augment endothelium‐ and NO‐dependent dilation in GDM. Ten NP (35±1yrs) and 10 GDM (34±1yrs) underwent a standard local heating protocol (42°C; 0.1°C·s‐1). Two intradermal microdialysis fibers were placed in the ventral forearm for local delivery of lactated Ringer’s (control), or 5mM ascorbate. After full expression of the local heating response, 15mM NG‐nitro‐L‐arginine methyl ester (L‐NAME; NO synthase‐inhibition) was perfused. Red cell flux was measured continuously by laser‐Doppler flowmetry and cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC=flux/MAP) was standardized to maximum (%CVCmax; 28mM SNP + 43°C). Urine albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) and plasma concentrations of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were measured. Women with history of GDM had attenuated endothelium‐dependent (GDM: 67±7 vs. NP: 90±4%CVCmax; p<0.001) and NO‐dependent (GDM: 54±7 vs. NP: 71±3%; p=0.001) dilation at the control site and tended to have higher urine ACR (p=0.06). Both endothelium‐dependent (r2=0.53, p=0.02) and NO‐dependent (r2=0.56, p=0.01) dilation were related to urine ACR in GDM. Local ascorbate perfusion improved endothelium‐dependent (82±5%CVCmax; p=0.03 vs. control) and NO‐dependent (68±5%; p=0.02 vs. control) dilation in those with history of GDM but had no effect in HC (p>0.05). There were no differences in plasma oxLDL (hxGDM:60.5 vs hxNP:50.9 U/L; p=0.18) or TBARS (hxGDM: 0.3 vs hxNP: 0.2 μM; p=0.26) concentrations between groups. These data suggest that otherwise healthy women with a history of GDM have attenuated microvascular endothelial function and that this dysfunction is mediated, in part, by oxidative stress at the level of the vasculature.

REM sleep promotes bidirectional plasticity in developing visual cortex in vivo

Sleep is required for the full expression of plasticity during the visual critical period (CP). However, the precise role of rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in this process is undetermined. Previous studies in rodents indicate that REM sleep weakens cortical circuits following MD, but this has been explored in only one class of cortical neuron (layer 5 apical dendrites). We investigated the role of REM sleep in ocular dominance plasticity (ODP) in layer 2/3 neurons using 2-photon calcium imaging in awake CP mice. In contrast to findings in layer 5 neurons, we find that REM sleep promotes changes consistent with synaptic strengthening and weakening. This supports recent suggestions that the effects of sleep on plasticity are highly dependent upon the type of circuit and preceding waking experience.

Role of Efficacy as a Determinant of Locomotor Activation by Mu Opioid Receptor Ligands in Female and Male Mice.

Mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonists produce locomotor hyperactivity in mice as one sign of opioid-induced motor disruption. The goal of this study was to evaluate the degree of MOR efficacy required to produce this hyperactivity. Full dose-effect curves were determined for locomotor activation produced in male and female Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice by (1) eight different single-molecule opioids with high to low MOR efficacy and (2) a series of fixed-proportion fentanyl/naltrexone mixtures with high to low fentanyl proportions. Data from the mixtures were used to quantify the efficacy requirement for MOR agonist-induced hyperactivity relative to efficacy requirements determined previously for other MOR agonist effects. Specifically, efficacy requirement was quantified as the EP50 value, which is the "Effective Proportion" of fentanyl in a fentanyl/naltrexone mixture that produces a maximal effect equal to 50% of the maximal effect of fentanyl alone. Maximal hyperactivity produced by each drug and mixture in the present study correlated with previously published data for maximal stimulation of GTPɣS binding in MOR-expressing Chinese hamster ovary cells as an in vitro measure of relative efficacy. Additionally, the EP50 value for hyperactivity induced by fentanyl/naltrexone mixtures indicated that opioid-induced hyperactivity in mice has a relatively high efficacy requirement in comparison with some other MOR agonist effects, and in particular is higher than the efficacy requirement for thermal antinociception in mice or fentanyl discrimination in rats. Taken together, these data show that MOR agonist-induced hyperactivity in mice is efficacy dependent and requires relatively high levels of MOR agonist efficacy for its full expression. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Mu opioid receptor (MOR) agonist-induced hyperlocomotion in mice is dependent on the MOR efficacy of the agonist and requires a relatively high degree of efficacy for its full expression.

Cohesin-dependence of neuronal gene expression relates to chromatin loop length.

Cohesin and CTCF are major drivers of 3D genome organization, but their role in neurons is still emerging. Here, we show a prominent role for cohesin in the expression of genes that facilitate neuronal maturation and homeostasis. Unexpectedly, we observed two major classes of activity-regulated genes with distinct reliance on cohesin in mouse primary cortical neurons. Immediate early genes (IEGs) remained fully inducible by KCl and BDNF, and short-range enhancer-promoter contacts at the IEGs Fos formed robustly in the absence of cohesin. In contrast, cohesin was required for full expression of a subset of secondary response genes characterized by long-range chromatin contacts. Cohesin-dependence of constitutive neuronal genes with key functions in synaptic transmission and neurotransmitter signaling also scaled with chromatin loop length. Our data demonstrate that key genes required for the maturation and activation of primary cortical neurons depend on cohesin for their full expression, and that the degree to which these genes rely on cohesin scales with the genomic distance traversed by their chromatin contacts.

The hormonal and neural control of egg production in the historically important model insect, Rhodnius prolixus: A review, with new insights in this post-genomic era

Rhodnius prolixus, the blood gorging kissing bug, is a model insect, extensively used by Sir Vincent Wigglesworth and others, upon which the foundations of insect physiology, endocrinology, and development are built. It is also medically important, being a principal vector of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease in humans. The blood meal stimulates and enables egg production, and since an adult mated female can take several blood meals, each female can produce hundreds of offspring. Understanding the reproductive biology of R. prolixus is therefore of some critical importance for controlling the transmission of Chagas disease.The R. prolixus genome is available and so the post-genomic era has arrived for this historic model insect. This review focuses on the female reproductive system and coordination over the production of eggs, emphasizing the classical (neuro)endocrinological studies that led to a model describing inputs from feeding and mating, and the neural control of egg-laying. We then review recent insights brought about by molecular analyses, including transcriptomics, that confirm, support, and considerably extends this model. We conclude this review with an updated model describing the events leading to full expression of egg production, and also provide a consideration of questions for future exploration and experimentation.

2-Aminoethylphosphonate utilization in Pseudomonas putida BIRD-1 is controlled by multiple master regulators.

SummaryBacteria possess various regulatory mechanisms to detect and coordinate a response to elemental nutrient limitation. In pseudomonads, the two‐component system regulators CbrAB, NtrBC and PhoBR, are responsible for regulating cellular response to carbon (C), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) respectively. Phosphonates are reduced organophosphorus compounds produced by a broad range of biota and typified by a direct C‐P bond. Numerous pseudomonads can use the environmentally abundant phosphonate species 2‐aminoethylphosphonate (2AEP) as a source of C, N, or P, but only PhoBR has been shown to play a role in 2AEP utilization. On the other hand, utilization of 2AEP as a C and N source is considered substrate inducible. Here, using the plant‐growth‐promoting rhizobacterium Pseudomonas putida BIRD‐1 we present evidence that 2AEP utilization is under dual regulation and only occurs upon depletion of C, N, or P, controlled by CbrAB, NtrBC, or PhoBR respectively. However, the presence of 2AEP was necessary for full gene expression, i.e. expression was substrate inducible. Mutation of a LysR‐type regulator, termed AepR, upstream of the 2AEP transaminase‐phosphonatase system (PhnWX), confirmed this dual regulatory mechanism. To our knowledge, this is the first study identifying coordination between global stress response and substrate‐specific regulators in phosphonate metabolism.

Salivary testosterone, testosterone/cortisol ratio and non-verbal behavior in stress

The relationship between hormone release and non-verbal communication under stress conditions is still not sufficiently explored. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that salivary testosterone concentrations and testosterone/cortisol (T/C) ratios correlate positively with assertive behavior representing a non-aggressive form of dominance during an acute stress situation. As a stress model, a socially evaluated cold pressor test was investigated in healthy men. The non-verbal behavior was analyzed according to the ethological coding system for interviews described by Troisi (1999). Salivary testosterone concentrations did not change throughout the stress test. The T/C ratios decreased significantly over time only in subjects showing high stress perception. The duration of affiliative and the frequency of flight behavior was higher in subjects with high stress perception compared to those with low stress perception. A significant positive correlation between the duration of prosocial behavior and values of T/C ratios was found in the whole sample. The area under the curve values of testosterone positively correlated with the duration of assertive behavior in the group with high stress perception and negatively in the other group. Our findings allow suggesting that the changes in non-verbal behavior during acute psychosocial stress situations may be more pronounced in subjects showing high stress perception. Obtained results motivate further research on a better understanding of the consequences of the lack of sense of full facial expressions, such as wearing face masks, on the balance between hormones and non-verbal behavior under stress conditions.

Evaluation Using Polar Coordinate of the Representation of Movement in the Drawings of Children Aged 5 to 8 Years.

The progressive complexity of mental representation is the basis for changes in human cognitive development. Evaluation of its external manifestations as graphic representation in drawings could be an instrument to understand changes in cognitive development and representational complexity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the appearance and role of the indicators used by children to represent moving figures in their drawings. This allows us to know the continuum from its non-manifestation to full expression through the vectorial interrelationships of the graphic indicators in each of the ages studied. Participants were n = 240 children from 5 to 8 years old; their drawings of two moving figures were analyzed, applying the polar coordinate technique. Results show a map of interrelations among the graphical movement indicators and changes in the drawing elements in an increasing continuum of complexity and the roles conferred to figures sketched. The conclusion is that changes evaluated in drawings can interactively reflect mental representation, and they could promote its transformation. The applied transfer of the results to education is discussed, in order to optimize the representational complexity and cognitive development.

Preserving the White Man's Republic: Jacksonian Democracy, Race, and the Transformation of American Conservatism

The word democracy appears in neither the Declaration of Independence nor the Constitution. Yet, by the time Andrew Jackson was elected president in 1828, the transition to political democracy in the United States was complete. Thereafter, as Alexis de Tocqueville made clear, democracy became the essential characteristic of America. At the same time, Tocqueville admitted that the significance and implications of a democratic polity were often harder to appreciate. In Preserving the White Man's Republic, Joshua Aaron Lynn identifies the rudiments of modern conservatism in the populist democracy of the Jacksonians and their immediate successors. According to Lynn's conception of the Jacksonians' democratic ideology, the full expression of individualism and the full exercise of citizenship rested on patriarchy and white supremacy. The subjugation of women and Black people assured equality among white men. Unlike, for example, the Progressives of the early twentieth century, the Jacksonians did not believe that democracy could be strengthened by its extension to political outcasts. Nature itself had denied them individual rights. Government in the name of the people thus came to mean government in the name of white men. “The people” may have been a political abstraction; white men, Lynn insists, were not. Amid the intensifying sectional crisis and mounting reform ferment of the 1840s and 1850s, “democrats no longer aspired to enlarge democracy,” but to reserve its privileges “exclusively for white men” (p. 3). It was, he concludes, an inherently conservative and, in the end, reactionary undertaking.

Decorating Mothers, Defining Maternity

This article offers a detailed analysis of the symbolism and early operation of the Family Medal, a maternity award created by the French government in 1920. Launched at a time when the women’s rights were fiercely debated and when politicians feared for the longevity of the “French race,” this article claims the medal as a revealing tool of state efforts at gender and racial retrenchment. Honoring mothers who were moral and metropolitan, the medal represented an early attempt at institutionalizing a conservative and racialized vision of motherhood that would find fuller expression in the 1939 Family Code, itself a blueprint of Vichy family law.

Ribbon boosts ribosomal protein gene expression to coordinate organ form and function.

Cell growth is well defined for late (postembryonic) stages of development, but evidence for early (embryonic) cell growth during postmitotic morphogenesis is limited. Here, we report early cell growth as a key characteristic of tubulogenesis in the Drosophila embryonic salivary gland (SG) and trachea. A BTB/POZ domain nuclear factor, Ribbon (Rib), mediates this early cell growth. Rib binds the transcription start site of nearly every SG-expressed ribosomal protein gene (RPG) and is required for full expression of all RPGs tested. Rib binding to RPG promoters in vitro is weak and not sequence specific, suggesting that specificity is achieved through cofactor interactions. Accordingly, we demonstrate Rib's ability to physically interact with each of the three known regulators of RPG transcription. Surprisingly, Rib-dependent early cell growth in another tubular organ, the embryonic trachea, is not mediated by direct RPG transcription. These findings support a model of early cell growth customized by transcriptional regulatory networks to coordinate organ form and function.

Abstract P5-05-01: Metabolite profiling and RNA-seq identifies novel metabolomic-genomic biomarker and therapeutic options for rapidly proliferating breast cancers

Abstract Metabolic dysregulation is one of the distinctive features of breast cancer, yet remains under-characterized in different subtypes of breast cancer. In this study, we performed full metabolome profiling and RNA-seq gene expression analyses on patient samples comprised of Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) and Estrogen Receptor (ER) positive breast cancers, as well as TNBC patient-derived xenografts (PDX). We identified two major metabolic groups using hierarchical clustering analysis of global metabolite levels: a Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched group and a Lipid/Fatty Acid-Enriched group. The Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched group is populated by the majority of TNBCs and all TNBC PDX samples, and shows high levels of energy consumption and nucleotide biosynthesis related metabolites, while the Lipid/Fatty Acid-Enriched group contained all ER+ cancers (and normal breast tissues) and showed high levels of lipids and fatty acids. Using these two metabolite-defined groups, we compared metabolic signatures to RNA-seq expression data and identified gene expression signatures that correlated with each metabolic group. This novel integrated signature identified classic proliferation-associated genes as highly expressed in the Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched metabolomics group. We next sought to therapeutically target the Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched group through targeting of nucleotide metabolism using a pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitor (DHODH inhibitor, Brequinar), and/or a glutaminase inhibitor (CB-839), and observed tumor volume reductions and improved survival times using the TNBC PDX models. Notably,. when the DHODH inhibitor Brequinar was tested on four different immune-competent TNBC mouse models, it showed significant single agent activity, and in 3/4 cases had better activity than carboplatin/paclitaxel combination, and with less toxicity. Our study reveals a new molecularly targeted therapy for rapidly proliferating TNBCs, guided by a novel set of metabolic-genomic biomarkers, which might be translated quickly as DHODH inhibitors are already FDA approved for use in other diseases. Citation Format: Cherise R Glodowski, Chengheng Liao, Cheng Fan, Juan Liu, Kevin R Mott, Akash Kaushik, Hieu Vu, Jason W Locasale, Samuel K McBrayer, Ralph J DeBerardinis, Charles M Perou, Qing Zhang. Metabolite profiling and RNA-seq identifies novel metabolomic-genomic biomarker and therapeutic options for rapidly proliferating breast cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-01.

Crystallographic parameterisation of distortions in the SOD framework in the sodalite and helvine groups: An analysis in condensed normal modes of an aristotype phase

AbstractCrystallographic distortions in the alternating aluminium and silicon tetrahedral framework of sodalite (Na8Al6Si6O24Cl2), and beryllium and silicon in helvine (Mn8Be6Si6O24S2), (framework designated SOD) are described in terms of a set of condensed normal mode amplitudes and phases derived from an ideal tetrahedron of a theoretical aristotype phase. For a sodalite-structured hettotype phase in space group $P{\overline 4} 3n$, these normal modes transform as the irreducible representations A1, E(α) and T1(z) of point-group ${\overline 4} 3m$, where to a good approximation A1 acts as a pure breathing mode, E(α) as a polyhedral distortive mode and T1(z) as a rigid unit rotation about the unique ${\overline 4}$ axis of the T-site under consideration. Parameterisation of the mode amplitudes in terms of low-order polynomials as a function of thermodynamic variable permits the crystal structure of sodalite-structured phases to be accurately interpolated at intermediate values of the thermodynamic variable. Published data for the high-temperature behaviour of sodalite have been re-analysed in terms of mode amplitudes which accurately reproduce the temperature dependence of the bond lengths, bond angles and the Al–O–Si inter-polyhedral angle. Full expressions for these derived structural parameters in terms of mode amplitudes and the lattice parameter are tabulated and agree with experimental results to within one estimated standard deviation of the experimental parameter. The potential for mode decomposition in lower symmetry SOD framework crystal structures is illustrated by deriving an aristotype structure for tugtupite (Na8Al2Be2Si8O24Cl2) at room temperature in space group $I{\overline 4}$.