Full Day Research Articles

Early and exclusive enteral nutrition in infants born very preterm

ObjectiveTo characterise the effects of early and exclusive enteral nutrition with either maternal or donor milk in infants born very preterm (280/7–326/7 weeks of gestation).DesignParallel-group, unmasked randomised controlled trial.SettingRegional, tertiary...

A day in the life: Couples' everyday communication and subsequent relationship outcomes.

Understanding how communication processes contribute to well-functioning versus distressed couple relationships has relied largely on brief, laboratory-based conversations. Harnessing technological advancements, the present study extends the literature by capturing couples' naturalistic communication over one full day at Time 1 (T1). This study tested associations between data-driven categories of couple communication behaviors and relationship outcomes (i.e., relationship aggression, satisfaction, and dissolution) at Time 2 (T2), approximately 1 year later. Emerging adults in different-gender dating couples (n = 106 couples; 212 individuals; Mage = 22.57 ± 2.44; M relationship length = 30.49 months ± 24.05; 72.2% non-White) were each provided a smartphone programmed to audio record approximately 50% of a typical day. Interactions between partners were transcribed and coded for location, activity, affect, and a range of positive and negative communication behaviors for each partner. Even after controlling for T1 assessments of the relevant outcome, one's own hostility and one's partner's hostility at T1 were each positively associated with T2 relationship aggression and negatively associated with T2 relationship satisfaction. One's own withdrawal at T1 was positively associated with T2 relationship aggression perpetration, whereas one's partner's withdrawal was negatively linked to relationship satisfaction at T2. One's own playfulness, unexpectedly, was linked to lower subsequent relationship satisfaction. Withdrawal increased the likelihood of relationship dissolution, whereas warmth and playfulness decreased the likelihood of dissolution. The relevance of couples' ordinary, everyday communication for meaningful relationship outcomes is discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

DIM ESEE—Dubrovnik International ESEE Mining School

AbstractIn 2015, together with the University of Zagreb and other partners, the Resources Innovation Center of the Montanuniversität Leoben conceived a series of one-week training workshops—the “Dubrovnik International Eastern and Southeastern Europe Region Mining School—DIM ESEE”.Every October, 40–60 experts from the region meet in Dubrovnik for three (five in the early years) full days of specialist lectures, case-study discussions, and excursions.The DIM ESEE workshops aim to provide tailored and industry-oriented training for raw materials professionals, academics, and PhD students and address topics of current relevance to the mining community. In 2023, Montanuniversität was responsible for the topic “Innovation in Extraction” and created a comprehensive training program with interesting contributions from the mining supply industry.

137 Impacts of heat stress on the accuracy of an ear-tag sensor for detection of eating and rumination behavior in cattle

Abstract Ear-tag accelerometers are used for precision livestock management, but little is known regarding effects of varying environmental conditions on sensor performance. The objective was to evaluate accuracy of a commercially available ear-tag sensor (CowManager SensOor, Agis Automatisering BV, Harmelen, the Netherlands) in quantifying feeding behaviors under varying temperature-humidity indices (THI). RumiWatch System (RW) noseband sensors (Itin+Hoch GmbH, Liestal, Switzerland) were utilized as a benchmark. Nine Holstein-Angus steers (body weight: 488 ± 9 kg) were fitted with CowManager (CM) sensors and RW halters, with continuous monitoring during two 14-d phases: thermoneutral (TN: 21.0 ˚C, 64.0% humidity, THI = 67) and heat stress (HS: cyclical daily temperatures to mimic diurnal patterns; HS: 23.2 ˚C – 33.6 ˚C, 39.5 – 70.0% humidity, THI = 70.3 – 83.5). Steers were individually-housed (3×3 m) and provided ad libitum access to a mixture of corn silage and dried distillers grains with solubles. Hourly summaries of eating time (ET) recorded by CM were compared with EAT1TIME (head down) and EAT2TIME (head up) parameters from RW (v.7.3.36) as well as total ET (EAT1TIME + EAT2TIME); rumination time (RT) was also compared. Agreement was evaluated (R; v.4.3.1) over the full 24-h day (FULL) and a 6-h period from afternoon to early evening (AFT; 1400 – 2000 h) when HS effects would be most pronounced. Across both 14-d phases, agreement between CM and EAT1TIME was moderate to high (concordance correlation coefficient [CCC] = 0.69 to 0.77), whereas agreement with EAT2TIME and total ET was poor to moderate (CCC = 0.41 – 0.61). Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated significant underestimation of total ET by CM, with biases of -8.98 (-10.88, -7.09) to -6.44 (-7.51, -5.38) min h-1. Agreement for EAT1TIME was high for TN (CCC = 0.74), but only moderate during HS (CCC = 0.69) for the FULL dataset. Similarly, agreement for total ET was moderate for TN but poor for HS over FULL and during AFT, respectively (CCC: TN – 0.53, 0.54; HS – 0.47, 0.41). CowManager significantly underestimated EAT1TIME during HS (bias: FULL = -1.45 [-2.60, -0.30]; AFT = -2.14 [-3.93, -0.35] min h-1), but not TN (bias: FULL = -1.38 [-2.82, 0.06]; AFT = -1.83 [-3.68, 0.02] min h-1). Agreement for RT was high regardless of environmental conditions and time period analyzed (CCC = 0.74 – 0.81). However, during the critical AFT period, CM significantly overestimated RT under HS (bias: 4.42 [2.06, 6.79] min h-1) but not TN conditions (bias: -0.47 [-2.42, 1.47] min h-1). These results indicate that ET reported by CM is more reflective of time eating with the head down than the total time engaged in eating behaviors. Results of this study also suggest accuracy of ear-tag accelerometers may be impaired when cattle are subjected to heat stress.

The Implementation of Fire Disaster Mitigation at Harris Vertu Hotel Jakarta

Purpose: This research aims to find out and explain how the Harris Vertu Jakarta hotel is implemented in dealing with disasters that are likely to occur, especially fire disasters, disasters are something that cannot be predicted, and knowing how to deal with disasters is one of the skills that is needed in the hotel industry. because it is an obligation to make hotels safe from the threat of disasters, there are three types of disasters, natural disasters, non-natural disasters, and social disasters. In this research, researchers will conduct research related to non-natural disasters at the Harris Vertu hotel, namely fire disasters. Reseach metods: This study used qualitative-descriptive research techniques that used observation, interviews, and documentation to collect data. The samples of this study is HR Director, Chief Security, and Chief Engineer. Then the results of the data collected will be described descriptively. Result and discussion: The haris Vertu Hotel Jakarta has prepared the staffs to face disasters from the first day the staff worked at the Harris Vertu hotel where on the first day of work they were immediately given a full day of training, usually the training is given by HRD about hotel brands, executive chefs about hygiene, Chief Security about how to respond to disasters. In addition to the training provided on the first working day of the Harris Vertu hotel, it is also routine to conduct training every three months on how to deal with disasters if at any time they occur at the Harris Vertu hotel, things to do when disasters occur and how to use the tools used to deal with disasters.Harris Vertu Hotel also routinely conducts simulations every four months for all its staff, in the simulation each staff is given the opportunity to use all the equipment used to deal with disasters, besides that Hrris Vertu hotel also collaborates with outside parties to carry out this simulation, such as by ambulance, and fire department. Implication: This study focuses to answer the following questions: 1) How does Harris Vertu Hotel prepare for natural disasters, 2) How does Harris Vertu Hotel prepare its staff to face natural disasters. Keywords: Hotel, Fire, Non-natural Disaster, Disaster Mitigation

Isolation and Identification of Effective Probiotics on Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strains and Their Biofilms.

This study aimed to identify, assess, and isolate strong lactobacilli demonstrating broad antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity against drug-resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. Additionally, the mechanism of inhibition of these organisms was to be determined. Over a 6-month period (from December 2021 to June 2022), 53 clinical A. baumannii strains were collected from clinical samples. Twenty probiotic strains were isolated from local dairy products. Antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus strains' cell-free supernatant (CFS) was identified using the agar well diffusion method and the microbroth dilution test. Anti-biofilm effect was performed by the microtiter plate assay. The MTT assay was also used to look into the probiotics' cytotoxic effects on the L929 fibroblast cell line. During the 6-month period, 53 clinical A. baumannii strains were obtained and identified. Out of 20 lactobacillus strains, the CFS of a lactobacillus strain (named L9) showed an inhibitory effect against all A. baumannii strains. Using the broth microdilution method, it was shown that the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of CFS extracts of L9 strains against A. baumannii strains were both ¼ mg/mL. The result of the anti-biofilm showed that the selected probiotic could inhibit biofilm formation. The most common organic acid produced by all Lactobacillus strains, according to the HPLC method, was lactic acid, which was followed by acetic acid. The L929 fibroblast cell line was used in the cytotoxicity assay, which revealed that 100% of the cells in the L929 fibroblast cell line survived treatment with successive doses of CFSs for a full day. The probiotic strain isolated from local yogurt in this study showed potential anti-biofilm and antimicrobial properties against all drug-resistant Acinetobacter isolates. Given the increasing interest in probiotic microorganisms based on their high health benefits, further studies are recommended on the mechanisms of action between probiotics and A. baumannii strains to find new solutions for biological control and treatment of these infections without the use of antibiotics.

Household, neighbourhood and service provider risk factors for piped drinking-water intermittency in urban and peri-urban Zambia: A cross-sectional analysis

Given nearly one third of sub-Saharan Africa’s population lack access to an improved water source that is available when needed, service continuity restricts access to safely managed services. Household surveys, water regulators, and utilities all gather data on service continuity, but few studies have integrated these disparate datasets to quantify continuity-related risk factors and inequalities. This study aimed to assess the added value of utility and regulator data for international monitoring by assessing factors affecting piped water availability in urban and peri-urban Zambia. Household ‘user’ data from the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey (n = 3047) were spatially linked to provider data from an international utility database and regulator reports. Multilevel modelling quantified provider-related and socio-economic risk factors for households reporting water being unavailable for at least one day in the previous fortnight. 47% (95% CI: 45%, 49%) of urban and peri-urban households reported water being unavailable for at least one full day, ranging from 18% (95% CI: 14%, 23%) to 76% (95% CI: 70%, 81%) across providers. Controlling for provider, home ownership (odds ratio (OR) = 1.31; p <0.01), speaking Luvale, Kaonde, Lunda (OR = 2.06; p <0.05) or Tonga (OR = 1.78; p <0.1) as an ethnicity proxy, and dry season interview dates (OR = 1.91; p <0.05) were associated with household-reported interruptions. Households using a neighbour’s tap (OR = 1.33; p <0.1) and in mid-wealth neighbourhoods (OR = 4.31; p <0.1) were more likely to report interruptions. For every $1000 increase in utility-level GDP per capita, the odds of an interruption were 0.51 times less (p<0.01). Substantial inequalities in drinking-water availability were found between provider coverage areas. Spatial integration of user, provider and regulator data enriches analysis, providing a finer-scale perspective than otherwise possible. However, wider use of utility or regulator data requires investment in monitoring of small-scale community supply intermittency and utility coverage area data.

The The Influence of School Well-Being on Learning Achievement of Full Day School of Elementary Students

The objective of this study is to investigate the correlation between school well-being and academic performance among full-day students enrolled at MI Muhammadiyah PK Wirogunan Kartasura. This is a descriptive-quantitative study employing an explanatory methodology. The study sample comprised 127 upper-class students enrolled at MI Muhammadiyah PK Wirogunan Kartasura during the academic year 2022–2023. The research employed a total sampling technique to select the sample, resulting in 127 samples utilised for the study. This research makes use of documentation, questionnaires, and observation as data collection methods. Simultaneously, a questionnaire comprising 25 items was employed as the data collection instrument in this study. This study employs a variety of data analysis techniques, including tests of research instruments' validity and reliability, tests of classical assumptions, and hypothesis testing via simple linear regression analysis. The findings of this research indicated that student learning achievement at MI Muhammadiyah PK Wirogunan Kartasura was significantly impacted by school well-being. The t-count value (3.7788) exceeded the critical t-value (1.657) from the t-table, and the p-value (0.000) was less than 0.05. Furthermore, according to the findings of the study, the indicator of belonging in school well-being has the highest mean value.

The 2022 Starlink Geomagnetic Storms: Global Thermospheric Response to a High‐Latitude Ionospheric Driver

AbstractIn this study, we present ionospheric observations of field‐aligned currents from AMPERE and the ESA Swarm A satellite, in conjunction with high‐resolution thermospheric density measurements from accelerometers on board Swarm C and GRACE‐FO, for the third and 4 February 2022 geomagnetic storms that led to the loss of 38 Starlink internet satellites. We study the global storm time response of the thermospheric density enhancements, including their decay and latitudinal distribution. We find that the thermospheric density enhances globally in response to high‐latitude energy input from the magnetosphere‐solar wind system and takes at least a full day to recover to pre‐storm density levels. We also find that the greatest density perturbations occur at polar latitudes consistent with the magnetosphere‐ionosphere dayside cusp, and that there appeared to be a saturation of the thermospheric density during the geomagnetic storm on the fourth. Our results highlight the critical importance of high‐latitude ionospheric observations when diagnosing potentially hazardous conditions for low‐Earth‐orbit satellites.

Detecting Eating Episodes From Wrist Motion Using Daily Pattern Analysis.

This paper presents new methods to detect eating from wrist motion. Our main novelty is that we analyze a full day of wrist motion data as a single sample so that the detection of eating occurrences can benefit from diurnal context. We develop a two-stage framework to facilitate a feasible full-day analysis. The first-stage model calculates local probabilities of eating P(Ew) within windows of data, and the second-stage model calculates enhanced probabilities of eating P(Ed) by treating all P(Ew) within a single day as one sample. The framework also incorporates an augmentation technique, which involves the iterative retraining of the first-stage model. This allows us to generate a sufficient number of day-length samples from datasets of limited size. We test our methods on the publicly available Clemson All-Day (CAD) dataset and FreeFIC dataset, and find that the inclusion of day-length analysis substantially improves accuracy in detecting eating episodes. We also benchmark our results against several state-of-the-art methods. Our approach achieved an eating episode true positive rate (TPR) of 89% with 1.4 false positives per true positive (FP/TP), and a time weighted accuracy of 84%, which are the highest accuracies reported on the CAD dataset. Our results show that the daily pattern classifier substantially improves meal detections and in particular reduces transient false detections that tend to occur when relying on shorter windows to look for individual ingestion or consumption events.

Development of an electronic food ordering system and a la carte menu: Enhancing patient involvement in nutritional care

BackgroundMalnutrition is a significant issue in hospitals, leading to weight loss and reduced quality of life for patients. Hospital food plays a crucial role in preventing malnutrition, especially for patients with high nutritional risk or malnourishment. However, barriers to providing adequate nutritional care include a lack of tools to record patients' nutritional intake and a limited understanding of energy and protein content in hospital menus. ObjectiveThe study aimed to develop an electronic patient-centered food ordering system and an à la carte menu to improve patients' nutritional care and involvement in their dietary choices. MethodsThe study was conducted in two parts. Part 1 involved a questionnaire survey among hospitalized patients to determine their food preferences, self-assessed ability to use an electronic food ordering system, and preferences for different types of cuisine. The survey also investigated patients' meal choices for a full day, including portion sizes. Part 2 comprised usability tests of the electronic food ordering system prototype, conducted on hospitalized patients to identify interface issues and assess overall satisfaction. ResultsA total of 99 patients participated in the questionnaire survey. The majority (78.7%) found the selection of dishes appropriate. Patients' preferences were used to adjust the à la carte menu to reflect their meal choices. In the usability tests, the electronic food ordering system prototype showed positive results, and the System Usability Score was above the threshold for minor adjustments. ConclusionThe study successfully developed an electronic patient-centered food ordering system and an à la carte menu that aligned with patients' preferences and needs. The system demonstrated usability and potential to improve patients' nutritional care and involvement in their dietary decisions. By addressing the barriers to nutritional care, this system offers a feasible solution to prevent and treat malnutrition in hospitalized patients.

Socialization and Practice of Ice Breaking Anti Boring at SMAN 11 Sinjai

Background. Ice breaking is one way that can be done by the teacher so that the students do not feel bored, bored and sleepy in the full day school learning process. Teachers at SMAN 11 Sinjai have implemented ice breaking, but it's still monotonous.
 Purpose. The purpose of this community service activity is to inform as well as implement various kinds of ice breaking to the teachers of SMAN 11 Sinjai.
 Method. The method used in community service is socialization and practice. The subject of dedication is a teacher at SMAN 11 Sinjai. The implementation stages are preparation, implementation and reflection. Preparation which includes outreach to school principals and teachers and agreeing on a schedule for implementing community service. The implementation, namely the accompanying team carried out socialization, presentation and practice of ice breaking. While reflection is giving feedback to training participants and participants filling out questionnaires related to community service activities.
 Results. The result of this community service is that teachers can master and implement various kinds of ice breaking, especially for their students in the learning process in implementing the full day school.
 Conclusion. The application of ice breaker looks easy but requires sufficient skill, creativity and training so that the teacher is able to integrate it into the learning atmosphere in the classroom. This is caused without adequate knowledge so that learning using ice breaker becomes more noisy and meaningless.

Reported pain at work is a risk factor for vascular surgery trainee burnout

BackgroundWork-related pain is a known risk factor for vascular surgeon burnout. It risks early attrition from our workforce and is a recognized threat to the specialty. Our study aimed to understand whether work-related pain similarly contributed to vascular surgery trainee well-being. MethodsA confidential, voluntary survey was administered after the 2022 Vascular Surgery In-Service Examination to trainees in all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited vascular surgery programs. Burnout was measured by a modified, abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory; pain after a full day of work was measured using a 10-point Likert scale and then dichotomized as “no to mild pain” (0-2) vs “moderate to severe pain” (3-9). Univariable analyses and multivariable regression assessed associations of pain with well-being indicators (eg, burnout, thoughts of attrition, and thoughts of career change). Pain management strategies were included as additional covariables in our study. ResultsWe included 527 trainees who completed the survey (82.2% response rate); 38% reported moderate to severe pain after a full day of work, of whom 73.6% reported using ergonomic adjustments and 67.0% used over-the-counter medications. Significantly more women reported moderate to severe pain than men (44.3% vs 34.5%; P < .01). After adjusting for gender, training level, race/ethnicity, mistreatment, and dissatisfaction with operative autonomy, moderate-to-severe pain (odds ratio, 2.52; 95% confidence interval, 1.48-4.26) and using physiotherapy as pain management (odds ratio, 3.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-9.14) were risk factors for burnout. Moderate to severe pain was not a risk factor for thoughts of attrition or career change after adjustment. ConclusionsPhysical pain is prevalent among vascular surgery trainees and represents a risk factor for trainee burnout. Programs should consider mitigating this occupational hazard by offering ergonomic education and adjuncts, such as posture awareness and microbreaks during surgery, early and throughout training.

Expanding Medical Education to Include Substance Use Disorders During Pregnancy and Postpartum: Preliminary Effectiveness of a Pilot Curriculum for Medical Students.

To effectively combat the simultaneous overdose and maternal mortality crises, a multimodal approach is needed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the preliminary effectiveness of a pilot, experiential learning, substance use disorder (SUD) curriculum embedded into a third-year medical student obstetrics and gynecology clerkship to improve self-reported confidence in SUD clinical skills. This SUD curriculum was designed and implemented in an outpatient clinic, which provides integrated obstetric, gynecologic, and addiction medicine services for pregnant and parenting people with SUD. Third-year medical students on their obstetrics and gynecology clerkship rotated 1 full day through the OB MOTIVATE clinic between August 2020 and April 2022 and completed this curriculum. Students completed preclinic assignments and in-clinic tasks (eg, practicing SBIRT under supervision: screening, brief intervention, referral to treatment). Paired t tests assessed changes in outcomes, with increasing scores (range 1-5) demonstrating improvement. Sixty-three students rotated through the OB MOTIVATE clinic; 57 completed the curriculum and surveys. Results from the self-assessment tools demonstrated significant improvements in confidence in SUD clinical skills, including performing SBIRT (2.46 ± 0.80 vs 4.07 ± 0.59, P < 0.01), motivational interviewing (2.98 ± 0.86 vs 4.16 ± 0.65, P < 0.01), using evidence-based medicine (2.91 ± 1.09 vs 4.23 ± 0.66, P < 0.01), and collecting an SUD history (3.25 ± 1.04 vs 4.35 ± 0.55, P = 0.01). The integration of interventional curriculums into medical school and residency programs could be an effective avenue to reinforce addiction knowledge and teach new skills. This practical 1-day pilot curriculum demonstrated preliminary effectiveness at introducing third-year medical students to the complexities of SUD in pregnancy and postpartum. Further investigations of feasible and acceptable SUD educational interventions are warranted.

Museum-based art activities to stay young at heart? Results of a randomized controlled trial.

Health benefits have been reported with art activities. Heart rate is a biomarker of health state. The aim of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to compare the changes in heart rate over a 3 month-period in older adults participating in art-based activities at the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts (MMFA, Quebec, Canada) and in their control counterparts. Participants (mean age 71.0 ± 5.1; 84.9% female) were a subset of older community dwellers recruited in a RCT in two parallel groups (n = 28 in the intervention group and n = 25 in the control group) who had their heart rate recorded. They attended weekly participatory MMFA-based art activities over a 3-month period. Heart rate was collected via the smart watch Fitbit Alta HR at baseline (M0) and at 3 months (M3). The outcomes were mean heart rate per hour for the full day, including active and inactive hours. Heart rate for full day (p = 0.018) and active hours (p = 0.028) were slower in the intervention group compared to the control group. Decrease in mean heart rate for full day between M0 and M3 in the intervention group was higher than in the control group (p = 0.030). The linear regression showed that MMFA-based art activities decreased full day heart rate (Coefficient of regression Beta = -6.2 with p = 0.010). MMFA-based art activities significantly decreased full day heart rate, suggesting a health benefit in older community dwellers who participated in the RCT.Clinical trial registration: NCT03679715.

Core design optimization of a 200 MWt pressurized water SMR using evolutionary simulated annealing

The paper presents the design optimization of a pressurized small modular reactor (SMR) core using evolutionary simulated annealing (ESA). The core was designed for the power output of 200 MWt based on the typical 17 × 17 fuel assemblies of a traditional PWR. The core consists of 37 fuel assemblies of F235, F340 and F445 types corresponding to the 235U enrichment levels of 2.35, 3.40 and 4.45 wt%, respectively. The design target is to attain the fuel cycle length of about 900 effective full power days (EFPDs) with a minimum core average 235U enrichment, while flattening the radial power distribution. Lattice and core physics calculations were performed using the SRAC code system. The COREBN module of the SRAC code system was coupled with the ESA method for performing the core burnup calculations during the optimization process. A fitness function was chosen to combine the objectives of the cycle length, the core average enrichment and the radial power peaking factor (PPF). A survey was conducted for determining the optimal control parameters of the ESA method and the weighting factors in the fitness function associated to the design objectives. The optimal core was selected from the ESA search consisting of 21 assemblies of F235, 8 of F340 and 8 of F445 type, respectively. The core average 235U enrichment is 3.031 wt% with the cycle length of about 840 EFPDs. The PPF of the selected core is 1.428 which appears at the centered assembly.

ERASURE: early autologous blood pleurodesis for postoperative air leaks—a randomized, controlled trial comparing prophylactic autologous blood pleurodesis versus standard watch and wait treatment for postoperative air leaks following thoracoscopic anatomic lung resections

BackgroundThe prolonged air leak is probably the most common complication following lung resections. Around 10–20% of the patients who undergo a lung resection will eventually develop a prolonged air leak. The definition of a prolonged air leak varies between an air leak, which is evident after the fifth, seventh or even tenth postoperative day to every air leak that prolongs the hospital stay. However, the postoperative hospital stay following a thoracoscopic lobectomy can be as short as 2 days, making the above definitions sound outdated. The treatment of these air leaks is also very versatile. One of the broadly accepted treatment options is the autologous blood pleurodesis or “blood patch”. The purpose of this trial is to investigate the impact of a prophylactic autologous blood pleurodesis on reducing the duration of the postoperative air leak and therefore prevent the air leak from becoming prolonged.MethodsPatients undergoing an elective thoracoscopic anatomic lung resection for primary lung cancer or metastatic disease will be eligible for recruitment. Patients with an air leak of > 100 ml/min within 6 h prior to the morning round on the second postoperative day will be eligible for inclusion in the study and randomization. Patients will be randomized to either blood pleurodesis or watchful waiting. The primary endpoint is the time to drain removal measured in full days. The trial ends on the seventh postoperative day.DiscussionThe early autologous blood pleurodesis could lead to a faster cessation of the air leak and therefore to a faster removal of the drain. A faster removal of the drain would relieve the patient from all the well-known drain-associated complications (longer hospital stay, stronger postoperative pain, risk of drain-associated infection, etc.). From the economical point of view, faster drain removal would reduce the hospital costs as well as the costs associated with the care of a patient with a chest drain in an outpatient setting.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (DRKS) DRKS00030810. 27 December 2022

Study on tritium transport characteristics in fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature advanced reactor

Fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature reactors (FHRs) are a promising reactor class that combines prominent attributes from the Gen-Ⅳ reactors, raising attractive interests of the international community. However, tritium control has been a major challenge in FHRs because of the neutron reactions of lithium. It's necessary to study the transport characteristics of tritium in the fluoride-salt-cooled high-temperature advanced reactor (FuSTAR) and to provide theoretical support for appropriate tritium control measures and safe operation of the FHRs. In this paper, the inclusive transport characteristics of production, graphite adsorption, diffusion, dissolution, and permeation on tritium in the primary loop are analyzed. The mathematical and physical model of the tritium transport phenomenon is established, and an analysis model of tritium transport characteristics is also developed. Then, the tritium transport characteristics in the FuSTAR primary loop are analyzed. The results show that the tritium in the FuSTAR primary loop mainly exists in the form of Diatomic Tritium (T2), and it's found that Tritium Fluoride (TF) and T2 are adsorbed by graphite after being generated in the core, and this process reaches saturation in about 150 Effective Full Power Days (EFPDs). It also indicates that almost 48% of tritium penetrates the secondary loop through the heat exchanger, and only about 3.8% of tritium is adsorbed on the core graphite. TF makes the corrosion of the heat exchanger and downcomer more serious. Finally, the safety of tritium transport in FuSTAR is conservatively estimated, with a tritium emission dose of 0.1674 mSv/a. This study can provide a theoretical reference for the structural design, tritium recycling, and radiation protection of FHRs.

Preface

The nanoSAFE conference is organized regularly since 2008. Every two years, this event aims to share the latest research results on health and safety issues related to nanomaterials and beyond. Following the successful outcome of the seven past international conferences on Safe Production and Use of Nanomaterials – nanoSAFE 2008, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020 – the organizing committee had the pleasure of welcoming many participants for this eighth edition with some of the most famous experts in the field. This year, for the first time in its history, the nanoSAFE conference met the NanoSafety Cluster (NSC) in a new format: NanoSAFE & NSC joint conference.The event aimed to enable all attendees to share and discuss the latest R&D results on environmental, health and safety issues related to nanomaterials and advanced materials. With more than 180 scientific communications, the nanoSAFE 2023 and NanoSafety Cluster joint conference was the place to be to discuss Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD), Risk Governance, Advanced Materials Characterization, Digitalization of nanosafety or Micro & Nanoplastics, among others. The conference program was organized in 8 technical sessions, in which 5 plenary lectures and 101 oral presentations were given. 75 posters were presented and discussed along the week in the conference exhibition area. The event included a full day and two panel discussions dedicated to Safe and Sustainable by Design Solutions gathering a wide community of scientists from academia and industry. In this 8th edition, there were more than 250 registered participants from 31 different countries.This volume contains a collection of contributions presented at the 8th Nanosafe International Conference on Health and Safety issues related to nanomaterials for a socially responsible approach (nanoSAFE 2023 and NanoSafety Cluster joint conference) held in Grenoble, France, from 5th to 9th June 2023. The proceedings were peer-reviewed and assessed by conference committee members based on their quality and their relevance to the conference.It is a great honor to thank the scientific committee, the local organizing committee and the staff of the CEA Liten for their support before, during and after the conference. We would like to express our gratitude towards the conference participants as well as the NanoSafetyCluster who sincerely contributed to this event in order to make it a success.This eighth edition had been a great success and the Local Organizing Committee want to acknowledge all the attendees for their presence and the quality of their presentations.With warm regards, nanoSAFE 2023 and NanoSafety Cluster joint conference organizers nanoSAFE’ 2023 overview www.nanosafe.org Copyright: NanoSafe 2023/CEAList of Committees is available in this pdf.

MANAJEMEN SARANA PRASARANA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI SISWA SMK DI KOTA BANDUNG

The title of this research is ’’Management infrastructure to improve competency of vocational students in Bandung.’’ (case of study research qualitative in SMK Pasundan 1 and SMK Bina Warga Bandung) This research as background with the fact at field which indicate cause low score of vocational high school students in Bandung with the score of UNBK 7, 2 is the cause of factor less infrastructure at the school, management means of infrastructure do not complete have consequence isn’t develop even descend of student competence in the major or skill program in that school. Low in the student’s practice score, could reach low of student compatitative ability in Bandung, that impact from management infrastructure uncompleted. The research purpose for knowing illustration of planning, implementation, evaluation, problem and solve the problem faced in management infrastructure to increase students of vocational high school competence in Bandung. Study as base in this research consist of base philosopycal, the rule of Permindiknas number 40, 2008 period about standard infrastructure in SMA/MAK theories specialists about management and student of SMK competition too. The research method used is descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The objects of the research are SMK Pasundan 1 and SMK Bina Warga Bandung, data obtained through observation techniques, documentation studies, and interviews. The Research results that can be decomposed based on research objectives, including description of the results at two research sites, in terms of planning in accordance with the vision, mission, strategy, and school policies, the implementation of infrastructure management is in accordance with the expected planning although there are still mismatches in several aspects facilities especially the fulfillment of their respective vocational labs, the evaluation of the process of infrastructure management is carried out by the principal or vice-principal, while the assessment of student competencies is carried out by the teacher authentically including attitudes, knowledge and skills competencies including practice exams and theories known as competency test, with different results at the two study sites. the problems faced include the availability of incomplete vocational books, infrastructure in the form of vocational practice laboratories incomplete, hospitality practice tools that are still very minimal, including land and not too extensive, resulting in ineffective student learning activities, especially student practice development activities. The solution carried out by the school, the process of teaching and learning of students into two parts, namely the morning and afternoon, resulting in full day classes. Furthermore, carrying out the TEFA program or industrial class that is being echoed by the government, the next solution is to create a digital library, a literacy corner, there is an ebook that can be downloaded directly so that the area of ​​the land is not a problem for the development of increasing the competency of vocational students in Bandung.