Frustrated Heisenberg Chain Research Articles

Deconfinement transition and bound states in frustrated Heisenberg chains: Regimes of forced and spontaneous dimerization

We use recently developed strong-coupling expansion methods to study the two-particle spectra for the frustrated alternating Heisenberg model, consisting of an alternating nearest neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange and a uniform second neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange. Starting from the limit of weakly coupled dimers, we develop high order series expansions for the effective Hamiltonian in the two-particle subspace. In the limit of a strong applied dimerization, we calculate accurately various properties of singlet and triplet bound states and quintet antibound states. We also develop series expansions for bound state energies in various sectors, which can be extrapolated using standard methods to cases where the external bond alternation goes to zero. We study the properties of singlet and triplet bound states in the latter limit and suggest a crucial role for the bound states in the unbinding of triplets and deconfinement of spin-half excitations.

Marshall-Peierls Sign Rule in Frustrated Heisenberg Chains

We consider the frustrated antiferromagnetic S = 1 Heisenberg quantum spin chain with regard to the Marshall—Peierls sign rule. Using exact diagonalization data we investigate the breakdown of the Marshall—Peierls sign rule in dependence on frustration and compare our findings with data for s = 1/2. We calculate a critical value of frustration J21 , where the Marshall—Peierls sign rule is violated. The extrapolation of this value to the infinite chain limit holds J?' s: 0.016, lower than in the case of s = 1/2 (J2crit 0.027). This points to a stronger influence of frustration in the case of s = 1. Nevertheless, the calculation of the weight of the Ising-states violating the Marshall—Peierls sign rule shows that the latter holds approximately even for a quite large frustration and may be used for numerical techniques. PACS numbers: 75.10.Jm, 75.40.Mg, 75.50.Ee

Phase diagram of the half-filled Hubbard chain with next-nearest-neighbor hopping

We investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the half-filled one-dimensional Hubbard model with next-nearest-neighbor hopping using the Density-Matrix Renormalization Group technique as well as an unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation. We find commensurate and incommensurate disordered magnetic insulating phases and a spin-gapped metallic phase in addition to the one-dimensional Heisenberg phase. At large on-site Coulomb repulsion $U$, we make contact with the phase diagram of the frustrated Heisenberg chain, which has spin-gapped phases for sufficiently large frustration. For weak $U$, sufficiently large next-nearest-neighbor hopping $t_2$ leads to a band structure with four Fermi points rather than two, producing a spin-gapped metallic phase. As $U$ is increased in this regime, the system undergoes a Mott-Hubbard transition to a frustrated antiferromagnetic insulator.

Quantum lattice fluctuations in a frustrated Heisenberg spin-Peierls chain

As a simple model for spin-Peierls systems we study a frustrated Heisenberg chain coupled to optical phonons. In view of the anorganic spin-Peierls compound CuGeO${}_{3}$ we consider two different mechanisms of spin-phonon coupling. Combining variational concepts in the adiabatic regime and perturbation theory in the antiadiabatic regime we derive effective spin Hamiltonians which cover the dynamical effect of phonons in an approximate way. Ground-state phase diagrams of these models are determined, and the effect of frustration is discussed. Comparing the properties of the ground state and low-lying excitations with exact diagonalization data for the full quantum spin-phonon models, good agreement is found especially in the antiadiabatic regime.

Spectrum of elementary and collective excitations in the dimerizedS=1/2Heisenberg chain with frustration

We have studied the low-energy excitation spectrum of a dimerized and frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain. We use an analytic approach, based on a description of the excitations as triplets above a strong-coupling singlet ground state. The quasiparticle spectrum is calculated by treating the excitations as a dilute Bose gas with infinite on-site repulsion. Additional singlet $(S=0)$ and triplet $(S=1)$ modes are found as two-particle bound states of the elementary triplets. We have also calculated the contributions of the elementary and collective excitations into the spin structure factor. Our results are in excellent agreement with exact diagonalizations and dimer series expansions data as long as the dimerization parameter \ensuremath{\delta} is not too small $(\ensuremath{\delta}>0.1),$ i.e., while the elementary triplets can be treated as localized objects.

From spinons to magnons in explicit and spontaneously dimerized antiferromagnetic chains

We reconsider the excitation spectra of a dimerized and frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain. This model is taken as the simpler example of competing spontaneous and explicit dimerization relevant for spin-Peierls compounds. The bosonized theory is a two-frequency sine-Gordon field theory. We analyze the excitation spectrum by semiclassical methods. The elementary triplet excitation corresponds to an extended magnon whose radius diverges for vanishing dimerization. The internal oscillations of the magnon give rise to a series of excited states until another magnon is emitted and a two-magnon continuum is reached. We discuss, for weak dimerization, the manner in which the magnon forms as a result of a spinon-spinon interaction potential.

Finite temperature density-matrix-renormalization-group investigation of the spin-Peierls transition inCuGeO3

We present a numerical study of thermodynamical properties of dimerized frustrated Heisenberg chains down to extremely low temperatures with applications to CuGeO$_3$. A variant of the finite temperature density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) allows the study of the dimerized phase previously unaccessible to ab initio calculations. We investigate static dimerized systems as well as the instability of the quantum chain towards lattice dimerization. The crossover from a quadratic response in the free energy to the distortion field at finite temperature to nonanalytic behavior at zero temperature is studied quantitatively. Various physical quantities are derived and compared with experimental data for CuGeO$_3$ such as magnetic dimerization, critical temperature, susceptibility and entropy.

Quantum Monte Carlo loop algorithm for thet−Jmodel

We propose a generalization of the quantum Monte Carlo loop algorithm to the $t\ensuremath{-}J$ model by a mapping to three coupled six-vertex models. The autocorrelation times are reduced by orders of magnitude compared to the conventional local algorithms. The method is completely ergodic and can be formulated directly in continuous time. We introduce improved estimators for simulations with a local sign problem. Some first results of finite-temperature simulations are presented for a $t\ensuremath{-}J$ chain, a frustrated Heisenberg chain, and $t\ensuremath{-}J$ ladder models.

Elementary excitations in dimerized and frustrated Heisenberg chains

We present a detailed numerical analysis of the low energy excitation spectrum of a frustrated and dimerized spin $S=1/2$ Heisenberg chain. In particular, we show that in the commensurate spin--Peierls phase the ratio of the singlet and triplet excitation gap is a universal function which depends on the frustration parameter only. We identify the conditions for which a second elementary triplet branch in the excitation spectrum splits from the continuum. We compare our results with predictions from the continuum limit field theory . We discuss the relevance of our data in connection with recent experiments on $CuGeO_{3}$, $NaV_2O_5$, and $(VO)_2P_2O_7$.

Ground states with cluster structures in a frustrated Heisenberg chain

We examine the ground state of a Heisenberg model with arbitrary spin S on a one-dimensional lattice composed of diamond-shaped units. A unit includes two types of antiferromagnetic exchange interaction which frustrate each other. The system undergoes phase changes when the ratio between the exchange parameters varies. In some phases, strong frustration leads to larger local structures or clusters of spins than a dimer. We prove for arbitrary S that there exists a phase with four-spin cluster states, which was previously found numerically for a special value of in the S = 1/2 case. For S = 1/2 we show that there are three ground-state phases, and determine their boundaries.

Numerical Calculation for Quantum States of a Doped Fermion Coupled with Spins on a Frustrated Heisenberg Chain

The behavior of a quantum island formed by a doped fermion to the oxygen site on a CuO 2 plane in high- T c superconducting oxides is investigated by the numerical calculation of the exact diagonalization for the Heisenberg s =1/2 chain system of 2×8, with special attention to the effect of the frustration introduced by the second nearest-neighbor antiferromagnetic exchange interaction. Though the island shrinks with increased coupling between the fermion and spins, it spreads significantly due to the essential contribution of the frustration.