Conversion Of Fructose Research Articles

K-carrageenan nanocomposite as an efficient acidic bio-based catalyst for the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from fructose

A novel bio-based nanocomposite was designed based on a modification of halloysite with k-carrageenan via precipitation polymerization with acrylic acid in aqueous media. Various techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were conducted to verify the formation of the catalyst. Afterward, it was tested as a solid acid catalyst for the dehydration of fructose, resulting in the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). Effective parameters, such as catalyst amount, temperature, and reaction time were optimized and it was revealed that 10 wt% catalysts at 100 °C gave the desired product (HMF, 97.9 % yield) in 35 min. The catalyst was also reusable and could be reused for up to four runs. k-carrageenan as a carbohydrate-containing acidic functionality in the backbone of prepared nanocomposite was successfully applied for improving the catalytic activity of halloysite. Thus, the present protocol can open up an innovative opportunity for the preparation of a bio-based catalytic system from naturally occurring components for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

Discovery of a Novel Ketohexokinase Inhibitor with Improved Drug Distribution in Target Tissue for the Treatment of Fructose Metabolic Disease.

Excessive fructose absorption and its subsequent metabolisms are implicated in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, and insulin resistance in humans. Ketohexokinase (KHK) is a primary enzyme involved in fructose metabolism via the conversion of fructose to fructose-1-phosphate. KHK inhibition might be a potential approach for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Herein, a series of novel KHK inhibitors were designed, synthesized, and evaluated. Among them, compound 14 exhibited more potent activity than PF-06835919 based on the rat KHK inhibition assay in vivo, and higher drug distribution concentration in the liver. Its good absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion and pharmacokinetic properties make it a promising clinical candidate.

Tandem Conversion of Fructose to Bio‐diketones Using a Multifunctional Pd‐POPs‐CF3SO3H Catalyst

AbstractTandem conversion of biomass to value‐added fine chemicals is a significant challenge. For instance, the production of fine chemicals from fructose involves conversion to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF), followed by another reaction and purification. Dual catalyst systems have been used in nearly every study on the tandem conversion of fructose to bio‐diketones. Therefore, a sole multifunctional heterogeneous catalyst was developed in this study for the tandem conversion of fructose to bio‐diketones, which has not been reported previously. Instrument corrosion and the separation or purification of 5‐HMF were avoided using the multifunctional heterogeneous catalyst, which contained integrated active sites of acid, metal, and anions. The multifunctional CF3SO3H‐functionalized porous‐organic‐polymers(POPs)‐supported Pd catalyst (Pd‐POPs‐CF3SO3H) was prepared using a series of modifications. A bio‐diketone yield of 51.0 % was achieved using Pd‐POPs‐CF3SO3H in the tandem conversion of fructose with an excellent TOF of 88.3 h−1 which is much more efficient than catalyst reported in literatures. Pd‐POPs‐CF3SO3H could be reused at least three times with stable performance. Control experiments and characterization results proved that the high specific surface area, hierarchical pore structure, abundance of CF3SO3−1 anions, and proximity of Pd moieties and acid sites (“The closer the better” principle) led to the decent performance for bio‐diketone.

Continuous conversion of fructose to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid by tandem fixed bed system

The direct synthesis of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) from readily renewable fructose, would provide a cost approach without separation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The method would realize efficient and continuous production, reduced by-products, without cumbersome HMF separation process, and reduced production costs. In this work, we succeeded in converting fructose directly into FDCA over combined Amberlyst-15 and Pd/Al2O3 in fixed bed reactor. We firstly time, compared One-bed two-catalysts (OBTC), and two-bed two-catalysts (TBTC) system. For the individual merits of the Amberlyst-15 and Pd/Al2O3, the catalytic performance of the combined beds is significantly improved compared with individual one. The high yields of FDCA (48 %) and fructose conversion (100 %) were obtained, respectively. Our one-step continuously method makes the FDCA production much more economical, energy-saved.

Microwave-assisted conversion of fructose to 5-HMF using carbonaceous acidic catalysts

Recently, the catalytic conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) has attracted much interest. The idea of a low-cost, sustainable, energy-efficient method is critical to obtain excellent yield and selectivity for the target product 5-HMF. In this work, microwave (MW) irradiation was chosen as a heating source for the conversion of fructose to 5-HMF with the presence of various amorphous carbons containing Brønsted acid sites as catalysts in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as a solvent. The catalysts’ morphology, surface functional groups, thermal stability, and compositions of the obtained solids were examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM), elemental mapping, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDX), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The effect of solvent, heating technique, MW power, time, and catalytic loading on the reaction was studied thoroughly. The highest 5-HMF yield of 79.9% and 5-HMF selectivity of 79.7% were achieved with the optimal condition. 5-HMF was easily separated using a liquid-liquid extraction procedure with high purity. Moreover, the catalyst can be quickly recovered and reused. MW irradiation has proved to selectively and efficiently promote the formation of 5-HMF with high yield in a short reaction time. A mechanism for the formation 5-HMF from fructose was also proposed.

Design approach for the sustainable synthesis of sulfonated biomass-derived hydrochars and pyrochars for the production of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural

The sustainable synthesis of carbon-based sulfonated acid catalysts from biomass is of paramount importance from the perspective of sustainability. However, the traditional pyrolysis method leads to low solid yields and poor carbon stability. A cascade synthesis is here proposed, combining hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis, to produce a “high-quality” carbon-based precursor, followed by its sulfonation to increase the pristine acidity. The proposed multi-step preparation is effective when each step is optimized, primarily the hydrothermal carbonization, which should be carefully optimized. A chemometric approach was employed to optimize the hydrochar synthesis, using microcrystalline cellulose as starting feedstock. The identified optimal reaction conditions were applied to the hydrothermal carbonization of hazelnut shells, which is a more complex but cheaper feedstock, and the obtained hydrochars were pyrolyzed to produce pyrochars. The most promising chars were sulfonated and tested as heterogeneous acid catalysts in the aqueous conversion of fructose to 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, a promising platform chemical of great industrial interest, obtaining maximum yields of about 40 mol%. These promising results pave the way for the use of such wastes as efficient acid catalysts for the synthesis of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural, contributing to ensure the biomass circular exploitation.

Nanoarchitectonics of Boron‐Nitride‐Supported Phosphomolybdic Acid as a Heterogeneous Catalyst for Conversion of Fructose to 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural

AbstractThe catalytic conversion of lignocellulose derived products to value added chemicals are of high importance in the quest to solve energy crisis. In this work, we have prepared the phosphomolybdic acid (PMA) supported on boron‐nitride (BN) nanosheets via a facile hydrothermal process. A series of heterogeneous catalysts has been prepared by using varying quantities of BN and PMA. All the catalysts were examined for the conversion of fructose to 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (5‐HMF) and one of them turns out to be the best catalyst. Different optimizations like catalyst amount, temperature and time have been performed using the best catalyst. Although the catalyst selectively forms 5‐HMF, the yield was relatively low, which could be explained using the zeta potential studies. However, it was interesting to note that an addition of H2SO4 (0.01 M) to the reaction mixture enhances the catalytic activity of the overall process and leads to the formation of levulinic acid (LA) in addition to 5‐HMF, which could be attributed to the increased acidity in the reaction mixture. Overall, this work provides deeper insights on the role of BN, PMA and H2SO4 in the conversion of saccharides to value‐added chemicals.

Catalytic Conversion of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Fructose to 5-Ethoxymethylfurfural over Sulfonated Biochar Catalysts

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a key platform compound that can be produced by the dehydration of typical carbohydrates like glucose and fructose. Among the derivatives of HMF, 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) is the etherification product of HMF with ethanol. Owing to some advantages (i.e., high energy density), EMF has been regarded as a potential liquid fuel. Therefore, catalytic conversion of HMF and fructose to EMF is of significance, especially using heterogeneous catalysts. In this paper, we demonstrated the preparation of biomass-based catalysts for the synthesis of EMF from HMF and fructose. Some sulfonated biochar catalysts were prepared by the carbonization of biomass-based precursors at high temperature in N2, followed by the subsequent sulfonation process employing concentered H2SO4 as sulfonation reagent. The obtained catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and element analysis. The catalytic conversion of HMF to EMF was carried out in ethanol, providing a 78% yield with complete conversion at 120 °C. The catalytic activity of the used catalyst showed slight decrease for the etherification of HMF. Moreover, the catalysts were effective for the direct conversion of fructose towards EMF in 64.9% yield. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

Effective Synergistic Hafnium-Aluminum Bimetallic Oxides catalysts for the Synthesis of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Glucose and Fructose

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is considered as a bridge connecting biomass and petrochemical products with excellent application potential and market prospects. In this work, a series of hafnium-aluminum bimetallic oxide (Al-HfOx) catalysts were synthesized with the coprecipitation method, possessing outstanding catalytic effect in the conversion of glucose or fructose to 5-HMF. 5-HMF yield of 49.31% was acquired from glucose in a methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)/saturated salt water (SSW) biphasic solvent at 170 ℃ after 2 h. When fructose was the substrate, 5-HMF yield was 74.85% in DMSO at 150 ℃ after 75 min. In addition, the reaction mechanism was speculated that the isomerization process could be promoted by the synergistic effects of aluminum and hafnium species, in which Hf-OH and Al-OH groups, and Hf active sites served as Brønsted and Lewis acidic sites, respectively. After at least four cycles, there was no remarkable wastage in the catalytic activity of Al-HfOx. This paper offers a prospective catalytic strategy for heterogeneous bimetallic oxide catalysts used in the effective conversion of carbohydrates to 5-HMF.

Under-utilized wild fruit Lepisanthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh: A discovery of novel lycopene and anthocyanin source and bioactive compound profile changes associated with drying conditions

Lepisanthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh (LRL), a wild fruit of Thailand, was characterized for phytochemicals including phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, anthocyanins, organic acids, and sugars. To process it, three drying methods were investigated, namely, freeze drying (FD), hot-air drying (HD), and sun drying (SD), which affected chemical components and antioxidant activities. The predominant phenolic acids and flavonoids were p-hydroxybenzoic acid, chlorogenic acid, vanillic acid, quercetin, rutin, and myricetin. Remarkably high amounts of lycopene (158 mg/100g db) and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (2005 mg/100g db) were observed. Flavonoids, carotenoids, and anthocyanin were decreased by all drying methods. Overall, FD was considered to be the most suitable for drying LRL fruit. Fructose conversion to mannitol during drying was explored by FTIR spectroscopy analysis in FD and HD samples. This study has revealed new information about LRL fruits, which could be a potential source of bioactive compounds; an appropriate drying method is suggested for further applications.

Hydrogel-based heterogeneous-acid-catalysts for converting carbohydrates into the platform chemical: 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

Background5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a significant platform chemical with the potential to be converted into hydrocarbon biofuels. Herein, a facile and reusable catalyst was investigated to synthesize 5-HMF from monosaccharides in a green solvent medium following eight green chemistry principles. MethodsA hydrogel-based heterogeneous acid catalyst was synthesized through photoreaction to determine its ability to dehydrate fructose in the invert sugar syrup into 5-HMF. The main structure of the hydrogel catalyst was formed with polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), and this backbone structure was modified by 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate potassium salt (3SMP) and further acidified by 3M HCl to form PEGDA-3SMP-H with 32.54 mmole/g of H+ amount on the catalyst. Significant findingsWith the PEGDA-3SMP-H catalyst, fructose conversion of 85.80% with a 5-HMF yield of 46.99% could be attained at 120°C for a 24 h reaction time in an aqueous medium with the co-solvent gamma-butyrolactone (GBL), which is considered a green solvent medium. PEGDA-3SMP-M (M=metal) hydrogel catalyst was synthesized using 8 different metal ions fixed on the 3SMP through ion exchange. The catalytic ability sequence for synthesized hydrogel catalysts followed H+> Cr3+> Cu2+> Al3+> Ni2+> Co2+ > Cu+> Fe3+> Fe2+ for 5-HMF formation. The 5-HMF yield was improved with consecutive cycles of using a regenerated PEGDA-3SMP-H catalyst. In the first cycle, the 5-HMF yield was 36.86%; in the second and third cycles, it was 39.39% and 41.49%, respectively. The prepared heterogeneous catalyst is preferred in terms of industrial applications owing to its facile synthesis, recyclability, stability, simple separation method, low equipment corrosion, and minimization of final product contamination with acid catalysts.

Catalytic dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over mesoporous Nb-W oxide solid acid catalyst

In this study, a mesoporous Nb-W oxide solid acid catalyst was synthesized and characterized in detail by TEM, N2 physisorption, and Py-FTIR. Effects of the calcination temperature on the pore structure and acid properties were investigated. The results showed that increasing calcination temperature from 400 °C to 600 °C remarkably affected the characteristics of mesoporous Nb-W oxides, with a decrease in specific surface area, pore volume, and acid amount, but an increase in pore size from 5.1 nm to 10.4 nm. Furthermore, a notable decrease was found in both the fructose conversion and HMF yield in the dehydration of fructose to HMF over Nb-W oxides when increasing the calcination temperature, and the catalyst could keep high catalytic activity and selectivity after recycling 4 times. Solvents also played a key role in the fructose dehydration to HMF over the Nb-W oxides, and DMSO was the optimized solvent. 1H NMR and 13C NMR experiments revealed that the key intermediate, 4-hydroxy-5-hydroxymethyl-4,5-dihydrofuran-2-carbaldehyde, could generate in DMSO but not in other solvents including NMP, DMF, DMAC, and EG.

Improved surface acidity of niobium doped tungstated-zirconia solid acid catalyst over production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

The 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) acts as an important chemical intermediate to bridge the biomass resources and industrial applications, which shows the potential for green development. However, the performance of biomass materials conversion to 5-HMF is still limited in the green solvent. Herein, an effective approach is reported to prepare the highly efficient solid acid catalysts, NbOx/WOy-ZrO2, to improve fructose conversion. It is found that the introduction of Nb results in the generation of the niobium oxides, which improves acid sites and tunes the ratios of Brønsted acid and Lewis acid on the surface of the WOy-ZrO2 support. With the acidity improvement and increasing acid sites of the NbOx/WOy-ZrO2, the highest fructose conversion is 99% in water. Meanwhile, the 5-HMF yield and the selectivity are also as high as 50.1% and 50.7% under the reaction temperature of 180 °C for a short reaction time of 30 min. The proposed NbOx/WOy-ZrO2 catalyst strategy will not only open a new way for designing the solid acid catalysts to achieve high performance of the 5-HMF in the water, but also promote the green production of biomass and sustainable development in the future.

Cooperative catalysis of carbon supported zinc salts hybrid for efficient conversion of fructose to ethyl lactate

Efficient conversion of biomass sugars to lactate is a great challenge due to the difficulty in regulating the active centers of the catalyst to match the cascade reaction. In this paper, a new process was developed by using a hybrid catalyst composed of two carbon-based catalysts ZnC1 and ZnC2 with different acidic and basic active sites. The catalytic performance of these two catalysts as well as their hybrid with different mixed mass ratio was investigated in fructose conversion to ethyl lactate (EL). Both ZnC1 and ZnC2 could offer abundant medium and strong basic sites, which are effective for the [3 + 3] retro-aldol condensation of fructose to glyceraldehyde (GLA) and 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA), while the H+ protons generated in situ by interaction with the hydroxyl groups in alcohol were responsible for the conversion of GLA and DHA to EL via dehydration, acetalization and rearrangement reactions. For these reasons, the hybrid catalyst afforded EL yield of 78.2% with turnover frequency of 43.4 mmol⋅h−1⋅g−1 and total selectivity of 98.2% reacting in ethanol at 220 °C, which are far higher than the previously reported values. Combined with the catalyst characterization, apparent kinetic modeling and DFT calculation, the catalytic reaction mechanism was clarified. The hybrid catalyst demonstrated good anti-leaching stability, while the deactivation was mainly resulted from coking coverage of the active sites. The research not only helps design and prepare the catalysts with bifunctional acidic and basic sites, but also deepens the insight into the conversion of biomass-derived sugars to value-added chemicals.

Effect of salt addition on cellulose conversion into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in metal chloride aqueous solution

Metal chloride aqueous solution is an effective method to promote the conversion of cellulose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). In this work, the influences of sodium chloride (NaCl) and lithium chloride (LiCl) on the conversion of cellulose into HMF in ferric chloride (FeCl3) aqueous solution were investigated. The conversion of glucose and fructose in FeCl3–NaCl and FeCl3–LiCl aqueous solutions were studied, and the interaction between active species and cellobiose was characterized by UV spectrum and electrospray ion mass spectrometry to explore salt addition on the reaction of cellulose conversion and the active specie. Results showed that the yield of HMF converted from cellulose in FeCl3 aqueous solution was low, while the yield of HMF was significantly increased when NaCl or LiCl added to the system. In FeCl3–NaCl aqueous solutions, the yield of HMF reach a maximum of 40.0% at a concentration of 0.02 M FeCl3, and hydrolysis of cellulose was the key step in the conversion of cellulose; In FeCl3–LiCl aqueous solutions, the yield of HMF reach a maximum of 36.7% at a concentration of 0.06 M FeCl3, and isomerization of glucose was the controlling step. The characterization results illustrated that the addition of NaCl or LiCl changed the active species in FeCl3 aqueous solutions, and [Fe(OH)2]+ and [FeCl2(OH) + Li]+ were the active species in FeCl3–NaCl and FeCl3–LiCl aqueous solution for cellulose conversion, respectively.

Poly (ionic liquid)s-silica spheres as effective core-shell catalysts for the conversion of glucose and fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), as a significant, bio-derived platform chemical molecule, has been under extensive research due to its wide application in petrochemical industry. In this work, three kinds of poly (ionic liquid)s-silica spheres (PIL@SiO2) with various lengths of alkyl chains as effective core-shell catalysts were prepared by the polymerization and coating methods, and were used to prepare 5-HMF from glucose and fructose with optimal results. When the alkyl carbon number of PIL monomer was 18, PIL@SiO2-18 displayed good catalytic activity in 5-HMF production, resulting in the highest yields of 77.36% and 72.8% from glucose and fructose in methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK)/ saturated solution of sodium chloride (Sat.NaCl) biphasic solvent. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed that the core-shell synergistic catalysis effectively promoted the preparation of 5-HMF from monosaccharide, in which Lewis acidic polycationic centers contributed to driving the isomerization process. The promising approach provides an efficient strategy for silica-based core-shell synergistic catalysts in the synthesis of 5-HMF from carbohydrates.

Tuning the acidity of halloysite by polyionic liquid to develop an efficient catalyst for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

In an attempt to prepare a low-cost and efficient acidic heterogeneous catalyst for the conversion of fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural under mild reaction conditions, the acidity of halloysite was improved by covalent grafting of an acidic polyionic liquid. More precisely, halloysite was first vinyl functionalized and then polymerized with vinyl imidazole and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. The tangling imidazole rings were further converted to acidic ionic liquids by treating them with chlorosulfuric acid. UV–Vis spectroscopy and Hammett equation confirmed that conjugation of acid polyionic liquid resulted in the increase of the acidity of halloysite. Investigation of the efficiency of the catalyst for the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and optimization of reaction variables showed that 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was yielded in 97.8% after 30 min under the optimum conditions, i.e. catalyst loading of 20 wt% at 70 °C. Notably, the catalyst was highly reusable and it could be reused for at least seven reaction runs with insignificant loss of its activity. Furthermore, this catalyst could also promote the conversion of sucrose and maltose to give moderate yields of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural.

Electro-fermentation with Clostridium autoethanogenum: Effect of pH and neutral red addition

Clostridium autoethanogenum is a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium that grows heterotrophically using fructose as a substrate, producing organic acids (formic, lactic, and acetic acid) and alcohols (ethanol and 2,3-butanediol). Literature reports show that electro-fermentation (EF) helps achieve higher production yields with Clostridium strains. EF involves manipulating microbial metabolism by applying an external potential using solid-state electrodes with/without redox mediators. However, the decrease in pH value can limit cellular viability and substrate conversion during the fermentation process. This work studies the effect of pH and neutral red as an electron transport on the kinetic of the growth and metabolites distribution during EF of C. autoethanogenum. Fermentation and EF experiments using C. autoethanogenum were performed in two-chamber H-type reactors. Biomass generation and product distribution were recorded in fermentations at pH 5.8 with and without pH control. As a result, when pH was controlled at 5.8, higher substrate consumption and biomass concentration were reached than when an external potential was applied (−600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl), allowing 76.6% more biomass with a 100% fructose conversion. Experiments revealed that redox mediator addition and the application of potential in pH-controlled fermentations mainly affected the production of biomass, lactate, acetate and formate, improving the production of lactate and acetate during the EF. In contrast, the results show no improvement in ethanol and 2,3-butanediol during the EF of fructose.

Synergistic catalysis on atomic Ru-doped manganese oxide for aerobic oxidation of biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

Catalytic oxidation of biomass derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) feedstock is a promising route to produce value-added chemicals 2, 5-diformylfuran (DFF). Here, we find that incorporating monatomic Ru into the crystalline lattice of α-MnO2 can trigger synergetic catalysis for aerobic oxidation of HMF. Ru species can not only act as active sites for HMF conversion, but also activate surface oxygen species by creating rich oxygen vacancies on the α-MnO2. As result, such catalyst delivers much higher DFF productivity than that of Ru located in the tunnel of support (110 °C, 1.5 MPa, 1 h) and state-of-the-art Ru-based catalysts. Furthermore, the direct conversion of fructose into DFF was realized by combination of Amberlyst-15 and Ru-MnO2 HT catalyst in one-pot via two-step. Characterization and kinetic results indicated that atomically dispersed Ru hosted in the crystalline lattice of support created abundant oxygen vacancies and thus weakened the Mn-O bond, resulting in facile lattice oxygen activation.

Phosphotungstic acid immobilized over SnO2 mesoporous material as a heterogeneous catalyst for fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural conversion

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is regarded as an essential platform chemical due to its flexible nature that could be converted into a variety of value-added compounds including production of liquid fuels and fine chemicals. We have developed a phosphotungstic acid (PTA) immobilized over SnO2 mesoporous material by hydrothermally employing Pluronic P123 as a structure directing agent (SDA) to obtain a heterogeneous catalyst for fructose to HMF conversion, and the catalyst is designated as MSnPTA. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns in low angle region, type IV isotherm and fringes of the catalyst confirmed the mesoporosity of the material. The catalyst is comprised of BET surface area of 85.86 m2/g and average pore diameter of 7.9 nm. Spherical shape through worm like structure formed small particles facilitated the large surface area of the MSnPTA catalyst that prefer to occur the catalytic reaction. The uniform elemental distribution of PTA over SnO2 ascribed more active sites, resulting in high acidity of the catalyst as measured by TPD of ammonia, which increased the conversion of fructose to high yield of HMF in a short reaction time. The yield of the HMF increased as increasing the amount of catalyst and temperature as expected.