American Spice Trade Association (ASTA) color value is a key factor for determining the commercial value of red pepper. This study investigates the potential of predicting ASTA color values of red pepper using LED-induced fluorescence. Excitation emission matrixes (EEMs) were first obtained in a front-face configuration. To determine the excitation wavelengths for LED-induced fluorescence measurement, parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) combined with EEMs were used. According to PARAFAC, 375 nm was selected be the peak wavelength of the excitation light source of the LED-induced fluorescence system. The spectra obtained from the system were used to predict ASTA color values using partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector machine (SVM). With optimal preprocessing method, the highest correlation coefficients of prediction ( R p ) could reach 0.971 with RMSEP of 3.672, RPD of 3.563 and REP of 6.170. Results revealed that LED-induced fluorescence has the potential for rapid prediction of ASTA color values of red peppers. • LED-induced fluorescence was used for the first time to predict ASTA color values. • PARAFAC model was established to retrieve pure fluorophores in EEMs. • Excitation light source wavelength was selected based on the result of PARAFAC. • PLSR and SVM models were built using the LED-induced fluorescence spectra. • Models exhibited good predictive performance on the ASTA color values.