Friendship Relations Research Articles

Factors contributing to online game addiction in adolescents: a systematic review

The excessive use of online games can disturb the psychological, physiological, and behavioral balance of adolescents. This study aimed to identify the factors contributing to online game addiction. On databases like Scopus (20 articles), ProQuest (113 articles), SAGE (214 articles), and Springer (596 articles), published within the last five years, a systematic review was carried out using the population, intervention, comparison, outcome, study design (PICOS) framework. The articles that were chosen employed empirical quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-methods research on young people who were addicted to online games and were published between 2018 and 2023. The review's inclusion criteria were met by 25 papers. Factors can increase the risk of adolescents experiencing online game addiction, including adolescent factors consisting of, adolescent life satisfaction, and duration of smartphone use, parenting and communication, parental support, and parental income, friendship relationships and the school environment. These findings are expected to serve as the foundation for parents and teenagers to identify the cause of problems in order to reduce harmful consequences. Nurses are expected to be able to identify elements that contribute to adolescent online game addiction and devise interventions to assist adolescents in liberating themselves.

고등학생의 영어 학업성취도에 영향을 미치는 변인 분석

Objectives The purposes of this study were to specify the variables that have a significant impact on high school students' English academic achievement from the aspects of individual, home environment, and school life using Seoul Education Longitudinal Study (SELS) 2010 data.
 Methods For this purpose, the English academic achievement scores of 2,550 high school students in Seoul were set as the dependent variable. The independent variables were attitude in class, self-directed learning ability, parents’ support for learning, parent-child relationship, the frequency level of parents-child dialogue, the degree of school satisfaction, and friends relationship. The independent variables were extracted from the student questionnaire. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed.
 Results As for the main research results, the ability of self-directed learning, attitude in class, parent-child relationship had a positive effect on English academic achievement, while parents’ support for learning, the frequency level of parents-child dialogue, and friends relationship showed negative relationships with English academic achievement. The ability of self-directed learning and attitude in class appeared to be the biggest predictors of English academic achievement. In addition, it suggests that emotional intimacy at home is more crucial support for students than parental support for children's learning.
 Conclusions Therefore, it can be said that the result of this study is the practical proof of Self-determination Theory(SDT). It is interpreted that parents’ emotional support for their children can lead to the improvement of self determination ability, and it leads to self-directed study ability and proper attitude in class. Eventually it leads to high level of academic achievement.

The coloniser or the missionary? Identity crisis as a conflict in Biblical reception among the Agikuyu of Central Kenya

The Bible was a new phenomenon among African cultures that treasure the oral traditions governing their moral and spiritual life. Many African communities were reluctant to welcome the biblical discourse because it not only disagreed with traditonal African religious practices, but it was also imposed on them by foreigners laden with negative political motives. This article examines the difficulty of distinguishing between the coloniser and the missionary as an initial conflict in biblical reception among the Agikuyu of Central Kenya. The article analyses how the missionaries inculcated the biblical message and how the Agikuyu gradually shifted from their initial belief that "there is no difference between a White coloniser and a White missionary" to a friendly relationship with missionaries and acceptance of Christianity. To explore these dynamics, the article employs witness accounts from African scholars, intertextual analysis of texts regarding Agikuyu because of the initial challenge of distinguishing British colonialists from missionaries. The results will contribute to understanding the dynamics of conflict in the reception of the biblical discourse and the reception of people by others in the world nowadays.

KEPRIBADIAN EKSTROVERT DAN INTROVERT DALAM HUBUNGAN PERSAHABATAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN KOMUNIKASI

The formulation of the problem in this study is "How is interpersonal communication on introvert and extrovert personalities in establishing friendly relations". This study uses a qualitative method. The key informant in this study was a counseling teacher who had an educational background in psychology, and a supporting informant from the Alumni Association of SMK Negeri 3 Bogor who had extroverted and introverted personality types. The results show that each personality type (extrovert and introvert) has its own way of establishing friendly relations through interpersonal communication approaches. Aspects of interpersonal communication include equality which refers to equalizing the circumstances and degrees of communication. Furthermore, the aspect of openness which in this process can make people who are in a relationship get to know each other and begin to grow trust and emotional feelings. There is also an aspect of a positive attitude, which means always thinking well and making the atmosphere of the relationship always peaceful and harmonious. Then there is the aspect of empathy that is much needed, caring actions are accompanied by verbally shown actions. The last is mutual support which is the most important aspect so that a friendly relationship avoids problems that can lead to destruction. The friendly relationship that is forged by each extrovert and introvert personality has stages. The first stage starts with contact (getting acquainted with each other), the involvement stage (getting each other's first impressions), the familiarity stage (getting to know more deeply), the destruction stage (when a crisis occurs, there are problems in friendly relations), the termination stage (disconnection can occur). relationship if the problem at hand cannot be resolved). All aspects of interpersonal communication and these stages occur in the process of establishing friendly relations in each extrovert and introvert personality type.

The communication process at the open stage of a friendship relationship on Instagram’s close friend feature

The communication process at the open stage of a friendship relationship on Instagram’s close friend feature

PEMBELAJARAN SIKAP KEAKRABAN DALAM MENGATASI PERILAKU BULLYING DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH NEGERI KOTA BIMA

Bullying behavior that occurs can be overcome by instilling an attitude of mutual acceptance, respect and establishing friendly relationships. This attitude is the most important attitude to be practiced in today's life, to create a peaceful life among others and a peaceful environment, both in the Madrasah environment as an educational platform for generations and in the social environment in general, it is necessary to instill the value of togetherness from an early age to establish friendly relationships, if This relationship can be cultivated well, then good developments in the future will follow and it will be easy to develop. Friendly learning carried out by MIN Bima City to overcome bullying behavior through several methods, namely as follows: (a) Learning that instills understanding, namely teaching students about the benefits and importance of a friendly attitude and the negative impacts of bullying behavior. (b) learning by example, that is, apart from instilling understanding and knowledge, it is very necessary to follow this by providing good examples and role models to students. (c) learning and teaching to instill the habit of establishing close relationships so that it becomes a habit that is ingrained in students to avoid bullying behavior. (d) real action learning, namely after teaching knowledge and understanding and giving examples, it is necessary to pay attention that good attitudes must be implemented in everyday life. (e) learning to give advice as a driver of children's awareness to understand the nature and benefits of friendly attitudes and the bad behavior of bullying that must be avoided. (f) learning that provides sanctions to strengthen students' attitudes towards the meaning of kindness. (g) civilizing learning, that is, after being taught a good attitude, it will be applied repeatedly with istioqomah.

Preschool Teachers’ Perception on the Development and Promotion of Resilience in Young Children at Kindergarten

Aims: This paper aimed to examine preschool teachers' perception and understanding on the construct of “resilience” as well as the applied strategies for fostering preschoolers’ resilience at the classroom.
 Study Design: The study was conducted between January 2023 and May 2023 and a qualitative methodological approach was adopted.
 Methodology: Data were collected through semi-structured, open questioned interviews with 16 preschool teachers (all women, age range 35- 56 years, with working experience from 5 to 20 years) working in public kindergarten at different regions of Greece territory.
 Results: Thematic analysis was applied and the findings indicated that the majority of the participants perceived resilience as the ability to cope with adversity and bounce back, which is cultivated and didn’t constitute a character trait. In relation to the strategies used by preschool teachers to promote resilience they emphasized the significance of the closeness of their relationship with children and family, the enhancement of social- emotional knowledge and skills (self-regulation, maintaining friendly relationships), the development of a positive classroom climate and the adaptation of proactive teaching practices (student-oriented and group-cooperative approach).
 Conclusion: Although preschool teachers seemed adequate enough to foster resilience in young children they expressed their desire for more training in this field, as well as the need for support from experts (e.g. school psychologists, educational support structures).

RELATIONS BETWEEN UZBEKISTAN AND GERMANY: RESULTS AND OPPORTUNITIES

This article reflects the political relations of Uzbekistan and Germany between the two countries, economic investment cooperation, friendship relations. The relevance of the article is also significant in that it reveals the results and further prospects of mutual agreements between the two countries. This article covers cooperation between our countries: trade and economic, investment and technological. Of particular importance is this article on the analysis of work on effective cooperation in such areas as security, human rights protection, Environmental Protection, science and education, the expansion of cultural relations and Exchange in the field of Tourism.

Is my best friend toxic? A textual analysis of online advice on difficult relationships

In this article, we analyse how mediated discourses of toxic friendships echo and reconstruct the category of the toxic friend. We ask: what kind of assumptions does the toxic friendship discourse draw on, and what forms of subjectivity and interpersonal relationships are encouraged? Employing a critical discourse analysis of digital texts, we argue that the discursive category of the toxic friend draws on a simplistic set of classificatory dichotomies distinguishing between the good and the toxic friend. We also suggest that the popular labelling of difficult friendships as ‘toxic’ reflects the contemporary diffusion of the notion of toxicity in contemporary public culture. We contend that this discourse reflects the discursive conflation between therapeutic culture and neoliberal wellness logic, with the figure of the toxic friend constructed in ways that support imperatives for self-care and self-governance. While much of the advice situates friendship as an important personal tie, there is very little encouragement to ‘work’ on these relationships. As such, these discourses offer a reductive, disposable approach to friendship ties that overlooks the complexities and lived experiences of friendship relations.

When medical eponyms become false friends, and how to deal with them

Medical eponyms can sometimes function as false friends, endangering communication. We demonstrate this by examining a selection of 50 medical phenomena in 8 languages for which eponyms, simple or complex ones, exist. The vast majority of medical eponyms are true friends. However, we have detected several types of false friends. Eponymic false friends in medical terminology may arise through clipping or truncation of the appellative or of a complex eponymic core. False friends may also come into existence through the confusion caused by auto-hyponymy. Finally, in addition to the choice between eponymic cores of variable complexity, there may also be alternatives that form a set of synonyms. Translation of the latter type of term may result in unwarranted introduction of a pseudo-eponym. This means that terminological variation, synonymy and homonymy—the notorious undesirables in terminology—are the hotbed of the majority of problems that may be described as false–friend relationship. We also suggest some pedagogical strategies that may help mitigate the problem of false friends in MELF contexts. These are based on recent insights from SLA and cognitively oriented research on the phenomenon of false friends, i.e., they integrate affective, cognitive and conative aspects of learning.

Prevalence and predisposing factors of peer bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents: A cross-sectional study

The present study aimed to determine the proportion and predisposing factors of peer bullying and cyberbullying among adolescents. A cross-sectional design was used. The sample consisted of 1548 students (aged 14–17 years) from two high schools in a city center. The data were collected via a questionnaire, the Peer Bullying Scale Adolescent Form, and the Cyber Victim and Bullying Scale between May and June 2022. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the data. The rate of peer bullying and cyberbullying behaviors was 15.3 % and 15.2 %, respectively. Boys were more prone to peer bullying and cyberbullying than girls. Both boys and girls with poor/moderate academic achievement, ninth and tenth graders, and those with poor/moderate friendships were more likely to be peer bullies and cyberbullies. The current study revealed that peer bullying and cyberbullying rates were similar among adolescents. Gender, academic year, academic achievement, and friendship relationships were found to be predisposing factors of peer bullying and cyberbullying. The results of this study could help to enhance an understanding of the severity of peer bullying and cyberbullying. Health professionals could implement programs to develop adolescents’ resilience, communication, social, assertiveness, and coping skills. They could collaborate with educators and parents to encourage appropriate behavior in adolescents.

Shared decision-making in the treatment of adolescents diagnosed with depression: A cross-sectional survey of mental health professionals in China.

INTRODUCTION: Shared decision-making (SDM) is an ideal model for a therapeutic relationship that can improve health outcomes. Healthcare professionals are a critical part of SDM, and they play an important role in the practices of SDM in the clinical setting. Evidence suggests that adolescents diagnosed with depression can benefit substantially from SDM. However, mental health professionals' (MHPs) practices of SDM for adolescents diagnosed with depression in China are not well-documented. This study aimed to investigate the practices of SDM for adolescents diagnosed with depression from the viewpoints of MHPs in China. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited a total of 581 MHPs by convenience sampling. The Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire-Physician Version (SDM-Q-Doc) was used to evaluate the MHPs' practices of SDM for adolescents diagnosed with depression. The mean SDM-Q-Doc was 80.47 (±16.31). Within the six specific decision-making situations, most MHPs selected non-SDM (52.7%-71.6%). Substantial numbers of respondents believed that MHPs made the final decision, especially with regard to the development (37%) and adjustment of medication regimens (42%). The practice of SDM was predicted by MHPs' preference for providing information, their trust in consumers, preference for family involvement in treatment decision-making, working in an outpatient clinic and receiving SDM training (F = 23.582; p = .000; R2 = .198; adjusted R2 = .189). Although the MHPs' self-rated score of SDM-Q-Doc was high, SDM was not extensively applied in the daily management of adolescents diagnosed with depression. Thus, SDM needs to be further promoted by enhancing SDM-related training for MHPs, thereby actively promoting the involvement of families, facilitating the information sharing for consumers and families, and building an active, trusting consumer-practitioner relationship. MHPs should prioritise information sharing with consumers and families, as well as build trusting and friendly therapeutic relationships. Family involvement in treatment decisions should be encouraged when adolescents diagnosed with depression are in need. Actively participating in training related to SDM is also important. Future high-quality evidence is still needed to explore the facilitators and barriers to SDM practices from a tripartite perspective of MHPs, adolescents diagnosed with depression and their families.

The Quality of Friendships in Students Who Experience Trust Problems

Introduction: Conflicts between individuals often clash with friendships; one of the causes is trust issues. Trust issues related to how one thinks about others; The existence of a negative mindset (negative thinking) to friends can damage trust and hurt friendship relationships. This negative mindset can affect the quality of friendships among students. Objective: This study aims to analyze the quality of friendships in students who experience trust problems. Method: One hundred and fifteen respondents have/are experiencing trust problems filling out this questionnaire. The friendship quality category was analyzed using simple correlation and regression analysis. Result and Discussion: The results of this study show that negative thinking patterns and friendship quality in students have a negative correlation. Conclusion: The lower the negative thinking, the higher the quality of the company, and vice versa; the higher the negative thinking, the lower the level of friendship.

Current maternal depression associated with worsened children's social outcomes during middle childhood: Exploring the role of positive affect socialization

BackgroundMaternal depression negatively predicts aspects of the mother-child relationship and social functioning in offspring. This study evaluated interrelations between mothers' depression history and current severity with dynamic indices of positive affect socialization and indices of offspring' social outcomes. MethodsN = 66 mother-child dyads in which approximately 50 % of mothers had a history of maternal depression were recruited. Children were 6–8 years old and 47.7 % male. Dyads completed a positive interaction task, which was coded for mother and child positive affect. Mothers and children reported on peer functioning and social problems and children reported on the quality of their best friendships at 1-year follow-up. ResultsCurrent level of maternal depression, but not depression history, was related to more social problems and lower best friend relationship quality. Indices of positive affect socialization were not related to history or current levels of maternal depression, or social outcomes, with the exception of maternal depression history predicting greater likelihood of mothers joining their children in expressing positive affect. Exploratory, supplementary analysis revealed that this may be due to treatment history among these mothers. LimitationsConclusions should be tempered by the small sample size, which limited the types of analyses that were conducted. ConclusionResults suggest that the effect of maternal depression on aspects of child social outcomes could be specific to current levels. Our data also did not support previously found associations between maternal depression and positive affect socialization. Results suggest positive implications for the effect of treatment for maternal depression for mother-child dynamics.

Perception of favoritism in Brazilian small private colleges

This study aims to analyze the perception of professors about the practices of favoritism in Brazilian small private colleges. For this, qualitative exploratory research was carried out, in which 20 professors were interviewed. For data collection, a semistructured interview script was used and for data analysis, it was carried out through the technique of content analysis. Evidence of cronyism and nepotism were found in hiring processes, in the distribution of hours and disciplines, in the appointment of positions, in dismissal processes, in the distribution of resources, in access to information, and in the protection of some professors who have a closer relationship of friendship with the pedagogical coordinator. On the other hand, professors recognize that greater proximity between professors and managers is associated with a greater commitment to goals, providing evidence of legitimization of the practice of favoritism. This study allowed us to identify some situations in which favoritism occurs even if implicitly within private higher education institutions. The findings help managers to develop tools to increase transparency, equity of processes, and support to achieve organizational goals.

Understanding Reciprocity and the Importance of Civic Friendship

This article aims to contribute to the existing literature on the virtues and challenges of political liberalism. It argues that the principle of reciprocity can only sustain political agreement under pluralism, if citizens share a relationship of civic friends, based on mutual recognition as equals (Lister in Anal Kritik 2011, pp. 91–112), a non-prudential concern for the interest of others (Leland and van Wietmarschen in J Moral Philos 14, 2017, pp. 142–167) and shared experiences that can foster interpersonal trust. Inasmuch as this thicker definition of civic friendship is sound, and breeds a successful ground for civic reciprocity, it is argued that this renders the concept of civic reciprocity culturally sensitive in at least four ways: how citizens commit to reciprocity, what political values and institutional arrangements they deem reasonable and how they choose to cooperate are all influenced by culture. While this makes the project of multiculturalism more challenging, it does not make it impossible. Rather, it reminds us that while the formal requirement of reciprocity is important, it is a relational value anchored in how citizens relate to one another. Therefore, for multiculturalism to be successful, policies that strengthen ties of civic friendship need to be implemented.

The Phenomenon of Using OMI Social Media as a Means of Online Dating

This study concerns the phenomenon of using the online dating app OMI where we can get acquainted and date online. OMI is the latest online dating app, where women and men can do online dating activities through conversations, exploring various friendship relationships, and sexual desires. The theory used in looking at the phenomenon of using the OMI online dating application is Alfred Schutz's Phenomenology. The data mining used is qualitative research with a descriptive approach, which is research that focuses on the use of data that will be described in written and oral form based on the informants studied by conducting in-depth interviews with Generation Z in 1996-2009 in the sidoarjo and Surabaya areas. The results showed that the use of online dating applications aims as entertainment, finding a partner, expanding friendships. Teenagers who use online dating apps have an understanding of online dating through OMI social media as a positive and efficient thing in order to know the good and bad of online app users.

혼합효과 랜덤 포레스트를 적용한 청소년기 진로성숙도 발달 예측 변인 탐색

The purpose of this study is to explore predictive variables of career maturity during middle and high school. To do this, the mixed effects random forest that considers the hierarchical data structure of longitudinal data was applied to GEPS(gyeonggi education panel study) data from the 4th to 9th wave (7th-12th grades). To derive the major predictive variables which are more stable, the analysis through multiple imputation was repeated five times to identify the top 20 variables with a high SHAP (shapley additive expansion) importance index. As a result, 17 major predictive variables were derived by using SHAP value: ‘self-understanding as a learner’, ‘proactive initiative’, sub factors of self-directed learning ability, friend relationships, teacher relationships, and ‘career search during vacation’ were selected as key variables that predict development of career maturity. In addition, variables related to relationships between parent-child such as ‘parent parenting behavior’ and ‘attachment’, as well as students affective attitudes such as ‘self-esteem’, ‘self-efficacy’, and ‘learning motivation’ were selected as key predictive variables, too. The relationship between major predictive variables and career maturity was examined through the SHAP dependence plot, and educational implications for career development of adolescents were discussed.

The co-evolution of friend and help relationships and their different relationship formation and social influence

This study examined adolescents’ friend and help relationships to better understand their interrelated nature and the different characteristics of relationship formation and social influence in the behavioral and emotional dimensions of academic engagement. Multiplex networks of friends and helpers were collected (N = 542; Mage = 11.46; 20 classrooms) and analyzed using a multilevel Bayesian social network analysis (multilevel random-coefficients SAOM). The results showed that exchanging help played a role in the formation of friendships, and that friendships provided a relational context wherein help can be exchanged. Observable behavioral academic engagement played a more salient role in the formation of friend and help relationships, and highly engaged (in behavioral) adolescents were more often nominated as helpers. Both the behavioral and emotional dimensions of friends’ and helper’ academic engagement contributed to adolescents’ own behavioral and emotional engagement over time, but the social influence was more salient among friends compared to helpers. These results underscore that examining the dependencies among multiple networks and distinguishing between different dimensions of behavior and emotion are critical to elucidate the complex processes of relationship formation and social influence.

Solidaritas Sosial dalam Cerita Anak Berbahasa Jawa pada Majalah Jaya baya

This research aims to describe social solidarity in Javanese children's stories in Jaya Baya magazine. The purpose of this research was to describe 1) forms of social solidarity in Javanese children's stories in Jaya Baya magazine; 2) driving factors for social solidarity in Javanese children's stories in Jaya Baya magazine and 3) the value of social solidarity in Javanese children's stories in Jaya Baya magazine.This research uses a collection of 53 Javanese children's stories from several different authors. The entire research data is sourced from the 2017 Jaya Baya magazine in the rubric "crita taman putra". The research data is described using descriptive methods and includes qualitative descriptive research. The collection of children's stories was analyzed using Emile Durkheim's social fact theory study of aspects of social solidarity. This theory study was used to describe the research focus of a variety of children's reading based on children's literature Donna E. Norton. The results of this research describe children's social solidarity in Jaya Baya magazine through three aspects, namely the form of social solidarity, driving factors for social solidarity and the value of social solidarity. The form of solidarity in children's stories in Jaya Baya magazine is described by parents' speeches and actions of children in friendship, family, community and environmental relations. The driving factor for social solidarity is influenced by Javanese ethics which emphasizes respect and harmony. Children's stories in Jaya Baya magazine describe the role of value as a stronghold of the influence of social dynamics, through the value of mutual assistance, the value of mutual cooperation and the value of tolerance. This shows that the results of this research emphasize the existence of patterns of interaction and socialization in realizing social solidarity.