Tuber Fresh Weight Research Articles

Effects of Trichoderma Fermented Biourine Dosage on the Growth of Two Shallot Varieties

This study aims to determine the effect of Trichoderma harzianum fermented biourine dosage on the growth of two shallot (Allium ascolonicum L.) varieties. The research employed an experimental method with a Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of two factors: biourine dosage and shallot variety. The biourine dosage levels were: q0 = Without biourine application, q1 = 5 ml/plant, q2 = 15 ml/plant, q3 = 25 ml/plant, and q4 = 35 ml/plant. The shallot varieties tested were v1 = Keta Monca and v2 = Bali Karet. In total, 10 treatment combinations of biourine dosage and variety were evaluated. The results showed that the most effective biourine dosage for promoting shallot growth was 35 ml (q4). This dosage significantly increased plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers, fresh stover, dry stover, fresh tuber weight, and dry tuber weight. The Keta Monca variety outperformed in terms of number of tillers, fresh tuber weight, and dry tuber weight, while the Bali Karet variety exhibited greater plant height, number of leaves, fresh stover, and dry stover. Significant interactions between biourine dosage and variety were observed in parameters such as plant height at 3 and 4 weeks after planting (WAP), number of leaves at 1, 4, and 5 WAP, number of tillers at 6 and 7 WAP, fresh tuber weight, and dry tuber weight.

Effects of application methods of microbial mixture on early blight disease (Alternaria solani) and growth of potato

Early blight (Alternaria solani) is one of important diseases in potato in Indonesia. In previous study, a microbial consortium (Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas sp.) suppressed the bacterial wilt disease in potato. For application, the microbial consortium was mixed with compost (10%). As the microbial consortium is originally intended for controlling soil-borne diseases, this study examined the ability of the microbial consortium to suppress early blight disease and the effects of application methods on its efficacy. The application methods examined were the methods that targeted for soil-borne as well as airborne diseases. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at the Department of Plants and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia. The experiment used Randomized Complete Block Design with 10 treatments and three replications. The treatments included application of microbes mixed with compost in planting hole solely or in combination with soaking the potato tubers in suspension of the microbes, drenching water extract of the mixture at 2, 4, 6 weeks after planting (WAP) with or without foliar application of the water extract. The result showed that application method influenced the abilities of the microbial mixture in suppressing early blight disease and supporting the potato growth. Even though the application of microbe-compost in planting medium inhibited the development of early blight disease by 37.8-39.5%, the regular foliar spray of the water extract of the mixture enhanced the disease suppression. Combination between application of the microbe-compost in the planting hole, drenching its water extract at 2, 4, 6 WAP and weekly foliar spray of the water extract suppressed early blight disease by 80.8%. This combination of application methods also supported better plant height, numbers of potato leaflets, roots fresh weight and production of potato tuber.

Increasing Red Onion Production on a Household Scale Using Coconut Water and NPK as a Growth Stimulant

Red onion (Allium ascalonicum L.) is a horticultural plant needed by household consumers as a complement to cooking spices and traditional medicines. Shallot production does not meet market demand in Riau, so it is necessary to bring in shallots from other regions. Efforts to increase shallot production continue to be made to meet market demand in Riau. One of the efforts that can be made to increase the production of shallot plants is through the use of natural growth hormones (ZPT). This research aims to determine the respective effects and interactions of giving concentrations of coconut water and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallot production. This research is a factorial experiment prepared using a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 2 factors, namely the concentration of coconut water and the dose of NPK fertilizer. Factor I: Coconut water concentration which consists of 4 levels, namely: A0 = without coconut water, A1 = 50% coconut water (500 ml coconut water + 500 ml water), A2 = 75% coconut water (750 ml coconut water + 250 ml water) and A3 = 100% coconut water (1000 ml coconut water). Factor II: NPK fertilizer dose consisting of 3 levels, namely: N1 = NPK 125 kg.ha-1, N2 = NPK 250 kg.ha-1, and N3 = NPK 375 kg.ha-1. . Data from the analysis of variance were further tested using Duncan's multiple range test at the 5% level. The research results showed that the combination of coconut water with a concentration of 100% and NPK fertilizer with a dose of 250 kg.ha-1 increase plant height, increase tuber diameter, increase fresh tuber weight per m2 and weight of storable tubers per m2.

Stek Pucuk Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.) Kultivar IPB CP1 Dapat Menghasilkan Umbi G0 di Dalam Rumah Kaca dan Rumah Kasa di Dataran Menengah

IPB CP1 potato is a raw material for potato chips. The advantage of IPB CP1 potatoes is their high yield. Challenges in potato production are limited areas with optimal altitude and condition as well as low quality and quantity of seeds. Utilizing a mid-altitude area for potato cultivation is one of the solutions to increase potato seed production. This study aimed to compare the growth and production of IPB CP1 G0 seed tuber in a greenhouse and screenhouse in mid-altitude with different numbers of shoot cuttings per polybag. This research was conducted with two factors. The first factor is the use of growth plant houses, i.e. greenhouse and screenhouse. The second factor is the number of shoot cuttings per polybag, i.e. 2 and 3 shoot cuttings per polybag. Growth parameters observed included plant height, number of nodes and leaves, and fresh and dry weight of shoots. The production parameters observed included the number as well as fresh and dry weight of tubers. The growth and production of IPB CP1 potatoes grown in the greenhouse were better than those grown in the screenhouse. The number of cuttings per polybag did not affect the growth and production of IPB CP1 potato.

Development and Evaluation of a Trichoderma-Based Bioformulation for Enhancing Sustainable Potato Cultivation

The potato (Solanum tuberosum) is one of the most widespread and cultivated Solanaceae in the world. To overcome the increasing problems of intensive cultivation and climate change, finding new strategies to guarantee the needs of today and future generations has become mandatory. The use of biostimulants based on Trichoderma spp. can be an excellent alternative to reduce the use of pesticides, as well as to mitigate the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study we evaluated the effects of a new bioformulation containing two Trichoderma strains on potato growth and yield. Trichoderma strains were characterised morphologically and molecularly. Application of the new bioformulate was able to promote potato plant growth and caused a significant increase in plant fresh (+107%) and dry weight (+74%), and potato tuber fresh weight (+37%) and number (+41%), and it also improved potato yield (+36%). These findings suggest that the bioformulation is a viable alternative to reduce pesticide use and mitigate biotic and abiotic stress in potato cultivation.

Establishing a water-use boundary function for potato through crop modeling

The yield to water-use boundary function is a valuable method for estimating attainable yield and yield gap (the difference between attainable yield and actual yield) in water-limited regions. However, the water-use boundary function for potato has not been clearly defined yet. In current research, we established a water-use boundary function for fresh potato tubers in a climatic transition zone (Longzhong Plateau, China) using a simple crop growth model. We validated this function using extensive long-term experimental data collected from field experiments and the literature. The results showed that the crop model accurately simulated the weight of fresh potato tubers with a relative root mean square error (RRMSE) of less than 30 %, a coefficient of determination (d) greater than 0.7, and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 5426 kg ha−1. The established water-use boundary function for fresh potato tubers is defined as: yield (kg ha−1) = 167 × (water use [mm] - 121), with a plateau yield of 48,082 kg ha−1 when water use exceeds 410 mm. Furthermore, the water-use boundary function was found to be highly applicable to water use-yield data collected from the literature and precipitation-yield data for the potato growing season from long-term observations. Utilizing precipitation data for the potato growing season from 1988 to 2018, the water-use boundary function was employed to calculate the average attainable yield for fresh potato tubers, ranging from 10,000 to 48,082 kg ha−1 in the Longzhong Plateau. The water-use boundary function for potato could aid farmers in water-limited regions in identifying the most profitable crop management systems.

Effect on yield, nutrient uptake and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) under integrated nutrient management

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a heavy feeder and highly responsive to nutrient input, where the proper quantity and timing of nutrient supply is most critical component in achieving high productivity in potato cultivation. To assess the crop response and productivity, the potato variety ‘Kufri Jyoti’ was taken under different integrated nutrient management practices. The recommended dose of fertilizer was at 150:80:100 kg N: P2O5: K2O/ha, 25 kg/ha of ZnSO4 and 15 kg/ha of Borax were applied during the experiment. The results indicated that there were highly significant effects of higher doses of nitrogen with recommended P and K combined applied with Zinc and Boron on tuber yield, plant NPK uptake efficiency and enzymatic activities. Results from the experiment expressed that the application of 125% RDN along with the application of Zn and B ensured maximum total tuber yield (24.73 t/ha), crop growth rate (5.222 g/m2/day), relative growth rate (0.066 g/g/day) at peak growth stages and quality such as starch (15.64%) and sucrose synthase activity (695 µg/g of fresh weight of tuber) of potato grown with the above nutrient management practices. This study indicated that production variation for higher nitrogen doses from inorganic sources of fertilizer existed among 16 different nutrient application treatments, and with better quality parameters.

Screening native Bacillus strains as potential biological control agents against ginger bacterial wilt and for promoting plant growth

Bacterial wilt, caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, is a destructive disease that causes significant loss in ginger productivity. This disease is notoriously difficult to control by chemical measures, prompting the exploration of biological control as a more sustainable and effective alternative strategy. In our research, we aimed to develop effective microbial agents to combat R. solanacearum-induced bacterial wilt in ginger. Initially, 307 Bacillus-like strains were isolated from ginger rhizosphere soil. Among these, ten strains exhibited significant antibacterial activity after extensive in vitro screening, with Bacillus-like isolate F18 being the most effective. Further tests in a co-culture assay revealed six isolates, notably L70, that significantly reduced the pathogen's fitness. To further assess their effectiveness, six isolates of L3, L72, L73, F18, HC-5, and L70 were then subjected to a hydroponics assay, where they substantially lowered disease incidence in ginger seedlings, especially strains F18, HC-5, and L73. These three strains were identified as Bacillus velezensis, exhibiting beneficial traits such as IAA production, siderophore secretion, and phosphate and potassium solubilization. Additionally, they also harbored genes related to the production of the dipeptide bacilysin and the polyketides macrolactin, bacillaene and difficidin. In greenhouse experiments, these three B. velezensis strains, particularly F18 and HC-5, demonstrated remarkable efficacy in controlling bacterial wilt. Tubers soaked in these biocontrol agents showed reduced disease severity and pathogen population. Moreover, the treatments promoted ginger growth, notably in tuber fresh weight, with HC-5 showing the greatest improvement. Conclusively, this study suggests a highly efficient strategy for biologically controlling ginger bacterial wilt, with B. velezensis strains HC-5, L73, and F18 emerging as promising biocontrol agents.

The Growth and Tuber Yield of Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) under Varying LED Light Spectrums in Controlled Greenhouse Conditions

Plant growing using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in a controlled environment is a revolutionary and innovative idea, regardless of the external environmental disturbances. Studying the growth and tuber yield of potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) in an LED-based plant factory system is a relatively innovative concept. The current study was conducted in a plant factory to evaluate the effects of different LED spectral compositions on potato tuberization. Potato tuberization was analyzed under six different LED light spectral combinations with irradiances of 300 mol m−2 s−1, with natural light considered the control treatment. The findings stated that the L2 treatment (red70 + blue20 + white10) increased the plant height, branch number, and biomass accumulation, while photosynthetic pigments and photosynthetic activity increased significantly in L5 (red60 + blue20 + green10 + white10). Higher gibberellic acid (GA3) content was recorded in L1 (red70 + blue30), whereas the tuber number and tuber fresh weight were recorded in L3 (red70 + blue20 + green10) and L7 (natural light), respectively. On the other hand, a higher number of smaller-sized tubers were observed in L5, while L2 and L4 (red70 + blue20 + far-red10) resulted in a higher number of medium-sized tubers. In conclusion, a high proportion of red and blue light, along with white and far-red light, increased the plant height, branch number, plant biomass, and production of small- and medium-sized tubers. On the other hand, the inclusion of green light with red and blue enhanced the chlorophyll content, photosynthesis, and leaf expansion, and promoted the production of smaller-sized tubers. Finally, with regard to tuberization, the treatment using L4 followed by L2 outperformed the other treatments.

Onion Varieties (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Test With Application Of Several Kinds Microbia Consortium Its Influence On Growth and Yield

Shallots are one of the horticultural commodities that Indonesian people need. The use of bacterial consortia in shallot cultivation is expected to be useful for increasing soil fertility due to soil biochemical processes. This research aims to determine the effect of applying a microbial consortium from several products to the growth and yield of several shallot varieties. This research was carried out using a Split Plot Design with a split plot method which consists of two factors, namely: 1. Red onion variety, (V1: local rubber variety; V2: white local variety; V3: local Javanese varieties), 2. Types of decomposing plants (microbial consortium), : (P0: Control; P1: M21; P2: EM4; P3: Beka Decomposer). The research results showed: (1) The variety test showed very significant plant height, number of leaves, fresh stover weight, dry stover weight, tuber diameter, fresh tuber weight per bunch, tuber dry weight per bunch, and tuber dry weight per plot. However, there was no real difference between the number of bulbs per plant and the number of bulbs per plot. (2) The combination of microbial consortia with shallot varieties showed significantly different results regarding the number of leaves and bulb diameter. However, there were no real differences in plant height, fresh stover weight, dry stover weight, number of tubers per plant, number of tubers per plot, fresh weight of tubers per bunch, dry weight of tubers per bunch and dry weight of tubers per bunch. (3) The research results showed that the highest yield was obtained from the combination of V2P1 with the treatment of local white varieties of shallots and the application of the M21 microbial consortium with an average value of 150.27 g/plot (16,905 kg/ha or 16.9 tons/ha).

The Role of Bacillus Subtilis Bacteria on The Growth and Production of Two Varieties of Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L.) Asal True Shallot Seed

Increasing the production of shallots from True shallot seed (TSS) can be done using Bacillus subtilis bacteria. This study aims to determine the role of Bacillus subtilis bacteria on the growth and production of two shallot varieties (Allium ascalonicum L.) from True Sallot Seed. This research was conducted on Jl. Bandar Meriah, Sukamaju village, Sunggal sub-district, Deli Serdang district, with a height of 30 MDPL. This research was conducted from December 2022 to March 2023. This study used a randomised block design with two factors and three replications. The first factor is a variety of types: Sanren F-1 and Lokananta. The second factor was Bacillus subtilis bacteria with four levels: 0 ml/tanaman, 5 ml/plant, 10 ml/plant, and 15 ml/plant. The results showed that the Lokananta variety had plant heights of 5 and 7 MSPT, number of leaves 4-7 MSPT, chlorophyll B, total chlorophyll, fresh tuber weight per sample, fresh tuber weight per plot, dry tuber weight per sample and dry tuber weight per plot, Which is higher than the Sanren F-1 variety. Giving 15 ml of Bacillus subtilis bacteria/plant has tuber circumference, number of tubers per plot, weight of fresh tubers per plot, weight of dry tubers per sample, weight of dry tubers per plot, which is higher than giving bacteria of 0 ml/plant, 5 ml/plant and 10 ml/plant.

Growth Response and Yield of Shallots (Allium Ascalonicum L.) on Giving Various Types of Mulch and NPK Fertilizer Doses

This study aims to determine the type of mulch and dose of NPK fertilizer that can increase the growth and yield of shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.). The research was conducted in Cibogo Village, Cirebon Regency, West Java. The location is located at an altitude of 30 meters above sea level (m asl), the rain type belongs to type C (slightly wet). The research was conducted from April to June 2021. This study was prepared based on Group Randomized Design (RAK) with 2 treatment factors and 3 repeats. The first factor is the type of mulch and the second factor is the application of NPK fertilizer. The results showed that the combination of rice straw mulch treatment with NPK fertilizer 300 kg / ha had a significant effect on growth components, namely plant height 28 HST, number of leaves aged 42 HST, and a real effect on yield components, namely tuber diameter, fresh weight of tubers per clump and per plot, dry weight of tubers per clump and per plot. The results also showed that the combination of rice straw mulch treatment with NPK doses of 300 kg/ha and 400 kg/ha gave a good average dry weight of tubers per hectare, namely 8.4 tons/ha and 7.9 tons/ha, respectively.

Effect of Earthing-Up Frequency on Growth and Yield of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) Varieties at Gimbi District, Western Ethiopia

Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica (Lam.) Cogn) is a tuberous root crop native to Ethiopia. It is a good source of protein, carbohydrates, calcium, and iron. However, little attention has been given to the improvement of genetic and agronomic practices such as selection of variety, staking, weeding, fertilizer application, and earthing-up frequency. Thus, the attainable yield is below the potential. The experiment was arranged in a 3 × 5 factorial arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications with the objective of determining the effect of earthing-up frequency on the growth and yield of anchote varieties. The interaction effect of earthing-up frequencies and varieties significantly affected anchote leaf number plant−1, shoot dry weight plant−1, unmarketable tuber weight ha−1, vine diameter, shoot fresh weight plant−1, tuber fresh weight plant−1, marketable tuber weight ha−1, and total tuber yield ha−1. Total tuber yield ha−1 was perfectly correlated with tuber fresh weight plant−1 (r = 1), and all parameters were significantly correlated with tuber dry matter plant−1, and tuber dry matter plant−1 was positively and significantly correlated with total tuber yield ha−1 (r = 0.46). Consequently, the highest total tuber yield was observed from earthing-up four times (26.94 t ha−1) and three times (26.88 t ha−1) with Desta 01, while the lowest was observed from the control with Acc405 (15.11). The highest economical tuber yield was obtained from three times earthing-up frequency (26.878 t ha−1, 25.50 t ha−1, and 23.92 t ha−1 for Desta 01, Acc405, and Acc173), and the lowest was observed from the control (22.83 t ha−1, 15.11 t ha−1, and 21.11 t ha−1 for Desta 01, Acc405, and Acc173), respectively. Therefore, for the study area, it is better to apply three times earthing-up frequencies (35 days, 49 days, and 63 days from planting date for once, twice, and three times earthing-up, respectively) with Desta 01 variety followed by Acc405. Since the experiment was conducted using irrigation, it is suggested to be repeated under rainfed conditions to draw a definite conclusion.

Effect of Varied Levels of Gibberellin, Anti-Gibberellin and Cytokinin on Growth and Tuberization in Potato

Plant hormones play a significant role in potato tuberization. While Gibberellins inhibit tuberization, anti-gibberellins (PBZ and CCC) and cytokinins promote tuberization in potato. The experiment demonstrated the clear roles of these hormones in facilitating tuberization in potato. Treatment with 25 ppm GA significantly increased plant height (44.56 cm) compared to the control (32.22 cm), while CCC, a Gibberellins (GA) inhibitor, reduced the plant height by inhibiting GA-induced stem elongation. Hormonal treatments affected the number of nodes, leaves, branches, SPAD readings, stem girth, root length and root weight with significantly higher values observed compared to the control. 50 ppm GA showed the highest number of stolons per plant (6.33), but surprisingly resulted in a few tubers per plant (1.7) compared to the control (1.8). However, both 5 ppm and 10 ppm BAP led to significantly more tubers per plant (2.1 and 3.2 respectively), as did 5 ppm and 10 ppm Kinetin (2.8 and 2.6 respectively). Regarding tuber fresh weight, all treatments except CCC and higher concentration of kinetin showed significantly higher fresh weight compared to control. In summary, 50 ppm Gibberellins increased the stolon number, while 10 ppm BAP increased the tuber number and fresh weight in potato

STUDY OF THE COMPOSITION OF PLANTING MEDIA AND ZA FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF SAMOSIR SHALLOTS USING PVC PIPES

The research was joined by Suka Raya Village, Rampah Dua Village, Pancur Batu and Deli Serdang Districts. Research launches in July 2021 and ends in November 2021. Research objective is used for ingredient resource volume as well as the development of ZA, thereby increasing Samosir's productivity and productivity. The experimental design used in this study was a factorial randomized block design with 2 factors: the first factor, namely, the composition of the planting medium with 3 treatment levels: 100% topsoil, 75% top soil: 25% cocopeat, 50 top soil soil. %: cocopeat 50%. The second factor is ZA fertilizer with 3 treatment levels: 0 g/planting hole, 1g/planting hole, and 2 g/planting hole. Parameters observed were plant length (cm), number of leaves (strands), number of tubers, tuber diameter (mm), tuber fresh weight per plant (g), tuber dry weight per plant (g), quercetin analysis (ppm). The outcomes showed that the treatment of ZA manure with a portion of 2 g/establishing opening on plant length boundaries brought about the best plant length, tuber diameter, fresh weight and dry weight of Samosir shallots, while a dose of 1 g/planting hole could increase the number of tubers and quercetin compared to the dose of 1 g/planting hole. other. The composition of the growing media, namely top soil and cocopeat, showed an increase in the growth and quality of Samosir shallots on the number of leaves and quercetin parameters. The communication between the treatment of the sythesis of the developing media and the utilization of ZA manure didn't expand the development and nature of Samosir shallots on totally noticed factors.

Increased Growth and Production of Shallots (Allium ascalonicum L.) with Mulching Type treatment and Tuber Weight

This study aims to determine the effect of mulch type and bulb weight on the growth and yield of onion production (Allium ascalonicum L.). In detail, this study aims to (1). Know the type of mulch that is most suitable for the growth and production of onion plants. (2). Knowing the weight of bulbs is best for the growth and production of onion plants. (3). Know the interaction between the type of mulch and the weight of bulbs used for the growth and production of onion plants. This study used Group Randomized Design (RAK) with 2 treatments, namely Factor I: three types of Mulch use (M): M0 = No Mulch; M1= Silver black plastic mulch (0.35 cm thick); M2= Mulch rice straw (1.5 cm thick). Factor II: three tuber weight intervals, namely: B0= 0 - 1.4 g (Small Tuber); B1= 1.5 – 1.8 g (Medium Tuber); B2 = > 1.8 g (Large Tubers). The results showed that the treatment of several types of mulch had a significant effect on plant height, weight of fresh tubers per clump, number of fresh tubers per clump, weight of fresh tubers per plot and number of fresh tubers per plot. M1 silver black plastic mulch treatment resulted in the highest plant height. weight of fresh tubers per clump (148.22 g), number of fresh tubers per clump, weight of fresh tubers per plot. Tuber weight treatment has a noticeable effect on plant height, number of leaves, weight of fresh tubers per clump, number of fresh tubers per clump, weight of fresh tubers per plot and number of fresh tubers per plot. B2 treatment yields the highest crop, number of leaves), weight of fresh tubers per clump, number of fresh tubers per clump, weight of fresh tubers per plot. The interaction of the use of several types of mulch and various tuber weights has a noticeable effect on plant height, number of leaves, weight of fresh tubers per clump, number of fresh tubers per clump, weight of fresh tubers per plot and number of fresh tubers per plot.

Cassava growth and yield on ultisol of different soil organic carbon content and NPK fertilizer levels

The demand for cassava tuber in Indonesia is high, however, domestic production is still limited therefore increasing production is important. Ultisol soils have the potential for cassava production, but low soil fertility in such soils needs to be improved. The research aimed to evaluate the effect of soil organic carbon (SOC) and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of cassava tuber in an ultisol. The experiment was conducted at the Jonggol Experimental Farm, IPB Bogor, West Java from September 2022 to January 2023. The experiment used a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was SOC level of 1.93 (control), 2, 3, and 4%, and the subplot was NPK 15-15-15 level of 150, 300, 450, and 600 kg ha-1. SOC level was increased through the application of cow manure 0, 3.59, 54.93, and 106.27 tons ha-1 corresponding to SOC levels of 1.93 (control), 2, 3, and 4%, respectively. Results showed that enhancing SOC up to 3% and NPK 300 kg ha-1 were enough to support cassava growth as shown by plant height, stem diameter, and leaf number. The leaf number was the highest in the 3% SOC+150 kg NPK, 2% SOC+300 kg NPK or+450 kg NPK, and control+600 kg ha-1 NPK treatment. Leaf greenness was only affected by adding NPK fertilizer; a high greenness value was obtained at NPK level of > 150 kg ha-1 and 300 to 600 kg ha-1 resulting in non-significantly leaf greenness. The status of N and K in the leaves increased by SOC and NPK treatments, while the P status was unaffected. SOC at a level of 3% and NPK at a level of 150 kg ha-1 stimulated cassava to produce the highest fresh tuber weight (1.85 kg per plant) at 4 months after planting. Cassava productivity in ultisol soil can be increased by applying cow manure of 54.93 tons ha-1 to enhance SOC up to 3% combined with NPK of 150 kg ha-1.
 Keywords: Extensification; food security; intensification; tuber production; nutrient uptake

Farklı Yetiştirme Ortamları ve Hümik Asit Dozlarının Turpta Bitki Gelişimi ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri

This research was conducted to determine the effects of different growing media and humic acid doses on plant growth parameters and quality properties in cherry-red radish. In the study, 4 different growing media [Soil, Peat:Perlite (1:1), Peat:Perlite (2:1) and Peat:Perlite (3:1)] consisting of soil and mixtures of peat and perlite at different ratios were used. In addition to, 0 (control), 500, 1000 and 2000 ppm doses of humic acid in liquid form named TKİ Hümas were investigated. Rolex F1 cherry-red radish variety (Raphanus sativus L. var. sativus) was used in the study. According to the findings obtained from the research, it was detected that Peat:Perlite (2:1) medium came to the forefront in terms of plant growth parameters and quality properties among the growing media. It was found that humic acid applications (500, 1000 and 2000 ppm) significantly increased tuber fresh weight, tuber diameter and tuber length compared to the control (0 ppm). Among the humic acid doses, the highest tuber fresh weight, tuber diameter and tuber length were obtained from 1000 ppm dose. In general, it was determined that soilless growing media and humic acid had positive effects on plant growth and quality. When the growing media and humic acid doses are evaluated among themselves, it was concluded that especially Peat:Perlite (2:1) medium and 1000 ppm dose were more effective on plant growth and quality and could be used successfully in soilless cherry-red radish cultivation in terms of agricultural sustainability and productivity.

Effect of Mineral Fertilisation on Tuber Yield and Quality in Yams (Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea rotundata)

This study assessed mineral fertilisation impact on tuber yield and food quality in yam genotypes—Dioscorea alata and Dioscorea rotundata. Four genotypes, each from D. alata and D. rotundata, were used in field experiments conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria, during the 2017 and 2018 cropping seasons. Experiments were conducted under low soil NPK fertility conditions with and without Fertiliser treatments. Plots subjected to fertiliser treatment received recommended NPK rate for the area. Tuber yield, functional and pasting properties of yam flour, and sensory attributes of pounded yams were collected. The results revealed varying responses of the genotypes to tuber yield and food quality following fertiliser application. Fertiliser application has generally increased fresh tuber yield. However, it had an impact on the flour quality and textural attributes of pounded yams for some genotypes. In genotypes Danacha and TDa0200012, Fertiliser application increased fresh tuber weight by 29.6% and 28.3%, and dry tuber weight by 19.7% and 24.9%, respectively, without compromising tuber quality. This implies that both genotypes exhibited a greater capacity for nutrient uptake and nutrient use efficiency. However, for genotype Ojuiyawo, Fertiliser application effectively increased tuber yield but negatively affected tuber quality. Our results emphasize the importance of assessing the impact of fertilization on tuber yield and quality for each genotype and selecting the appropriate genotype to improve productivity through mineral fertilization. The outcomes of this study have broader applicability in improving yam productivity across sub-Saharan Africa and are useful for sustainable agriculture in yam-growing regions.

Morphophysiology responses of taro on different soil water level

This study aims to determine the response of growth and yield of taro plant genotypes to the level of soil water availability. The experiment was carried out using a divided plot design with the main plot being the rate of water application, namely: 60% FC (Field capacity), 80% FC, 100% FC, 120% FC and 140% FC, while the subplots were taro genotypes consisting of two types of dasheen (Ketan and California genotype), two types of eddoe (Satoimo and Jepang Hijau) also Xanthosoma (Talas Kuning). Parameters of plant growth observations included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter and width of canopy, while parameters of harvest observations included tuber fresh weight and total fresh weight. Physiological observations include chlorophyll content and number of stomata. Plant height of all types of taro was more vigor at 120 and 140% FC of water. For dasheen type taro, California taro with 140% FC treatment produced tuber fresh weight 36% higher than California taro plants at 60% FC treatment, while for Eddoetypetaro, Satoimo taro with 140% FC treatment produced tuber fresh weight 25% higher thanin 60% FC treatment. This proves that 5 genotypes of taro adaptive on waterlogging stress rather than drought stress. Satoimo and Jepang Hijau (eddoe type) are more adaptive to drought and wet soil conditions than talas Ketan, California and Talas Kuning (dasheen type).