Frequent Topics Research Articles

Education Research in Orthopaedic Surgery: A 6-Year Analysis.

A PubMed search string was used to identify literature on orthopaedic surgery education from 2016 to 2021. Publications on orthopaedic surgery education were divided into 8 education-based categories: (1) operative training and simulation, (2) curriculum and career development, (3) diversity, (4) wellness and burnout, (5) program evaluation and match data, (6) trainee assessments, (7) social media, and (8) other. Univariate analysis and linear regression were used to determine trends. A total of 383 orthopaedic surgery education publications met inclusion criteria. Orthopaedic surgery education publications accounted for 0.47% of the total publications from all 54 journals. Fifteen journals provided 85% of all orthopaedic education publications (N = 325). The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery produced the most orthopaedic surgery education publications (76, 20%), followed by the Journal of Surgical Education (62, 16%) and the Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (58, 15%). Publications on curriculum and career development were the most common (21.9%). The following most frequent topics were program evaluation and match data (20.9%) and operative training and simulation (18%), respectively. Over the study period, the total amount of orthopaedic surgery education articles increased significantly (R2 = 0.86, p = 0.008). Articles included all levels of training, with resident education accounting for the majority, with 269 articles (70.2%). Recent trends in orthopaedic literature indicate an increased emphasis on education as the number of publications has increased, but are still sparse in orthopaedic literature. As the field of orthopaedics continues to advance, we recommend that academic institutions and organizations continue to evaluate and promote evidence-based educational research to ensure that orthopaedic education meets the ever-increasing demands that residents and practicing surgeons will face in the present and future. III.

Studies of Health Insurance Claims Data in Japan: A Scoping Review.

Health insurance claims data are used in various research fields; however, an overview on how they are used in healthcare research is scarce in Japan. Therefore, we conducted a scoping review to systematically map the relevant studies using Japanese claims data. MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Ichushi-Web were searched up to April 2021 for studies using Japanese healthcare claims data. We abstracted the data on study characteristics and summarized target diseases and research themes by the types of claims database. Moreover, we described the results of studies that aimed to compare health insurance claims data with other data sources narratively. A total of 1,493 studies were included. Overall, the most common disease classifications were "Diseases of the circulatory system" (18.8%, n = 281), "Endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases" (11.5%, n = 171; mostly diabetes), and "Neoplasms" (10.9%, n = 162), and the most common research themes were "medical treatment status" (30.0%, n = 448), "intervention effect" (29.9%, n = 447), and "clinical epidemiology, course of diseases" (27.9%, n = 417). Frequent diseases and themes varied by type of claims databases. A total of 19 studies aimed to assess the validity of the claims-based definition, and 21 aimed to compare the results of claims data with other data sources. Most studies that assessed the validity of claims data compared to medical records were hospital-based, with a small number of institutions. Claims data are used in various research areas and will increasingly provide important evidence for healthcare policy in Japan. It is important to use previous claims database studies and share information on methodology among researchers, including validation studies, while informing policymakers about the applicability of claims data for healthcare planning and management.

Human fertility and religions in sub-Saharan Africa: A comprehensive review of publications and data, 2010-2020.

Fertility is declining only slowly in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and religion may be one factor involved. Based on the literature, we reviewed fertility rates of followers of different religions in SSA, and whether religion influences fertility. We used the Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar and reference lists to find papers, selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Within 21 countries, followers of African Indigenous Religions (AIR) had higher fertility (4-58%) than Christians. Within 25 countries, followers of Islam had higher fertility (2-36%) than Christians, though not in Zimbabwe and Uganda (-2% in each). Followers of AIR and Islam had on average similar fertility levels, as had Protestants and Catholics. Fertility was associated with religion-related themes in focus-groups and interviews. The most frequent themes for "increasing fertility" were related to religion (11 cases) and polygamy (11), whereas the most frequent themes for "limiting fertility" were financial constraints (7) and quality of life (5). These and other results suggest that religious denominations and faith contribute to high fertility in SSA.

Desordem física e social da vizinhança em cidades da América Latina: revisão de escopo

Abstract: Neighborhood disorder is an important aspect that may influence the health of residents in urban areas. The aims of this study were to map and systematize methods for measuring physical and social neighborhood disorder in studies conducted in Latin American cities. By means of a scoping review, articles published from 2000 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese with the following descriptors were mapped: neighborhood, physical disorder, and social disorder. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS (Virtual Health Library), Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Information on authorship, year, study type, locality, data source, target population, outcome, dominion, indicator, method, geographic unit, and unit of analysis was extracted. Variables from the disorder-related studies were extracted and grouped by similarity of content and themes. A total of 22 articles were identified, all published between 2012 and 2022, the majority in Brazil (n = 16). The perception of the individual was the most used method. The most frequent theme addressed in the physical disorder dominion was public streets (n = 20) and security (n = 15), in the social disorder dominion. A lack of consensus in the literature regarding variables used to measure physical and social neighborhood disorder in Latin American cities was detected. In addition to the need for standardization of the theme, studies to verify the sustainability of proposed measurement methods relevant to dynamically classify and compare urban neighborhoods and health impacts based on levels of exposure to physical and social disorder, are recommended.

Fleet management enterprise systems and traffic control synergies: a literature review and research agenda

Synergies between fleet management enterprise systems and traffic control systems for information sharing and collaborative planning can contribute to significant improvements to operational efficiency, safety and environmental impact. This paper provides a synthesis of the extant body of research on synergies between fleet management and traffic control systems identifying five key topics in prior research and suggesting research directions. The findings are based on a systematic literature review and topic modelling with the use of natural language processing (Latent Dirichlet Allocation). The five topics identified are related to: hazardous goods transportation, environment and emissions, position tracking and navigation technologies, traffic management and fleet operations´ optimization. The two most frequent topics link to social responsibility (minimizing accidents during hazardous goods transportation and minimizing environmental impact) indicating the relevance of this area of research to sustainability. Despite the strong potential for synergies between intelligent transportation systems and enterprise fleet management systems, the review identified a paucity of research on the coordination between real-time fleet management and traffic control measures (e.g. ramp metering, route guidance, variable speed limits and signal control).

ТЕМАТИЧНІ ГРУПИ ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧНОГО ПОЛЯ "МОЛОДІЖНИЙ СЛЕНГ" У СУЧАСНІЙ ПЕРСЬКІЙ МОВІ

Background. Slang, as a separate language layer, which is noticeably different from the standard literary language, in the modern era is noticeably spreading to various spheres of human existence. In Iran, slang penetrates the airwaves of radio and television, appears on the pages of print media, and is becoming more and more commonplace on the Internet. The lack of comprehensive studies of Persian youth slang in modern Iranian studies determines the relevance of this investigation, the purpose of which is to determine the structure of the lexical-semantic field "youth slang" in modern Persian based on the analysis of Persian-language forums and popular youth platforms. Methods. The following research methods were used: theoretical analysis and synthesis (study of scientific literature on the research topic); system analysis (selection of illustrative material and its grouping according to structure and semantics); field method (structuring of the lexical-semantic field), linguopragmatic analysis (features of the use of youth slang vocabulary by the Persian-speaking audience). Results. During the analysis of slang expressions on Persian-language forums and popular youth platforms, ten main thematic groups of the lexical-semantic field "youth slang" were identified according to the most popular communication topics among Iranian youth. Based on the results of the classification, a diagram was developed according to the frequency of functioning of each of the thematic groups. Conclusions. The main thematic groups of youth slang in the modern Persian language are: technology, humor and mockery, interpersonal relations, bad habits, culture, business, fashion, politics, sports and profanity. According to the results of the developed diagram, the most frequent topics for communication using slang on popular youth platforms are "Humor", "Technology", "Social networks", "Business", and the least common are "Politics" and "Sports".

A computer-assisted textual analysis of 10,191 rape news headlines shared on social media

Although rape is prevalent in Bangladesh, we have limited knowledge about how the media reports rape news. This study analyzed 10,191 headlines of rape news shared on ten Bangladeshi media's Facebook pages between 2013 and 2021. The aim was to investigate the media's rape news-sharing behavior by exploring the frequent topics of rape news. Following a computer-assisted textual analysis of the Bangla news headlines, this study found that media outlets share rape news on social media that is more likely to contain issues related to rape victims and judicial processes of rape crime. The news headlines provide information about rape victims, indicating their age groups and relations (e.g., teenager, young lady, girl, woman, wife), along with information about judicial processes (e.g., case, arrest, complaint, remand). The analysis further explored other prevalent topics in rape news that the media emphasizes, such as the elements used in rape (e.g., the promise of love and marriage, private video), the act of raping (e.g., tying, forcing, blackmailing, confining), and the places, states, and time of rape (e.g., alone, home, field). This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of news-sharing behavior, gender-based violence, and media framing of rape issues. It also offers methodological guidance to semi-automated social media text analysis for the Bangla language.

Code Switching in Digital Communication

This research examines Codeswitching (CS) from Hebrew into Arabic as used by Arabs from Iksal and Um Al-Fahm, in Israel, in the context of Arabic used in Digital communication (WhatsApp and Viber), specifically the written colloquial rural Palestinian Arabic dialect of Arabs in Israel. The study focuses on topics that motivate uses of code switching, the syntactic characteristics of these code switches, phonological aspects, Categories of CS. The expectations were that switches by bilinguals are largely limited to greeting phrases and are restricted to clause boundaries with one-word switching into Hebrew. Moreover, there is an adaptation of L2 to L1 phonology. The results show that the most frequent topics evolve around education and employment. Moreover, code switches can still be code switches even if they have been adapted to Arabic phonology. The results also reinforce previous findings, such as Paolillo (2011) and Lee (2007), on how synchronicity affects the usage of CS.

Analyzing gastronomic image by the content analysis of online reviews: An application to the gastronomy of Málaga (Spain)

The gastronomy of a destination can be a competitive advantage, but there is no study on how the gastronomy of Málaga is perceived. Therefore, the present study has tried to resolve this lack of information in order to contribute to the future development of strategies.A database of 1228 user-generated comments was compiled with the opinions of tourists. After the application of content analysis software, frequent topics and concepts, thematic clusters, text characteristics and positive and negative areas of the text were identified, as well as attributes that have practical implications for companies in the sector. The results show the concepts associated to our gastronomy, highlighting attributes such as the freshness of the food and its flavor and quality. Additionally, it was found that favorable opinions were mainly related to the food, while negative ones were related to the service.

Media Institutions in the Context of Demographic Policy Implementation in Russia: Regional Experience

Russian demographic policy is one of the significant components of its social policy, while over the past six years there has been a negative trend in the demographic situation, accompanied by a sharp decline in birth rates and natural increase. At the same time, state bodies have been actively implementing various measures of demographic policy, using mainly financial incentives, but their arsenal was insufficient. As a hypothesis of the study, we made an assumption about the insufficiently active participation of the media in covering demographic policy measures aimed at stimulating the birth rate, while social and demographic publications are an important component in shaping public opinion. The paper discusses the usage of mass media institutes’ potential as an instrument of demographic policy and support for the family, motherhood and childhood. The authors analyzed the materials posted on the official website of the regional authority responsible for the demographic policy, as well as media publications prepared on these materials. In 2021, almost 27% of publications on the official website of the regional authority responsible for the demographic policy were devoted to family support, motherhood and childhood. On average, there were 14 times more publications in the regional media, which confirms the potential of using this institution to support and promote fertility. Among the most frequent topics of publications were releases on financial measures to support families with children, as well as awarding families with many children.

Preventing and debunking earthquake misinformation: Insights into EMSC's practices

Misinformation spreads fast in times of crises, corroding public trust and causing further harm to already vulnerable communities. In earthquake seismology, the most common misinformation and misleading popular beliefs generally relate to earthquake prediction, earthquake genesis, and potential causal relations between climate, weather and earthquake occurrence. As a public earthquake information and dissemination center, the Euro-Mediterranean Seismological Center (EMSC) has been confronted many times with this issue over the years. In this paper we describe several types of earthquake misinformation that the EMSC had to deal with during the 2018 Mayotte earthquake crisis and the 2021 La Palma seismic swarm. We present frequent misinformation topics such as earthquake predictions seen on our communication channels. Finally, we expose how, based on desk studies and users' surveys, the EMSC has progressively improved its communication strategy and tools to fight earthquake misinformation and restore trust in science. In this paper we elaborate on the observed temporality patterns for earthquake misinformation and the implications this may have to limit the magnitude of the phenomenon. We also discuss the importance of social, psychological and cultural factors in the appearance and therefore in the fight against misinformation. Finally, we emphasize the need to constantly adapt to new platforms, new beliefs, and advances in science to stay relevant and not allow misinformation to take hold.

Coverage and effectiveness of conditional cash transfer for people with drug resistant tuberculosis in Zimbabwe: A mixed methods study.

The End TB strategy recommends social protection to mitigate socio-economic impacts of tuberculosis. Zimbabwe started implementing a conditional cash transfer (CCT) programme for people on drug resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) treatment in 2013. We aimed to determine the proportion of people receiving CCT and effectiveness of CCT in improving treatment outcomes, explore their experiences with registering for CCT and understand the impact of CCT from the perspective of beneficiaries. Data from 2014-2021 were extracted from TB registers and CCT payment records within the National TB Programme. Sixteen in-depth interviews were conducted with people who were completing treatment or had completed treatment within two months. Poisson regression, adjusted for province, year of treatment, age and sex was used to investigate associations between receiving CCT and successful treatment outcomes among people who were in DR-TB care for ≥3 months after treatment initiation. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis. A total of 481 people were included in the quantitative study. Of these, 53% (254/481) received CCT at some point during treatment. People who exited DR-TB care within three months were 73% less likely to receive CCT than those who did not (prevalence ratio (PR) = 0.27 [95%CI: 0.18-0.41]). Among those who were alive and in care three months after treatment initiation, CCT recipients were 32% more likely to have successful outcomes than those who did not (adjusted PR = 1.32, [95%CI: 1.00-1.75]). Qualitative results revealed lack of knowledge about availability of CCT among people with DR-TB and missed opportunities by healthcare providers to provide information about availability of CCT. Delays and inconsistencies in disbursements of CCT were frequent themes. CCT were associated with successful treatment outcomes. Improvements in coverage, timeliness and predictability of disbursements are recommended.

Use of internet forums by multilingual families

Raising children in a multilingual family is a demanding task. Seeking support, many parents turn to the internet where they post questions eliciting advice and feedback to forums and blogs. In our study, we identify the most pressing issues around the practice of multilingual upbringing reported in this rich source of data from the perspective of parents themselves. We collected over 500 posts from seven such forums, selected by purposive criterion sampling. We focused on characterizing users’ demographics and identifying most frequent themes. Our sample included mostly Western European and North American families with 2–4 languages each and 2–3 children up to 15 years old. The most frequent inquiries were from parents asking for language transmission strategies to support their minority language, which is especially salient among the children aged 4–6, coinciding with the start of full time schooling, but it lasts longer. Language mixing and finding resources are a concern for younger children but fade with age, although the former remains in the form of language preference by the children. Language mixing is disproportionally present for trilingual or multilingual children (children with three or more languages). Other categories include environmental criticisms, literacy, mobility, raising a child in a non-native language, language delays, linguistic insecurities, timing, and a (large) miscellaneous category.

Quality of information about Pelvic Physiotherapy published on Instagram

Background: Social media are the main source of information for Brazilians, especially Instagram®, but the quality of the health related information posted there still unknown. Aims: To study the quality of information about Pelvic Physiotherapy posted on Instagram®. Method: The first 250 publications of each set of 10 days in the month of November 2022, in a total of 750, were searched by #fisioterapiapelvica, restricted by the “most recent” tab. Those dealing with course advertising, clinical staff presentation, equipment sales, etc. were excluded. The content of each was compared to the highest available scientific evidence and classified as correct, partially correct or incorrect. Results: Of 750 publications sampled, 73.4% were excluded, leaving 199 posts. Of these, 47.2% were considered correct, while 52.8% were considered partially correct or incorrect. The most frequent topics were general information, followed by obstetrics, pain and urinary incontinence. Conclusion: The scientific quality of most posts about Pelvic Physiotherapy on Instagram® is poor.

A social media network analysis of trypophobia communication

Trypophobia has attracted scientific attention in recent years. Few related studies have recruited participants using online methods, and even less is known about health communication in an environment where trypophobia was first widely discussed (i.e., the Internet). This study describes communication patterns in a Facebook group for trypophobia by detecting frequent topics, top contributors, and their discourses. We identified key commenters and performed word frequency analysis, word co-occurrence analysis, topic modeling, and content analysis. Impactful users posted and replied more often when discussing peer-reviewed science. Triggering content was actively removed by the group administrators. A wide variety of triggers not discussed in trypophobia-related literature were frequently mentioned. However, there was a lack of discussion on peer-reviewed treatments. The combination of a few expert and many supportive amateur gatekeepers willing to understand trypophobia, along with active monitoring by administrators, might contribute to in-group trust and the sharing of peer-reviewed science by top users of the trypophobia Facebook group.

What Do Women Want? Identifying Life Goals in a Community-Based Sample of Women Aged ≥60 Years.

Few studies have examined women's perspectives on their health and priorities in older age. In the current study, we administered a cross-sectional survey to women aged ≥60 years, recruited at a large community event in 2019. Participants (N = 303; mean age = 68 years) reported up to three 12-month life goals in open-text fields (N = 1,053 goals). Our qualitative analysis identified 25 themes under four domains: Health and Wellness (n = 339 goals), Work and Leisure (n = 316 goals), Relationships (n = 199 goals), and Personal Growth (n = 170 goals). The most frequent themes pertained to family relationships, travel, staying healthy, and physical activity. Findings did not vary by participants' comorbidity status. Women have diverse aspirations as they age, including nurturing relationships, acquiring novel skills and experiences, and maintaining overall health and wellness. Gerontological nurses can better meet the needs of this population by expanding their awareness of patients' life goals and partnering with women to optimize health to achieve these goals. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 48(12), 25-33.].

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition as a learning paradigm of cell biology.

Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex biological process that occurs during normal embryogenesis and in certain pathological conditions, particularly in cancer. EMT can be viewed as a cell biology-based process, since it involves all the cellular components, including the plasma membrane, cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and mitochondria, as well as cellular processes, such as regulation of gene expression and cell cycle, adhesion, migration, signaling, differentiation, and death. Therefore, we propose that EMT could be used to motivate undergraduate medical students to learn and understand cell biology. Here, we describe and discuss the involvement of each cellular component and process during EMT. To investigate the density with which different cell biology concepts are used in EMT research, we apply a bibliometric approach. The most frequent cell biology topics in EMT studies were regulation of gene expression, cell signaling, cell cycle, cell adhesion, cell death, cell differentiation, and cell migration. Finally, we suggest that the study of EMT could be incorporated into undergraduate disciplines to improve cell biology understanding among premedical, medical and biomedical students.

Insights from Two Decades of PISA-related Studies in the New Century: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT Several international large-scale assessments were conducted at the turn of the new century, and during the past two decades the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) completed seven cycles of assessment to facilitate practitioners’ policy debates and governance. This study reviews PISA-related articles published in English and Chinese. Three literature databases were searched, with a focus on SSCI, CSSCI, and TSSCI journal publications. The frequency of publication was analyzed according to the author’s country affiliation, type of journal, and research categories/themes. Findings indicate that research on student-, school- and system-level indicators with a focus on students’ learning processes and outcomes as well as critiques of technical matters on PISA were frequent topics in the literature during the past two decades. Issues of equality and equity examined in the publications have implications for enhancing practitioners’ capabilities in terms of policy making and governance.

Bibliometric and Text Analytics Approaches to Review COVID-19 Impacts on Supply Chains

The current COVID-19 pandemic has virtually disrupted supply chains worldwide. Thus, supply chain research has received significant attention. While the impacts have been immeasurable, organizations have realized the need to design strategies to overcome such unexpected events. Therefore, the supply chain research landscape has evolved to address the challenges during the pandemic. However, available literature surveys have not explored the power of text analytics. Hence, in this review, an analysis of the supply chain literature related to the impacts of COVID-19 is performed to identify the current research trends and future research avenues. To discover the frequent topics discussed in the literature, bibliometric analysis (i.e., keyword co-occurrence network) and text mining tools (i.e., N-gram analysis and topic modeling) are employed for the whole corpus and the top-three contributing journals (i.e., Sustainability, International Journal of Logistics Management, Operations Management Research). Moreover, text analytics (i.e., Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency: TF-IDF) is utilized to discover the distinctive topics in the corpus and per journals. A total of 574 papers published up to the first semester of 2022 were collected from the Scopus database to determine the research trends and opportunities. The keyword network identified four clusters considering the implementation of digitalization to achieve resilience and sustainability, the usage of additive manufacturing during the pandemic, the study of food supply chains, and the development of supply chain decision models to tackle the pandemic. Moreover, the segmented keyword network analysis and topic modeling were performed for the top three contributors. Although both analyses draw the research concentrations per journal, the keyword network tends to provide a more general scope, while the topic modeling gives more specific topics. Furthermore, TF-IDF scores unveiled topics rarely studied, such as the implications of the pandemic on plasma supply chains, cattle supply chains, and reshoring decisions, to mention a few. Additionally, it was observed how the different methodologies implemented allowed to complement the information provided by each method. Based on the findings, future research avenues are discussed. Therefore, this research will help supply chain practitioners and researchers to identify supply chain advancements, gaps in the literature and future research streams.

A review study on eye-tracking technology usage in immersive virtual reality learning environments

This systematic review study synthesizes research findings pertaining to the use of eye-tracking technology in immersive virtual reality (IVR) learning environments created by using head mounted displays. Research published between January 2012 and May 2022 has been explored and specific inclusion and exclusion criteria have been applied to select articles. Fifty articles were selected and then reviewed with respect to (1) devices employed in research; (2) learning domains; (3) the number and academic level of participants, data collection methods, and duration of IVR activities; and (4) indicators and themes of visual attention. The main findings from this review demonstrate Tobii and HTC Vive are the most popular tools in research on eye-tracking technology usage in IVR learning environments. What's more, cognitive science and educational technology were found to be the most frequent domains in research on eye-tracking technology usage in IVR. The number of participants varied across reviewed articles but tertiary education was the most common academic level of participating students. Scholars used questionnaires and tests frequently to collect their research data. Fixation duration was the most frequently used indicator. The most frequent themes in reviewed research were task performance, teaching and learning strategies, and learning tools. The study concludes with suggestions for future research.