Frequency Of Sessions Research Articles

Effectiveness of digital health interventions in improving mental health of older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Mental health issues are highly prevalent in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Digital Health Interventions (DHIs) for individuals with MCI have proven effective in improving cognitive function, but their impact on mental health has received less attention. Reporting a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of DHIs for older adults with MCI, focusing on mental health outcomes both overall and within homogeneous subgroups. A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials will be conducted, with searches performed in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, and WanFang date from inception to March 2024. Mental health outcomes are the primary outcome. Risk of bias will be assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration tool, and evidence quality will be evaluated with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation. If sufficient studies are available, subgroup analysis will assess variations based on population and intervention characteristics, including types and modalities of DHIs, intervention settings, session frequency, and duration, focusing on specific mental health outcomes and both short- and long-term effects. Additionally, sensitivity analysis and meta-regression analysis will identify sources of other potential heterogeneity. The protocol will guide a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of DHIs in improving mental health of older adults with MCI. This effort will enhance understanding and optimization of DHIs, vital for reducing mental health disparities and improving psychotherapy access for older adults with MCI. CRD42024522342.

Effect of non-invasive brain stimulation in children with acquired brain injury-a scoping review.

Children and young people (CYP) with acquired brain injury (ABI) require early and effective neurorehabilitation to improve long-term functional outcomes. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS), including transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), have been used to improve motor and sensory skills for children with cerebral palsy. However, there is limited evidence supporting its use in CYP with ABI. To systematically review the TMS and tDCS intervention effects on motor, sensory and other functional issues in CYP with ABI as reported in the literature. A comprehensive online bibliographic databases search was performed in various databases using keywords related to NIBS and CYP with ABI. Studies that examine the effect of NIBS intervention on motor function and other functional difficulties either as a primary or secondary objective were included in this review. Fourteen studies (10 single case reports, one retrospective analysis, one case series, one randomised and one quasi-randomised controlled trial) published between 2006 and 2023 were identified. These studies examined the use of NIBS to manage motor disorders, hearing, vision, headaches, speech and language and memory issues. Seventy-six children with mild to severe ABI had received NIBS. The session frequency (3-20), duration (10-45 min) was variable, and NIBS delivered between 3 and 28 days. The literature describing NIBS interventions in CYP with ABI is scarce. An insufficient number of studies, inadequate information reported in them, and small sample sizes limit the ability to conclude how effective NIBS is in improving motor function and other functional issues in this cohort. Further studies are therefore necessary to examine the therapeutic effects of NIBS to manage various functional problems in the CYP with ABI.

Hybrid Evaluation of a Lifestyle Change Program to Prevent the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Among Individuals With Prediabetes: Intended and Observed Changes in Intervening Mechanisms.

Lifestyle interventions can prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D) by successfully inducing behavioral changes (eg, avoiding physical inactivity and sedentariness, increasing physical activity and/or healthy eating) that reduce body weight and normalize metabolic levels (eg, HbA1c). For interventions to be successful, it is important to influence "behavioral mechanisms" such as self-efficacy, which motivate behavioral changes. Theory-based expectations of how self-efficacy, chronic stress, and mood changed over time were investigated through a group-based behavior change intervention (PREMIT). At 8 intervention sites, PREMIT was offered by trained primary care providers in 18 group-sessions over a period of 36 months, divided into 4 intervention phases. Adherence to the intervention protocol was assessed. Participants (n = 962) with overweight and prediabetes who had achieved ≥8% weight loss during a diet reduction period and completed the intervention were categorized into 3 groups: infrequent, frequent, or very frequent group sessions attendance. The interactions between participation in the group sessions and changes in self-efficacy, stress, and mood were multivariate tested. Intervention sites were regularly asked where and how they deviated from the intervention protocol. There was no increase in the participants' self-efficacy in any group. However, the level of self-efficacy was maintained among those who attended the group sessions frequently, while it decreased in the other groups. For all participants, chronic stress and the frequency of attending group sessions were inversely related. Significant differences in mood were found for all groups. All intervention centers reported specific activities, additional to intervention protocol, to promote participation in the group sessions. The results suggest that the behavioral changes sought by trained primary care providers are related to attendance frequency and follow complex trajectories. The findings also suggest that group-based interventions in naturalistic primary care settings aimed at preventing T2D require formats and strategies that encourage participants to attend group sessions regularly.

Supporting Wellness, Resilience, and Community With Forest Therapy.

Physician burnout has reached epidemic proportions. Although burnout is rooted in systems, practices for physician wellbeing and community can address exhaustion, burnout, and isolation. Inspired by the Japanese practice shinrin-yoku, forest therapy/bathing (FT) is a nature immersion practice that improves wellbeing in a group setting. This program offered guided FT experiences to frontline faculty physicians in the Department of Medicine and evaluated potential for impact on burnout, resilience, and community. Faculty physicians were recruited via email invitations to a free Forest Therapy group experience in the Arnold Arboretum in Boston, MA. Participants completed pre-and post-course surveys and evaluated its value as a community experience. Surveys measured burnout, resilience, and qualitative feedback on the experience. Twenty-seven faculty completed the baseline survey, twenty-three faculty participated, with 19 survey respondents. At baseline, 85% reported feeling burned out at least once a month. 46% reported feeling burned out more than a few times a month. 83% of participants responded that forest therapy could help them with the feeling of being burned out from work. Post-intervention, 100% of participants rated the experience as very or extremely valuable. 96% of participants reported they were interested in more frequent forest therapy sessions. 100% of participants would recommend this practice to other faculty. 70% of respondents reported the program could help them with burnout. Despite high baseline resilience, 94% of participants reported that forest therapy could help with stressful events and setbacks. Post-intervention, participants reported feeling relaxed, at peace, and calm. This pilot demonstrates feasibility and acceptability for physicians of FT. Participants would consider recommending FT to their colleagues, and agreed that FT can help with wellbeing, and expressed enthusiasm for the community experience. This program may also be successfully incorporated into programs for leadership, teambuilding, and support after adverse events.

SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS ON HOW ASANA AND PRANAYAMA YOGA AFFECTS STRESS LEVELS IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

Background: Medical students are susceptible to mental illnesses that are brought on by expectations for exceeding academic success. To avoid more serious risks in the future, medical students must manage their stress because it contributes to anxiety, depression, sleep issues, and decreased academic success. Regular yoga practice is one effective and efficient lifestyle modification that can be used to handle stress. This systematic review shows how yoga can help medical students feel less stressed. This study aims to determine the effect between the duration and frequency of Asana and Pranayama Yoga on stress levels in medical students.Methods: Studies till 2022 are used in this systematic review. Articles were accumulated using PubMed, ProQuest, and EBSCOhost. Each search engine has its own designated keywords. Studies were assessed using the NHLBI Study Quality Assessment Tools. Ten studies met the criteria for this study and were all used and analyzed. Results: There were ten studies that met this systematic review criteria and were rated as having good quality by the NHLBI quality assessment tool. All studies showed an association between the frequency of yoga sessions and reduced stress in medical students. Some studies had shorter yoga sessions than others, so the duration of each session did not affect the results as much as the frequency. Conclusion: This study shows that the frequency of yoga sessions has an impact, resulting in lower stress levels in medical students. The impact of yoga duration is minimal when compared to yoga frequency. Yoga should be applied as an intervention to increase the quality of life of medical students.

Early clinical exposure as an adjunct in learning anatomy among first-year medical undergraduates

Abstract Introduction : Early clinical exposure (ECE) is a new teaching method introduced in the first year of medical school to bridge the gap between pre-clinical and clinical subjects. The impact of ECE on learning anatomy has not been extensively studied. Objectives: To examine the perceptions of first-year medical undergraduates towards ECE in learning anatomy. Methods: 197 first-year MBBS students who attended 30 hours of ECE sessions were surveyed through a Google form with closed and open-ended questions. Categorical data was represented by frequency and percentage, and continuous variables by mean ± SD. Results: 94.6% of the respondents agreed that ECE was an interesting method of learning anatomy compared to traditional lectures, while 5.4% disagreed. 95.1% of students agreed that ECE motivated them to read more on the topics covered, while 4.9% felt ECE showed no impact on their motivation to study. Students strongly believed that ECE helped them understand the topics taught in Anatomy better (36.5%, n=72), retain information (35.5%, n=70), correlate with clinical scenarios (48.2%, n=95) 95.6% students opined that the frequency of ECE sessions should be increased and incorporated along with regular lectures in Anatomy. Conclusion: ECE sessions were well appreciated and accepted by students. ECE helps in understanding concepts in anatomy better, makes correlation with clinical aspects easier, and retaining information learned through ECE sessions is possible. ECE may serve as a great tool in imparting quality medical education.

The role of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation therapy in functional bowel disease.

This study investigates the effectiveness of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a biophysical therapy for alleviating symptoms of functional bowel disorder (FBD) and associated psychological symptoms by targeting the brain-gut axis. We conducted a comparative analysis involving 226 subjects, comprising the FBD group (n = 113) and a healthy control group (n = 113). Within the FBD group, participants were further divided into those who received rTMS therapy (FBD treatment group, n = 63) and those who did not (FBD control group, n = 50). The FBD treatment group was subcategorized based on the number of rTMS treatments received. We evaluated various factors, including gender, age, monthly household income, daily activity level, and sleep quality, as potential risk factors for FBD. Severity assessments of FBD and associated symptoms (constipation, anxiety, depression, and somatization disorders) were conducted using validated scales before and after treatment. Our findings revealed a higher incidence of FBD in women, with most cases emerging at age 50 or older. We identified lower monthly household income, reduced daily activity levels, and poorer sleep quality as factors associated with a higher likelihood of FBD. FBD patients exhibited higher scores for constipation, anxiety, depression, and somatization disorders compared to healthy controls. rTMS therapy was effective in reducing gastrointestinal symptoms, anxiety, depression, and somatization disorders among FBD patients. Notably, the extent of improvement was positively correlated with the number of rTMS sessions. No adverse effects were observed during the study. Our study underscores the efficacy of biophysical therapy, specifically repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, in mitigating FBD symptoms and associated psychological distress. The treatment's effectiveness is positively linked to the frequency of rTMS sessions.

CO-DESIGNING A GREEN ACTIVITY PRESCRIPTION PROGRAM WITH HISPANIC/LATINO PERSONS LIVING WITH MEMORY CHALLENGES

Abstract Nature activities can improve well-being and may modify risk factors for cognitive decline. There is a gap between nature activities offered within a person’s community and their ability to participate in them, including Hispanic/Latino persons living with memory challenges (MCI and mild dementia) in urban lower-resourced areas. An occupational therapist can bridge this gap by tailoring nature activities available in a person’s home, neighborhood, and community to their interests and needs. Utilizing a participatory approach, we sought to co-design a 12-week Green Activity Prescription (GAP-H) with Hispanic/Latino individuals living with memory challenges and their care partners. Participants were recruited via convenience and snowball sampling in the Bronx, NY with outdoor activity professionals (n=7), Hispanic/Latino persons living with memory challenges and care partners (n=5), and interdisciplinary healthcare providers/dementia experts (n=7). Co-design occurred iteratively with 5 focus groups and 2 individual interviews lasting 30-90 minutes and focused on intervention and research design. Sessions were recorded and transcribed. Utilizing directed content analysis data was coded using a priori codes intervention design and research design. Participant preferences for intervention design were captured by subcodes session duration (30-90 minutes), frequency (4-8 sessions), and delivery modes (in-person and phone). Participants’ preferred nature activities included group exercise and outdoor crafts [crocheting], outcomes of well-being, social participation, decreased loneliness, and stewardship were identified. Preferred language for recruitment materials were memory challenges, Hispanic/Latino, and well-being. Referral pathways were identified including community-based organizations and primary care. Findings can inform the co-design process of other interventions for this population.

Kinderkinetics motor intervention framework for children with Developmental Coordination Disorder:

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is a motor coordination disorder that persists if intervention is not provided. Local guidelines are unavailable for intervention in children with probable DCD (p-DCD), and the aim of this study was to develop a motor intervention framework focusing specifically on the South African population within the scope of kinderkinetics, based on expert information, as a guideline for children with DCD or p-DCD. Twenty-nine kinderkinetics experts from South Africa participated in a three-round e-Delphi process. Round one obtained consensus and opinions from the experts by reviewing literature findings on intervention for children with DCD or p-DCD. Rounds two and three were based on answers and opinions provided in round one to determine an 80% agreement to accept the statement. Ten main elements formed the foundation for the motor intervention framework. The main focus areas of the framework were intervention planning, goal setting, intervention approaches, intervention apparatus, intervention delivery mode, additional role players, settings, dosage (time, duration, frequency and number of sessions), and evaluation. Understanding that the causes of DCD are heterogeneous was essential in finalising the framework. The research provided unique and collated feedback from kinderkinetics experts to develop a motor intervention framework for children with DCD or p-DCD within the scope of kinderkinetics in South Africa.

Assessing the performance of a participatory governance transformation in small-scale fisheries: A case study from Uruguay

The crisis in small-scale fisheries (SSFs) is worsened by weak governance structures, requiring urgent transformation. Participatory arrangements like co-management offer potential to enhance resilience in these social-ecological systems. However, the performance of collaborative governance modes must be evaluated to support institutional learning, refine governance structures, and ensure the legitimacy of transformative changes. In Uruguay, Local Fishery Councils (LFCs) were institutionalized a decade ago to involve fishers in managing and governing SSFs. This study assesses the LFC for the yellow clam SSF using three approaches: analysis of LFC meeting minutes, compilation of stakeholder perceptions, and analysis of social networks. The study found a decline in session frequency due to limited resources caused by the termination of an externally funded project. Performance indicators from the minutes identified recurring concerns on assessment, governance, and management, and issues related to monitoring, control, and surveillance. The influence of markets and the impact of red tides on fisheries performance were also brought up. Stakeholders perceived successful management solutions achieved through collaborative efforts, supporting co-management and resource recovery progress. However, social network analysis revealed communication patterns marked by core-periphery structure, showing partial disconnection and reluctance of the coastal marine authority to engage in inter-institutional collaboration. Despite challenges from climate change and markets, the LFC played a crucial role in co-creating solutions, empowering fishers with new skills and knowledge. Findings stress the importance of collaborative governance in promoting sustainable management and supporting institutional learning for transformative change in SSFs.

Humanoid Robots administering Cognitive Stimulation Therapy to help improve cognition and reduce neuropsychiatric disorders

AbstractBackgroundDementia is a progressive disease that causes a continuous decline in cognition. People affected with dementia are also at high risk for neuropsychiatric disorders requiring frequent therapy sessions. The current healthcare worker shortages have made finding a therapist challenging, resulting in increased hospital admissions due to an increase in neuropsychiatric disorders in people affected with dementia. To address this problem humanoid robots and wearable sensors were programmed to administer Cognitive Stimulation Therapy(CST), a therapy that doesn’t require a clinician to be administered. CST is an evidence based therapy that is administered twice a week for seven weeks. The wearable sensors track and monitor the physiological data and are able to predict neuropsychiatric symptoms. The robots interact, communicate and administer the therapy while the participants are wearing the sensors along with artificial intelligence algorithms that track the physiological data to help predict any neuropsychiatric symptoms.MethodA humanoid robot, Pepper was programmed to administer Cognitive Stimulation Therapy to be deployed in nursing homes to help improve cognition and also help alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms. The protocol involves conducting a cognitive assessment using the MMSE prior to initiation of the Cognitive Stimulation Therapy. The Cognitive Stimulation Therapy is administered twice a week for seven weeks. At the end of the fourteen sessions the MMSE is administered again to measure the cognition levels. Additionally pre and post surveys for depression, quality of life, Pittsburgh sleep index/ sleep quality and activities of daily living are conducted to monitor the neuropsychiatric symptoms. During the entire seven weeks the participants physiological data is tracked and analyzed using artificial intelligence algorithms to predict neuropsychiatric symptoms. The combination of the humanoid robots and the wearable sensors work in sync to improve cognition and reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia..ResultThe robot is successfully programmed and tested in the lab setting. The study is successfully designed.ConclusionRobots can be employed to administer cognitive stimulation therapy to help improve cognition and reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms in people affected with dementia. Robots have the potential to address healthcare worker shortages.

Humanoid Robots administering Cognitive Stimulation Therapy to help improve cognition and reduce neuropsychiatric disorders

AbstractBackgroundDementia is a progressive disease that causes a continuous decline in cognition. People affected with dementia are also at high risk for neuropsychiatric disorders requiring frequent therapy sessions. The current healthcare worker shortages have made finding a therapist challenging, resulting in increased hospital admissions due to an increase in neuropsychiatric disorders in people affected with dementia. To address this problem humanoid robots and wearable sensors were programmed to administer Cognitive Stimulation Therapy(CST), a therapy that doesn’t require a clinician to be administered. CST is an evidence based therapy that is administered twice a week for seven weeks. The wearable sensors track and monitor the physiological data and are able to predict neuropsychiatric symptoms. The robots interact, communicate and administer the therapy while the participants are wearing the sensors along with artificial intelligence algorithms that track the physiological data to help predict any neuropsychiatric symptoms.MethodA humanoid robot, Pepper was programmed to administer Cognitive Stimulation Therapy to be deployed in nursing homes to help improve cognition and also help alleviate neuropsychiatric symptoms. The protocol involves conducting a cognitive assessment using the MMSE prior to initiation of the Cognitive Stimulation Therapy. The Cognitive Stimulation Therapy is administered twice a week for seven weeks. At the end of the fourteen sessions the MMSE is administered again to measure the cognition levels. Additionally pre and post surveys for depression, quality of life, Pittsburgh sleep index/ sleep quality and activities of daily living are conducted to monitor the neuropsychiatric symptoms. During the entire seven weeks the participants physiological data is tracked and analyzed using artificial intelligence algorithms to predict neuropsychiatric symptoms. The combination of the humanoid robots and the wearable sensors work in sync to improve cognition and reduce behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia..ResultThe robot is successfully programmed and tested in the lab setting. The study is successfully designed.ConclusionRobots can be employed to administer cognitive stimulation therapy to help improve cognition and reduce neuropsychiatric symptoms in people affected with dementia. Robots have the potential to address healthcare worker shortages.

학교 내 아침체육활동 관련 연구 동향과 과제

Objectives The purposes of this study were to analyze the research trends related to morning physical activities within schools and to explore the challenges for future research directions.
 Methods 68 studies were selected as the final research targets by searching the domestic academic database ‘RISS’ from 2010 to 2021, under the theme of “Morning Sports Activities, 0 Period Physical Education, and Morning Exercise.” These include 26 domestic academic papers and 42 dissertations. The final selected documents were analyzed by dividing the research status of morning sports activities (publishment year, research subject, research method), morning sports activity program (operational event, period, number of operations, operating time), and morning sports activity effect (cognitive effect, affective effect, psychodynamic effect).
 Results In the research status of morning physical activities, the publication years with the highest research activity were 2013 (11 studies) and 2015 (11 studies). The study subjects were primarily elementary students (33 studies), followed by high school students (15 studies), middle school students (12 studies), and teachers (4 studies). In terms of research methods, quantitative research (52 studies) was the most common, followed by qualitative research (12 studies) and mixed-methods research (4 studies). Regarding morning physical activity programs, many programs incorporated a mix of activities rather than single activities, with a duration of 12 weeks being the most common (10 studies). The frequency of activity sessions per week included 5 sessions (12 studies), 3 sessions (9 studies), 2 sessions (8 studies), and some cases of voluntary participation. The duration of each activity session was often 40 minutes (18 studies), followed by 30 minutes (11 studies), 50 minutes (5 studies), and 60 minutes (5 studies). In terms of the effects of morning physical activities, they were categorized into cognitive effects related to academic achievement and concentration (21 studies), affective and attitude-related effects, as well as interpersonal relationship-related effects (42 studies), and physical health and fitness-related effects (20 studies).
 Conclusions Future research challenges were proposed, including diversifying the research subjects, overcoming research biases, and enhancing the expertise and systematic nature of research.

Pain and quality of life of patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia

BackgroundPain has an adverse effect on HRQoL and has social, psychological, and physical repercussions for ESRD patients. In the present study, we assessed chronic pain in ESRD patients on HD in terms of severity and interference with activity. We also assessed the impact it has on these patients, along with looking at the factors that were linked to QoL in this population. MethodsA multicenter, cross-sectional study carried out between April and July of 2023 in the hemodialysis units of Asir Central Hospital and Khamis Mushait General Hospital. Brief Pain Inventory and European Quality of Life scale 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) scale, including its European Quality of Life visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS) component, were used to assess pain and QoL, respectively. ResultsA total of 97 participants were included in the final study. The average interference level of pain with daily functions was 22.5 ± 15.0 out of 70. The mean interference score was significantly higher among patients at rural areas (28.2 ± 16.3; P = 0.012), and those who undergone dialysis session for ≥ 4 times per week (31.6 ± 16.7; P = 0.026). The overall score of quality of life ranged from 20% to 92% with mean score of 36.5 ± 12.8%. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that patients with higher BMI, more frequent dialysis sessions per week, and higher level of pain interference with daily functions demonstrated lower QoL (B= – 2.36, – 1.46, and – 0.64, respectively. ConclusionsPain has a significant negative impact on QoL in ESRD patients undergoing HD. Patients with higher BMI, more frequent dialysis sessions, and higher level of pain interference with daily functions are at higher risk of lower QoL. These findings provide valuable information for educators, physicians, and other healthcare providers working with patients undergoing HD.

Missed opportunities: Reducing zero dose children among the urban poor after COVID, Mumbai India, 2022

Reaching urban poor populations poses challenges for equitable immunization coverage. Furthermore, COVID disrupted routine immunization services. In Mumbai, India, first dose diphtheria tetanus pertussis containing vaccine (DTPCV1)coverage dropped from 88% (2019) to 76% (2021).We identified and characterized 125 zero-dose (those withoutDTPCV1)migrant children in urban Mumbai in October 2022.Almost half were born elsewhere than Mumbai; 53% resided at their present location for less than a year. More than half were 12–59 months of age, well-beyond the age for first routine childhood immunizations.Three of four zero dose children had received birth dose vaccination in the hospital; but failed to receive DTPCV1. Vaccine hesitancy, awareness gaps and operational issues were common reasons for non-vaccination. Despite frequent visits to health facilities for illness,only a third of facility staff asked or advised parents about vaccination.Missed opportunities were much more common in private than government facilities.For the vast majority (88%), residential sites were included in local routine immunization micro-plans and distances to immunization sites were short (less than 1 km for 94 % of families).However, planned session frequency was inadequate half of the time.Expanded efforts to reach migrant urban poor children are needed to ensure vaccine equity.

Is Electroacupuncture Contraindicated for Preventing and Treating Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy?

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side-effect of several drugs used to combat cancer. Thus, researchers have sought better treatments for and prevention of CIPN, such as electroacupuncture (EA). Some trials show EA worsens or prolongs CIPN pain and recommend against further studies on this. This narrative review explores EA for preventing or treating CIPN, comparing positive and negative outcomes. PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar were searched for electroacupuncture, CIPN, and peripheral neuropathy. A snowballing method was used to find systematic reviews and studies in systematic reviews. Seven English-language trials were found on using EA for preventing or treating CIPN. In 3 prevention studies, 1 had significant benefits, 1 had modest benefits, and 1 had worse pain in an EA group at follow-up, compared to sham controls. In 4 treatment studies, 2 had significant benefits, 1 had no difference from 3 controls, and 1 had sham control was superior to verum EA. Most of the studies were limited by small sample sizes, and some studies used EA protocols and treatment doses (frequency and total number of sessions) that were potentially suboptimal. The quantity and quality of the studies are insufficient to draw firm conclusions on effectiveness and safety. More studies must test optimal EA protocols and treatment dosages. It is inappropriate to say that EA is not recommended for CIPN prevention or treatment, because there is no robust evidence to justify this. Generally, research has found benefits and no harms.

Complex Psychological Comorbidity and Chronic Pain

This study investigates the effectiveness of Multimodal Pain Management (MMST) in patients with complex psychological comorbidity and chronic pain, especially in patients with trauma. Based on expert interviews, it is emphasized that the success of MMST depends heavily on a comprehensive psychological diagnosis to detect and treat potential trauma at an early stage. In addition, it is emphasized that specific treatment approaches, such as longer therapy times and a higher frequency of psychotherapeutic sessions, are required for this patient group. The research draws on various psychological models to represent the interactions between pain and trauma. It highlights the need to identify the factors contributing to maintaining post-traumatic pain. Despite potential limitations, such as limited sample size and lack of control groups, the study highlights the urgent need for further research to develop and optimize effective treatment strategies for this specific patient population.

The Effects of EEG Biofeedback Training on Visual Reaction Time in Judo Athletes.

The aim of the study was to expand the current knowledge on the effects of EEG biofeedback training on the reaction time of judo athletes, as well as to develop an optimal EEG training protocol in terms of the number of sessions and their duration that would significantly improve the reaction time of athletes. The study included 24 male athletes from the national team of the Polish Judo Association. The selected group was randomly divided into two subgroups: experimental and control. The study was conducted in four cycles varying in terms of frequency and duration of neurofeedback (NFB) sessions, both in the control and experimental groups. In the experimental group, each training cycle consisted of 15 sessions, followed by a four-week break. The effects of NFB training on the visual reaction time of judo athletes were evaluated using computerized simple and complex reaction time tests along with selected trials of the Vienna Test System (VTS). Following NFB training according to the theta/beta1 protocol, while maintaining appropriate duration and frequency of individual training sessions, statistically significant improvements in reaction times to visual stimuli of athletes, both in simple and complex tasks, were observed in the experimental group. No such changes were found in the control group. The greatest improvement in reaction times was observed in complex tasks, indicating the high effectiveness of EEG biofeedback training in enhancing this ability.

Understanding the Sociocognitive Determinants Underlying Intentions to Exercise for Postconcussion Symptom Relief: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior.

This study investigated individual sociocognitive factors from the theory of planned behavior and their relationship to exercise for postconcussion recovery. Four hundred and fifty-nine Australian adults, two-thirds of whom had no concussion history (66%), completed an online survey of their beliefs and attitudes toward exercise for postconcussion recovery. Secondary questions evaluated program design features that could affect engagement (eg,session frequency). Structured equation modeling found that subjective norms were the strongest significant predictor of intention to participate in exercise for postconcussion recovery. Perceived behavioral control was also a significant predictor of intention to participate but to a lesser extent. Attitude did not predict participation intention. The design features identified as key were personalization and being supervised during the program. This study found that people's intention to participate in a program of exercise postconcussion recovery is shaped by individual psychological factors and identified program design features that could be adjusted for increased engagement. Program success could be maximized through strategies such as supporting individuals to have a stronger sense of control over their participation through the choice of session timing or frequency and harnessing the influence of significant others via supportive messaging from key professionals.

6 Feasibility and Perceived Benefit of an Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation Approach within a Tertiary Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Setting

Objective:Medulloblastoma is the most common pediatric malignant brain tumor. Approximately 29% of medulloblastoma patients experience postoperative posterior fossa syndrome (PFS) characterized by impairments in speech, motor, and mood. An interdisciplinary rehabilitation approach is associated with greater rehabilitation gains than a single discipline approach for brain injury patients with significant rehabilitation needs. However, literature regarding the feasibility and utility of this approach within a tertiary care pediatric hematology/oncology setting is lacking. The Acute Neurological Injury (ANI) service was developed to coordinate care for neurologically complex hematology/oncology patients receiving active cancer treatment, including those with PFS. ANI care coordination includes bimonthly interdisciplinary team meetings, interdisciplinary goal implementation for each patient, parent psychoeducation about applicable brain-behavior relationships (including PFS) at treatment initiation, neuropsychological assessment at transition times throughout treatment, cognitive remediation, and coordinated end of treatment transition planning. We gathered caregiver perspective on this approach within a tertiary care pediatric hematology/oncology setting.Participants and Methods:Parents of children and young adults (ages 4-20) with PFS after medulloblastoma resection who received coordinated care as part of the ANI program (n=20) were interviewed at least 4 months following completion of cancer treatment. 75% experienced postoperative mutism while the remainder experienced significantly decreased speech without mutism. All received cranial-spinal irradiation and focal boosts to tumor sites followed by chemotherapy per multi-institutional treatment protocol. Caregivers were interviewed regarding perceived feasibility and utility of ANI program components including parent psychoeducation, neuropsychological assessment, cognitive remediation, and interdisciplinary team coordination/goal setting, as well as parental supports. Yes/no responses were gathered as well as responses regarding the perceived utility of aspects of the interdisciplinary ANI program approach via a five-point Likert scale.Results:Surveys were completed by 66% of families contacted. Mean age at first contact with neuropsychology as part of the ANI program was 9.45 years (SD=4.4 years). Mean time between end of treatment and parent interview was 3.20 years (SD=2.01 years). Most parents reported that initial psychoeducation about PFS helped to decrease their concerns (81%) and increased their understanding of their child’s functioning in the context of PFS (88%). They reported benefit from neuropsychological assessment reports prior to initiating adjuvant treatment (92%), at end of treatment (90%), and one year following initiation of cancer treatment (100%), though they perceived less benefit from assessments intended to inform provider interventions during treatment (81% and 66%). Reports were shared most often with schools (75%), behavioral therapists (50%), physicians (50%), and rehabilitation specialists (25%). Parents indicated that the interdisciplinary ANI program approach was helpful (94%) and the coordinated interdisciplinary goal was beneficial (92%). Most parents favored the weekly frequency of cognitive remediation sessions (83%). Much interest was voiced in establishing a formal mentoring program to offer peer support by parents whose children have previously experienced PFS to those acutely managing a new PFS diagnosis (95%). Of note, all participants indicated that they would be willing to serve in a peer mentor role (100%).Conclusions:The interdisciplinary ANI program approach is feasible with perceived benefits to families managing new PFS and medulloblastoma diagnoses and receiving active cancer treatment.