Frequent Communication Research Articles

Trust Development Between Speech-Language Pathologists and Laryngologists: A Thematic Analysis

ObjectivesSpeech language pathologists (SLPs) and laryngologists often work closely in interdisciplinary settings evaluating and treating patients with voice, swallowing, and airway disorders. This collaboration is integral to providing optimum patient care. We theorize that trust is an essential component of this relationship and contributes to effective patient care and professional satisfaction. There is currently no literature that explores the development and role of trust in this unique interprofessional relationship. We aim to explore the SLP and laryngologist interprofessional relationship and the development and role of trust in that relationship. Study DesignQualitative Realist Thematic Analysis MethodsThematic analysis of semi-structured qualitative interviews was performed to explore the relationship between SLPs and laryngologists. Through purposive sampling from November 2022 – January 2023, we recruited SLPs (n=10) and laryngologists (n=10) from 12 centers with varying years of practice, practice setting (academic or private), geographic location, and team structures. ResultsTrust between SLPs and laryngologists is comprised of confidence in 1) ability (clinical judgment, technical skill), 2) benevolence, and 3) integrity. Trust formation is enhanced by frequency and quality of communication, physical proximity, and reduction of practical barriers (scheduling, billing, departmental structure). Role negotiation was not identified as a factor. The presence of all three components of trust contributes to job satisfaction, perceptions of patient experience and care outcomes, and the willingness to collaborate in academic areas beyond clinical care. ConclusionsAll three elements (ability, benevolence, integrity) must be present for trust in an interprofessional relationship between SLPs and laryngologists, and formation of trust is facilitated by robust communication, physical proximity, and reduction of practical barriers to collaboration. The lack of these elements and lack of trust between the two professions can negatively impact collaboration, job satisfaction, and patient care outcomes, contributing to inefficiencies in patient care.

Informal Communication: A Path to Success for Internal Auditors

SUMMARY The newly issued 2024 Global Internal Audit Standards recognize the need for informal communication for the first time, highlighting the vital role of informal communication in facilitating effective information flow and building relationships between internal auditors and their stakeholders. Frequent informal communication can significantly enhance the benefits of formal reporting by helping internal auditors gain deeper knowledge of the organizational culture and dynamics, nurture mutual understanding of internal audit work, and take a comprehensive perspective on risk. Drawing upon data gathered through interviews, surveys, and audit committee charters, we find that informal communication between internal auditors and the audit committee plays a pivotal role in obtaining audit committee support and building strong relationships. However, there is a significant gap between current practice and the new guidance for informal communication. We discuss implications of the new standards and offer suggestions to improve informal communication.

Older parents’ perceptions of children's filial piety in rural China: The roles of coresidence, geographic proximity, and intergenerational support

Filial piety—the belief that children should provide care, support, respect, and obedience to their older parents—is a fundamental normative expectation in East Asian societies. This study investigates the relationship between the geographic proximity of children and the support received from them, and their parents’ perceptions of filial piety in rural China. We used the 2021 wave of the Longitudinal Study of Older Adults in Anhui Province to predict parental assessments of filial piety for each of their children. Random-effects linear probability models using an internal moderator approach were employed to compare coresident children with non-coresident children based on their proximity and support provided. Findings indicate that parents tend to perceive their coresident children as being more filial compared to non-coresident children, particularly when parents are in worse functional health. However, non-coresident children can compensate for their deficiency in being perceived as filial by providing more financial support and maintaining frequent telephone communication with their parents. The study's results suggest that filial piety norms in rural China have adapted to the diminished emphasis on intergenerational coresidence resulting from the trends of urbanization and significant rural–urban migration in modern China, requiring that children find alternative ways to fulfill their filial obligations.

Effectively Communicating Practice Changes to Frontline Nurses.

Communication of practice changes to frontline nurses across an organization can be difficult. Frequent daily communication to all nursing staff can be ineffective and lead to email fatigue and information overload. The purpose of this article is to further describe the communication intervention developed to disseminate practice changes and the critical modifications made over time to ensure its continued success and sustainability. In 2019, this team from a multisite institution developed a monthly email correspondence, called the Evidence-Based Practice Update, sent to local leaders to disseminate important policy and practice updates and reminders to more than 3400 nurses. This strategy was initially successful in reaching the nurses yet lacked a method to ensure accountability that each nurse has read the content. A quick response code was added to track monthly readership, and clinical nurse specialists were leveraged to ensure practice changes reached, reviewed, and understood by nurses across the institution. Metrics were tracked for quick response code scans and demonstrated an increase in readership over time. By combining various alerts into the single correspondence, fewer daily notifications to staff were sent. The EBP Update email dissemination structure involving local leaders was well received. This article describes how a standardized communication strategy coupled with thoughtful leadership engagement improved uptake of important practice information by nurses across a vast institution.

Contributing Factors to Central Line-associated Bloodstream Infections and Catheter-associated Urinary Tract Infections

Background: Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) are key healthcare-associated infection (HAI) quality metrics. In this qualitative analysis, we aimed to identify common issues contributing to CLABSIs and CAUTIs occurring during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In an academic healthcare network in Atlanta, GA, four hospitals perform real-time, apparent cause analyses (ACAs) for all CLABSIs and CAUTIs. Contributing factors are entered as free text into an electronic database. We analyzed data from 8/2020–8/2022. We first performed a qualitative open card sort of all reported contributing factors to CLABSI and created a novel framework based on mutually defined critical tasks (e.g., line insertion) and cross-cutting issues (e.g., communication breakdown). Contributing factors could describe ≥1 critical task and/or ≥1 cross-cutting issue. After establishing interrater reliability, a multidisciplinary group applied this framework to classify each contributing factor. For CAUTI, we used the same set of cross-cutting issues but identified new critical tasks via open card sorting. We then used the framework to classify each CAUTI contributing factor. We used descriptive statistics to identify frequent critical tasks and cross-cutting issues. Results: We reviewed 350 CLABSI ACAs with 602 contributing factors and 240 CAUTI ACAs with 405 contributing factors (Figure 1). Our classification framework comprised 11 cross-cutting issues and 9 critical tasks for CLABSI and 7 critical tasks for CAUTI (Figure 2). CLABSI: The critical tasks most often reported were bathing (19%), central line dressing maintenance (15%), and assessing central line indication (8%; Figure 3). Within these tasks, the most frequent issues described for bathing were the task not being performed (20%) and unclear documentation (18%); for dressing maintenance, the task was not performed (15%), not documented (15%), or poorly performed due to lack of competency (15%); and for assessing line indication, there was frequent communication breakdown (33%). CAUTI: The critical tasks most often reported were urinary catheter care (26%) and assessing the indication for urinary catheter (22%; Figure 4). Within these tasks, urinary catheter care was frequently not documented (38%) or not performed (16%); assessing urinary catheter necessity was often not documented (29%) or involved breakdown of communication (19%). Conclusion: We created a novel framework to evaluate common causes of HAIs in an academic healthcare network. This framework can be used to identify and track gaps over time and to develop quality improvement initiatives targeting key tasks and associated factors, such as communication difficulties when assessing device indications.Disclosure: Colleen Kraft: Consultant - REbiotix/Ferring; Scientific Advisory Board - Seres, LLC

Distributed Dynamic Event-Triggered Control for Voltage Recovery in Islanded Microgrids by Using Artificial Delays.

This article tackles secondary voltage recovery problem in islanded microgrids with the aim of reducing communication frequency among distributed generation (DG) units, while maintaining desired performance and saving communication network workload. To pursue this objective, a distributed proportional-integral-derivative controller is first introduced, whose sampled-data implementation is enabled by leveraging the finite-difference approximation for the derivative action, which leads to a distributed proportional-integral-retarded (PIR) controller with a small enough sampling period . Then, the resulting fully distributed PIR control law is combined with a dynamic event-triggered mechanism (DETM), which embeds Zeno-freeness property and avoids the requirement of continuous transmission in triggering process. Thus, the communication burden is significantly mitigated and the waste of communication resources is avoided. By exploiting Lyapunov-Krasovkii method, we derive exponential stability conditions expressed as linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), whose solution allows evaluating the maximum sampling period and DETM parameters preserving the stability of the microgrid. A thorough numerical analysis, carried out on the standard IEEE 14-bus test system, confirms the theoretical derivation.

Interpersonal communication approach in addressing TB stigma in Bandung City

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) patients face medical challenges and stigmatization from their surroundings. The Terjang Foundation is actively working to combat societal stigma towards TB patients. Purpose: This research analyzes the Terjang Foundation’s interpersonal communication approach to combating stigma towards TB patients. By understanding and assessing the communication methods employed by the foundation, the study aims to contribute to developing effective strategies for reducing the negative stigma associated with TB. Methods: This research utilizes a qualitative research method with a case study approach. In-depth interviews, field observations, and literature reviews are conducted to gather relevant data and insights. Results: The results of this study indicate that the Terjang Foundation employs five positive attitudes in their interpersonal communication approach to combat stigma towards TB patients: openness, empathy, positivity, equality, and supportiveness. These attitudes contribute to fostering an environment that challenges the negative stigma associated with TB. Continuous and frequent communication is crucial in combating stigma, promoting understanding and empathy, and disseminating accurate information. Empathy and equality emerge as prominent positive attitudes consistently demonstrated in communication. Conclusion: The study concludes that maintaining an ongoing and frequent communication process is essential for combating stigma in interpersonal communication efforts. Implications: The research findings have both practical and theoretical implications. Practically, the study emphasizes the importance of adopting positive attitudes, such as empathy and equality, in interpersonal communication strategies to reduce stigma towards TB patients. These insights can guide organizations, healthcare providers, and policymakers in developing effective communication campaigns and interventions to combat stigma related to TB and other diseases.

Dampak Permainan Game Online Terhadap Perilaku Komunikasi Anak Di Lingkungan Keluarga Pada Desa Pulau Tujuh, Kecamatan Pamenang Barat, Kabupaten Merangin

research aims to analyze the impact of playing online games on children's communication behavior in the family environment in Pulau Tujuh Village, West Pamenang District, Merangin Regency, Jambi Province. The theory used in this research is George Gerbner's Cultivation Theory which states that media, including online games, can shape individual perceptions and behavior in the long term. The research method used is a quantitative method with a survey approach. The population in this study were all children in Pulau Tujuh Village who actively played online games. Sampling was carried out using a stratified random sampling technique to ensure proportional representation of various age and gender groups. Data was collected through questionnaires distributed to 84 child respondents. The research results show that playing online games has a significant impact on children's communication behavior in the family environment. Children who often play online games tend to show more closed communication behavior, are less interactive with family members, and spend more time in front of the screen than interacting directly. In addition, it was found that the intensity of playing online games was closely related to a decrease in the frequency of verbal and non-verbal communication between children and parents.

Enforced Togetherness: Change and Continuity in Relationship Satisfaction among Parents during the COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper investigates how the sharp increase in time spent at home due to COVID-19-related restrictions shaped parents’ relationship satisfaction with their partners. Drawing on 78 in-depth interviews with heterosexual partnered parents with at least one child aged 18 or under, we find that this experience of what we call “enforced togetherness” had varied effects on couples’ relationships. More than half of the respondents (fifty-five percent) reported improved relationship satisfaction, while fifteen percent reported a decline, and the remaining thirty percent no change. Individuals with higher satisfaction took advantage of enforced togetherness and sought out more frequent and intense communication and leisure activities, underscoring the importance of spending time in strengthening relationships. On the other hand, those who were unable or unwilling to engage in these activities, due to lack of support for increased care needs and their continued uneven distribution across the couple, saw their relationships deteriorate. Finally, individuals experienced stability in their relationships when their prior routines and arrangements remained largely undisrupted by the pandemic. Our findings shed light on the significance of time as a valuable resource for couples’ relationships, while at the same time emphasizing the role of their agency in its utilization.

Sociodemographic Predictors of Sexual Communication and Sexual Communication as a Predictor of Sexual, Relationship, and Life Satisfaction in Denmark, Finland, France, Norway, Sweden, and the UK

Sexual communication is associated with higher levels of sexual and relationship satisfaction. However, research suggests that many struggle with sexual communication. Using a cross-country convenience sample of 7,139 respondents from six European countries (Denmark, Finland, France, Norway, Sweden, and the UK), we investigated sociodemographic predictors of different facets of sexual communication and their associations with sexual, relationship, and life satisfaction. Data was collected in May and June 2022 through respondent panels, by Cint, a market research software platform. Participants received an email invitation to the study and completed an online self-report survey. We found that a large proportion did report difficulties with sexual communication or a wish to improve such communication. We also found that sociodemographic factors predicted each facet (self-disclosure, frequency of communication, and quality of communication) of sexual communication as a set, but that the strongest predictors were sexual frequency and dissatisfaction with the low frequency of sex. Lastly, each facet of sexual communication was associated with higher levels of sexual, relationship, and life satisfaction. Across results, we generally found little cross-country variation.

Successfully initiating an escalation of care in acute ward settings-A qualitative observational study.

To address knowledge gaps by (i) developing a theoretical understanding of escalation and (ii) identifying escalation success factors. Non-participant observations were used to examine deteriorating patient escalation events. Escalation event data were collected by a researcher who shadowed clinical staff, between February 16th 2021 and March 17th 2022 from two National Health Service Trusts. Events were analysed using Framework Analysis. Escalation tasks were mapped using a Hierarchical Task Analysis diagram and data presented as percentages, frequency and 95% CI. A total of 38 observation sessions were conducted, totaling 105 h, during which 151 escalation events were captured. Half of these were not early warning score-initiated and resulted from bleeding, infection, or chest pain. Four communication phenotypes were observed in the escalation events. The most common was Outcome Focused Escalation, where the referrer expected specific outcomes like blood cultures or antibiotic prescriptions. Informative Escalations were often used when a triggering patient's condition was of low clinical concern and ranked as the second most frequent escalation communication type. General Concern Escalations occurred when the referrer did not have predetermined expectations. Spontaneous Interaction Escalations were the least frequently observed, occurring opportunistically in communal workspaces. Half of the events were non-triggering escalations and understanding these can inform the design of systems to support staff better to undertake them. Escalation is not homogenous and differing escalation communication phenotypes exist. Informative Escalations represent an organizational requirement to report triggering warning scores and a targeted reduction of these may be organizationally advantageous. Increasing the frequency of Spontaneous Escalations, through hospital designs, may also be beneficial. Our work highlights that a significant proportion of escalation workload occurs without a triggering early warning score and there is scope to better support these with designed systems. Further examination of reducing Informative and increasing Spontaneous Escalations is also warranted. Extensive PPIE was completed throughout the lifecycle of this study. PPIE members validated the research questions and overarching aims of the overall study. PPIE members contributed to the design of the study reviewed documents and the final data generated.

Double-layer optimal scheduling method for solar photovoltaic thermal system based on event-triggered MPC considering battery performance degradation

Solar photovoltaic thermal system (SPTS) can fully tap solar energy resources to realize thermal and electric supply for users simultaneously, but the volatility and uncertainty of renewable energy and load cause the imbalance of energy supply. This paper proposes a multi-time scale optimal scheduling method for SPTS based on event-triggered model predictive control (ET-MPC) considering battery performance deterioration. Firstly, SPTS is divided into day-ahead and day-in optimization layers from different time scales. Day-ahead scheduling takes the minimization economic cost as the optimization function to obtain pre-scheduling plan, and day-in scheduling adapts rolling optimization scheme based on model predictive control (MPC) to reduce power fluctuations and achieve optimal scheduling adjustment. Moreover, the battery performance decay parameter is introduced into the MPC model and embedded into the optimization problem to prolong the cyclic life deterioration, and an event-triggered mechanism is introduced into MPC to improve the computational efficiency and reduce the communication frequency. Finally, the results show that the proposed double-layer scheduling method improves 4.15 %, 66 % and 13.39 % respectively regarding cost, power fluctuation and battery maintenance, and improve the calculation efficiency of 48.89 % compared with standard MPC method, which indicates that the proposed method has good economy, stability and execution efficiency.

Nearing his 90th Anniversary. Not so Cheerful Memories. Yakov Gilinsky Answers Boris Doktorov’s Questions. Interview prepared by B.Z. Doktorov

Strictly speaking this is an anniversary interview with Yakov I. Gilinsky, a renowned Russian sociologist and criminologist who dedicated many years of his life to researching various forms of deviant behavior. But in reality this is me having a discussion with a colleague and a friend who is approaching an important milestone in his life – his 90th birthday. With this being far from our first discussion about his life experience and accomplishments, as ten years ago he spoke about himself in a book titled “Me in the World, the World in me”, and bearing in mind that there are multiple videos on YouTube where he was interviewed, I thought it would be appropriate to avoid going over every stage of Mr. Gilinsky’s life and instead suggested we talk about events that transpired within the previous 20 years, leaving the more distant past in the background. Thanks to this key component of the conversation readers can get some insight into the trials and tribulations that his ancestors went through, into his path towards becoming a scientist and his accomplishments in the field, as well as into the happy and most productive years of his life during the perestroika. Readers learn about Mr. Gilinsky’s frequent communication with the world’s most renowned criminologists, his participation in major scientific conferences, his business trips and travels with his wife – who was always by his side – when they visited many countries in Europe and located on other continents. But aside from that we discuss the dynamics of important global and national macro-political processes, negative tendencies in the development of social sciences in Russia, overwhelming hardship in his own personal life, all of which made our conversation not all that cheerful. That being said, overall Yakov Gilinsky made it in life, his achievements will be relevant for many years to come.

"They Mostly Preached Abstinence Which Didn't Work": Young Adults' Perception of Sex-Related Messages from Caregivers Prior to Initiation of Sex.

Parental communication about sex is an important aspect of sexual socialization. However, research has primarily focused on sexual communication's presence, frequency, or topics, with less research on the specific messages parents communicate. Further, few studies have differentiated between communication received before and after youth initiated sex. Therefore, in this paper, we coded open-ended survey responses to explore the sex-related messages young adults report receiving from their caregiver(s) before they began engaging in sex. As part of a larger study, 381 U.S. young adults (Mage = 21.0 years, SD = 2.0) completed an online survey and responded to an open-ended question about messages their caregiver(s) communicated before they began engaging in sex. Participants identified as cisgender women (62.2%), cisgender men (12.1%), and gender diverse (25.7%), and were primarily lesbian, gay, bisexual, queer, questioning, or otherwise non-heterosexual (LGBQ+; 70.6%) young adults. Through thematic analysis, we identified six themes for caregivers' sex-related messages: sex-restrictive, safety and consequences, no, negative, sex-positive, and informational messages. In addition, we found that messages varied by young adults' gender identity and sexual orientation. Our findings suggest that young adults may not receive proper education about healthy sexual relationships and demonstrate the need for interventions with caregivers, as well as sexual health resources for adolescents and young adults, particularly LGBTQ+ youth.

CycLight: Learning traffic signal cooperation with a cycle-level strategy

This study introduces CycLight, a novel cycle-level deep reinforcement learning (RL) approach for network-level adaptive traffic signal control (NATSC) systems. Traditional RL-based step-by-step traffic signal controllers, while precise and responsive, demand high computational resources for frequent data exchanges and can increase traffic accident risks due to disordered phase switching. Different from the step-by-step control strategy aforementioned, the proposed CycLight adopts a cycle-level strategy, optimizing cycle length and splits simultaneously using Parameterized Deep Q-Networks (PDQN) algorithm. This cycle-level approach effectively reduces the computational burden associated with frequent data communication, meanwhile enhancing the practicality and safety of real-world applications. Moreover, a decentralized framework is formulated for multi-agent cooperation, while attention mechanism is integrated to accurately assess the impact of the surroundings on the current intersection. CycLight is tested in a large synthetic traffic grid using the microscopic traffic simulation tool, Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO). Experimental results not only demonstrate the superiority of CycLight over other state-of-the-art approaches but also showcase its robustness against information transmission delays.

A four-port self-multiplexing tunable graphene based dielectric resonator antenna with defective ground structure for high isolation and MIMO capabilities

Objectives and designA novel self-multiplexing terahertz antenna with four tunable ports is proposed in this work. The configuration comprises four rectangular dielectric resonators (DRs) affixed to a substrate, which are excited through L-shaped microstrip-fed slots positioned beneath them. To guarantee efficient isolation among the tunable antenna components, periodic unit cells are introduced into the ground plane, forming a defective ground structure (DGS). Each L-shaped slot element is equipped with a graphene strip to regulate the tunability of each DR element. Results and applicationsThis antenna can operate in various modes with resonant frequencies at 4.01, 4.23, 4.37, and 4.57 THz. It holds potential for future terahertz wireless applications that require the utilization of adjacent channels with distinct communication frequencies. Furthermore, a four-port antenna design is implemented, offering tunable MIMO capabilities with self-quadruplexing ability. The MIMO parameters, specifically the envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) and diversity gain (DG), have been assessed and found to fall within acceptable limits across the operating frequency bands. Additionally, an equivalent circuit model (ECM) is analysed to shed light on the antenna's working principle and verify the obtained results.

Security control of direct current microgrids under deception attacks—A dynamic event‐triggered approach

AbstractThis paper studies the security control of direct current (DC) microgrids under deception attacks, and a dynamic event‐triggered mechanism (DETM) is proposed to save constrained network bandwidth. The DETM can reduce the frequency of data communications and exclude Zeno behavior inherently. Then, a time‐delay closed‐loop system model is built, which integrates parameters of the DC microgrid, the DETM, deception attacks, injection current controller, and network‐induced delays in one unified framework. Sufficient conditions are derived for globally exponentially ultimately bounded stability in mean square, which establish the relationship between system performance and the contributing factors such as the DETM, deception attacks, and network delays. Further, a co‐design method is presented to derive the parameters of the controller and the DETM in just one step. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method for security control of DC microgrids, achieving 21.5% savings of communication resources while effectively stabilizing the system even 10.7% of the transmitted data that are manipulated by the deception attacks.

Reachable set estimation for switched T-S fuzzy systems with a switching dynamic memory event-triggered mechanism

The paper investigates the dynamic memory event-triggered reachable set (DMETRS) estimation problem for a class of switched Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy systems (ST-SFSs). A switching fuzzy dynamic memory event-triggered (SFDMET) mechanism is developed with a memory element inserted, which provides a lower communication frequency. Under the SFDMET rule, the controllers and switching command are constructed to force the reachable set estimation of the ST-SFSs. The reachable set estimation region is relevant to the SFDMET rule. In the end, the effectiveness of the proposed DMETRS estimation approach is validated through a room air regulating system.

Chiral Kirigami for Bend-Tolerant Reconfigurable Hologram with Continuously Variable Chirality Measures.

Despite the commonality of static holograms, the holography with multiple information layers and reconfigurable grey-scale images at communication frequencies remain a confluence of scientific challenges. One well-known difficulty is the simultaneous modulation of phase and amplitude of electromagnetic wavefronts with a high modulation depth. A less appreciated challenge is scrambling of the information and images with hologram bending. Here, this work shows that chirality-guided pixelation of plasmonic kirigami sheets enables tunable multiplexed holography at terahertz (THz) frequencies. The convex and concave structures with slanted Au strips exhibit gradual variations in geometries facilitating modulation of light ellipticity reaching 40deg. Real-time switching of 3D images of the letter "M" and the Mona Lisa demonstrates the possibility of complex grey-scale information content and importance of continuously variable mirror asymmetry. Microscale chirality measures of each pixel experiences little change with bending while retaining controllable reconfigurability upon stretching, which translates to remarkable resilience of chiral holograms to bending. Simplicity of their design with local chirality measures opens the door to information technologies with fault-tolerant THz encryption, wearable holographic devices, and new communication technologies.

An efficient key tag missing identification protocol for multiple regions in the Industrial Internet of Things

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a special wireless network technology that uses radio frequency communication to achieve non-contact automatic identification through tags affixed to items. As one of the core technologies for physical layer communication in the Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT), RFID technology has been widely used in inventory management, supply chain management, access control identification, and many other areas. In practical application scenarios, the value and importance of some special tags far exceeds that of other tags. Therefore, in many cases, managers only need to pay attention to the status of these special tags, i.e., key tags, and not the status of all tags. However, the response of ordinary tags to reader commands will seriously interfere with identifying key missing tags. Therefore, we propose a novel protocol, Random Grouped Missing Key Tag Identification (RGKMTI), designed for multi-region key tag identification. RGKMTI employs a region-based sequential tag identification method to identify each group of tags individually, which effectively reduces collision slots and utilizes the duality property of slots containing only two key tags during the missing key tag verification phase, where the reader can verify two tags by transmitting at most a single tag ID, which significantly reduces the transmission load and shortens the total execution time. The experimental results show that the RGKMTI is significantly better than the existing schemes in terms of execution time and time efficiency, even though it reduces the identification time by 19.83% and improves the time efficiency by 6.82% compared with the best existing schemes.