Frequency Of Dogs Research Articles

Frequency of dogs with anti Leishmania Chagasi antibodies by immunochromatographic assay (DPP) in the city of Sinop, Mato Grosso, Brazil

Dogs are considered the main reservoir for visceral leishmaniasis infection in humans, a serious disease that is a relevant public health problem due to its wide geographical distribution. To date, there haven’t been notification of Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis (CVL) in official health agencies of Sinop city, state of Mato Grosso. CVL diagnosis is difficult due to the variety of symptoms of the disease. In addition, animals may remain asymptomatic for life. In this study, the frequency of anti Leishmania chagasi antibodies was observed in 201 dogs referred to the clinical routine of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Mato Grosso, Campus of Sinop, during a 67 days period, through immunochromatographic method (DPP). Obtained results showed that seven animals were positive while one hundred ninety four were negative to the test. This result is relevant as far as it may increase the risk of CVL dispersion to non-endemic areas, highlighting the need of implementation effective measures to quickly detect Leishmania chagasi and prevent epidemiological situations.

Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of imepitoin in dogs with newly diagnosed epilepsy in a randomized controlled clinical study with long-term follow up.

BackgroundImepitoin is a novel antiepileptic drug for the treatment of canine idiopathic epilepsy. The present study was conducted to demonstrate superior antiepileptic activity of a high dose of 30 mg/kg BID over a low dose of 1 mg/kg BID of imepitoin during 12 weeks of treatment under double blind conditions in a field population of dogs with previously untreated epilepsy. In a consecutive 12 weeks open label follow up (phase 2), all animals received 30 mg/kg BID, to evaluate the persistence of the antiepileptic activity, and to evaluate the effect of a dose step up to 30 mg/kg in the former low-dose animals.ResultsA treatment with 30 mg/kg BID resulted in a significantly greater reduction in monthly seizure frequency relative to baseline data as compared to the 1 mg/kg dose. Both generalized and partial seizures but not cluster seizures were significantly less frequent in the high dose group. The antiepileptic activity was maintained during study phase 2 in the high dose group. An increase to 30 mg/kg BID in the low- dose animals resulted in a significant reduction in generalized and partial seizures, but not cluster seizures. At the end of study phase 2, 32.1 and 46.8 % of dogs of the former high and former low-dose groups respectively, remained free of generalized tonic-clonic seizures.Imepitoin was well tolerated. The frequency of dogs with any adverse drug reactions was higher in the 30 mg/kg BID dose (59 % vs. 41 %, p = 0.041), and the main target organ was the central nervous system (CNS). The occurrence of CNS related adverse reactions was transient and findings were mostly restricted to the first weeks of treatment. No hepatic enzyme increase and no other organ toxicity were observed.ConclusionThe administration of imepitoin twice daily at a dose of 30 mg/kg results in significant and persistent antiepileptic effects in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy and generalized tonic-clonic seizures, as observed over a study period of up to 6 months. Imepitoin was well tolerated. Most CNS related adverse drug reactions were transient. Both the antiepileptic activity and the safety profile make the drug suitable for long-term clinical use.

Serosurvey for tick-borne diseases in dogs from the Eastern Amazon, Brazil

Canine ehrlichiosis and babesiosis are the most prevalent tick-borne diseases in Brazilian dogs. Few studies have focused attention in surveying tick-borne diseases in the Brazilian Amazon region. A total of 129 blood samples were collected from dogs living in the Brazilian eastern Amazon. Seventy-two samples from dogs from rural areas of 19 municipalities and 57 samples from urban stray dogs from Santarém municipality were collected. Serum samples were submitted to Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) with antigens of Babesia canis vogeli, Ehrlichia canis, and six Rickettsia species. The frequency of dogs containing anti-B. canis vogeli, anti-E. canis, and anti-Rickettsia spp. antibodies was 42.6%, 16.2%, and 31.7%, respectively. Anti-B. canis vogeli antibodies were detected in 59.6% of the urban dogs, and in 29.1% of the rural dogs (P < 0.05). For E. canis, seroprevalence was similar among urban (15.7%) and rural (16.6%) dogs. For Rickettsia spp., rural dogs presented significantly higher (P < 0.05) prevalence (40.3%) than urban animals (21.1%). This first study on tick-borne pathogens in dogs from the Brazilian eastern Amazon indicates that dogs are exposed to several agents, such as Babesia organisms, mostly in the urban area; Spotted Fever group Rickettsia organisms, mostly in the rural area; and Ehrlichia organisms, in dogs from both areas studied.

HELMINTIASIS GASTROINTESTINAL EN PERROS PASTORES DE COMUNIDADES GANADERAS DE PUNO, PERÚ.

The frequency of gastrointestinal helminths in sheepdogs of Ajoyani and Macusani districts in the province of Carabaya, and in the districts of Ocuvíri, Palca, Lampa, and Santa Lucía in the province of Lampa, Puno, Peru was determined. Stool samples were collected from 352 crossbreed dogs, mostly adults and apparently healthy, during January to March 2008. The coproparasitological evaluation was done by the methods of flotation with sugar solution or Sheather’s, and by the spontaneous sedimentation technique. Samples were preserved in both 10% formaldehyde and 2.5% bichromate. The resulted showed 20.5 ± 4.2% of dogs were infected with gastrointestinal helminthes. The frequency of dogs with eggs of Taenia was 14.5 ± 3.7%, Trichuris vulpis was 2.6 ± 1.7%, Capillaria sp was 0.9 ± 1%, while for Toxocara canis, Toxascaris leonina, and Ancylostoma sp was 1.4 ± 1.2% each. Besides, the frecuency of Sarcocystis sp was 9.1 ± 3%, Entamoeba coli was 16.5 ± 3.9%, and Isospora sp was 11.9 ± 3.4%. Age, sex, and agro-climatic zone were not considered risk factors for gastrointestinal parasitism. Monoparasitism occurred in 90.9% of dogs with parasite infections. Analysis of samples preserved with 10% formaldehyde or 2.5% bichromate showed similar results and therefore both substances were considered moderately consistent and mutually replaceable according to the Kappa and Mc Nemar tests.

Prevalence of dogs with intestinal parasites in Tochigi, Japan in 1979, 1991 and 2002

A total of 772 canine fecal specimens were collected in Tochigi in 1979, 1991 and 2001. The frequency of dogs that were kept indoor in 2002 (72.8%) was significantly higher than that for 1979 (21.2%, P < 0.001) and 1991 (40.6%, P < 0.01). The frequency of parasitized dogs in 2002 (18.8%) was significantly lower than that for 1979 (41.9%, P < 0.01). The findings of this study confirm the declining trend in Japan in the prevalence of helminth parasites in dogs, particularly Ancylostoma caninum and Trichuris vulpis. The reduction in the frequency of dogs with helminths may be mainly a result of the improvement in the environment and the routine use of filaricides.

Dingoes in Queensland, Australia: skull dimensions and the indenity of wild canids

More than 100 canid skulls lodged in the Queensland Museum were measured and analysed to determine the frequency of dingoes, Canis lupus dingo, in some wild populations of canids in Queensland. The highest frequency of dingoes (95%) was found in a sample from Augathella, central Queensland, and the highest frequency of dogs and hybrids (50%) was found in south-eastern Queensland. Fraser Island had a relatively low frequency of hybrids (17%), which were largely confined to the southern half of the island. Skull measurements from Augathella were generally significantly larger than those from central Australia, but there were few significant differences in size within Queensland.

Effects of Early Adult X-Irradiation upon Emotional Display in the Aged Female Beagle: A Negative Finding

250 adult female beagles were tested for emotional display late in adult life after having been exposed or sham exposed to X-irradiation at 10 to 12 mo. of age. The control dogs were interspersed in pens among experimentals. Emotional display was stimulated by the presentation of a person relatively strange to the kennel area. The dogs' responses were classified as “friendly,” “wary,” “aggressive” or “staying.” No significant differences were obtained in the comparison of experimental and control groups in regard to frequency of dogs falling within each of the behavioral categories.