Frequency Of Errors Research Articles

Research on on-site measurement error of tuning frequency of AC filters in HVDC converter station

Research on on-site measurement error of tuning frequency of AC filters in HVDC converter station

Investigation on control of middle and high-spatial frequency errors of fused silica optics melt polished by CO2 lasers

Investigation on control of middle and high-spatial frequency errors of fused silica optics melt polished by CO2 lasers

Comparison of Inference Comprehension and Error Types in Preschool Children with and without Specific Language Impairment through Eye-Tracking

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to examine inference comprehension and the types of inference errors in preschool children with specific language impairment (SLI) and typically developing (TD) children using eye-tracking technology. Methods: A total of 22 children (12 TD, 10 SLI), aged 4 to 6 years, participated. Eye-tracking data were collected while they viewed a story, followed by completion of an inferential comprehension task. One-way ANOVA compared task performance and fixation variables, with correlation analysis examining the relationships between them. Inference error responses were categorized into 5 types, and the frequency of errors for each type was compared between groups. Results: Between groups, significant differences were found in performance on inferential comprehension tasks and the frequency of comprehension failures in inference error types. Average fixation time during storytelling situations, fixation count during inference situations, and fixation time also showed significant differences. A negative correlation was observed between inferential comprehension ability and fixation count, as well as between inferential comprehension ability and fixation time. Conclusion: The process of inference involves complex cognitive processing, requiring examination of error responses for successful inference and a step-by-step approach. Higher attention levels are necessary for information processing, and depending on the situation, visual or auditory cues can aid in information integration.

Sentiment Analysis of National Health Security Mobile Application Review Using Machine Learning

It is widely acknowledged that digital transformation provides the opportunity for business process improvements. We can see many businesses, specifically in Indonesia's private and public sectors, leveraging technology to provide better service to their stakeholders. This research seeks insight into stakeholders’ engagement in digital transformation in the Indonesian healthcare system, namely the National Health Security Mobile application (Mobile JKN). This study employs a quantitative method to analyze user sentiment from Google Play reviews. Firstly, user reviews are extracted, preprocessing steps are applied, and machine learning-based sentiment labeling is employed afterward to categorize them into positive, neutral, and negative sentiments. The machine labeling process is carried out in document-level analysis, meaning user reviews represent their overall sentiment. Subsequently, we study the most prominent words using Word Cloud to determine the topics mainly discussed in positive and negative sentiments. The result is that 56.10% of reviews from 7 June 2016 to 14 July 2024 contain positive sentiments, while 43.17% contain negative sentiments. Neutral reviews contribute the most minor proportion, making up only 0.73%. The most prominent words in positive sentiment reviews, such as easy, sound, and helpful, suggest the user perception of the National Health Security Mobile as being easy to use and successfully accommodating the user's needs. In contrast, the words application, update, complex, login, code, verification, register, open, use, and error dominate the negative reviews, indicating users had difficulties logging in and registering user accounts, mainly related to frequent updates and Time Password errors.

Medical Errors in Dentistry, Improving by Knowing and Accepting the Reality

Background: A medication error is defined as “any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm while the medication is in the control of the healthcare professional, patient, or consumer.” In dental practice, medical errors can occur during various stages of the medication process, including prescription, storage, preparation, treatment, and use. Aim: This study aims to investigate the occurrence rate of medical errors in dental practice and identify factors contributing to their preventability. Study Design: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study. Method: Data were collected from the dental records of patients treated at the University Dental Clinics of Tirana, Albania, between January and June 2023. Results: Of the records analyzed, 390 (90%) contained at least one medical error. The frequency of errors ranged from 1.0 to 2.5 errors per record. The most common types of errors were "Transcription of prescriptions" (88%), "Prescription errors" (78%), and "Administration errors" (68%). Antibiotics were specifically examined due to concerns about adverse reactions and antibiotic resistance. The Pearson correlation coefficient for antibiotics was significantly greater than 0 but less than 1. Conclusion: Medical errors are prevalent in dental drug prescriptions. Understanding the types of medical errors and their contributing factors is crucial for optimizing therapy and ensuring patient safety. This study highlights, for the first time in the Albanian dental community, the need to document and address medical errors.

Improvement of the management system of the pharmaceutical service of the health care institution

When providing medical care, harm to patients' health associated with the use of drugs occurs in 10-40% of cases. The issue of ensuring safety in the field of health care is a global problem. The relevance of the problem of improving the quality of pharmaceutical care and estimating the costs of medical care requires research. The purpose of the work is the formation of principles for improving pharmaceutical management in a health care institution by monitoring and analyzing prescription errors at all stages of drug use. The study was conducted on the basis of LLC "Endotechnomed", surgical clinic "Garvis" in the period 01.09.2019-29.02.2024 and was approved by the commission on biomedical ethics. The bibliographic method and retrospective analysis were used. In the study, the level of errors in appointment lists was calculated, their dynamics and relationship with the costs of medical care for the corresponding period were analyzed. The method of increasing the interval was used, and statistical significance was checked using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. The non-parametric method of Spearman's rank correlation is used to determine the characteristics of the relationship between the level of errors in appointment lists and the amount of drug costs for one patient. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics using the integrated Jupyter Notebook development environment. A value of p<0.05 was considered statistically significant when testing all statistical hypotheses. The level of errors over 4.5 years significantly (p<0.002) decreased by 78.44% compared to the initial value (from 139.62‰ to 30.10‰), which was at the global level (10%). These indicators confirm the results of research by Chinese scientists, who prove that properly organized work in an inpatient medical institution can reduce the frequency of errors when prescribing drugs from 6.94% to 1.96%. A statistically significant negative rank correlation of average strength was observed between the amount of expenses for medical care of one patient and the level of errors in prescribing medicines for the considered period (r= -0.49; 95% CI (-0.67)–(-0.26); p<0.001), which contradicts the generally accepted notion and, according to the authors, is related to the uniqueness of the situation during the considered period (first the pandemic, then the war). Therefore, it can be concluded that the introduction of new approaches to control the prescription of medicines led to a significant (p<0.002) reduction in the level of errors in appointment lists over 4.5 years by 78.44% compared to the initial value; the higher level of errors in appointment lists corresponds to lower costs for medical care, which is a consequence of the unstable situation on the drug market during the pandemic and the war in Ukraine; the improvement of pharmaceutical service management processes was directed to the following areas of work: planning, control, implementation and functioning of the information system, personnel management, performance evaluation, involvement of interested parties for the formation and implementation of decisions.

Nuclear error phenotypes in the two-cell embryo are correlated to blastocyst formation rate after assisted reproduction.

Map the nuclear error phenotypes in the two-cell embryo after assisted reproduction using time lapse images and the effect on good quality blastocyst formation. Retrospective cohort study using time lapse images, categorizing 2331 two-cell embryos from 392 patient couples and 504 ART cycles categorizing each embryo as mononucleated, multinucleated, micronucleated, binucleated, split nucleation or mixed error. Correlating nuclear error phenotype with good quality blastocyst formation rate (BFR) using contingency tables and unadjusted odds ratio. An overall nuclear error rate of 47.1% was observed in two-cell embryos. The most frequent error was multi-nucleation (14.2%) followed by mixed error (11%), micro-nucleation (8.6%), bi-nucleation (7.4%) and split nucleation (5.8%). Blastocyst formation rate (BFR) was reduced in embryos with nuclear errors, 46.2% for embryos with one cell affected, 27.6% for embryos with both cells affected, compared to 58.6% for mononucleated cells, p < 0.001 for both. Binucleated embryos were as likely as mononucleated embryos to become clinically useful blastocysts (56.8% vs 58.6%, n.s., unadjusted OR 0.94), whereas all the other phenotypes were less likely to develop into good quality blastocysts. The worst outcome was noted for embryos with split nucleation, with just 12.4% BFR, OR 0.12 (0-08-0.21), p < 0.001. Nuclear errors are common at the two-cell stage. Overall, presence of nuclear errors reduces the likelihood of becoming good quality blastocysts. Both the number of affected cells and the different nuclear error phenotypes have impact on blastocyst formation rate, except binucleated embryos.

From one-half to 12th: Fraction writing in children and adult education students

Learning fractions is essential for academic and daily life success. A critical first step in acquiring fractions is learning to transcode them (e.g., writing ½ when hearing “one half”). However, little is known about how students master fraction transcoding. We addressed this gap by assessing fraction writing in two groups of Brazilian students with limited education: adults in the first year of an adult education program (AEP-1) and 2nd graders. Both groups made frequent transcoding errors. Errors were classified into three categories, Syntactic: correct numerator/denominator values with an incorrect notation (12th for “one half”); Lexical: incorrect numerals with the correct notation (⅓ for “one half”); Combined: incorrect numerals and notation (15th for “one-half”). AEP-1 students’ performance was strongly bimodal: those with weak fraction writing skills made predominantly syntactic errors, whereas those with strong fraction writing skills made mostly lexical errors. Second graders did not transcode any fractions correctly making exclusively syntactic or combined errors. Approximately half the AEP-1 students with the lowest levels of schooling (&lt; 3 years) succeeded in writing fractions, suggesting an important role of informal experiences for this group.

The Effect of Temperature Variation on the Performance Parameters of Miniature Atomic Clocks with Similar Frequency Stability Specification

The primary source of error that causes an increase in inaccuracy in determining the location of individual users in a communication network is the lack of synchronization of their time bases. Time synchronisation of the aeronautical communication network should be ensured to the greatest extent possible. Increasing the level of synchronisation would be possible by using a selected type of atomic clocks, which would be placed in the on-board equipment of UAV assets. The paper describes the possibilities of implementing available types of atomic clocks in the instrumentation of different categories of UAV assets. This paper compares the performance of miniature CSAC cesium atomic clocks with a high-performance OCXO quartz oscillator with similar frequency stability specifications and the effect of temperature on their performance parameters. The next section analyses how time, temperature, and initial frequency errors can affect the resulting frequency stability error of each oscillator.

Creating a diagnostic test to assess conceptual understanding of fraction operations

Background: Fraction operations are fundamental in mathematics education, yet many students face challenges in mastering these concepts. Effective assessment tools are crucial for identifying areas of difficulty and guiding instructional improvements.Aim: This study aims to develop a diagnostic test to accurately measure the conceptual understanding of fraction operations among students in the Elementary School Teacher Education Program (PGSD) at STKIP Melawi.Method: Utilizing a research and development approach with mixed methods, this study follows Ebel's Model of Test Development. The process includes item selection, validation, and reliability testing, involving both qualitative and quantitative analyses.Results: The developed diagnostic test demonstrated strong validity and reliability metrics. Analysis revealed that students commonly struggle with both the conceptual and procedural aspects of fraction operations. Frequent errors were noted in the interpretation and execution of solution steps. No student achieved the highest possible score, indicating significant gaps in understanding. The N-Gain analysis showed an average score of 0.5610, suggesting medium to high effectiveness in identifying learning challenges, with individual scores ranging from 0.32 to 0.93.Conclusion: The diagnostic test developed in this study provides a robust tool for assessing the conceptual understanding of fraction operations. It highlights specific areas where students encounter difficulties, offering valuable insights for targeted instructional strategies. Integrating this diagnostic test into the curriculum can enhance the ability to diagnose and address learning obstacles, ultimately improving mathematics education outcomes.

An Error Analysis of EFL Students’ Use of Simple Past Tense in Writing Narrative Text

This study investigated the errors in the use of the simple past tense in narrative texts written by tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri Taekas. Employing a descriptive quantitative approach, this research focused on identifying and analyzing errors using the surface strategy taxonomy. A total of 113 errors were identified and categorized into omission, addition, misformation, and misordering. The findings revealed that misformation were the most frequent errors (50%), followed by omission errors (32%). These results highlight the need for more targeted instruction in verb forms and tense usage, suggesting that more practice and explicit teaching of grammatical rules could significantly improve students’ writing accuracy.

TurkishLex:Development of a Context-Aware Spell Checker for Detecting and Correcting Spelling Errors in Turkish Texts

In Turkish, correct spelling correction is crucial for effective communication and preserving the integrity of written text. The challenge lies in the complexity of Turkish morphology and spelling, which can lead to frequent and diverse spelling errors. This study presents a spelling checker adapted for Turkish by creating a new Turkish dataset. The proposed spelling checker model effectively captures both minor and major textual changes and can detect the error. Our findings show that the proposed spelling checker system provides high accuracy and reliability with 98.21% accuracy performance with the Symspell module in correcting Turkish texts. This study provides valuable information about the strengths and weaknesses of existing spelling checkers and contributes to the improvement of spelling correction tools for Turkish.

Robust multistate quantum control with minimal additional coupling

Abstract The multistate stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is an efficient technique to achieve a selective and accurate population transfer in a chainwise-linked system. However, their efficiency is imperfect due to the nonadiabatic losses from the long runtime of the adiabatic evolution. Here, we focus on realizing a perfect and robust coherent control of the quantum states with optimal shortcut to adiabaticity in a realistic five-state hybrid quantum system. In particular, the optimal shortcut field requires minimal additional coupling (only one coupling strength) to accelerate the adiabatic evolution in this five-state system. Compared to the original STIRAP, the optimal shortcut shows the ultra-high fidelity of quantum state manipulations even though the control parameters of the Hamiltonians are changed in different ways. Furthermore, we study the efficiency of the optimal shortcut field technique in the presence of various experimental errors, such as systematic error, Rabi frequency error, and coupling strength error, and it features a broad range of high efficiencies above 99.9%, showing its robustness against the above errors. The results might shed insight on the further applications of shortcuts to adiabaticity on robust quantum information processing in multi-level quantum systems.

Analysis of grammatical errors in English speaking of Thai EFL Students

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the instances of grammar mistakes in the spoken English of Thai EFL university students. The research objectives were to compare the errors committed in lexical and sentence structure and their frequencies. The participants comprised 43 first-year English for Business Communication students learning General Listening and Speaking courses at the Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University. The data was gathered through recorded impromptu speeches on randomly assigned topics. The recordings were transcribed and then the data was analyzed using the Surface Strategy Taxonomy. The findings showed that there were 158 grammatical mistakes in total, and they are based on four main categories. Misformation errors were most prevalent, accounting for 69.62% of all errors, with subject-verb agreement (25.32%) and verb form (17.72%) errors being particularly common. Additional errors constituted 15.82%, omission errors 13.29%, and misordering errors 1.27% of the total. The most frequent subcategories were subject-verb agreement errors (25.32%), verb form misformation (17.72%), and tense misformation (12.66%). These results indicate that Thai EFL learners have considerable difficulties in utilizing appropriate grammatical structures in spoken English, and particularly verbs and agreements. The high frequency of misformation errors points to the fact that more focused instruction on problematic structures need to be addressed in lessons in contexts that convey meaningful communication. As such, it provides findings that could help plan specific instructional strategies and curriculum design for enhancing Thai students' spoken English proficiency.

Effectiveness of an educational intervention on different types of errors -occurring during inhaler therapy use in COPD patients during a -Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program.

Inhaled drug therapy is an essential treatment in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) patients as it reduces symptoms, exacerbation rate and mortality risk. Errors in inhaler use can affect drug delivery to the lungs and minimize treatment benefits. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a nurse-lead educational intervention on inhaler use in a group of patients with COPD during a Respiratory Rehabilitation Program. COPD patients attending a Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit for a pulmonary rehabilitation program participated in the educational training program. The nurse-lead educational intervention included a specific checklist used to evaluate each patient's inhalation technique. Errors were scored and classified as device- dependent, device-independent and critical one. Patients completed a pre and post-intervention survey to compare pre and post nurse-lead educational intervention results. One-hundred twenty-three COPD patients attending a Respiratory Rehabilitation Unit participated in the training program. A high frequency of total errors has been found at baseline (72.1%) whose critical errors represented 35%, irrespective of the severity of airway obstruction, the length of disease history and the educational level. The structured educational intervention resulted in changes on patients' attitudes and skills on inhaler use with a significant reduction in the frequency of all types of errors (P-value < 0.01), particularly total and critical errors (35% and 12.9%, respectively), but not completely eliminated them. Patient training in the use of the inhaler and regular review of the patient's competence in using the devices by health care professionals remains a crucial aspect of effective inhalation therapy regardless of the disease trajectory. These interventions are feasible and may impact the ability to engage patients in the chronic care journey.

From terminological inconsistencies to major mistranslations

This article presents a qualitative analysis of frequent NMT errors in public health communication. Its primary aim is to sensitise users and decision-makers to common issues and raise public awareness for potential pitfalls and limits of current state-of-the-art NMT systems. In this context, the article also addresses the usability of raw NMT output in emergency situations. The investigation itself focuses on pandemic-related WHO texts and consists of a fine-grained manual error analysis encompassing three languages (English, French, and Spanish) and two NMT systems (DeepL and Google Translate). The five most frequent error types observed in this investigation included mistranslations, inconsistent use of terminology, unidiomatic or awkward style, untranslated text, and other internal inconsistencies. These error types are illustrated with examples and analysed in terms of their severity, their underlying causes, and their potential consequences. The findings show that raw NMT output is useful only to a very limited extent and that the risks and benefits associated with its use should be assessed extremely carefully.

Probabilistic qualitative spatial reasoning with applications to GeoQA

This paper explores the use of probabilistic and conventional qualitative spatial reasoning (QSR) in the context of geospatial question answering (GeoQA) systems. The paper presents a thorough empirical investigation of the performance of a probabilistic and a conventional qualitative spatial reasoner, across a range increasingly sophisticated scenarios with real data and synthetically generated questions. The results indicate the potential of probabilistic QSR to provide more detailed information about spatial configurations than conventional QSR; but at the cost of less frequent errors in estimating the relative likelihood of different reasoning conclusions. Errors in probabilistic reasoning also tend to be systematically associated with lower probability conclusions. The results have implications for reliable and flexible automated spatial reasoning systems, especially where neither conventional geographic information retrieval (GIR) techniques nor large language models (LLMs) are able to provide a satisfactory solution to GeoQA problems.

High‐Q LNA With a VCO for Small Calibration Frequency Errors

ABSTRACTA high‐quality (Q) low‐noise amplifier (LNA) combined with a voltage‐controlled oscillator (VCO) is presented for small frequency errors in self‐calibration. The proposed new double capacitive‐cross‐coupled structure controls negative impedance and thus, changes the working mode between the LNA and VCO with a small variation of parasitic capacitance, which results in a small calibration frequency error. High‐Q and low‐noise performances were theoretically analyzed and confirmed by simulation and measurement. The measured LNA operated from 2.2 to 2.44 GHz with a Q‐factor of 34 while the frequency offset was less than 0.9%. A power gain of 27 dB, noise figure of 2.1 dB, and input third‐order intercept point (IIP3) of −17 dBm were obtained while the power dissipations of the LNA and VCO modes were 10.2 and 4.7 mW from a 1.5‐V supply, respectively.

Analysis of Preanalytical Errors in Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Introduction: Pre-analytical phase of laboratory testing is the most susceptible phase, as errors in this phase leads to more than 50% of erroneous results and often breaches the trust of the stakeholders on the quality of the laboratory results. Many pre-analytical errors occur during the pre-analytical phase, encompassing sample collection, labelling and transportationfactors often beyond the laboratory’s direct control. Aim: To determine the type and frequency of pre-analytical errors leading to sample rejection in clinical biochemistry laboratory. Materials and Methods: Being a retrospective descriptive study, convenient sampling was used to analyse sample rejection due to pre-analytical errors in clinical biochemistry laboratory of a tertiary care teaching hospital- PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India for a period of six months from May 2023 to October 2023. All the cases/blood samples from Outpatient Department (OPD) and Inpatient Department (IPD), received and rejected during this period were included under study. The data collection and analysis was done over a period of five months using the sample rejection and resample description from Laboratory Information System (LIS). Using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0, data were summarised using descriptive statistics such as numbers and percentages. Results: During the six months period out of the total of 667454 samples, 1505 (0.23%) samples were rejected due to pre-analytical errors. The majority of the samples which were rejected were from IPD than OPD. Among the pre-analytical errors, haemolysis accounted for 806 (53.6%), clotted samples 256 (17%), delta check 217 (14.4%), insufficient sample 129 (8.6%), contamination 74 (4.9%), identification error 14 (0.9%), sample without request form 3 (0.2%) while missing samples, billing error, inappropriate tube, delay in transport and wrong test selection accounted for &lt;3 (0.1%). Conclusion: Haemolysis and clotted samples were the most common pre-analytical causes for sample rejection in the laboratory. The samples from IPD were rejected more often than OPD due to incorrect phlebotomy techniques. This accentuates the need for proper hands-on phlebotomy training sessions for novice nurses following their recruitment, as their competency will be instrumental in bringing down the errors in pre-analytical phase.

SA83 Frequency and Type of Errors in Data Extraction Within Systematic Literature Reviews

SA83 Frequency and Type of Errors in Data Extraction Within Systematic Literature Reviews