French Media Research Articles

Narratives of the Fake News Debate in France

The objective of this article is to identify the topical repertoires, the underlying schemas that structure the fake news debate. Attention is focused on the mainstream French press, from the election of Donald Trump to the presidency of the United States on November 8, 2016, until his inauguration on January 20, 2017. The narratives elaborated in and by the French media regarding the dysfunctions of the contemporary information landscape indicate a utopian vision of the role of journalists and reproduce the linear information model. The impact of this doxa is threefold. First, it forwards a certain vision of journalism, based on fact-checking, naively considered to be the solution to the post-truth problem. Journalists are the main victims and at the same time the main perpetrators of this perception. Second, on an epistemological level, it brings back into the agenda the long-ago abandoned concept of masses. Finally, from a political standpoint, the rhetoric on media's superpower is far from promoting the democratic enhancement of societies. By blaming the dysfunctions of social media for the flaws of the information environment, public actors tend to forget to take thorough interest in the reasons that lead people to fall prey to fake news. For more informations about the copyright protection, see : https://iafor.org/iafor-publications-and-license-agreement/

УПОТРЕБЛЕНИЕ АНГЛИЦИЗМОВ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ФРАНЦУЗСКИХ СМИ

The article is devoted to the active dissemination of Anglicisms in the modern French language, in particular, in the media. Despite the measures taken by the French government to regulate the use of loan words, the French media use widely English loan words instead of the existing French equivalents. The authors present the analysis of English loan words classifications in the French language and attempt to analyze the cases of their use as well.

Detection and Analysis of Drug Misuses. A Study Based on Social Media Messages.

Drug misuse may happen when patients do not follow the prescriptions and do actions which lead to potentially harmful situations, such as intakes of incorrect dosage (overuse or underuse) or drug use for indications different from those prescribed. Although such situations are dangerous, patients usually do not report the misuse of drugs to their physicians. Hence, other sources of information are necessary for studying these issues. We assume that online health fora can provide such information and propose to exploit them. The general purpose of our work is the automatic detection and classification of drug misuses by analysing user-generated data in French social media. To this end, we propose a multi-step method, the main steps of which are: (1) indexing of messages with extended vocabulary adapted to social media writing; (2) creation of typology of drug misuses; and (3) automatic classification of messages according to whether they contain drug misuses or not. We present the results obtained at different steps and discuss them. The proposed method permit to detect the misuses with up to 0.773 F-measure.

Platforms, Arenas and Players: The Media in the 2017 French Presidential Election

This article examines selected different roles that the French media performed in the 2017 presidential campaign. Three in particular are highlighted: the media as platforms, as arenas and as players. Each component of this conceptual triad represents a distinctive status in terms of the degree of control exercised by candidates and media in terms of agenda construction and issue framing: candidate-centred communication (platform), mutual interdependence (arena) and relative media autonomy (player). In the concluding section the article evaluates the impact of the media on voters.

L’euphémisme face à la construction de l’identité sociale. Le cas du discours médiatique

L’article présente quelques éléments de réflexion susceptibles de contribuer au développement d’une étude sur la portée sociale de l’euphémisation à l’exemple du discours médiatique. L’analyse porte sur quelques emplois euphémiques présents dans la presse française et polonaise (presse magazine et presse d’information générale) et doit répondre aux questions suivantes : les dénomina­tions euphémiques auxquelles les agents médiatiques ont recours provoquent-elles l’instauration de nouvelles attitudes sociales, le changement des stéréotypes ou l’évolution dans les schèmes perceptifs ? Finalement, sont-elles importantes dans la création de l’identité sociale ? Le problème sera discuté d’abord dans le contexte de la doxa propre aux comportements des consommateurs (à l’exemple de la presse féminine) et ensuite, de celle qui est due à la citoyenneté contemporaine (à l’exemple de la presse d’information générale). Dans le second cas, il s’agit de l’emploi des dénominations désignant le statut matrimonial des personnes non mariées. On s’inspire de l’étude faite par Bonhomme et Horak (2009), selon laquelle l’euphémisation s’opère sur le contenu doxal propre à une société.

Insights for public education provided by French media on ideas about prostate cancer - A media analysis study.

Background: This study explored the French media’s presentation of ideas and medical information about prostate cancer (PC) that may influence men’s understanding, attitudes and behavior. Methods: A qualitative media content analysis centered on PC information delivered by French professional media. The selected data were produced in the aftermath of the High Health Authority's decision in 2008 not to recommend systematic screening by prostate specific antigen(PSA) for men over 50. Source was the Media Archives of the French National Library. Content was analyzed from 15 television programs, 14 radio programs, and 55 articles from 35 popular French newspapers (online and printed, weekly and monthly) and 20 magazines. Audio content was narrated into textual form and submitted to manual coding along with the print content.Results: Television and radio content focused on the nature of PC, screening and treatment,and conveyed a gender-centric position linked to male sexuality and virility. Newspapers and magazines targeted the testing controversy, the lack of consensus among professionals, and scientific advances in screening and treatment.Conclusion: Media participation in the European testing debate is valuable for allowing patients to hear all opinions on PC risk factors. Debate on testing policy contributes to confusion and uncertainty regarding appropriate action.

The state strikes back: industrial policy, regulatory power and the divergent performance of telefonica and telecom Italia

ABSTRACTContributing to the debate on the state’s role in helping domestic firms to internationalise, this paper compares the divergent performance of the Italian and Spanish telecommunications incumbents Telefonica and Telecom Italia (TI). Telefonica has grown since the early 1990s to become one of the largest telecommunications utilities worldwide, while TI is now a small firm controlled by the French media group Vivendi. This divergence occurred even though both the Italian and Spanish government implemented an activist industrial policy strategy aimed at favouring the internationalisation of, respectively, TI and Telefonica. The paper shows how these contrasting outcomes can be traced to the different regulatory power relationship between the state and domestic blockholders in the two countries. The findings shed light on the factors that lie behind the successful internationalisation of inward-looking firms active in regulated sectors.

ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРНЫЙ ОБРАЗ ЖЕНЩИНЫ-ПОЛИТИКА В ПРЕДВЫБОРНОЙ КАРТИНЕ ФРАНЦИИ

The article is devoted to the study of stereotypical gender perception and the formation of a female image created in the French media. The paper presents an analysis of the linguistic means representing the notion of a linguo-cultural image of a woman-politician in the French press (by the example of the candidate for the presidency of France Marine Le Pen). As a result of the analysis of a significant number of publications, the main characteristics prevailing in the media image of the woman-politician Marine Le Pen are established.

The advertising French media text as a method of forming the foreign language students’ intercultural competence

Introduction. Teaching intercultural communi! cation is the main objective of university student’s study. The forming of intercultural competence is very important for the foreign language students. There are two ways to realize the intercultural communication: by the direct contact with the native speaker and through authentic texts. The forming of intercultural competence is possible by using the authentic media texts in the teaching process at university. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to consider the particularities of advertising French media text as a method of forming the intercultural competence. Methods. Analysis of socio-psychological and methodo- logical scientific sources on advertising texts in French and of different types of stereotypes, as a component of culture, has been used. Results. An advertising text as an example of the modern aid of foreign language students’ intercultural competence forming is presented in the article. The content of intercultural competence is described. A stereotype as a form of social representations is characterized. The role and place of stereotypes in French advertising text are described. The stages of working with the advertising videotext are described. An example of methodic project of the video advertising text is proposed. The conclusion has been made: the advertising text as a rich source of language and cultural information let form students’ intercultural competence along with others foreign communicative competences. The prospective of the further research is selecting French and Ukrainian advertising texts that can be used for teaching students intercultural communication.

РОССИЙСКОЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ НА КУЛЬТУРУ ФРАНЦИИ В ПЕРВОЙ ЧЕТВЕРТИ XX ВЕКА (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ ФРАНЦУЗСКОЙ ПРЕССЫ)

The paper presents the analysis of French media in the first quarter of the 20th century, affecting the presence of Russian culture in the French society and the impact of theRussians on French culture. The author examines the influence of literature, music, art and theatre on the cultural space of France. Particular attention is paid to the chosen period of time – 1900-1925 as the most fruitful in the history of French-Russian relations – but of course, for the completeness of the study, the historical background of the cultural dialogue between two countries is revealed. The aim of the research is to show opportunities of culture as the soft power on real historical cases and to give an example for future studies in this field in order to improve the brand of Russia abroad. The French media, including the metropolitan and regional press, is in the center of the analysis and special emphasis is put on the differentiation between the periods before and after 1917 as the remarkable date in theRussian history. The undiminished influence of theRussians on French cultural life is shown on the basis of the analysis, in spite of the difficulties in political and international spheres, as well as a lack of politicization in the French media in the articles dedicated to cultural events. The study is characterized by interdisciplinary approach with the application of the theories of Culturology, Sociology and History. The paper is intended fora wide range of specialists and practitioners interested in territorial branding, culturology and media in general.

The Image of Islam and Muslims in the French Media, between the Hammer of the Media and the Anvil of Public Opinion

The Image of Islam and Muslims in the French Media, between the Hammer of the Media and the Anvil of Public Opinion

French Media, Presidential Women, and the Making of Macron

French Media, Presidential Women, and the Making of Macron

"To Unreel a Whole Story": Julia Kerninon on Writers' Interviews

Julia Kerninon is the subject of this interview. The author of Buvard, a novel featuring an interview encounter and winner of the Prix Françoise Sagan in 2014, Kerninon also wrote a PhD on the Paris Review's interview series. With interviewer Rebecca Roach, she discusses researching that series and editor George Plimpton's editing style in conjunction with her own creative use of interviews and experiences of being interviewed in the French media.

Remade in France: Anglicisms in the Lexicon and Morphology of French by Valérie Saugera

Reviewed by: Remade in France: Anglicisms in the Lexicon and Morphology of French by Valérie Saugera Michael D. Picone Saugera, Valérie. Remade in France: Anglicisms in the Lexicon and Morphology of French. Oxford UP, 2017. ISBN 9780190625542. Pp. xv + 205. Based on its frequent appearance on products in France—and, figuratively, in French media and advertising—the international Anglicism made in, conjoined with USA / France / Europe / Moscou / space / tricot ad infinitum, lends itself to an apt riff for a book title prefiguring two of the unifying themes of this study. First, the profusion of uninflected Anglicisms in French (citing journalistic examples culled from an exhaustive online search of all issues of the neologically-friendly daily Libération in 2010) does not announce the impending collapse of the integrity of the French morphological system—contrary opinions of some pundits notwithstanding—but rather corresponds to a well-circumscribed subsystem consistent with French usage. Secondly, though increasingly profuse, most journalistic Anglicisms, whether words or phrases, are actually fleeting devices for purposes of local-color allusions, style, stance, or humor, usually time-sensitive, leaving only a very small minority destined to have any permanence. Those that do will inevitably take on a life of their own in French due to differing sociocultural context and creative departures. Serving as a poster-Anglicism is people (117–20, 140, 168–69). A probable reduction of English the beautiful people, the now frequent people, sometimes graphologically assimilated (pipeule, pipole), has filled an available lexical slot in French to indicate celebrities of notoriety in the heavily mediatized world of entertainment gossip. Unlike English, French people can be used not only as a cumulative or plural reference but also to designate one individual, and lends itself to improvised derivations (pipeulaire, peoplisation, peoplelisé). Though a noun, it can be recruited to function adjectivally (la presse people). This last example, [End Page 205] however, points to a growing phenomenon of considerable import that has not been developed by Saugera and that compromises somewhat the assurances that English is having no lasting morphosyntactic impact on French. It can be demonstrated that such [noun + noun] constructions, incorporating an ellipsis of the representation of subordination joining the two nouns, have been given a boost, in part, by virtue of contact with English (Anglicisms, Neologisms and Dynamic French, Picone, 1996). This one lacuna notwithstanding, Saugera reasons insightfully to decode the behavior of Anglicisms. Indeed, in a globalized environment thick with Anglicisms, some knowledge of their use is now essential for any educated consumer of French culture, and this is one of the reasons that this book can be recommended to a wide spectrum of readers, both professionals and casual observers, interested in the contemporary profile and future trajectory of the French lexicon. At the same time, Saugera has presented hard data to demonstrate that French journalists are adept at using Anglicisms to advantage without undermining the morphological integrity of the language. Any language must either totally isolate itself or else successfully adapt to its changing environment in order to survive. The former is now virtually impossible, particularly for a global language like French; the latter is the only viable way forward, and Saugera has provided compelling evidence that journalistic handlers of French have successfully embarked upon it. Michael D. Picone University of Alabama Copyright © 2018 American Association of Teachers of French

The functioning of youth discourse in the sphere of Internet communications

In the context of discourse theory, the computer discourse occupies a special place. The computer discourse can be regarded as a linguistic category that combines the signs of personality-oriented and status-oriented discourse. Computer discourse explores the peculiarities of the communicative environment, including the way communication and characteristics of the communicants. The article deals with the functioning of youth discourse in the sphere of Internet communications. The evolution of the French language is taking place under the influence of social networks. Rapid development of Internet technologies means that, the neutralization of oral and written speech, the mixing of spontaneous and prepared speech, the processes of word-formation are actively taking place in the computer discourse. The youth discourse of Internet communications is the most open system in the modern French language and its vocabulary is constantly enlarging. The individuality of the user manifests itself in francophone youth blogs. There is a particular interest about blogs of French youth. Wealthy, stylistically marked language of teens differs from a standard variety of the French language with its own exceptional set of vocabulary words. Communication used in youth blogs has its own distinctiveness. While analyzing the lexical-semantic peculiarities of French young people blogs, a lot of jargon, slang words, expressions, conversions, and abbreviations can be observed. Language used in friendly emails is mostly popular among youth. Since there are no strict rules in French social media services, the breaking of orthographical and grammatical rules of the language can be observed.

Французская пресса в методике преподавания французского языка как иностранного

The role and possibilities of using the French press in the methods of teaching French are considered. Leaving out of the brackets a whole layer of general educational literature on the French language, in one or another way including extracts from French newspapers and magazines, the author refers directly to the books in which attention is paid to the language of the French press. The most well-known Russian textbooks on the language of the French media are analyzed due to the fact that they are aimed at a Russian-speaking student and include, for example, materials on translation (from Russian into French and vice versa). The analysis allows to present a general typology of manuals devoted to the French press, depending on their tasks. First of all, there are manuals aimed at studying the specifics of the French printed word itself, its history and current state. It is argued that the greatest place is taken by the books, where the press is used as a material for acquisition and consolidation of practical skills, for active vocabulary learning by those who are studying French, and handbooks for abstracting in French (formation of three main types of paraphrase, called in French methodological traditions resume , compte rendu , synthese ), based on French periodicals and gaining the growing popularity in connection with the necessity of passing the international exams DELF / DALF.

Мультимедійні технології французьких іномовних і міжнародних теле- та радіоканалів

The article examines the multimedia technologies used by the French TV channel France 24, the RFI radio station and the international television channel TV5 Monde in highlighting current information. The objective of the article is to ascertain the reasons of increased attention to multimedia content and interactivity of French broadcasting channels. To achieve this objective, the following methods were used: observation, analysis, generalization. The definition of the concept “multimedia” was considered and the monitoring of multimedia content of French media materials was implemented. As a result it was determined the most popular technologies and provided the recommendations on the use of multimedia technologies in the programs and on the web-site of the Ukrainian TV channel UA | TV.

MEDIA COVERAGE OF THE UKRAINIAN CRISIS IN BRITAIN & FRANCE (2013–2017)

The Ukrainian Revolution followed by Russian aggression was in part analyzed in the French and British press with some scepticism, although the great majority of newspapers and the governments of these two countries firmly condemned the annexation of Crimea by Russia as well as Russian military support for the Donbas rebels. However, some of the French and British media were swayed by rumours spread by Russian propaganda. Many journalists have misled the public in their oversimplification of the conflict by implying a false political division between Ukrainians and the Russophone population, deplorably confusing the Russian-speaking Ukrainian populace with Ukrainians of Russian origin.The Western media’s view on the Ukrainian Crisis has already been studied. So in order to bring something new, we decided to use as a central theme the vision of the prestigious British magazine, The Economist, which summarizes quite accurately the western, liberal view on the Ukrainian conflict. We also looked at different British and French newspapers and online media from 2013 to 2017. We have divided this research into eleven events, starting from the Trade War in 2013, The February Revolution, Crimea’s annexation, Odessa’s fire, Petro Poroshenko’s election, the destruction of the Malaysian airliner, the new Rada assembly, the self-proclaimed Republics in Donbas, the Eurovision diplomatic crisis between Ukraine and Russia, the decommunisation laws and finally the ban on Russian social networks in Ukraine.

Information under control: Medical news in France between the early 1950s and early 1980s

This article offers an analysis of the process of construction of scientific sections in the French generalist media between the beginning of the 1950s and the beginning of the 1980s. Using the specific case of medicine, it shows that this type of information occupied a singular position because it was relatively well-controlled by medical institutions with the collaboration of a small group of specialised journalists. The historic comparison emphasises the fact that the news coverage of medicine was more consensual than today because the scientific discourse was not controversial.

Risk normalization in a nuclear reliant society: the construction of risk in French media narratives pre- and post-Fukushima

ABSTRACTThe Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan highlights risks associated with nuclear power. In France, a nation highly dependent upon nuclear electricity, actors create powerful official frames to shape public acceptance of nuclear risk. One component of establishing the nuclear energy infrastructure includes creation of normalizing media messages about nuclear energy, downplaying potential harms and discouraging the presence of contrasting narratives as well as social movement action. Drawing from literature on risk society, framing, and the role of media in creating and shaping discourse, we conduct a qualitative content analysis of newspaper articles published in two widely disseminated French daily newspapers, Le Monde and Le Figaro, to understand the construction of nuclear risk in France around the time of the Fukushima nuclear disaster. We argue that mainstream media promotes narratives that support nuclear energy, normalizes risk and regulates public knowledge to the detriment of antinuclear collective action even under high-risk conditions.