Freight Forwarding Companies Research Articles

ОБҐРУНТУВАННЯ ВАРІАНТА ВИКОРИСТАННЯ КОНТЕЙНЕРА ПРИ ПРОЕКТУВАННІ СИСТЕМИ ДОСТАВКИ ВАНТАЖУ

Today, one of the widely used services provided by many freight forwarding companies (FFCs) is the LCL (Less than Container Load) delivery of cargo. There are no doubts about certain advantages of FCL (Full Container Load) delivery. Therefore, the duty of the freight forwarder is to inform the client of all positive and negative aspects of a particular type of container used, despite the size of cargo party. Along with this, modern forwarding companies do not have a methodical support that allows freight forwarders to promptly substantiate relevant decisions regarding the expediency of LCL or FCL delivery. In this regard, the purpose of the research is to develop a technology justifying the use of the container in the projecting of the delivery system. To achieve the goal, in the work were set and gradually solved certain tasks. In the process of solving the first problem, the positive and negative sides of LCL and FCL deliveries of goods are reflected. As a result of the solution of the second task, a procedure has been established for substantiating the tariff unit (weight or volume of the lot) for quotation of the rate of freight forwarder services for the delivery of cargo in the consolidated container. As a result of the third task solution, the technology of justifying the LCL delivery of cargo compared to its FCL delivery was developed.

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN OPERATOR SELULER MENGGUNAKAN METODE MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION ON THE BASIS OF RATIO ANALYSIS (MOORA)

Pematangsiantar is a developing city in North Sumatra, so it is not surprising that there are a lot of freight forwarding partners that offer goods delivery services to peoples such as POS Indonesia, JNE, JET Express, J & T Express and SiCepat Express. Many factors that influence people, especially online shop users on the selection of freight forwarding companies, such as the length of delivery, price, type of fleet, range, to company experience. Then it is necessary to build a system that helps the community in taking a decision. The model used to build this Decision Support System uses the Multi-Objective Optimization On The Base Of Ratio Analysis Method which is expected to provide convenience for people in the selection of cellular operators that they will use.Keywords: Decision Support System, MOORA, Online Shop, delivery services

WYBRANE ASPEKTY PROJEKTOWANIA SYSTEMÓW MONITORINGU WIZYJNEGO

W referacie zaprezentowano zagadnienia związane z Systemami Monitoringu Wizyjnego. Przedstawiono kolejne etapy ewolucji rozwoju systemów, a także zaprezentowano koncepcje systemu monitoringu wizyjnego dla firmy spedycyjnej. W tym celu zastosowano różne media transmisyjne, w tym także kable światłowodowe. Dzięki temu uzyskano odporność na zakłócenia elektromagnetyczne, a także dużą przepustowość danych.

UNASCO: exploring the market for sustainable business

Subject area Growth strategies, marketing strategy, resources-based value theory, alliance network model, logistic and supply chain. Study level/applicability This case can be used in undergraduate and graduate classes as well as development programmes for managers in small to medium-size enterprises. The case suits courses in business, strategy, marketing and freight forwarding. Case overview Union National Air, Land and Sea Shipping Co (LLC) (UNASCO) is a small to medium-sized freight forwarding company based in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It has three offices, two in Dubai and one in Abu Dhabi. UNASCO handles commercial imports/exports from/to many destinations, including Europe, Asia, the USA, India, the Far East, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), the Middle East (ME) and Africa. UNASCO has been in business for more than 35 years and has run the business smoothly. Recently, the company has faced several internal and external challenges that impact business performance. These challenges are high operating expenses, stiff competition and low market demand. Due to these challenges, the sales staff is being pressured to generate more income to ensure that the company is not experiencing a loss. Now, UNASCO is uncertain how to sustain the business. Expected learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: to learn about the freight forwarding industry, the competitive landscape and the challenges surrounding it; to enable the participant to generate a list of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) for UNASCO and to gain skill at using SWOT analysis; to increase the participant’s ability to evaluate a situation and effectively communicate remedies about it both in writing and verbally; to enable the participant to analyse a problem using the Fishbone Diagram cause and effect tool; to enable the participant to use the Six Thinking Hats technique to make more reliable and sounder decisions; to gain skill at using Porters Five Forces tool, understand the competitiveness of UNASCO’s business environment, and identify the potential for business growth; and to gain skills at developing a marketing strategy using the 4Ps model. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.

Faktor-faktor Pemilihan Jasa Pelayaran di Surabaya

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the main factor priority when selecting freight forwarder partnership of sea transport operator. Freight forwarder has function as the mediator of goods from producer to buyer which relies on sea transport operator. This study was using survey method of 100 freight forwarder companies associated of ILFA (Indonesian Logistics and Forwarder Association) located in Surabaya. The analysis was using statistic description of EFA (Exploratory Factor Analysis). The result shows that there are four factors affecting sea transport operator selection which are completeness of service facilities and reliabilities, international standard recognition, company’s reputation, and customers’ orientation.

Knowledge management in freight forwarding as a logistics intermediator: model and effectiveness

ABSTRACTThis paper aims to develop a knowledge management process for freight forwarding logistics companies and to empirically examine its effectiveness. In order for this paper to do so, it identifies the types of freight forwarders’ knowledge and scrutinizes internal and external sources of knowledge possession in companies. This paper also analyses how the freight forwarders’ knowledge assists in improving organisational performance. Research findings show that absorptive capacity and inter-firm cooperative relationships have facilitated greater level of knowledge possessed by freight forwarders. Knowledge possession has helped companies to improve value creation and organisational innovation, in which the knowledge possession has played a mediating role in the interactions among the absorptive capacity, inter-firm cooperative relationship, and organisational performance. This line of research could provide freight forwarding companies with strategic insights into a systematic knowledge management process and its effectiveness by categorically identifying freight forwarding knowledge types, sources of knowledge possession, and usefulness in improving organisational performance.

PENGARUH PEMASARAN KERELASIAN TERHADAP KEUNGGULAN BERSAING UNIT BISNIS CARGO PT GARUDA INDONESIA

This study aims to determine the effect of marketing relationship on competitive advantage in Cargo Business Unit PT Garuda Indonesia. The research method used was descriptive verification with data analysis using simple linear regression. Primary data was collected through a survey of forty questionnaires distributed directly and online to the customers which is freight forwarding companies operating in the Soewarna Office and Warehousing Area, Soekarno Hatta Airport, Jakarta. The result of this research shows that the relationship marketing effects positive and significant to the competitive advantage of Cargo Business Unit PT Garuda Indonesia. Competitive advantage not only influenced by relationship marketing but influenced by other factors for further research. The results of this study suggest extending unit analysis to studying competitive advantage.

Складові економічного потенціалу транспортно–експедиторської компанії та підходи до його оцінки

Складові економічного потенціалу транспортно–експедиторської компанії та підходи до його оцінки

Substantiation of the development variant of freight forwarding company under uncertainty conditions

The object of research is justification of the development of a freight forwarding company under uncertainty conditions. The main factors of uncertainty in the development of freight forwarding companies have been identified and characterized. The main factors of uncertainty in making decisions on the development of a freight forwarding company are potential volumes of cargo for servicing, which are formed under the influence of a competitive environment, volumes of foreign trade cargo and the state of the transport system.The transformation of the uncertainty of information about the state of the market as a function of time is analyzed. It is characterized how the structure of information in terms of its degree of uncertainty changes as the planning horizon of development activities decreases and the moment of their realization comes.Experimental calculations for the choice of the development of a complex of services of a freight forwarding company are developed and presented. For the selection procedure, an adaptation of a well-known method is suggested that takes into account the multicriteria choice, which corresponds to the actual needs of practice under uncertainty conditions. This method in the form of a combination of operations on fuzzy sets and Saaty pairwise comparison method is adapted to choose the direction of development of transport forwarding services by using a set of relevant criteria. This extends the boundaries of using the known method.The proposed method will allow the freight forwarding company to determine the most appropriate development option, taking into account the system of criteria. The results of calculations from four variants of development have shown that the third and fourth development options have the greatest advantage, which obtained a maximum value of 0.70 and 0.68 with an insignificant difference. They received priority over the first and second development options, which make it the final choice when making a decision.

A roaring trade? The legal trade in Panthera leo bones from Africa to East-Southeast Asia

The African lion is the only big cat listed on CITES Appendix II, and the only one for which international commercial trade is legal under CITES. The trade in lion body parts, and especially the contentious trade in bones from South Africa to Asia, has raised concerns spanning continents and cultures. Debates were amplified at the 2016 CITES Conference of the Parties (CoP17) when a proposal to up-list lions to Appendix I was not supported and a compromise to keep them on Appendix II, with a bone trade quota for South Africa, was reached instead. CoP17 underscored a need for further information on the lion bone trade and the consequences for lions across the continent. Legal international trade in bones to Asia, allegedly to supply the substitute ‘tiger bone’ market, began in South Africa in February 2008 when the first CITES permits were issued. It was initially unclear the degree to which bones were sourced from captive-origin lions, and whether trade was a threat to wild lion populations. Our original assessment of the legal CITES-permitted lion bone trade from South Africa to East-Southeast Asia was for the period 2008–2011 (published 2015). In this paper, we consolidate new information that has become available for 2012–2016, including CITES reports from other African countries, and data on actual exports for three years to 2016 supplied by a freight forwarding company. Thus, we update the figures on the legal trade in lion bones from Africa to East-Southeast Asia in the period 2008–2016. We also contextualise the basis for global concerns by reviewing the history of the trade and its relation to tigers, poaching and wildlife trafficking. CITES permits issued to export bones escalated from ±314y-1 skeletons from 2008–2011, to ±1312y-1 skeletons from 2013–2015. South Africa was the only legal exporter of bones to Asia until 2013 when Namibia issued permits to export skeletons to Vietnam. While CITES permits to export ±5363 skeletons from Africa to Asia from 2008–2015 were issued (99.1% from South Africa; 0.7% from Namibia) (51% for Laos), actual exports were less than stated on the permits. However, information on actual exports from 2014–2016 indicated that >3400 skeletons were exported in that period. In total, >6000 skeletons weighing no less than 70 tonnes have been shipped to East-Southeast Asia since 2008. Since few wild lions are hunted and poached within South African protected areas, skeletons for the legal trade appear to be derived from captive bred lions. However, confirmation of a 116kg shipment from Uganda to Laos, and reports of lion poaching in neighbouring countries, indicate that urgent proactive monitoring and evaluation of the legal and illegal trade is necessary in African lion range states where vulnerable wild lion populations are likely to be adversely affected.

Comparison of economic indicators of using the Ukrainian logistics potential

The article summarizes the essence and concept of the logistical potential of the national economy, defines key indicators of its effective use, and analyzes the impact of economic indicators on the competitiveness and efficiency of the national economy from the point of view of its geo-economic dimension. The audit of the scientific problem made it possible to reveal that the leading countries of the world view logistics as a separate branch of the economy having a powerful export potential. At the same time, Ukraine does not carry out systematic studies of the state of the logistics services market, the structure and possibilities for development of the national logistics system, and the level of utilization of the existing powerful logistical potential. To assess the level of use of the logistic potential, it is suggested to use the system of indicators reflecting the competitiveness and efficiency of the national economy from the point of view of its geo-economic dimension, in particular, logistics service quality, the volume of the logistics services market in the country, the cost of logistics operations in the structure of the national GDP. An author's assessment of the value of logistics costs to Ukraine is made, taking into account the structure and dynamics of the product produced by types of economic activity and the direct impact of logistics operations on the creation of added value. It is shown that the cost of logistics in the national GDP is 6–8 % higher than in European countries. At the same time, the low specific gravity of transport, warehouse, postal and courier services in the sectoral aspect of the gross domestic product testifies to the significant growth potential of logistic outsourcing, and thus creates prerequisites for development of the logistics services market and its operators (transport, freight forwarding and logistics companies). Research results make it possible to identify bottlenecks and trends in the development of logistics potential in terms of increasing the productivity of the national logistics system and involving domestic enterprises in global supply chains.

Смешанные грузоперевозки как стратегическое направление в функционировании транспортно-экспедиционных компаний

Смешанные грузоперевозки как стратегическое направление в функционировании транспортно-экспедиционных компаний

Managing Inter-firm Rivalry Dynamics of Freight Forwarders: The Impact of Knowledge and Environments

This study aims to identify key factors affecting the competitive attack and responses of freight forwarding companies and the impact of environmental complexity on inter-firm rivalry. In order to achieve these research objectives, this study adopts a knowledge-based perspective and develops a competition dynamics model of freight forwarders, which examines how freight forwarders’ knowledge affect inter-firm rivalry, such as the likelihood of a competitive attack of a focal firm, the likelihood of its rival’s response to the attack, and how external environmental complexity moderate the association between freight forwarders’ knowledge and inter-firm rivalry. Results show that the extent to which the freight forwarding companies own firm-, industry- and international-specific knowledge facilitates the likelihood of a focal firm’s attack and lessens the likelihood of responses from the focal firm’s rivals. Environmental characteristics such as complexity, dynamism and hostility, were found to moderate the association between the knowledge of a focal firm and the likelihood of responses of rivals by further lessening the likelihood of the retaliation of rivals to the attack. Finally, academic and managerial implications of research findings are discussed.

Optimization of Processes in a Freight Forwarding Company Using a Simulation Model

This paper discusses the possibilities of optimizing processes in forwarding companies that provide services in international truck transport. The computer simulation model was used to optimize logistics processes in the real distribution company. Software SIMUL8 was chosen as a development environment for its possibility of dynamic discrete simulation of company processes. This model will help us to analyze bottlenecks in company processes and find optimal solutions using simulation experiments. Optimization is focused on the company's warehouse, where a sequence of vehicles loading and unloading operations and emerging downtime are explored.

Model of the Delivery Routes Forming Process as a Service Provided by Forwarding Companies

In this paper, we propose an approach to model the processes freight forwarding servicing under stochastic demand through forming rational delivery routes. This study aims to develop a mathematical model of forwarding servicing by defining the incoming impact and environmental factors, characterizing elements of the technological process and providing an analytical description of the relationship between the input parameters and efficiency criteria in a form of functional dependencies. The proposed model could serve as theoretical basis for development of decision support software for transport and freight forwarding companies.

ФАКТОРИ ВПЛИВУ НА ІННОВАЦІЙНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ПОРТОВОЇ ГАЛУЗІ

In the research were considered the factors of innovative development of the enterprise and the assessment of their impact on innovation activity on the example of the enterprises in a port industry. The key problems of the crisis state of scientific and technical sphere in Ukraine are revealed, among which are the state of legal regulation of scientific-technological and innovative activity, reduction of state allocations for science and search for alternative sources of financing in this sphere, almost complete lack of demand for research results during the economic crisis, a sharp decline in investment activity in the country, the lack of state science and technology policy. Researched factors influencing the innovation activity at the enterprise level and the peculiarities of their formation for the enterprises of the port industry, including: the strategic importance of the port industry in the national economy; the presence of high capital intensity of innovation and significant risks associated with the long- term implementation process; the existence of a close relationship and the need to for harmonize the innovative activities of the port enterprises with the work of the shipping companies, shipyards, freight forwarding companies, design organizations of various forms of ownership. The main problems that limit the effective functioning of port enterprises and their innovative development in terms of economic, political, legal, organizational and social nature are described. It is proposed to consider the formation of the indicators of innovation activity of the port industry enterprises in the context of a systematic approach to the areas of analysis in terms of indicators of influencing factors with a division into general and individual. The use of the above areas of analysis and a system of the interrelated indicators allows for systematic analysis to achieve optimal efficiency of innovation products, is the basis for creating information and analytical support for forecasting and identifying patterns and trends.

Studying Demand for Freight Forwarding Services in Ukraine on the Base of Logistics Portals Data

A method of studying a flow of requests on freight forwarding services with the use of the information logistics portal tools has been proposed. On the base of experimental studies results for the Ukrainian road transport market, distributions of the request flow parameters have been grounded and numerical characteristics of demand for services of Ukrainian freight forwarding companies have been determined.

Analysis of the interaction of participants freight forwarding system

Main goal of this work is the analysis of the interaction of participants of freight forwarding activities. Research methods included analysis of scientific literature, theory of systems and systems analysis, methods of induction and deduction. As sources of information used and applied work of fundamental importance known foreign and local scientists and regulatory and legislative documents of Ukraine for the state transport policy.
 In the article the basic interactions of participants of freight forwarding activities. Classified components freight forwarding services. Assign the concept freight forwarding system and its aim. Established element and forms of cooperation in the freight forwarding system.
 The main task of forwarding companies are organizing, coordinating and ensuring the delivery from shipper to consignee. Freight forwarding company responsible for the timely delivery of the goods on the condition of preservation of the quantity and quality specified time conditions. Currently used methods are uneffective decision-making, leading to losses. These circumstances require improvement methodology management of freight forwarding companies. This is possible only using modern mathematical methods and information technologies that will improve the operation of freight forwarding companies.
 The article presents a theoretical exposition of the basic processes of interaction between participants in freight forwarding system. The article may be of interest to specialists of freight forwarding companies.

Measurement of logistics service quality in freight forwarding companies

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine how customers from different market segments assess the quality of freight forwarding services, depending on the structure of services, as well as the mutual relation between the freight forwarder and the customers. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on the SERVQUAL model and surveys. The methodology for measuring the quality of logistics services in freight forwarding companies is developed. On the basis of the proposed methodology, the empirical research was conducted. The study includes 120 logistics professionals dealing with import and export trade flows who thereby use the services of freight companies. The verification of the SERVQUAL instrument, results and hypotheses are conducted using the factor analysis and ANOVA. Findings The results show that logistics service quality (LSQ) of freight forwarding companies in Serbia is not at a satisfactory level. Different market segments evaluate the level of quality of service in a different way. Also, customer exceptions and the level of quality depend on the structure of services, as well as the mutual relation between the freight forwarder and the customers. Research limitations/implications Empirical research and the results are limited to the Serbian market, and only one measurement tool. Practical implications The procedure and results of the research have practical applications and set the basis for the improvement of forwarding and logistics services. Originality/value This is one of the first papers dealing with the LSQ of freight forwarding companies in Serbia. Generally, the developed approach can be successfully applied on other markets, which adds value to this paper. New research hypotheses are developed and tested. In that manner, this paper makes contribution in measuring and improving the LSQ.

The Application of Artificial Neural Networks on the Prediction of the Future Financial Development of Transport Companies

It is logical that in an uncertain economic environment it is necessary for companies to be able to plan better, to report more precisely and to be able to better evaluate their future financial development. For their analysis, the authors of this article focus on a particular segment of the national economy, namely transport and freight forwarding companies. The aim of this article is to utilize artificial neural networks to predict potential financial problems in transport companies in the Czech Republic. Data on all companies involved in transport and freight forwarding in the Czech Republic for the period 2003 - 2013 were used for modelling the particular neural network. The data file contained nearly 15,000 records on companies for the individual years. These records included both financial statement data and non-accounting data (e.g. data on company employees). The following networks were used for modelling the neural network: a linear network, a probabilistic neural network (PNN), a generalised regression neural network (GRNN), a radial basis function network (RBF), a three-layer perceptron network (TLP) and a four-layer perceptron network (FLP). The analysis resulted in a concrete model of an artificial neural network. The neural network is able to determine with more than ninety per cent accuracy whether a company is able to overcome potential financial problems, within how many years a company might go bankrupt, or whether a company might go bankrupt within one calendar year. The text also includes the basic statistical characteristics of the examined sample and the achieved results (sensitivity analysis, confusion matrix, etc.). The model can be utilized in practice by transport company managers, investors looking for a suitable company for capital investment, competitors, etc.