Freestyle Wrestlers Research Articles

Вікові особливості олімпійських чемпіонів в спортивній боротьбі

Purpose: determine the age characteristics of Olympic champions in three styles of sports wrestling (Greco-Roman, freestyle and women's). Material and methods. The age of Olympic champions from 1896 to 2024 in three styles of sports wrestling: Greco-Roman (29 Olympiads), freestyle (27 Olympiads) and women's (6 Olympiads) was studied. A total of 455 athletes were analyzed: Greco-Roman (n=214), freestyle (n=211) and women's (n=30). The raw data of the wrestlers' performances is taken from the UWW website. The research used the following methods: analysis of scientific and methodological information and Internet sources; analysis of competitive activity protocols; methods of mathematical statistics. Results: the analysis of the age characteristics of Olympic champions during the research period showed that in Greco-Roman wrestling, the average age of athletes varies from 24,1 years to 32,8 years; in freestyle wrestling - from 23,0 years to 29,6 years; in women's wrestling - from 20,3 years to 27,5 years. The youngest champion in Greco-Roman wrestling was 18 years and 8 months, and the oldest was 41 years and 11 months. The youngest freestyle champion was 19 years and 8 months, and the oldest was 40 years and 4 months. In women's wrestling, the youngest and oldest champion was the same wrestler who took part in four Olympics and won four gold medals. She was 18 years and 2 months old at the first Olympics, and 32 years old at the fourth. The most decorated wrestler is Cuban heavyweight Mijain Lopez, who participated in six Olympic Games and won five gold medals. Seven stages of the evolutionary development of wrestling were identified. The youngest average age is observed among athletes at the first stage both in Greco-Roman wrestling (25,39 years) and in freestyle wrestling (23,92 years). The greatest average age of the athletes was at the second stage in the Greco-Roman style (29,36 years) and freestyle (27,52 years) wrestlers. Women's wrestling has been included in the program of the Olympic Games since 2004, so it is only in the last two stages. The average age of the wrinkles does not have a significant difference at these stages. It should be noted that at the last stage, Greco-Roman wrestlers have an average age of almost four years more than representatives of freestyle and women's wrestling. Conclusions. The conducted research made it possible to determine the age characteristics of Olympic champions in three styles of sports wrestling. The results of the study showed that the athletes competed in a wide age range (18-42 years), the average age was 27,82±9,77 years. The majority of athletes were between 22 and 32 years old, which accounted for 80 % of the total number. It was established that in Greco-Roman wrestling, the average age of athletes of all Olympiads is significantly higher (p<0,05) than in freestyle and women's wrestling. It was found that women were younger than men. There was also a weight category effect, with lighter wrestlers being younger than heavier wrestlers.

Міграція в спортивній боротьбі: аналіз виступів на Олімпійських Іграх 2024 в Парижі

Purpose: to analyze the achievements of migrant wrestlers at the 2024 Olympic Games in Paris. Material and methods.The following methods are used in the research: analysis of scientific and methodical sources, analysis of the results of sportsmen's performances and methods of mathematical statistics. The study was conducted to analyze the number of migrant athletes, their results in competitions, as well as age and weight characteristics in each style of wrestling (women's wrestling, Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling). The data is taken from the official website «United World of Wrestling» (https://unitedworldwrestling.org). The percentage of migrants, their average age, weight categories and places they occupied were analyzed, with further processing of statistical indicators to identify patterns in their performance. Results: the results of the study showed that 34 migrant athletes participated in the 2024 Olympic Games, with the largest number (24,0 %) observed in freestyle wrestling, while the figure was the lowest in women's wrestling at 2,1 %. The analysis also found that migrant athletes have an average age of 29,5 years, indicating their experience.Almost a third of them won prizes, in particular, 8,8 % became winners, and 29,4 % won prizes. Despite the high achievements, 35,3 % of the athletes ranked 10 and below, which indicates a wide variety of results among migrants. A comparison with previous studies confirmed the tendency of athletes to change their citizenship after the peak of their career. Migrant athletes aged 24-27 make up the largest group, indicating their strategy to achieve international success after achieving the best results in their careers. Conclusions. Migrant athletes participating in the 2024 Olympic Games showed a high level of results, especially in freestyle wrestling. Their participation and success confirm that changing citizenship is an important strategy for further achievements in international competitions, especially after the peak period of a sports career.

Organizational and pedagogical conditions of self-control education of younger teenagers in the process of practicing martial arts

Self-control, as one of the key moral and volitional qualities, contributes to the formation of a responsible, self-realized personality, which meets the urgent need of society for harmoniously developed citizens who are able to make balanced decisions and actively participate in the life of the state. The relevance of the study of the effects of physical culture and sports and recreational activities on the education of moral and volitional qualities of schoolchildren is determined by the demand of modern pedagogical theory and practice for the development and improvement of appropriate methodological tools. In this context, sports and health activities, in particular martial arts, are an effective tool for the development of a growing personality, which actualizes the definition of appropriate organizational and pedagogical conditions. We can define the organizational and pedagogical conditions for the education of self-control in younger teenagers as a set of factors that ensure the successful achievement of educational goals and contribute to increasing the level of self-control in the process of practicing martial arts. Effective organizational and pedagogical conditions for the self-control education of younger teenagers in the process of martial arts classes are defined as: organization of methodical work with physical education teachers and martial arts trainers regarding the self-control education of younger teenagers; introduction of methodical tools for self-control training of younger teenagers by means of martial arts (freestyle wrestling, horting, aikido, judo, jiu-jitsu) in the educational process of ZZSO (in physical education classes); organization of sports and recreational activities with the aim of motivating younger teenagers to engage in martial arts and develop self-control skills in practice.

Influence of slow and rapid weight loss periods on physiological performance, mood state and sleep quality in male freestyle wrestlers: a study from Sichuan Province, China.

This study aims to investigate the changes in physiological performance, mental state and sleep quality during the weight reduction phase prior to competition in male freestyle wrestlers. This study included 16 male freestyle wrestlers from Sichuan Province, China. Participants were evaluated at three time points: the first day of slow weight reduction (T1, March 26), the first day of rapid weight reduction (T2, April 26) and the day before the competition (T3, May 3), and measurements were taken for physiological performance, mood state and sleep quality. The most relevant findings indicated the following: Morning heart rate, creatine kinase and fatigue scores increased by 12.6, 64.6, and 19.0%, respectively, from T1 to T2 (p < 0.05), and decreased by 14.1, 36.6, and 16.8%, respectively, from T2 to T3 (p < 0.05). Hemoglobin and testosterone levels decreased by 3.0 and 16.8%, respectively, from T1 to T3 (p < 0.05), and by 2.9 and 18.2%, respectively, from T2 to T3 (p < 0.05); The secondary findings revealed the following: The total mood disturbance scores decreased by 3.8% from T2 to T3 (p = 0.072), positive mood scores decreased by 9.0% from T1 to T2 (p = 0.090), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index total scores increased by 14.4% from T1 to T2 (p = 0.323) and total work output and average power output decreased by 7.3 and 7.8%, respectively, from T1 to T3 (p = 0.067, p = 0.052); Regression analyses predicted negative mood (Y 1 = 62.306-0.018 × maximum power output) and sleep quality (Y 2 = 2.527 + 0.278 × Immunoglobulin G) during the weight reduction period. The combined slow and rapid weight reduction approach effectively minimized body fat in athletes with limited effect on their physiological performance and sleep quality. However, the effects were adverse on certain health variables and anaerobic power in Chinese male freestyle wrestlers. The identified correlations between negative mood and maximum power, and between sleep quality and immunoglobulin G, shed new light on factors influencing athletes' well-being during weight reduction, and underscored the need for careful monitoring of physiological variables in future weight management strategies.

The effect of the SWOM Model of Thinking Skills on Learning some grabs with Freestyle Wrestling for Students

تتضح أهمية البحث في الارتقاء بمستوى التفكير والتعليم والتطبيق العلمي الصحيح للمسكات في المصارعة الحرة بعد تطبيق انموذج (SWOM) الذي ابرز مستواه في التعليم لمختلف العلوم العلمية والرياضية وساعد المتعلم على التطبيق الصحيح والاداء الناجح لغرض التعلم وبذلك قد نساهم في اخراج درس مادة المصارعة بالشكل المناسب والصحيحمشكلة البحث : لكل نموذج تعليمي اهدافه التعليمية ونوعية التخصص الذي يعتمد عليه وقد جرب انموذج SWOM)) في العلوم العلمية المختلفة وحتى الرياضية ، وقد نجح في رفع مستوى التفكير وعالج المشكلات ورفع من التنبؤ بمستوى الاداء مستقبلا وهذا بحد ذاته يعتبر انموذج ناجح للأداء. وكان اهم أهداف البحث: - التعرف على تأثير انموذج SWOM)) الخاص بمهارات التفكير في تعلم بعض المسكات بالمصارعة الحرة للطلاب. استخدم الباحث المنهج التجريبي , تم تحديد مجتمع البحث لطلبة المرحلة الثالثة في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة في جامعة البصرة والبالغ عددهم (140) طالب يمثلون (6) شعب دراسية ، وتم اختيار العينة بالطريقة العمدية والبالغ عددهم (40) طالب يمثلون شعبتين والتي شكلت نسبة (28.5%)من المجتمع الكلي ، وتم تقسيم العينة إلى مجموعتين ( ضابطة وتجريبية) بحيث أصبحت كل مجموعة (20) طالب ,وعليه تم الاستنتاج: ان انموذج SWOM)) الخاص بمهارات التفكير له اهمية كبيرة في تعلم بعض المسكات بالمصارعة الحرة للطلاب .يوصي الباحث : باعتماد انموذج SWOM)) الخاص بمهارات التفكير في التعلم بعض المسكات بالمصارعة الحرة للطلاب لما له من دور كبير واهمية في طرائق التدريس. وهذا ما يحقق احد اهداف التنمية المستدامة للامم المتحدة في العراق (التعليم الجيد).

Severe Knee, Ankle, and Shoulder Injuries among Korean Men and Women Freestyle Wrestlers: A Survey-based Cross-Sectional Study

Severe Knee, Ankle, and Shoulder Injuries among Korean Men and Women Freestyle Wrestlers: A Survey-based Cross-Sectional Study

Special circular style exercises within certain physiological and performance indicators for the young freestyle wrestler’s Abbasid grip

The research focused on developing circular style exercises for young wrestlers and the effect of such exercises upon some physiological indicators such as heart rate, O2 saturation, and lactic acid concentration. the researcher made use of the training approach according to the circular training method. The researcher applied the items of exercise according to the circular method for a period of (8) weeks, with (3) training units per week. Exercises were performed based on the circular method and its effect on physiological capabilities such as heart rate, O2 saturation, lactic acid concentration, and the result of the efficiency of exercises in the circular method according to the method prepared. The physiological variables witnessed the improvement of the performance level in the post-tests of the control and experimental groups as a result of the increase in retention of the increase in the adaptations resulting from the effectiveness of the program which the performance of the Abbasid grip for the wrestlers according to the training program. The researcher arrived at the conclusion that, given the research variables being investigated, the experimental group was superior than the control group. Additionally, it was shown that this strategy resulted in an increase in retention and a decrease in loss in proportion to the adaptations. In order to prevent faults in the training unit for the experienced in the sample.

Результати виступів українських представників єдиноборств на Олімпійських іграх

Purpose: to determine the results of performances of Ukrainian martial arts representatives at the Olympic Games. Material and methods. The analysis of scientific and methodological literature, protocols and video recordings of competitions of Ukrainian athletes in various types of martial arts (Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling, judo, taekwondo, boxing, karate, fencing) at the 1996 Olympic Games (Atlanta, USA) was used to solve the research tasks. , 2000 (Sydney, Australia), 2004 (Athens, Greece), 2008 (Beijing, China), 2012 (London, Great Britain), 2016 (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), 2021 (Tokyo, Japan). Results: it was found that in 1996, Ukraine first took part in the Summer Olympic Games as an independent team. Martial arts athletes take an active part in every Olympic Games and bring medals to the coffers of the national team of Ukraine. The largest number of medals was won by martial artists at the 2012 Olympic Games - 10 medals (52,6 % of all medals), then at the 2021 Olympic Games - 9 (47,4 %), 2008 Olympic Games - 9 (37,5 %), -2000 – 8 (34,8 %), OI-2016 – 3 (27,3 %), OI-2004 – 4 (18,2 %). It was determined that the largest number of athletes who took part in the Olympics as part of the national team of Ukraine from 1996 to 2021 was in fencing - 63, then in freestyle wrestling - 61, in judo - 51, in boxing - 48, in Greco- in Roman wrestling - 38, in karate and taekwondo - 3 athletes each. Conclusions. It was established that during the independence of Ukraine, Ukrainian athletes took part in 7 Olympic Games. During this time, martial arts athletes won 49 medals (10 gold, 14 silver, 25 bronze), which is 34,8 % of all medals won by Ukrainian athletes. The following types of martial arts were presented in the Olympic program: Greco-Roman wrestling, freestyle wrestling, judo, boxing, karate, taekwondo, fencing. In total, from 1996 to 2021, Ukrainian martial artists took part in the Olympic Games 267 times.

Comparative Analysis of Adaptive Changes in Immunoendocrine and Physiological Responses to High-Intensity Sprint Interval Training with Progressive and Nonprogressive Loads in Young Wrestlers.

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of a 7-week short sprint interval training (SSIT) with differing in programming volume-loads including progressive (P-SSIT) and nonprogressive (NP-SSIT) approaches on the immunoendocrine, physical fitness attributes and physiological parameters in male wrestlers during the pre-season. Thirty young freestyle wrestlers at the collegiate national-level were included in the study and were divided into three groups: P-SSIT (n = 10), NP-SSIT (n = 10), and an active control group (n = 10). The wrestlers engaged in their specific wrestling training three days weekly, while the P-SSIT and NP-SSIT groups underwent a 7-week SSIT, with scheduling in either progressed or nonprogressed volume-based overloads, three times per week. Before and after the intervention, various aspects of physical fitness (such as 20-m sprint, 4×9-m shuttle run, and maximal strength) and physiological parameters (including cardiorespiratory fitness and anaerobic power output), as well as immunoendocrine responses (such as immunoglobulin-A, testosterone, and cortisol) were measured. Following the training intervention, the control group did not show any significant changes in the variable measured; however, both the P-SSIT and NP-SSIT groups experienced significant improvements (p = 0.001) in physical fitness attributes and physiological parameters with effect sizes ranging from small to very large, and also more adaptive responses compared with control group (p < 0.05). In addition, there were no statistically significant changes observed among the P-SSIT and NP-SSIT groups in terms of immunoendocrine response to training, and physical fitness, as well as physiological parameters (p > 0.05). In conclusion, neither the progressed nor nonprogressed approaches of SSIT demonstrated superior effects on adaptations compared to one another. Therefore, it is recommended for strength and conditioning coaches in wrestling to incorporate both P-SSIT and NP-SSIT into their annual training plan, especially during the pre-season phase, to maximize the physical fitness and physiological parameters of their wrestlers while minimizing changes in immunoendocrine responses.

Freestyle wrestling in sections of a school sports club

Introduction. Freestyle wrestling ensures effective development of various physical qualities and abilities in schoolchildren, and is among the most popular sports along with other types of martial arts and games. Freestyle wrestling is an appropriate means of sports-oriented physical education for schoolchildren, since it meets their interests and needs in physical education and sports. The study aims to analyze the effectiveness of a school sports club in organizing physical education and sports work, taking into account the interest of those involved, on the example of freestyle wrestling. Materials and methods. The pedagogical experiment involved implementing the developed methodology for freestyle wrestling in sections at the school sports club. 30 students from MBEI Secondary School No. 38 in Grozny (Russian Federation) took part in the experiment. Research results. Freestyle wrestling in sections at the school sports club significantly increases physical activity and preparedness of students. The comparative analysis showed a significant improvement in the test scores of the experimental group: 60 m standing-start run with hand support, sec – p &lt; 0.05; 5 successive somersaults, sec – p &lt; 0.05; pull-ups on a bar, number of times – p &lt; 0.05; forward bends from a sitting position, cm – p &lt;0.05; in the test shuttle run 3×10 m, sec – p &lt; 0.05; raising the body into a squat position in 30 sec, number of times – p &lt;0.05; and cross running 2000m, min – p&lt;0.05. Conclusion. The study confirmed the effectiveness of freestyle wrestling in sections at the school sports club. The proposed methodology will significantly increase physical activity, fitness and development of schoolchildren, and its use in the physical education system can be considered appropriate.

Comparative analysis of indicators of physical fitness of freestyle wrestlers at the stage of initial training

The sufficient level of general physical fitness of freestyle wrestlers allows them to form the foundation of versatile and proportional development of the physiological systems and organs of children and adolescents. To properly build the educational and training process, it is necessary to regularly and timely control and analyze the general physical, special physical, and psychophysiological fitness of wrestlers. This requires improving the system of sports training in freestyle wrestling through scientific substantiation of more effective methods of improving the athlete's preparedness. Solving this problem is possible only after enriching existing and developing new training programs for wrestlers. The research and practical experience of leading specialists is aimed at modernizing and improving the training process of highly qualified athletes, while the problem of improving the physical and special training of athletes at the initial stages remains relevant today and requires in-depth study.&#x0D; The purpose of the study was to determine the indicators of general physical fitness of young wrestlers at the stage of initial training during training according to the generally accepted program and when the coach involves additional functional sets of exercises.&#x0D; The research was conducted among children 8-10 years old engaged in freestyle wrestling in groups of primary training: the I-group of children trained according to a standard generally accepted training program, the II-group athletes trained according to the coach’s author’s methodology, which included additional performance of functional sets of exercises for improvement of both general and special physical training using a large number of exercises, games and game tasks of varying coordination complexity.&#x0D; In the work, a comparative analysis of the indicators of physical fitness of young wrestlers of both groups of initial training, obtained as a result of control standards, was carried out. The nature of positive changes in these indicators during control tests among wrestlers of the II group was determined. According to the results of the experiment, it can be stated that the training effect should be aimed at improving all components of physical and technical training.

Indicators of Spectacle in Wrestling at the 2021 Olympic Games

Background and Study: Spectacle plays a key role in sports wrestling in attracting viewers' attention, creating emotional involvement, and making the sport an integral part of culture. Aim: To identify the most significant indicators of wrestlers' competitive activity based on the analysis of the 2021 Olympic Games, which influence the spectacle in sports wrestling. Material and Methods: The study involved 289 wrestlers. An analysis of protocols and video recordings of 340 matches at the 2021 Olympic Games in three types of sports wrestling was conducted: in women's wrestling – 113 matches (n=96 female wrestlers), in Greco-Roman wrestling – 113 matches (n=97 wrestlers), and in freestyle wrestling – 114 matches (n=96 wrestlers). Expert assessment method was used to evaluate the indicators of competitive activity. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using licensed Excel spreadsheet packages. Results: For Greco-Roman wrestling and women's wrestling, the ratio of actions performed in par terre and standing is about 70 to 30. Whereas, for freestyle wrestlers, almost 80% of actions are performed in standing. The efficiency coefficient of wrestling in standing for Greco-Roman style wrestlers averaged 1.43 points per action; for freestyle wrestlers, it was 1.78 points per action, and for female wrestlers – 2.01 points per action. The highest number of one-point actions was performed in Greco-Roman wrestling, which significantly and statistically significantly (p&lt;0.05) exceeds the indicators in freestyle and women's wrestling. Meanwhile, female wrestlers and freestyle wrestlers statistically significantly (p&lt;0.05) executed more two-point actions. The average number of actions per match does not significantly differ (p&gt;0.05): 4.23 actions for Greco-Roman wrestling; 4.47 actions for freestyle wrestling, and 4.08 actions for women's wrestling. However, when considering the average number of points scored per match, statistically significant differences were found. Thus, Greco-Roman style wrestlers score an average of 6.95 points, this indicator is statistically significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) than in freestyle (8.12 points) and in women's wrestling (8.07 points). Conclusions: The analysis of matches at the 2021 Olympic Games made it possible to identify competitive activity indicators that influence the spectacle in sports wrestling. Positive indicators include: a large number of technical-tactical actions performed in standing; execution of throws in par terre by Greco-Roman style wrestlers; a high percentage of early victories in matches. Negative indicators: execution of simple one-point and two-point technical-tactical actions; in Greco-Roman wrestling, a large number of matches that ended with a score of 1:1; interruptions in matches (Challenge, Negative Wrestling, Caution), lack of dynamism in the match, and the inability to score too many points. The obtained results will help provide recommendations for changing competition rules and enhancing the spectacle of sports wrestling.

A Comparison of Some Important Biochemical Indicators According to Escalating Physical Effort till Fatigue for Elite Freestyle Wrestlers, 800m Runners, and 200m Freestyle Swimmers

It is the nature of the game and the activity that determines the characteristic of the manifestation of fatigue according to what is required by the neuromuscular work in it, as well as the changes that occur in the functional variables and the time of the differential threshold. The location of each activity and the game of these teams have been studied in a special table for energy production systems as a result of continuous changes in their laws, and are considered within the energy systems such as the anaerobic system (Phosphagine) and lactic acid for (800) m runners - freestyle swimmers (200) m in the physical effort till fatigue. The comparison in the important functional indicators for them, and the research methodology embodied in the way of working through the method used, which is the descriptive method in comparison then, the researchers identified the research community for the young national team athletes for freestyle wrestling, and the national team(800)m runners, as well as of the national team in (200) m swimming for the sports season (2022-2023), A total of 21 athletes were selected in an organized manner and distributed into three equal groups (7 athletes) for each of the three types of sports (wrestler, 200-meter swimming and 800-meter running)., and the researchers would conduct tests for the research variables biochemical for the sample members, as well as some variables that have an impact on the results of the study such as (height, age, weight, and the age of training ), and the homogenization of the research sample members was carried out. The results of statistical treatments were presented, analyzed, and discussed, supported by sources. The most important conclusions were that most of the activities and the variation of values are very essential biochemical indicators. The differences were significant and the positive variation in accordance to the type of sport or activity, and the last variation between the activities in terms of comparison in these variables is due to the nature and specificity in terms of the intensity of the resistances and direct and indirect friction For competitors and the expenditure of energy stored in muscles. Finally, the researchers recommended knowing the most important biochemical indicators in these events and sports as they reflect a clear picture of the individuals' internal preparations and functional responses.

Factors structure of psychological readiness in elite wrestlers men and women

The article examines the factor structure of the psychological readiness of highly qualified wrestlers. 24 highly qualified athletes specializing in women's wrestling and 33 highly qualified athletes specializing in freestyle wrestling were examined. All athletes are members of national teams of Ukraine. Consent was obtained from all athletes to participate in research and to use the results for scientific purposes. The psycho-emotional state (according to Lüscher's color test), the state of neurodynamic functions (balance and mobility of nervous processes) and the state of cognitive functions (assessment of non-verbal and verbal intelligence, working memory, logical and analytical thinking and the level of manifestation of stress resistance) were investigated using hardware- software computer complex "Multipsychometer - 05".&#x0D; It is shown that the psychological readiness of highly qualified wrestlers consists of five factors: perception of external information; mental state; the quality and speed of processing non-verbal information and making an optimal decision. Among highly qualified wrestlers, five factors ensuring psychological readiness were also found: perception of external information; mental state; making the optimal decision; speed of perception and level of stress resistance. According to the research results, it can be concluded that in order to optimize the psychological readiness of highly qualified wrestlers, it is necessary to have an appropriate level of the state of the system of perception, processing of external information and making an optimal decision. Accordingly, the optimization of psychological readiness in highly qualified wrestlers is ensured by the ability to make optimal decisions with different types of perception and a high level of stress resistance.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF YOUNGER SCHOOLCHILDREN WITH THE CHOICE OF A SPORT (ON THE EXAMPLE OF FREESTYLE WRESTLING)

The article describes the problem of insuffi cient development of technology, thanks to which it is possible to successfully identify a child of primary school age for a particular sport, in particular, freestyle wrestling. An attempt has been made to select psychological methods that made it possible to confi rm the expediency of using them in subsequent studies in this context. A certain dependence on the properties of strength or weakness of the nervous system of a number of personal-ity traits was obtained. Based on the work carried out, a certain psychological portrait of a freestyle wrestler was created.

Особливості прояву психоемоційного стану висококваліфікованих борців із урахуванням статевого диморфізму

Purpose: the manifestation of psycho-emotional state in elite wrestlers with taking into account of sexually dimorphism. Material and methods. 24 elite females athletes and 33 elite males athletes specializing in freestyle wrestling were examined. All athletes were members of the Ukrainian National Team. Mental states were studied using the Luscher test. Stress resistance was studied using the «Stress test» method. All tests used, including the hardware-software complex «Multipsychometr-05». Results: based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, it was determined that modern sports wrestling is characterized by a high level of physical and psycho-emotional stress of the athlete in the conditions of competitive activity, and the study of the psycho-emotional state is an important issue for building a training system. The presence of sexual dimorphism with the manifestation of a psycho-emotional state in elite wrestlers has been established. It has been found that due to mental anxiety, male wrestlers have higher values of mental fatigue and internal discomfort compared to female wrestlers. This fact indicates a connection between anxiety as a pre-stress condition that causes fatigue and mental discomfort. At the same time, a higher level of stress resistance was found in men compared to women. The results indicate that a higher level of stress resistance in men is due to a slower impulsivity. In women, a decrease in stress resistance is compensated by an increase in impulsivity. The presence of lower absolute values of the vegetative coefficient in women compared to men was revealed, which indicates a reduced level of tension of vegetative regulation, and, above all, activation of the sympathetic link of the autonomic nervous system. Conclusions. The presence of sexual dimorphism in the manifestation of the psychoemotional state among highly skilled wrestlers has been established. It was found that the presence of mental fatigue and anxiety in male wrestlers leads to emotional discomfort. A higher level of stress resistance was found in male wrestlers compared to female wrestlers. Stress resistance is formed in women by adaptive behavior, tension of the autonomic nervous system regulation and the balance of emotions. In men, stress resistance is ensured by mental focus. Keywords: wrestling, highly skilled, sexual dimorphism, psycho-emotional state, stress resistance.

Особливості спортивної кар’єри олімпійських чемпіонок у боротьбі жіночій

Purpose: to identify the features of the sports career of Olympic champions in women's wrestling. Material and Methods. The main materials for the study were personal indicators of the sports career of 18 Olympic champions in wrestling (data were taken from the official website of UWW (https://unitedworldwrestling.org)). Research methods: analysis and synthesis, documentary method, comparison, methods of mathematical statistics. The study analyzed the careers of 18 freestyle wrestlers from 5 Olympic Games who won the title of champion in these competitions. The study took into account all the performances at official competitions (continental championships and world championships in all age groups and the Youth Olympic Games) of wrestlers. Results: it was found that in 5 Olympic Games, which included women's wrestling in the program (since 2004), 18 athletes won 18 out of 24 possible Olympic gold titles. The youngest age of the first performance at official international competitions before the Olympic triumph among the studied athletes was 15 years old. The latest first performance in the international arena among the study participants was recorded at the age of 25. It was found that the period from the first performance at official competitions to the gold medal at the Olympic Games was 5-9 years. It was also found that the shortest period from the first performance in the international arena to winning the Olympic Games was 2 years, and the longest was 15 years. To win Olympic gold, athletes had to participate in 9 official international competitions on average. The average age at which female athletes won at the Olympics is 22. Conclusions. To win gold at the Olympics, highly skilled wrestlers usually need to participate in a fairly large number of international competitions. However, there are exceptions in history among female athletes who have managed to reach the highest podium much faster and with fewer international competitions. This largely depends on individual characteristics and the specifics of the wrestlers' training system. Keywords: free wrestling, women, highly qualified sportswomen, competition, Olympic Games.

The effect of Wrestling+ warm-up program on balance and proprioception of adolescent wrestlers

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of an 8-week Wrestling+ warm-up program on static-dynamic balance and proprioception of adolescent freestyle wrestlers. Methods: Twenty-four wrestlers (mean standard deviation for age: 15.8 0.8 years, and body mass index: 23.4 4.3 kg/ m2) participated in this study and were randomly divided into experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. The experimental group performed three sessions/week of the Wrestling+ warm-up program, while the control group performed routine warm-up exercises during each session. The balance error scoring system (BESS) test for static balance, the Y-test for dynamic balance, and an active angle reconstruction test for knee and ankle joint proprioception were used. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and pairedsamples t-test were used to compare the intergroup and intragroup differences, respectively, with a significance level set at p &lt; 0.05. Results: After the intervention, there were significant improvements in static balance (p &lt; 0.001) on both stable and unstable surfaces, and dynamic balance for the anterior (p = 0.047), posteromedial (p = 0.040), and posterolateral (p = 0.028) segments. Additionally, there was a significant reduction in proprioception errors during knee movements (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: The eight-week Wrestling+ warm-up program seems to have a positive effect on static and dynamic balance ability by improving knee joint proprioception in adolescent wrestlers. Hence, it is highly recommended to incorporate this specific warm-up program to enhance the performance of adolescent wrestlers and prevent injuries.

Тechnologies of use of physical training means of freestyle wrestlers in adolescent age

This article examines issues aimed at the development of free wrestling and the specifics of development at the teenage age. Which mainly depends on one of the most important biological factors - puberty, which begins at the age of 12-13 years. The process of puberty is accompanied by significant changes in the activity of all physiological systems, primarily the central nervous system. The initiator of puberty is the hypothalamus, which forms a single hypothalamic-pituitary system with the pituitary gland. They are not only the most important structure of the regular system of the brain, which is responsible for higher nervous and mental processes occurring in the human body, but are also the center of neuroendocrine regulation of physiological systems that ensure homeostasis. A sharp increase in the activity of the hypothalamus at the initial stage of puberty causes drastic changes in the functioning of all body systems.&#x0D; Physical education and sports training are specialized forms of managing the development of a person's physical, mental abilities and properties through the development of the culture of motor activity. The content, formulated goals, tasks, tools, methods and pedagogical technologies used in the educational and training process should be selected in accordance with the age and level of training of athletes.&#x0D; Special physical training is aimed at creating a special foundation, which will be necessary for effective performance of large training volumes invested in the development of special movement qualities required in a specific sport.&#x0D; Today, high sports results largely depend on the level of physical fitness of those who practice, and the main role in this process is given to timely specialization in one or another area of movements.

Building a model of the thigh muscles in terms of muscle size, testosterone ratio and the percentage of its contribution to level of strength for freestyle wrestlers

The aim of the study is to build a model of the thigh muscles in terms of muscle size, testosterone ratio and the percentage of its contribution to level of strength for freestyle wrestlers. The researchers used the descriptive method by designing two homogeneous groups (age, weight and height) and with one-time tests in order to build a model of the thigh muscles. Subject of the study was divided according to the thigh circumference, which included two groups, the first group had a thigh circumference of 60-65 cm, and the second group had a thigh circumference of 55-59 cm. The subject was chosen randomly from the study community, and they are the players of the Middle Euphrates clubs, with a number of (30) players, divided into two groups each group included (15) players. The variables were as follows: thigh muscle strength, testosterone percentage, and thigh circumference). The tests were conducted in one phases and during (Wednesday) corresponding to (15/3/2023) for the measurements and tests used in the study, and the statistical bag (SPSS) was used to perform the required statistical operations. The most important conclusion of the study is the presence of two types of circumference of the thigh muscles of the wrestling players, which are 60-65 and 55-59 cm, according to the subject that was dealt with and the researcher concluded that the thigh muscles with a circumference of 60-65cm are less productive of muscle strength compared to muscles with a circumference of 55-59cm.