Natural Framework Research Articles

Дифференциация плотности населения в пределах крупного города для выявления уровня антропогенной нагрузки (на примере Белгорода)

Residential areas occupy a special place in the planning structure of the city. The building density and the number of floors of houses have an impact on the architectural appearance of the city and the concentration of the population. However, the high population density indicates a significant pressure on the natural framework. The main objective of this article is to show the differences and heterogeneity of population density within the residential area of the city of Belgorod. To accomplish this task, a methodology for determining the population density in the private sector and blocks of high-rise buildings was developed. Using statistical data, the population of all apartment buildings is plotted on the map of the city, then, the city is divided into polygons that make up the residential area. The article proposes a methodological approach that allows taking into account the heterogeneity of the residential area – the private sector and high-rise buildings. The availability of statistical information on the number of registered residents of apartment buildings and the average size of a household made it possible to complete the task with a high percentage of accuracy. The results of this study do not take into account the migration of temporarily registered residents,students from othercities, etc. The population ofthecity, determined duringthestudy,was 333,692 people,which is lessthantheresult of the 2020 census (339,978 people); the accuracy of the study is 98.15%. More likely, this inaccuracy is due to the lack (or untimely updating) of the statistical information on new buildings. As a result, maps of population density and population distribution were constructed. The city is divided into areas that stand out due to the heterogeneity of the urban environment and the dominant mode of settlement. Through the analysis of the cartographic material, the features of the concentration and resettlement of the population were revealed. The approximate number of the population of the private sector and the main areas of settlement has been calculated.

Analysis of compressible bubbly flows. Part I: construction of a microscopic model

In this note, we introduce a microscopic model for the motion of gas bubbles in a viscous fluid. By interpreting a bubble as a compressible fluid with infinite shear viscosity, we derive a pde/ode system coupling the density/velocity/pressure in the surrounding fluid with the linear/angular velocities and radii of the bubbles. We provide a 1D analogue of the system and construct an existence theory for this simplified system in a natural regularity framework. The second part of the paper is a preparatory work for the derivation of an averaged or macroscopic model.

Natural Existence and Bioactivity of Flavonoids: Synthetic Strategies and Mechanistic Pathways

Abstract: A class of chemicals known as flavonoids is widely distributed in various portions of plants, cereals, and vegetables. They have varied phenolic structures and these flavonoid molecules are known for the well-being improvement in living things. Today, a wide range of pharmaceutical, medicinal, & cosmetic materials possessed these key ingredients, known as flavonoids. Flavonoids can modulate the bioactivity of essential enzymes & their properties such as anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, & anti-carcinogenic. The current patterns of flavonoid in research & development helps in the identification, isolation, characterization, & functions of flavonoids as well as their applications for better biological activities. In this article, we have discussed the natural existence and structural frameworks of the different classes of potential bioactive flavonoids. In addition to this, different synthetic strategies, and their mechanistic pathways for the preparation of different classes of flavonoids are also discussed thoroughly here. Owing to its tremendous natural existence and bioactivity, more research is still needed to further explore the usefulness of flavonoids for human wellness. The major challenge with the study of such flavonoids is the diversity of molecular structures & scarcity of data on their bioavailability. However, this article will be helpful for understanding the chemical aspect and several potential bioactivities of flavonoids

Environmental conflicts in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation in the field of energy, economic and environmental security

The subject of the article is the provisions of strategic planning documents in the field of ensuring national, environmental, energy and economic security, as well as the provisions of strategic planning documents dedicated to the Russian Arctic. The purpose of the work is to study the above-mentioned documents, identify environmental conflicts consisting in their provisions and develop proposals for their resolution and prevention. The methodological basis of the study is based on the system of methods, means of cognition and logical techniques, in the process of work general scientific, private and special methods were used. Such as synthesis, analysis, deduction, analogy, induction, formal legal and others. The relevance of the research topic is indicated by the fact that the Arctic plays an important role in ensuring Russia's strategic national interests in such areas as the economy, transport, environmental protection, defense, and a number of others. Many aspects of Russia's national security depend on the state of the environment of the Russian Arctic, as well as on the implementation of economic activities on its territory, therefore, the resolution and prevention of environmental conflicts concerning this region is an important and urgent task, since without a balance of interests in this area, both the sustainable development of the Russian Arctic and preservation of its unique natural environment seems unlikely. The paper concludes that in order to resolve the main law-making environmental conflict that takes place in the strategic documents under consideration, it is necessary to exclude from the list of threats (challenges) to economic and energy security such a factor as redundancy of requirements in the field of environmental safety and the increase in the costs of their implementation. In turn, in order to ensure a balance of interests in the implementation of nature management and environmental protection in the Russian Arctic, it is proposed to use the best available technologies, as well as the natural and ecological framework of the territory.

The conjunction of Rationality and Mysticism in the Heart Sutra: An Epistemological Exploration

This study delves into the philosophical and epistemological interpretation of the Heart Sutra, emphasizing the conjunction between rational and mystical thought processes. The paper illustrates how the Sutra promotes an intertwined understanding of reality through textual analysis and comparative discussion involving Eastern and Western philosophical perspectives. The exploration reveals that the Heart Sutra serves as a profound guide, advocating for a balanced comprehension that integrates empirical rationality and mystical insight. The findings suggest that the notion of 'Shunyata' or emptiness encapsulates a complex relational understanding of being, where rational knowledge and mystical experiences are not only coexistent but mutually inclusive. This conjunctive approach challenges the conventional boundaries of epistemic thought and offers a comprehensive framework for understanding reality's multifaceted nature. This research contributes to the broader discourse on integrating traditional philosophical insights with contemporary epistemological frameworks, enriching both academic and practical understanding of spiritual texts.

Consumer-Perceived Risks and Sustainable Development of China’s Online Gaming Market: Analysis Based on Social Media Comments

Online gaming constitutes an indispensable facet of China’s digital economy, catalyzing consumer discussions on social media platforms. This study employs a comprehensive natural language processing framework, encompassing topic mining, multi-label classification, and sentiment analysis, to evaluate consumers’ psychological perceptions of the risks associated with online games through social media comments. This study identifies 11 distinct perceived risk topics, including “Excessive Temptation”, “Entry Regulation”, and “Culture Implantation”. Numerous comments encompass multiple topics, each infused with diverse emotional inclinations, thus unveiling disparate consumer perspectives. These findings underscore the critical significance of addressing potential perceived risks and mitigating negative consumer emotions for enterprises operating within online gaming. Such measures are pivotal to maintaining a brand image, business reputation, and enduring growth. Furthermore, this study extends valuable insights to regulatory bodies, contributing to enhancing administrative efficiency, safeguarding consumer rights, and fostering a robust and sustainable trajectory within China’s online gaming market.

On the quantum simulation of complex networks

Quantum walks provide a natural framework to approach graph problems with quantum computers, exhibiting speedups over their classical counterparts for tasks such as the search for marked nodes or the prediction of missing links. Continuous-time quantum walk algorithms assume that we can simulate the dynamics of quantum systems where the Hamiltonian is given by the adjacency matrix of the graph. It is known that such can be simulated efficiently if the underlying graph is row-sparse and efficiently row-computable. While this is sufficient for many applications, it limits the applicability for this class of algorithms to study real world complex networks, which, among other properties, are characterized by the existence of a few densely connected nodes, called hubs. In other words, complex networks are typically not row-sparse, even though the average connectivity over all nodes can be very small. In this work, we extend the state-of-the-art results on quantum simulation to graphs that contain a small number of hubs, but that are otherwise sparse. Hopefully, our results may lead to new applications of quantum computing to network science.

Physics-informed graph convolutional neural network for modeling geometry-adaptive steady-state natural convection

This paper presents a novel deep learning-based surrogate model for steady-state natural convection problem with variable geometry. Traditional deep learning based surrogate models are more or less limited by the requirement for large amounts of training data, loss of accuracy due to pixelization of the original data, the low accurate prediction near the boundaries and low geometry adaptive capability. To overcome the above challenges, the proposed natural convection prediction framework is mainly composed of a physics-informed neural network (PINN) and a graph convolutional neural network (GCN), called natural convection prediction model based on physics-informed graph convolutional network (NCV-PIGN). The GCN serves as the prediction module, inferring and predicting natural convection phenomena by considering the interactions between unstructured nodes and their neighbor; the PINN incorporates the governing equations of natural convection into the loss function of the neural network, allowing the predictions from GCN to satisfy the constraints imposed by the physical laws. The advantages of this framework are twofold: the operation principles of the GCN better align with the development of the temperature field in real situations, and the embedding of physical information strengthens the model's understanding of the flow field, accurately describing the variations of temperature gradients at the boundary positions while reducing the model's reliance on training data. Finally, to validate the superiority of the NCV-PIGN, we analyze its geometric adaptability and accuracy of prediction using single and dual heat source cases. We compare the model's prediction results at different sampling point quantities and contrast them with those of purely data-driven models. The results demonstrate that the excellent geometric adaptability and prediction capability of the proposed model can be achieved with only 20 training data and once the fully trained the model can solve natural convection problems within 3 ms. The max and mean relative errors in predicting the temperature field are less than 2% and 0.4% for both single and dual heat source cases. Compared to the pure data-driven model, the proposed model has reduced the maximum error by 65.5% and the mean error by 72%. These results validate the effectiveness of the developed NCV-PIGN model, enabling better performance of the deep learning-based surrogate models for natural convection problems.

Transforming our world? Strengthening animal rights and animal welfare at the United Nations

In this article, we argue that animal rights and welfare are largely neglected at the United Nations (UN) and in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The UN Sustainability Agenda is not transformative because it lacks a serious (re-)consideration of the relationship between human beings, non-human animals and other components of nature. We propose four ways to strengthen animal rights and animal welfare at the UN: (1) we suggest creating a UN organisation working on animal protection, (2) we support earlier ideas to include an additional SDG on animal welfare in the UN Sustainability Agenda, (3) we propose to strengthen animals rights within the rights of nature framework using the UN as a forum to advance non-anthropocentric norms, (4) we recommend introducing procedural rights for animals in projects linked to SDG funding. Our research is based on an integrative literature review and a document analysis of UN documents, declarations and resolutions.

Of scale and discourse: China’s ecological civilization and the struggle for development in Anshun

ABSTRACT This paper elucidates an analytical framework of the material-discursive nature of scalar struggles by interrogating how the leaders of the Chinese city of Anshun responded to their central government’s vision of building an ecological civilization. While they invoked some scales to articulate the city’s environmental commitment and leadership, thereby unlocking political advantages associated with ecological civilization construction, they prioritized other scales to justify expanding the city’s economy despite its fragile environment. To distinguish the diverse ways discourses contributed to a multi-scalar fix of Anshun’s development, this paper underscores two material aspects of scalar discourses. First, for its purpose of engagement with scale, each scalar discourse invokes a particular framing function of scale: as level of regulation, scope of analysis, or horizon of political mobilization. Second, for its strategy of engagement with scale, each scalar discourse engages differently with the inherent scalar institutions and practices, from preserving to challenging them.

A GIS based Morphometric Analysis of Thamirabarani River Basin, Tuticorin district, Tamilnadu, India, using CARTOSAT-1 DEM Data and ArcGIS

Due to its use in numerous geological and biological contexts, morphometric analysis has drawn more attention in recent years. It offers perception into process-associated modifications together with catchment assessment, runoff, infiltration, watershed development, natural and structural frameworks. Study of the Thamirabarani river is composed of Achaean crystalline rocks in the west and tertiary and quaternary sedimentary rocks on the east coast. In the current work, a morphometric analysis of the Thamirabarani river was performed to describe the various surface processes that cut the watershed into the river topography. Catchments were defined using Cartosat data and Arc GIS 10.4.1. This study shows that the stream varied from 1 to 5 (I-357, II-89, III-21, IV-9 and V-3) orders. According to the mean bifurcation ratio, the stream is topographical and complex regulated in its shallower parts. The analyzed basin's high permeability is explained by the studied basin's low current frequency values. Plate erosion rather than channel erosion can be seen in overland flow lengths (>0.14) and rough textures can be seen in drainage patterns. Asymmetric and extended basins with neotectonic activity are indicated by analysis of measured parameters using morphometry. Therefore, various interpretations are produced based on morphometric test of the Thamirabarani stream system to help provide information pertinent to social benefits.

Debiased inference on heterogeneous quantile treatment effects with regression rank scores

Abstract Understanding treatment effect heterogeneity is vital to many scientific fields because the same treatment may affect different individuals differently. Quantile regression provides a natural framework for modelling such heterogeneity. We propose a new method for inference on heterogeneous quantile treatment effects (HQTE) in the presence of high-dimensional covariates. Our estimator combines an ℓ1-penalised regression adjustment with a quantile-specific bias correction scheme based on rank scores. We study the theoretical properties of this estimator, including weak convergence and semi-parametric efficiency of the estimated HQTE process. We illustrate the finite-sample performance of our approach through simulations and an empirical example, dealing with the differential effect of statin usage for lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels for the Alzheimer’s disease patients who participated in the UK Biobank study.

New Techniques and Applications of Bioprocess inspired Manufacturing and Synthesis

Manufacturing and designing bio-inspired materials has been successful in the past two decades due to the techniques, which focus on emulating well-defined geometries or specific functionalities of real biological materials. Additionally, in contrast to our human technologies, which often need severe circumstances, biological structure-forming techniques in natural frameworks may produce biomaterials effectively and correctly in ecologically benign conditions. Thus, bioprocess-inspired fabrication has been suggested as a new research area in recent years to explore natural structure-forming processes in order to develop unique approaches for manufacturing sophisticated materials with different morphologies and functionalities. In this paper, we focus on reviewing the principles, techniques, and applications of bioprocess-inspired manufacturing and synthesis. This paper also reviews the process of biomineralization, which is an application of bioprocess-inspired fabrication used by living organisms in establishing biominerals such as shells, bones, diatoms, and teeth. This survey has aim to critically discuss bio-process-inspired to cover the dearth of literature in this area of research.

Formation of a recreational component in the natural and ecological framework of an industrial area in order to ensure its sustainable development

In the article, the necessity to improve the system of natural and ecological framework of Nefteyugansky district, Russia, is substantiated. It is caused, on the one hand, by the increased degradation of natural (land) resources under anthropogenic and technogenic impact of oil and gas complex, and, on the other hand, by the real need to develop tourist and recreational infrastructure in the economy and nature management of the district. The purpose of the study is to analyze the state of the land and property complex of the district, including an assessment of its natural resource, tourist, recreational, and socio-economic potential. Using domestic and foreign experiences, the authors propose a number of techniques that allow investigating the supporting frameworks as the basis for formation and development of a municipal district; determining the actual state of the natural and ecological framework; studying trends in the development of the economy, and the possibilities of expanding the socio-economic sphere regarding tourist and recreational activities, which, in turn, will allow optimizing the existing system of natural and ecological framework in the near future. A comprehensive landscape and ecological approach to improving the natural and ecological framework of the municipal district based on the formation of a tourist and recreational component in its structure, as well as optimization of natural and economic systems, will ensure the most sustainable development of the studied territory.

On a paradox in quantum mechanics and its resolution

Consider a free Schrödinger particle inside an interval with walls characterized by the Dirichlet boundary condition. Choose a parabola as the normalized state of the particle that satisfies this boundary condition. To calculate the variance of the Hamiltonian in that state, one needs to calculate the mean value of the Hamiltonian and that of its square. If one uses the standard formula to calculate these mean values, one obtains both results without difficulty, but the variance unexpectedly takes an imaginary value. If one uses the same expression to calculate these mean values but first writes the Hamiltonian and its square in terms of their respective eigenfunctions and eigenvalues, one obtains the same result as above for the mean value of the Hamiltonian but a different value for its square (in fact, it is not zero); hence, the variance takes an acceptable value. From whence do these contradictory results arise? The latter paradox has been presented in the literature as an example of a problem that can only be properly solved by making use of certain fundamental concepts within the general theory of linear operators in Hilbert spaces. Here, we carefully review those concepts and apply them in a detailed way to resolve the paradox. Our results are formulated within the natural framework of wave mechanics, and to avoid inconveniences that the use of Dirac’s symbolic formalism could bring, we avoid the use of that formalism throughout the article. In addition, we obtain a resolution of the paradox in an entirely formal way without addressing the restrictions imposed by the domains of the operators involved. We think that the content of this paper will be useful to undergraduate and graduate students as well as to their instructors.

How Many Cliques Can a Clique Cover Cover?

This work examines the problem of clique enumeration on a graph by exploiting its clique covers. The principle of inclusion/exclusion is applied to determine the number of cliques of size $r$ in the graph union of a set $\mathcal{C} = \{c_1, \ldots, c_m\}$ of $m$ cliques. This leads to a deeper examination of the sets involved and to an orbit partition, $\Gamma$, of the power set $\mathcal{P}(\mathcal{N}_{m})$ of $\mathcal{N}_{m} = \{1, \ldots, m\}$. Applied to the cliques, this partition gives insight into clique enumeration and yields new results on cliques within a clique cover, including expressions for the number of cliques of size $r$ as well as generating functions for the cliques on these graphs. The quotient graph modulo this partition provides a succinct representation to determine cliques and maximal cliques in the graph union. The partition also provides a natural and powerful framework for related problems, such as the enumeration of induced connected components, by drawing upon a connection to extremal set theory through intersecting sets.

CTHP: Selection for adoption of open‐source bioinformatics software based on a customised ISO 25010 quality model, three‐way decision and Delphi hierarchy process

AbstractThe ever‐growing open‐source software tools in different domains increase the difficulty of software selection from the end‐users perspective. The process of evaluating, comparing, and selecting open‐source solutions is far from trivial. Especially, when additional requirements need to be considered, the existing methodologies will fail to adapt to the new tasks. The objective of this study is to present a solution for dealing with this issue. A novel approach, CTHP, is presented for the evaluation and selection of open‐source software in the Bioinformatics domain. First, the ISO 25010 quality model is chosen as the basis. This model is customised according to the special characteristics of the Bioinformatics applications. The customisation is done by extracting the quality factors from the Bioinformatics applications, weighting these factors from the viewpoints of both developers and end‐users, and adding them to the model. After that, Three‐way Decision and Delphi Hierarchy Process are integrated to assist in the selection for adoption. Finally, as a case study, the proposed approach is applied to assist the decision‐making process of two popular natural language processing frameworks in the Bioinformatics area. Our study is a valuable contribution since it provides a systematic way to document the decision‐making process and help the researchers and practitioners of Bioinformatics to make better decisions among the alternatives.

Emergent Quantized Communication

The field of emergent communication aims to understand the characteristics of communication as it emerges from artificial agents solving tasks that require information exchange. Communication with discrete messages is considered a desired characteristic, for scientific and applied reasons. However, training a multi-agent system with discrete communication is not straightforward, requiring either reinforcement learning algorithms or relaxing the discreteness requirement via a continuous approximation such as the Gumbel-softmax. Both these solutions result in poor performance compared to fully continuous communication. In this work, we propose an alternative approach to achieve discrete communication -- quantization of communicated message. Using message quantization allows us to train the model end-to-end, achieving superior performance in multiple setups. Moreover, quantization is a natural framework that runs the gamut from continuous to discrete communication. Thus, it sets the ground for a broader view of multi-agent communication in the deep learning era.

Tech for Collaboration

The utilization of Indigenous Knowledge in natural resource management frameworks, including environmental assessments, is increasingly being recognized as an important asset by the environmental community. This is because Indigenous Knowledge, which has been developed over generations by Indigenous communities, can lead to the development of more effective and equitable resource management practices that are aligned with local needs, cultural values, and ecological knowledge. At the same time, Participatory Geographic Information Systems (PGIS) are also emerging as a valuable tool for storing and mobilizing information towards natural resource management. Considering shifts in the environmental community around natural resource management and the use of IK, and the potential of PGIS, the incorporation of Indigenous Knowledge into PGIS raises important ethical questions regarding knowledge ownership and sharing, and there are challenges and limitations to implementing Indigenous Knowledge-based PGIS platforms. This research paper seeks to explore the application of Indigenous Knowledge in natural resource management through a scoping review or relevant literature, including case studies of PGIS platforms used by Indigenous communities, both in Canada and abroad. The paper addresses the following key questions: How can Indigenous Knowledge be applied towards natural resource management frameworks and environmental assessments? How can Indigenous knowledge be stored and mobilised within PGIS platforms for future generations? What are the challenges and limitations surrounding the implementation of Indigenous Knowledge within PGIS platforms in natural resource management? What are the ethics surrounding Indigenous Knowledge-based PGIS platforms? The paper reveals that integrating Indigenous Knowledge into natural resource management frameworks can lead to sustainable management practices. The paper also demonstrates that PGIS platforms have the potential to facilitate knowledge sharing and collaboration among communities, but their implementation requires careful considerations of the challenges and limitations associated within Indigenous Knowledge-based systems. Balancing the need to share knowledge across communities with protecting intellectual property rights and the cultural significance of Indigenous Knowledge is crucial. The implementation of PGIS platforms also requires significant technological infrastructure and skills, requiring significant human resources, which can be challenging for Indigenous communities with limited resources.

Markov-modulated marked Poisson processes for modeling disease dynamics based on medical claims data.

We explore Markov-modulated marked Poisson processes (MMMPPs) as a natural framework for modeling patients' disease dynamics over time based on medical claims data. In claims data, observations do not only occur at random points in time but are also informative, that is,driven by unobserved disease levels, as poor health conditions usually lead to more frequent interactions with the health care system. Therefore, we model the observation process as a Markov-modulated Poisson process, where the rate of health care interactions is governed by a continuous-time Markov chain. Its states serve as proxies for the patients' latent disease levels and further determine the distribution of additional data collected at each observation time, the so-called marks. Overall, MMMPPs jointly model observations and their informative time points by comprising two state-dependent processes: the observation process (corresponding to the event times) and the mark process (corresponding to event-specific information), which both depend on the underlying states. The approach is illustrated using claims data from patients diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by modeling their drug use and the interval lengths between consecutive physician consultations. The results indicate that MMMPPs are able to detect distinct patterns of health care utilization related to disease processes and reveal interindividual differences in the state-switching dynamics.