Health Framework Research Articles

Integrating one health with indigenous knowledge for improving public wellbeing – a review

PurposeThe interconnection between humans and animal has raised the concept of one health (OH) framework. The framework works at local, regional, national and global level with the aim to improve public health. However, while covering the OH approach, the knowledge of indigenous communities has not been given much attention. Despite of the fact that indigenous communities are living closely to ecosystem, their exceptional knowledge on OH has not been utilised. The present study has reviewed different studies to explore the prominent role of indigenous knowledge between the relationship of OH framework and public wellbeing.Design/methodology/approachThe present study is a narrative review which has included different quantitative and qualitative studies conducted in the area of OH field in concern to public health and indigenous knowledge. The present study has included the literature which is published in English language from the year 2001–2024 conducted in developed and developing countries.FindingsOn the basis of prevailing literature in the area, the present study has framed a model to integrate the OH with indigenous knowledge to improve public health. The model explains the concept of public wellbeing which is deeply rooted in the knowledge of indigenous communities associated with animal and veterinary care, ecological aspect, culture, religion, language, healing and wellness, food and nutrition practices.Research limitations/implicationsAfter considering the literature prevailing in concern to OH, it has been determined that OH approach is more prominent in scientific environment and laboratory equipment. The discipline of OH requires an inclusion from the researchers of social sciences and various behavioural fields. The present study has offered different factors which may act as an entry point for researchers to explore the field. Further, the study has suggested validating a comprehensive model offered by present study in empirical manner to improve public health.Originality/valueThe present study has highlighted the relevance of indigenous knowledge for promoting OH principles in public wellbeing. Also, the study has offered a model which can be utilised by future researchers to explore the relationship between OH, indigenous knowledge and public wellbeing.

Physical Health in Psychosis: a Perspective on the Recovery Paradigm.

This paper explores the intersection of physical health and recovery-oriented approaches in psychosis, offering a unique perspective through autoethnography. By combining personal experience with a broader analysis of existing mental health frameworks, the paper highlights the often overlooked importance of physical health in the recovery process for individuals with psychosis. The autoethnographic narrative reveals the complex challenges posed by antipsychotic medications, including weight gain and metabolic complications, and their impact on overall well-being. It emphasizes the dual stigma of mental health challenges and weight gain, highlighting the need for a more integrated, holistic approach to mental health care. Recommendations include enhanced education for healthcare providers, personalized care plans, and a multidisciplinary approach aimed at bridging the gap between physical and mental health in psychosis recovery.

Mapping Uncharted Territory in Later Life Disablement Trajectories: A Closer Look at Progressive Disease.

Aging research has conceptualized disablement via two primary frameworks. Paradigms of successful aging frame substantial disablement in aging as universally abnormal. These models have often been challenged as narrow and ableist, leaving out common experiences among people with chronic conditions. By contrast, steady decline paradigms frame substantial disablement in aging as universally normal. These models have invited challenges due to ageism inherent in automatically conflating older age and disability. Both frameworks juxtapose monolithic and rigid ideas of normalcy-and thus limit our understanding of dynamic possibilities in later life health and functioning. Given that people with progressive conditions often experience wide variability in daily status and inconsistency in long-term outcomes, current later-life disablement models may overlook such experiences. We thus propose additional nuance in later-life disablement modeling that brings innovative stochastic frameworks of daily health and functioning to longitudinal trajectory concepts. Using an "aging with progressive disease perspective," we outline gaps and opportunities in the current landscape of later-life disablement modeling. We then engage our standpoints from lived experience with progressive conditions to recommend new directions in conceptualizing relationships between aging and disability. Including such conditions in later-life disablement models can improve health care and supportive services for affected individuals.

GRADE guidance 40: The GRADE evidence-to-decision framework for environmental and occupational health

GRADE guidance 40: The GRADE evidence-to-decision framework for environmental and occupational health

Beyond Binary Models: A Bioethical Inquiry Into Neurodiversity and the Medical Framework in Mental Health.

Beyond Binary Models: A Bioethical Inquiry Into Neurodiversity and the Medical Framework in Mental Health.

Integrated Noise Management Strategies in Industrial Environments: A Framework for Occupational Safety, Health, and Productivity

Noise exposure in rubber manufacturing poses significant risks to worker health, safety, and productivity. This study explores these challenges via an integrated approach that combines task-based and group noise measurements as required by Directive 2003/10/EC, noise mapping, real-time monitoring, and worker feedback. Noise levels were found to range from 81 to 89 dB(A) across worker groups, with task-specific peaks exceeding 91 dB(A) near high-noise machinery. To mitigate these risks, engineering controls, including acoustic barriers and machine isolation, were proposed alongside administrative measures such as task rotation and improved access to personal protective equipment. The analysis demonstrated a link between noise levels and reduced productivity, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions. Integrating IoT sensors and AI for real-time noise monitoring offers opportunities to increase compliance, reduce exposure, and improve safety outcomes. Whilst engineering controls involve higher initial investments, cost‒benefit analysis highlights their long-term advantages in reducing health-related expenses and improving productivity. This study reinforces the importance of a proactive, worker-centered approach to noise management in rubber manufacturing, emphasizing sustainability, risk mitigation, and the adoption of innovative technologies to create safer and more efficient workplaces.

Integrating Social Determinants With the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide in a Study of Bipolar Outpatients.

Bipolar disorder, socioeconomic deprivation, and social isolation are major risk factors for suicide. The interpersonal theory of suicide (IPTS) posits perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as proximal causes of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, while the social determinants of health (SDOH) framework highlights distal socioeconomic factors. Studies of suicidality in bipolar disorder have used the IPTS and the SDOH framework, but few have integrated them to explore connections between distal and proximal factors. This study examined perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness as mediators of the relationship between cumulative socioeconomic risk and suicide risk. Participants were 171 outpatients in a United States (U.S.) bipolar clinic (mean age = 39.0, 69.6% female, 73.7% Black/African American). Cumulative socioeconomic risk, perceived burdensomeness, and thwarted belongingness were positively associated with suicide risk. Perceived burdensomeness mediated the relationship between cumulative socioeconomic risk and suicide risk, but thwarted belongingness did not. Findings broadly suggest the IPTS and the SDOH framework can be fruitfully integrated to guide research and prevent suicide. The pathway from cumulative socioeconomic risk to suicide risk via perceived burdensomeness warrants further attention, particularly for individuals diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Implications for future studies of the IPTS, SDOH, and suicidality are discussed.

Short-term effects of exergaming on patients with chronic low back pain: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Exergaming is increasingly popular, but its impact on chronic low back pain (CLBP) remain unclear. To evaluate the effectiveness of exergaming versus traditional exercise for managing CLBP using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. This single-blind, randomized controlled trial included 70 participants with CLBP, who were assigned to either the exergaming or traditional exercise group. Both groups received 2 weeks of treatment with six sessions. Assessments included the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), range of motion, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), balance (Biodex Stability System), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), and physical performance tests. After six sessions over 2 weeks, the exergaming group showed significant improvements over the exercise group in ODI (p<0.001), chair-rising time (p=0.001), stair ascent (p=0.025) and descent times (p<0.001), flexion (p=0.005), extension (p=0.001), balance (p=0.012), and FABQ subscales (physical activity: p=0.003; work: p<0.001) at the 3-month follow-up. Group×time interaction effects favored exergaming for ODI (p=0.012), chair-rising (p=0.045), stair ascent (p=0.010), and descent (p=0.002) times. While these changes did not meet clinical significance, exergaming was not inferior to traditional exercise in improving spinal motion, physical performance, fear-avoidance beliefs, and disability. Exergaming appears to be a viable supplementary therapy for patients with CLBP, offering benefits across all ICF domains. Future studies with longer intervention durations are needed to assess its long-term effects.

On the salience of international human rights frameworks to forensic mental health services: bridging paradigms and enhancing care

Forensic mental health services operate at the complex intersection of medical and legal disciplines, servicing populations with complex care needs. In line with the contemporary recovery movement in mental health services, increasingly rights-based approaches are being utilised to provide a guiding framework for service delivery. This paper aims to provide an overview of international human rights instruments that have influenced the development of forensic mental health frameworks of care in Australia and New Zealand, bridging the gap between historically risk-oriented approaches and contemporary models of mental health care. In both Australia and New Zealand, rights-based frameworks have prompted discussions and societal awareness that have informed principles, practices and guidelines of forensic mental health services, a step towards compliance with international human rights law. Nonetheless, contemporary human rights instruments offer potential for progressive social change that, arguably, remains under-utilised by existing frameworks of mental health care.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from dairy cattle milk: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have been detected in dairy cattle milk, raising concerns about public health risks. This study aimed to assess the global prevalence of CRE in dairy cattle milk through a systematic review and meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Retrieved articles from four databases were initially screened based on predefined inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis included 49 studies (2011-2024), covering 28,134 milk samples and 3462 Enterobacteriaceae isolates globally. Data from the full text were extracted to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet and analysed using the 'meta' R package in R v.4.3.0 software for pooled prevalence and subgroup meta-analysis with a random-effects for logit transformation. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q statistic (χ2), p-value and I2 statistic. Publication bias and sensitivity were evaluated using Egger's test, funnel plot, trim and fill plot, and leave-one-out test. Globally, the prevalence of CRE in dairy cattle milk was 0.73% (95% CI, 0.37-1.41). Subgroup meta-analysis based on continent, sample type, Enterobacteriaceae species, diagnostic method, antibiotic type, and interpretation guideline revealed no significant differences among the criteria within the subgroup. Although the overall pooled prevalence of CRE in dairy cattle milk is relatively low, it raises public health concern regarding raw milk consumption. This emphasizes the need for regular monitoring with in a One Health framework for CRE in the dairy industry to anticipate potential transmission between humans, animals, and the environment.

Privacy as a Matter of Public Health

This Article examines the striking parallels between contemporary privacy challenges and past public health crises involving tobacco, processed foods, and opioids. Despite surging state and federal privacy legislation, many of these new privacy law and policy activities follow familiar patterns: an emphasis on individual choice, narrowly defined rights and remedies, and a lack of holistic accounting of how privacy incursions affect society as a whole. We argue instead for a salutary shift in privacy law and advocacy: understanding privacy through the lens of public health. By tracing systemic factors that allowed industries to repeatedly subvert public welfare—from information asymmetries and regulatory capture to narratives of individual responsibility—we explore a fundamental rethinking of privacy protection. Our analysis of case studies reveals remarkable similarities between public health challenges of the past half-century or so and the ongoing consumer privacy crisis. We explore how public health frameworks emphasizing preventative policies and reshaping social norms around individual choices could inform privacy advocacy. To do so, we examine a spectrum of proposals to align privacy with public health, from adopting public health insights to provocatively reframing privacy violations as an epidemic threatening basic wellbeing. This Article offers a novel framework for addressing the current privacy crisis, drawing on the rich history and strategies of public health. In reframing privacy violations as a societal health issue rather than a matter of consumer choice, we see new avenues for effective regulation and protection. Our proposed approach not only aligns with successful public health interventions of the past but also provides a more holistic and proactive stance towards safeguarding privacy in the digital age.

A One Health approach for the genomic characterization of antibiotic-resistant Campylobacter isolates using Nanopore whole-genome sequencing

In response to the growing threat posed by the spread of antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic Campylobacter, a One Health approach was used to examine the genomic diversity, phylogenomic relationships, and the distribution of genetic determinants of resistance (GDR) in C. jejuni and C. coli isolates from humans, animals (ruminants, swine, and chickens), and avian food products collected during a regionally (Basque Country, Spain) and temporally (mostly 2021–2022) restricted sampling. Eighty-three C. jejuni and seventy-one C. coli isolates, most exhibiting resistance to ciprofloxacin and/or erythromycin, were whole-genome sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-fragment sequencing (ONT). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis identified a high genomic diversity among isolates. Phylogenomic analysis showed that clustering based on the core genome was aligned with MLST profiles, regardless of the sample source. In contrast, accessory genome content sometimes discriminated isolates within the same STs and occasionally differentiated isolates from different sources. The majority of the identified GDRs were present in isolates from different sources, and a good correlation was observed between GDR distribution and phenotypic susceptibility profiles (based on minimum inhibitory concentrations interpreted according to the EUCAST epidemiological cutoff values). Genotypic resistance profiles were independent of genotypes, indicating no apparent association between resistance and phylogenetic origin. This study demonstrates that ONT sequencing is a powerful tool for molecular surveillance of bacterial pathogens in the One Health framework.

The disparities and development trajectories of nations in achieving the sustainable development goals

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) provide a comprehensive framework for societal progress and planetary health. However, it remains unclear whether universal patterns exist in how nations pursue these goals and whether key development areas are being overlooked. Here, we apply the product space methodology, widely used in development economics, to construct an ‘SDG space of nations’. The SDG space models the relative performance and specialization patterns of 166 countries across 96 SDG indicators from 2000 to 2022. Our SDG space reveals a polarized global landscape, characterized by distinct groups of nations, each specializing in specific development indicators. Furthermore, we find that as countries improve their overall SDG scores, they tend to modify their sustainable development trajectories, pursuing different development objectives. Additionally, we identify orphaned SDG indicators — areas where certain country groups remain under-specialized. These patterns, and the SDG space more broadly, provide a high-resolution tool to understand and evaluate the progress and disparities of countries towards achieving the SDGs.

Occupational allergy and climate change.

Climate change influences working conditions in various ways, affecting employee health and safety across different sectors. Climatic factors like rising temperatures, increased UV radiation, and more frequent extreme weather events pose risks to in both indoor and outdoor workers. Allergic diseases of the respiratory tract and the skin may emerge due to climate change. This review summarizes current aspects of both direct and indirect consequences of climate change and associated exposures in diverse work environments, focusing on occupational allergies. Outdoor workers, in particular, are increasing susceptible to ubiquitous pollen allergens. Additionally, they may experience climate-related increases in allergens typically associated with specific workplaces, such as Cryptostroma corticale. Changes in production processes, along with altered workplaces exposures, can lead to new sensitizations and trigger allergies, representing indirect consequences of climate change. Furthermore, lifestyle changes aimed to promoting climate protection and sustainability (e.g. the introduction of insects as a protein source or using enzymes), may also contribute to the emergence of new allergens. The emergence of new occupational sensitization sources from novel or modified allergen exposures must be addressed within the framework of workplace safety and health, necessitating proactive measures to safeguard workers and mitigate risks.

Exploring the application of AI in the education of children with autism: a public health perspective

IntroductionAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents significant challenges in social communication and interaction, critically impacting the lives of children with ASD. Traditional interventions, such as Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) and Social Skills Training (SST), have been widely used to address social skill deficits in these children. While these methods are effective, they often require substantial resources, long-term engagement, and specialized expertise, which limit their accessibility and adaptability to diverse social contexts. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (Al), particularly Transformer-based models, offer a novel opportunity to enhance and personalize social skills training.MethodsThis study introduces a Public Health-Driven Transformer (PHDT) model specifically designed to improve social skills in children with ASD. By integrating public health principles with state-of-the-art Al methodologies, the PHDT model creates interventions that are adaptable, accessible, and sensitive to individual needs. Leveraging multi-modal data inputs-such as text, audio, and facialcues-PHDT provides real-time social context interpretation and adaptive feedback, enabling a more naturalistic and engaging learning experience.Results and discussionExperimental results reveal that PHDT significantly outperforms traditional methods in fostering engagement, retention, and social skill acquisition. These findings highlight PHDT's potential to improve social competencies in children with ASD and to revolutionize access to specialized support within public health frameworks. This work underscores the transformative impact of Al-driven, public health-oriented interventions in promoting equitable access to essential developmental resources and enhancing the quality of life for children with ASD.

From Farm to Community: Dispersal of Potentially Pathogenic Staphylococcus and Mammaliicoccus Species and Antimicrobial Resistance Across Shared Environments.

Staphylococcaceae are a diverse bacterial family with important implications for human and animal health. This study highlights the One Health relevance of their environmental dispersal, particularly, by identifying closely related or genetically identical strains circulating between farm and community environments. Environmental Staphylococcaceae strains were isolated from animal farms and interconnected areas within a university setting, both influenced by anthropogenic activities. Genetic diversity analysis via GTG5-PCR revealed that specific strains circulated across these environments, likely facilitated by human interaction, supporting the potential for cross-environmental bacterial transfer. The strains were further tested for antimicrobial resistance against a panel of antibiotics, biofilm formation, and the presence of resistance-associated genes. We identified a wide array of Staphylococcaceae species (n = 16), with over half being pathogenic to humans and animals, including S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus, and S. saprophyticus. Notably, 55.5% of the strains exhibited multidrug resistance, and 15.9% harbored the methicillin resistance gene mecA, underscoring the challenges these infections might pose to treatment. Biofilm-forming capabilities further enhance the environmental persistence of these strains. These findings underscore the critical need for surveillance and targeted intervention strategies in a One Health framework to mitigate antimicrobial resistance across shared environments.

Integration of Ethnopharmacology and One Health Approach for Rabies Control in Kualin, East Nusa Province

The ethnopharmacological approach and One Health framework offer a novel perspective with significant potential in controlling rabies cases in East Nusa (NTT), Indonesia. Traditional medicines rooted in local knowledge can complement existing prevention and treatment strategies. This descriptive study involved 20 respondents to explore local practices related to rabies treatment. The findings indicate that integrating ethnopharmacological insights with the One Health approach can contribute significantly to rabies control, particularly in Kualin Subdistrict, South Central Timor Regency, NTT. The study identified local practices, analyzed their integration with modern medical interventions, and educated the community about rabies prevention. These results highlight the importance of incorporating ethnopharmacological knowledge into public health programs while promoting cross-sectoral collaboration in human, animal, and environmental Health. Further research is needed to evaluate the efficacy of medicinal plants used by the community. Additionally, developing community-based educational programs and strengthening collaborations between the government, non-governmental organizations, and local communities are crucial for creating effective and sustainable strategies for rabies control in NTT.

Incorporating the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health framework into the local healthcare system: a position statement from the Hong Kong College of Physicians.

Incorporating the cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health framework into the local healthcare system: a position statement from the Hong Kong College of Physicians.

The Impact of Special Terminals on Community Health Empowerment in the Barito River Basin, Central Kalimantan Province: Advancing Community Well-Being

Objective: This study examines the impact of specialized terminals on public health in Barito Selatan Regency, with a focus on mitigating stunting and improving access to essential health services. It aims to optimize the role of these terminals in community empowerment, reducing stunting prevalence, alleviating poverty, and fostering a sustainable socio-economic ecosystem in alignment with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3 on Good Health and Well-being. Theoretical Framework: Grounded in social welfare and community empowerment theories, the study draws from Bentham’s utility, Sen’s capabilities, and Kartasasmita’s participation principles. Public health frameworks from Marmot, WHO, and Jones link health determinants, infrastructure, and welfare to guide the analysis. Method: A quantitative approach surveyed 400 households within 1 km of specialized terminals using structured questionnaires. Health resilience was assessed via the Berdaya Kesehatan indicator. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS 4.0 analyzed relationships among transport infrastructure, community empowerment, and social welfare. Results and Discussion: Findings reveal that specialized terminals significantly contribute to community health empowerment by enhancing access to healthcare, mitigating stunting, and improving social welfare. The results underscore the pivotal role of transport infrastructure and community-centered programs in promoting sustainable development. Research Implications: The study emphasizes the importance of integrated health programs, robust infrastructure, and CSR initiatives in improving public health outcomes. Policymakers are encouraged to prioritize investments in healthcare access, sanitation, and education to achieve sustainable and equitable impacts. Originality/Value: This research provides a novel perspective by linking specialized terminals and CSR initiatives to public health outcomes, offering actionable insights into innovative public-private partnerships to reduce disparities and enhance health resilience in pursuit of SDG 3.

The temporal and embodied structure of the mineness sphere: some phenomenological ideas to frame mental health

This article highlights the import of two phenomenological variables: the implicit temporal and bodily movement experience. Then, I propose some ideas to build a framework for mental health. The proposal begins by critically considering Stanghellini’s conception of alterity, as he defines its relation through two conditions: reflexive self-awareness and “spoken word” dialogue. This conception prioritizes mental health work in the reflexive realm. In contrast, my conception prioritizes the pre-reflective realm of experience, in general, and focuses on the mineness sphere, in particular. This conception leads to consider two of Husserl’s phenomenological findings: first, awareness has a temporal structure, and second, temporal experience is constituted from the flow of consciousness. These findings are considered in terms of their constitutive import to subjectivity through the two variables. Next, I propose a general idea for a phenomenological framework of mental health work, integrating the two phenomenological variables with the concepts of alterity and ipseity. The psychotherapeutic approach known as “rhythmic relating” is considered to illustrate the key clinical role these two variables play, supporting the general aim. The conclusion presents the consequences of the proposal.