City Framework Research Articles

Comparative Analysis Of Bumi Serpong Damai City (Bsd) And Nusantara Capital City (Ikn) In The Conceptual Framework Of Sustainable Cities

BSD and IKN City are new cities built in Indonesia with the concept of Sustainable Cities. This research will examine the concepts of BSD and IKN City and the physical development that has been carried out regarding their similarities and differences in the conceptual framework of a coherent city. Using descriptive analysis with purposive sampling. The results of the study found that the basic idea of sustainable cities is basically implemented in the concept and development of BSD and IKN City, especially in its attention to the environment and the application of smart technology in facilitating city management and social life of urban communities.

The tactical urbanism of urban collectives in Campinas for innovation districts

Based on the theoretical framework of Knowledge-Based Urban Development (KBUD), tactical urbanism, and smart cities, this article aims to explore the relationship between urban collectives in Campinas with the public sector, private sector, and the university. The focus is on their perception of the International Hub for Sustainable Development (HIDS), the Innovation and Sustainable Development Hub (PIDS); the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to promote their activities; technology parks and responsible innovation, in order to explore aspects that favor or hinder the development of quintuple helix innovation districts, where the participation of civil society and the integration of the environment are central elements to the innovation process. The research is qualitative and exploratory in nature, and the methodology used is participatory research, involving the following collectives: Coletivo Cuidadores da APP do Jardim Miriam, Brigada Popular Cachorro do Mato, Pé na Estrada Bike Clube, and Mobiliza Satélite. The results show that the collectives possess socio-environmental knowledge and engagement, despite the lack of effective support from the public sector, universities, or the private sector. There is an interest in greater involvement with universities, especially in the development of technologies with social and environmental impact. In this context, the collectives demonstrate potential to implement the quintuple helix innovation model. The results also highlight conflicts between collectives and the public sector, emphasizing the importance of creating permanent participatory forums to ensure democratic management in the territories of the collectives and their participation in innovation districts.

Environmental implications of residential to commercial land use succession on formal housing stock: A conceptual analysis

This study investigates the environmental implications of land use succession on formal housing stock. It is pursues to provide information that will assist in reducing or total elimination of the negative environmental impacts of land use succession on formal housing stock with the aim of enhancing housing and property investment decisions. The study methodology relied primarily on past issues relating to the environmental implications of residential to commercial land use succession on formal housing stock. The study looked at the concepts and theories related to the study. The study also examined Nigerian organizations and legal frameworks in charge of environmental activities. The study observed that the environmental implications resulting from residential succession by commercial land use among others includes; population displacement, traffic congestion, air pollution, noise pollution, water erosion, waste management issues, and climatic changes. The study suggests that the city’s relevant government entities should regulate, monitor, and control land use succession. Commercial and residential zones should be clearly defined in land use policies. There should be a sound legal framework for urban cities and more effective and efficient land use monitoring and management methods. In addition, individual land owners and investors/developers should be informed about the negative environmental impacts of land use succession on formal housing stock, thus preserving formal housing by reducing or eliminating population displacement and other negative environmental impacts.

Improving the resilience of urban transportation to natural disasters: the case of Changchun, China

This study quantitatively assesses the resilience of the urban transport system in Changchun under extreme climatic conditions, focusing on the impacts of natural disasters such as snowstorms, strong winds and extreme low temperatures on the transport system. The vulnerability, exposure, and emergency recovery capacity of the transport system in Changchun were analyzed by constructing a comprehensive assessment framework combining multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDM) and geographic information system (GIS). Based on the meteorological and traffic data of Changchun City in the past 10 years, key indicators such as traffic network density, emergency resource distribution, traffic flow, and extreme weather frequency were selected in this study. The weights were calculated by the improved hierarchical analysis method (AHP) and entropy weighting method, and finally the traffic resilience of Changchun city was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that there are significant spatial differences in the toughness of the transport system in Changchun, of which 38.6% of the areas have very low toughness and are concentrated in the urban fringe and urban–rural areas; 25.3% of the areas are at a medium level of toughness; and 5.4% of the areas show high toughness and are mainly located in the city center and important transport hubs. This study proposes transport resilience enhancement strategies for different areas of Changchun, with special recommendations for strengthening infrastructure development, optimizing traffic management and emergency response capacity in low resilience areas. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for Changchun to cope with future extreme climate challenges, and a reference framework for other cities with similar climatic conditions.

Assessing urban security and safety smartness: A systematic review of key performance indicators

AbstractThe smart city framework has become a key approach to addressing urbanisation challenges over the last 2 decades. While KPIs have been developed for various smart city dimensions, security and safety remain underexplored. This paper addresses this gap through a systematic review of KPIs. The study examines how urban security and safety smartness is assessed, focusing on three questions: (RQ1) What indicators measure urban security and safety smartness? (RQ2) In which smart city dimensions are these KPIs located? (RQ3) How are these KPIs defined and quantified? Using PRISMA guidelines, databases including Web of Science, Scopus, and IEEE Xplore were searched, yielding 2369 sources. After screening, 38 studies were analysed. A total of 182 unique KPIs were identified and categorised into crime prevention and control (53), perceptions of safety (11), emergency and disaster management (50), and cybersecurity (68). Most KPIs focus on city outcomes, with fewer addressing smart technology functionalities. Definitions and measurement approaches lack consensus. This review identifies gaps in defining and measuring smart urban security and safety. Standardising KPIs and incorporating technology‐specific metrics are key directions for future research.

AI-Based Energy Management and Prediction System for Smart Cities

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in smart city concepts in response to a growing demand for more sustainable and efficient urban spaces. In this paper, an in-depth exploration of load forecasting in an innovative city framework is carried out through the building of a software application with a graphical user interface (GUI) and prediction using long short-term memory (LSTM). To fulfill their role in enabling intelligent cities, accurate load forecasting is needed to enable energy management, reduce peak demand, and allow for well-informed decisions and energy distribution optimization. Specifically, in this work, we consider the application of LSTM to load forecasting systems within the context of a smart city. Since LSTM has a high capability in capturing complicated temporal structures, it is indeed an efficient approach to load forecasting, especially considering long-term dependencies. We focus on the strength of LSTM in comparison with the traditional statistical analysis and other machine learning techniques, most notably, LSTM’s ability to handle nonlinear and dynamic load behavior typical in innovative city energy systems. The GUI is the system's front end where the user enters the data, and at this point, we have the city officials, energy managers, and the community people and get their customized load forecast. The discussion of the outcomes of the experiment with the cross-platform GUI application and the improved LSTM forecasting model is given. Based on the evaluation of the model in terms of accuracy and performance, the research is done in an accepted manner to predict the complex load pattern in a smart city environment by proving the efficiency of the LSTM model. The effectiveness of different decisions in various cases is evaluated to consider the influence on decision-making processes and energy optimization; various cases demonstrate how the proposed GUI application is helpful in facilitating better management of energy. This research will, therefore, endeavor to create knowledge in the area of energy management to foster the development of effective intelligent cities.

Exploring Issues for Sustainable Smart City Development: A Resident-Centric Case Study in Hetauda

This study explores the challenges and opportunities for sustainable smart city development in Hetauda, Nepal, through a resident-centric approach. Using surveys and interviews, it investigates urban issues, residents’ preferences for smart solutions, and their readiness to adopt new technologies. The findings reveal critical challenges, including inadequate healthcare, traffic congestion, poor drainage systems, lack of higher education institutions, and limited digitization in government services. Residents emphasized the need for smart healthcare systems, advanced traffic management, and improved public transportation, highlighting a preference for solutions that address both social and environmental concerns. The study underscores the importance of resident engagement in planning and decision-making, recommending mechanisms like public forums and citizen advisory boards to ensure inclusive development. It also calls for capacity building within local governments and transparent communication to address resident anxieties. By prioritizing public needs and integrating green technologies, Hetauda can create a smart city framework that enhances quality of life while promoting sustainability. This research provides valuable insights for policymakers, emphasizing a resident-driven approach to urban transformation. Its implications extend beyond Hetauda, offering lessons for other underdeveloped regions seeking to balance technological advancements with social and environmental goals in their journey towards sustainable urban development.

A systematic review of the 15-minute city framework: implications for environmental heritage preservation in the Anthropocene

ABSTRACT The 15-minute city model proposes a transformative urban planning framework aimed at reducing car dependency, enhancing accessibility, and promoting sustainability. Despite its alignment with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs), empirical and quantitative validations of its environmental benefits remain scarce. This study employs a hybrid methodology that combines systematic literature review, topic modelling, and sentiment analysis to examine the capacity of the model to mitigate environmental challenges. The systematic review identified three main thematic areas in the literature: (1) decarbonization and environmental impacts, (2) sustainability and resilience, and (3) urban planning and accessibility. While the model has been widely discussed, only 10.2% of the literature focuses on environmental outcomes, revealing a significant research gap. Topic modelling further uncovers five core themes mostly related to urban planning and mobility, where critical environmental terms like ‘emissions’, ‘sustainability’, and ‘decarbonization’ are notably absent, reinforcing the lack of focus on the model’s ecological contributions. Sentiment analysis reveals a cautiously optimistic tone in scholarly discourse, with researchers recognizing the model’s theoretical promise but expressing reservations about its real-world efficacy in addressing climate change. Therefore, this study highlights the urgent need for context-specific empirical and quantitative investigations to quantify a 15-minute city’s contribution to reducing emissions and promoting environmental resilience in the long term. This study provides data-driven insights to guide policymakers and urban planners in making informed decisions regarding sustainable urban development in the Anthropocene epoch.

Urban Agriculture and Local Food Systems: A Bibliometric Analysis of Research on Sustainable Cities

Urban agriculture and local food systems are pivotal in addressing the challenges of urbanization, food insecurity, and environmental sustainability in modern cities. This study employs a bibliometric analysis to explore the intellectual landscape of research on urban agriculture and its integration into sustainable city frameworks. Using the Scopus database, this study examines publication trends, co-authorship networks, and thematic clusters to identify core research themes, key contributors, and emerging trends. The findings reveal that urban agriculture significantly contributes to food security, climate change mitigation, and community resilience, while also facing challenges such as land scarcity, soil contamination, and economic viability. Policy integration and innovative technologies, including vertical farming and hydroponics, are identified as essential for scaling urban agriculture initiatives. Despite substantial progress, research gaps remain in economic impact analysis, policy frameworks, and digital technology adoption. This study provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and urban planners, emphasizing the interdisciplinary and collaborative efforts required to enhance the role of urban agriculture in sustainable urban development.

Rationale for Selecting Taiping, Perak as a Study Location for Ageing: A Conceptual Framework for Age-Friendly Cities

This conceptual paper explores the rationale for selecting Taiping, Perak, Malaysia, as a study location for ageing research within the framework of the World Health Organization's (WHO) Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFCC). Taiping’s rich historical and demographic context and designation as the pilot site for Malaysia’s Age-Friendly City initiative in 2019 highlight its potential as a model for studying ageing in place. This research aims to analyse Taiping's unique characteristics, such as its ageing population, urban design, and social structures, to evaluate its readiness to meet the needs of older adults. The study highlights key factors influencing Taiping’s selection, including community support systems, social participation opportunities, accessible infrastructure, and alignment with WHO’s eight AFCC domains. Preliminary findings suggest that while Taiping exhibits promising features, such as strong community engagement and a well-preserved historical environment, gaps remain in integrating age-friendly practices and policies. This paper addresses these gaps by proposing a conceptual framework tailored to Taiping’s context, aiming to enhance urban planning and policy development for ageing populations. By doing so, it contributes to the global discourse on age-friendly urban environments and offers practical implications for policymakers in Malaysia and beyond.

Potential of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) in Medan City's Waste Management Strategy

Medan City faces significant waste management challenges, with increasing waste volumes and limited landfill capacity creating an urgent need for sustainable solutions. This study evaluates the potential of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) technology as an alternative waste management strategy. Using a qualitative descriptive approach and SWOT analysis, the research explores the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with RDF implementation in Medan City. The findings highlight that RDF technology can reduce landfill waste by up to 86%, decrease carbon emissions, and create economic opportunities, such as new jobs and cost efficiencies in waste management. However, significant challenges remain, including high initial investment costs, limited infrastructure, and low public awareness of waste segregation. Government support, private sector partnerships, and community participation are identified as critical factors for successful RDF implementation. Quantitative analysis of RDF production data from the Terjun Final Disposal Site (FDS) reveals that from October 2022 to December 2023, a cumulative 146,727 kg of RDF was produced, achieving daily waste reduction of over 1 ton. This aligns with global circular economy goals by transforming waste into energy while mitigating environmental degradation. This research provides a framework for cities seeking to adopt RDF technology, emphasizing the integration of environmental, economic, and social strategies. By leveraging strengths and opportunities, Medan City can position RDF as a model for sustainable waste management and energy transition.

Smart city frameworks SWOT analysis: a systematic literature review

In the past decade, the concept of “smart cities” has gained popularity as a way to address and manage challenges and complexities in urban areas. Different smart city frameworks have been proposed and the term “framework” has been defined, examined and proposed in various ways, with each interpretation taking a distinct approach. From a different angle, some frameworks highlight how the smart city concept is implemented, while others concentrate on assessing the initiatives’ level of success. An additional collection of frameworks concentrated on the essential elements needed to make up a smart city. This research explicitly analyses frameworks concentrating on fundamental components to identify and suggest essential elements for developing an adaptable, sustainable smart city structure. Using a methodological approach that focused on the core elements of smart city structure, the research comprised of conducting a systematic literature review (SLR), and carrying out an analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) of existing frameworks. Based on the area of focus, the analysed frameworks were grouped into four categories: human-centric, techno-centric, integrated human-techno-centric and environmental-focus frameworks for easy SWOT analysis. The findings revealed that cyber-security issues pose threats to all frameworks and there are technological dependency vulnerabilities. This shows that technology is the driver/enabler of achieving smart city status. In addition, with the help of proper governance and effective management, involving citizens is key to releasing the potential for sustainable smart forms. Hence, the authors believe that technology, good governance, environmental concerns and citizens are essential components of an adaptable, sustainable smart city framework. A framework built on these crucial components is unique because it can be customised to fit any city. Management, infrastructural development and degree of public participation depend on different city configurations.

TRANSFORMATION OF THE GARDEN CITY CONCEPT IN KHARKIV IN THE FIRST THIRD OF THE 20TH CENTURY

This study explores the evolution of the garden city concept through examples found in the Kharkiv region, examining how socio-cultural and socio-political factors influenced their development. By analyzing little-known settlements in the Kharkiv region from the first third of the 20th century, the research demonstrates how the garden city concept was gradually transformed into the idea of a socialist city. The article outlines four distinct stages in the development of Kharkiv’s residential areas, marking the shift from a garden city to a socialist city framework. A central focus of the study is the need to reconsider both the garden city and socialist city models when planning the development of current urban structures. Emphasis is placed on the importance of aligning these models with strategies rooted in sustainable development. The knowledge of these historical urban concepts is particularly relevant today as we seek new approaches to decentralizing settlements and production, especially in the context of Ukraine's post-war reconstruction efforts. The research suggests that these urban models could play an important role in revitalizing the cooperative movement, enabling self-financing communities to rebuild and expand existing settlements in a way that promotes sustainability and long-term prosperity. By applying the principles of the garden Ukraine can foster decentralized, sustainable, and independent communities, laying the foundation for a more positive and resilient future. This approach could help address contemporary challenges by blending historical urban planning insights with modern needs for sustainable growth and community resilience. Keywords: Kharkiv, Garden City, Socialist City, Sustainable Development.

Insights from the co-creation process in communities of practice for urban water management

This article presents a practical case of a co-creation process within the framework of the European project Digital Water City (DWC). DWC sought to address the context and challenges of water in Europe with a participatory approach of co-creation as an integral part of Communities of Practice. To situate the concepts within their theoretical framework, the different approximations of co-creation and Communities of Practice (CoPs) are examined. The article analyzes the ways in which they have been used and applied in DWC as well as the ways in which the project has managed to articulate them at different levels. It discusses what has been done so far, whether the objectives related to co-creation have been achieved, what its added value to the project was, and the possible obstacles and successes. In order to gather this information, five case studies are presented and illustrated with a questionnaire that was carried out with the cities, researchers and key innovators. Results show that DWC´s co-creation process succeeded in incorporating end-users’ needs into the development of the digital solutions created, giving them a constructive role in the value-creation process, and bringing together different stakeholders from public and private sectors as well as researchers. It was also highlighted that the process and its format need to be adapted to each specific context and a culture of co-creation needs first to be established. The co-creation process and the DWC CoPs also raise governance questions and create new partnerships.

Exploring the inequality in fine-grained primary healthcare accessibility in Macau based on high-resolution geospatial data under the 15-minute city framework

Exploring the inequality in fine-grained primary healthcare accessibility in Macau based on high-resolution geospatial data under the 15-minute city framework

Adapting Cities for Older Adults Through Universal Design.

In the coming decades, population ageing will shape our cities and communities. In Finland, and in the other Nordic countries, the cohort of population 75 years old and older is increasing fastest in the urban areas. This demographic development will have impact on design of urban environment and housing, as well as on local services and transport. The WHO has recognized this challenge and launched the global network of Age Friendly Cities and Communities. The WHO proposes eight factors supporting older population that are interlinked. This paper focus on the three of the eight factors of age-friendliness directly related to the built environment: housing, access to outdoor environments and transport. The objective is to assess through case studies how has the Age-friendly cities framework promoted inclusive design of the cities. The research question is: How have the qualitative factors for age-friendliness been implemented in the urban environment? and How does the Age-friendly Cities framework shape the urban environment in the case study cities? The project uses qualitative case study methods involving users. The assessment of the quality of the environment is carried out with mixed methods: through city age-friendly policies, observations on site, and user participation. The analyses are based on Universal Design principals and the WHO framework. The objective is to provide further information on the practical measures to enhance age-friendliness through urban design and universally designed living environments. The overall aim is to promote sustainable and age-friendly urban environments through user knowledge and best practice examples.

The Evolution of On-Demand Platforms: Conceptual Framework, Regulatory Challenges, and Policy Implications in the Digital Economy

Digital platforms currently form the cornerstone of what is referred to as 'platform economics,' progressively assuming a central role in the city's economy, experiential landscape, and governance. On-demand platforms play a pivotal role in elevating the level of digital sophistication among citizens. This article extends the current research on on-demand service markets, aiming to cultivate an understanding of this nascent domain of digital platform business within the broader framework of the smart city. In the first section, we delve into various concepts related to on-demand service markets, outlining their distinctive features in comparison to traditional service markets, and elucidating the principal components of the on-demand digital platform economy. The second part of this paper employs bibliometric analysis to unveil, among other insights, emerging areas of interest, key works, and influential researchers in the field, as well as the countries and institutions where research on on-demand service markets is most advanced. This research endeavour may lay the foundation for the development of a theory pertaining to the provision of on-demand services within the context of the platform economy. Finally, the research extensively discusses regulatory challenges and public policy implications in the context of on-demand platforms, with a focus on worker protection, algorithmic transparency, and data security.

Renewable energy driven on-road wireless charging infrastructure for electric vehicles in smart cities: A prototype design and analysis

Renewable energy driven on-road wireless charging infrastructure for electric vehicles in smart cities: A prototype design and analysis

Expediting decarbonization in energy, waste, and water sector through digitalization in sustainable smart cities (SSC): Case-studies in Malaysia and China based on Industry 5.0 paradigm

Expediting decarbonization in energy, waste, and water sector through digitalization in sustainable smart cities (SSC): Case-studies in Malaysia and China based on Industry 5.0 paradigm

Pedalling Towards Improved Well-being

Rapid urbanisation and population growth in Delhi have led to a significant increase in the demand for transport infrastructure. However, a traditional adherence to car-centric development in Indian cities has contributed to escalating road injuries and degraded urban settings, exposing pedestrians and cyclists to a fatality risk of around 40 times higher than car users. To address these challenges, strategies like Non-Motorised Transport (NMT) are crucial in promoting sustainable mobility. Despite its proven effectiveness globally, the influence of NMT on the Quality of Life (QoL), especially on the youth (aged 15-29 years) in the Indian context remains unexplored. This paper investigates a recent integration of NMT infrastructure on one of Delhi’s most accident-prone roads through space redistribution. The paper gathers infrastructure assessment factors and physical, social, mental and economic well-being indicators from existing literature and user perceptions on-site. Based on user perceptions, these are correlated, followed by a quantitative study of the influence of each factor on its corresponding indicator using positive responses before and after transformation. The study emphasises key factors that must be addressed while revamping public streets to enhance the health and well-being of young individuals. It suggests that layout quality and lighting significantly improve safety and comfort. Yet the design compromises safety due to a lack of city-level and neighbourhood continuity, and intersections with the high-speed road, resulting in a low rating for physical well-being. A composite well-being score is calculated to illustrate the extent of impact on QoL. Insights derived from the case of Delhi offer a practical framework for other Indian cities seeking to enhance their urban landscapes. The paper emphasises the perspectives of youth on quality well-being, shows how different design features act toward achieving a high QoL, and intends to nudge a shift toward pedestrian-friendly cities.