E-commerce Framework Research Articles

Information Economy and Data Protection Laws: A Global Perspective

The research paper under review examines the information economies of various countries and studies their related data protection laws associated with those countries. The trade aspects of information economies including the ICT tools and the ICT enabled services have also been dealt with to assess the role and the impact of ICT tools in implementation of international trade among various countries to enable to achieve sustainable development goals targeted by the United Nations by the turn of 2030. The paper also highlights the various aspects of information technology tools such as artificial intelligence, cloud computing, robotics, framework of digital economy, e-commerce and e-Trade readiness etc., among others. The role of UNCTAD as an international organization with regards to promoting ICT tools and IT-enabled services to achieve international trade and in particular e-Trade and e-commerce leading to a seamless digital economy among various countries have also been focused in the research study. The data protection laws of various economies both developed and developing, have also been assessed to study specifically the role and impact of these cyber laws/data protection laws on the international economy including their related implications/ramifications on the regional, national and local economies, which would have a significant and sizeable impact on international trade including e-Trade among various economies. Though the developing economies including undeveloped, small island and landlocked economies have more or less good IT penetration, but their data protection laws seems to be still in prototype stage and need to be synchronized and integrated with the global data protection laws to achieve global e-commerce and e-Trade and a robust global digital economy. This would go a long way in achieving the SDGs slated by UN by the turn of 2030.

Developing Legal Framework for Electronic Commerce in Nigeria: Some Lessons from U.K and Singapore

There is no doubt that E-commerce is increasing daily in length and breadth. Nigeria as a Nation is catching up with the trend. There are currently no specific laws on e-commerce in Nigeria, however there exists some scanty provisions of the law, but they have not address the salient issues surrounding it. There are also several Bills on the subject before the National Assembly awaiting assent. Developing a new legal framework is needed on the subject of E-commerce in Nigeria. This paper is an attempt to analyze the regime of e-commerce in Nigeria and making an analysis of these scanty laws that regulation of e-commerce could be inferred from in Nigeria. This paper will analyze on the Bills before the National Assembly on e-commerce and the need to develop and pass them to become a legal frame work for e-commerce in Nigeria. This paper will attempt to draw lessons from U.K and Singapore in the area of e-commerce making a proposition that Nigeria can gain much from them. In the final analysis, this paper will make viable recommendation and conclusion.

Meeting the Nexus Requirement for the Taxation of Interstate E-Commerce Sales and Use Tax Rules as Applied to Electronic Commerce in the United States.

Meeting the Nexus Requirement for the Taxation of Interstate E-Commerce Sales and Use Tax Rules as Applied to Electronic Commerce in the United States.

Secure Multi-Attribute One-to-Many Bilateral Negotiation Framework for E-Commerce

Electronic trading (e-trading) provides a virtual marketplace (e-Marketplace) where buyers and sellers can engage in business activities through electronic media rather than direct physical contact. Although negotiation is a fundamental component of e-trading, the critical risks of missing out on top utility offers that expire before client's negotiation deadline has not been addressed. In order to address these problems, we propose a mobile-agent based secure one-to-many bilateral e-trade negotiation framework that efficiently manages the risk of losing top utility offers and maximizes client's utility taking into account various temporal constraints. Theoretical and empirical analysis of the proposed approach is performed. We evaluated the performance of the proposed strategy in terms of client's utility and negotiation time and compared it with two baseline negotiation strategies. The experimental analysis shows that the proposed strategy maximizes client's utility, shortens negotiation time, and ensures adequate market search. Proofs of validity of the proposed utility function are presented. The security protocol is formally verified and the verification shows that the protocol is free of security flaws and hence, negotiation data are secured.

Legal and Regulatory Challenges to Facilitating E-Commerce in the ASEAN

E-commerce is commonly portrayed as a contributor to economic growth and an integrating force for the ASEAN. The facilitation of e-commerce is largely associated, if not synonymous, with the harmonization of the relevant laws and regulations in this area. Unsurprisingly, ASEAN is the first developing region to prepare a unified e-commerce legal framework. To date, harmonization efforts have centered on electronic transactions laws, the assumption being that the latter will facilitate e-commerce by creating legal certainty for the recognition of electronic contracts. The creation and harmonization of broader e-commerce laws and regulations may, however, be insufficient. As e-commerce often involves high volume and low value cross-border transactions, its facilitation may require more prosaic endeavors, such as coordinating customs procedures, tax rates and invoicing standards. Moreover, the provision of a legal framework for e-commerce will not guarantee its success or promote its adoption. The viability of e-commerce depends on the existence of a robust telecommunication infrastructure, user-friendly online payment systems and efficient distribution networks, particularly with regards to last mile-delivery. The creation of a conducive legal framework for cross-border e-commerce must therefore be regarded as part of a larger picture, comprising multiple regional initiatives addressing a wide spectrum of issues. This chapter is confined to a discussion of the challenges inherent in the regulatory and legislative initiatives aiming at promoting of e-commerce in the ASEAN.

Zakon o elektronskoj trgovini - deset godina kasnije

The Law on Electronic Commerce in the Republic of Macedonia was adopted in 2007, in the conditions when there were only a few e-stores on the domestic market and when consumers' awareness of new trading opportunities was at a very low level. However, this law, introducing a legal framework that regulates new, revolutionary ways of doing business and trading, is specific for several reasonsit sets the foundations of a new platform for performing trade activity, but also brings the news into traditionally strictly formal contractual and legal relations, both regarding the status of participants in these relations, as well as in terms of dematerialization and the simplification of new contracts. Also, the new, electronic contract redefines the traditional notions of the contract law in terms of the phases and stages of the agreement, the form of the contract and the ways in which it is fulfilled. This paper presents a small, ten-year retrospective of the creation and development of the legal framework for e-business and e-commerce.

A Novel Approach of Study of Universal E-Contract Framework for Ecommerce

This article describes how along with the growth of internet technologies, e-commerce activities are growing exponentially. Electronics contracting is a major part of the e-commerce activity. Contracts between the exchanging sides have been adopted as a solution that guarantees the right of participants and increases mutual trust. Electronic contracts (e-contract) or Trading Partner Agreements (TPA) can be between the stakeholders involved, including the payment authority, buyer and seller. Since 1998, Open Buying on the Internet (OBI) protocols are used for business to business (B2B) internet commerce. XML based frameworks such as BizTalk, commerce XML, eXML, eCo frameworks are increasingly being used to bridge the gap between the buyer and seller. Multiple e-commerce standards need to be integrated in order to have a standard framework. In this article, the authors have studied different frameworks and propose a universal generalized framework for e–contract for e-commerce like B2B, B2C & C2C into consideration.

Building a Generic Big Data Analytics Framework for E-commerce in Developing Countries

Building a Generic Big Data Analytics Framework for E-commerce in Developing Countries

The Regulatory Framework of E-Commerce

The era of globalization requires the efficient use of technologies to cope with the modern world and its features. Without technology, no nation can think about take off to development. In the business world development means economic growth and running towards its peak. This peak is attainable only after the appropriate use of unique technologies. Technology saves time and mobilizes the economy. Electronic commerce is rapidly growing as an impressive manifestation of globalization. The rapid expansion of e-commerce is a major opportunity for local and international trade development of LDCs including Bangladesh. This study concentrates only on the regulatory framework of e-commerce.

Towards an Understanding of UX (User Experience) and UXD (User Experience Design), An Applicability based framework forEcommerce, Intranets, Mobile & Tablet &Web Usability

UX Research and Design is an exciting and growing field.User Experience (UX) is a term used by researchers and professionals in many areas.UX Research is understanding of how to conduct interviews, how to evaluating systems, and analyze systems using principles of good design [2].UX involves many subjects and it is used to describe a wide range of topics. UX Design involves the generation of good, feasible design solutions and the creation of prototypes at multiple levels of fidelity. A same product may give different impressions of user experience to different users or user groups. Hence, feedback should be generally collected from a large group of users to measure the results.By using an iterative design approach and interleaving successive phases of UX Research and Design, one can learn by making mistakes and failing fast to improve towards a product with a good UX. It is a framework with wide applicability in areas of HCI, Corporate websites, Intranets, Mobile & Tablet, Website apps/ web Usability and the growing market gives a platform for huge scope of work to be done.Also there are many UX research methods and one can decide on when to use which method.

Eatsarapph: An implementation of E-commerce framework with route analytics

Aim: Objectives of the study are to design i) an online restaurant ordering system that will implement an e-commerce framework and ii) an application that will allow clients to view restaurants based on the clients’ desired specialities.Methodology: This paper followed the proper System Development Life Cycle consisting of planning, analysis, design, implementation and maintenance. Data was obtained through observation in different restaurants.Findings: A digital application named Eatsarap.PH is designed and successfully implemented. With the use of the e-commerce framework, EatsarapPH was done to give ease to customers and restaurants.Implications/Novelty: The application gives convenience to customers and restaurants by eliminating ordering queue time, online menu is easier to manage, and the transaction can be done without any hassle. It is a new design which is useful for both the customers and managers of restaurants.

A Hybrid Trust Evaluation Framework for E-Commerce in Online Social Network: A Factor Enrichment Perspective

The nature of autonomy and openness of E-commerce in online social (ECOS) networks poses a challenge to the security of transactions as it is difficult to ensure the reliability and trustworthiness of parties on both ends. Transactions in ECOS may, therefore, be conducted in an unreliable environment and be vulnerable to frauds. Trust management schemes, naturally, have come as feasible solutions. With a view to making improvement on the existing trust management mechanisms, we, in this paper, propose a factor-enrichment-based hybrid trust framework for trust measurement in ECOS, in which three levels of trust are used to establish trustworthy opinions among individuals for their transactions: 1) private reputation, which is defined as subjective trustworthy impression among individuals with respect to its feature of dynamic evolution; 2) common reputation, which is defined as collective and sharable trust degree and is proposed with two factors, a consistency factor and a continuity factor, introduced for enhancing the reliability of common reputation; and 3) the hybrid trust, which is proposed to obtain integrated trustable impressions based on private reputation and common reputation, with anti-fraud factor and confidence factor presented to further determine the trustworthiness of hybrid trust. Finally, we list the results of a series of examinations to further verify the performance of our mechanism.

Expansion of e-Commerce Coverage to Unreached Community by using Micro-Finance Infrastructure

Most people at the BOP (base of the economic pyramid, the largest but the poorest community in the world comprising 69% of world population) do not have access to e-commerce services. The way e-commerce is designed and practiced today does not enable their participation. The reasons are: their purchasing power is low, they do not have any means to make online payments, and there is no infrastructure to deliver the purchased items to their doors. To enable the participation of the people at BOP, we propose an e-commerce framework by engaging MFI resources and our recently developed ePassbook system. This paper shows how the BOP community can enjoy the benefits of the e-commerce service by using the proposed model. The advantages of making e-commerce available to the BOP are discussed, in addition to the challenges involved in implementing the model.

BulaPay: a novel web service based third-party payment system for e-commerce

The availability of social media and 4G Mobile Internet services boosts e-commerce markets. The online payment systems are an integral part of e-commerce. It becomes the increasing need for online shopping and trading to use secure and low cost third-party payment systems. In this paper, we present an online purchase system of BulaPay that is capable of integrating common e-commerce frameworks and shopping cart systems. Using a set of Web services and simple HTML as its interfaces, BulaPay supports complete payment transactions for a business process in a worldwide way. BulaPay not only enables consumers and shop owners to carry out their daily business on the Internet, but also provides them secure, flexible, reliable, and efficient services. This paper presents an overview of the BulaPay system. The comparisons of our system to the existing third party payment systems are given. We also report the results of the end user evaluation on BulaPay.

Designing and Implementing the Logical Security Framework for Ecommerce Based on Service Oriented Architecture

Rapid evolution of information technology has contributed to the evolution of more sophisticated Ecommerce system with the better transaction time and protection. The currently used E-commerce models lack in quality properties such as logical security because of their poor designing and to face the highly equipped and trained intruders. This editorial proposed a security framework for small and medium sized E-commerce, based on service oriented architecture and gives an analysis of the eminent security attacks which can be averted. The proposed security framework will be implemented and validated on an open source E-commerce, and the results achieved so far are also presented.

Research and Application of Mobile Agent in E-Commerce System

Mobile Agent (MA) is the combine result of Agent technology and distributed technology. MA can move according to the hope of user; MA can take action independently according to the change of environment; MA can return the result after finishing the task. On the basis of analysis of the problems of traditional e-commerce, the design thought of E-Commerce based on MA is proposed. Combining the characteristics, object model, message mechanism and the common software package of IBM Aglet platform, the design framework of E-Commerce based on MA is put forward, the design aims, architecture, and concrete process, collaboration message between Multi-Agent, system safety program are confirmed. At last, the validity of the study is proved by the prototype system, and the key technologies in the implementation are discussed.

Research and Application of Mobile Agent in E-Commerce System

Mobile Agent (MA) is the combine result of Agent technology and distributed technology. MA can move according to the hope of user; MA can take action independently according to the change of environment; MA can return the result after finishing the task. On the basis of analysis of the problems of traditional e-commerce, the design thought of E-Commerce based on MA is proposed. Combining the characteristics, object model, message mechanism and the common software package of IBM Aglet platform, the design framework of E-Commerce based on MA is put forward, the design aims, architecture, and concrete process, collaboration message between Multi-Agent, system safety program are confirmed. At last, the validity of the study is proved by the prototype system, and the key technologies in the implementation are discussed.

A service innovation evaluation framework for tourism e-commerce in China based on BP neural network

With the rapid development of tourism e-commerce in China, how to evaluate the effectiveness of tourism e-commerce service innovation in the e-commerce field has become an important and critical issue. Drawing on pertaining literature, this paper chooses the back propagation (BP) neural network model to evaluate the effectiveness of tourism e-commerce service innovation. The study first establishes the evaluation index system that is consistent with the characteristics of the tourism e-commerce service industry and selects ten tourism e-commerce service providers to conduct an empirical analysis. Then Matlab7.0 is employed to simulate this evaluation model and to draw the corresponding conclusions. Finally, this paper summarizes the limitations of the study and proposes future research avenues. The insightful results of this study can mirror the development situation of tourism e-commerce and provide an effective evaluation framework for the tourism e-commerce service innovation performance in China.

Construct a Credit Evaluation Framework of E-Commerce

As an important commercial application, E-commerce is widely used with the development of Internet technology. However credit disks block the progress of E-commerce in the non-standard market environment, Analyzing credit management modes such as eBay and Taobao, this paper proposed a new credit calculation formula and construct a credit evaluation framework, in order to improve trading success rate, to avoid commercial fraud, and to contribut information construction of China.

On Economic Efficiency Framework of E-Commerce Based on B2B Mode

On Economic Efficiency Framework of E-Commerce Based on B2B Mode