Fracture Phenomena Research Articles

Simulation of Microscopic Fracture Behavior in Nanocomposite Ceramic Tool Materials

In this paper, the microstructures of nanocomposite ceramic tool materials are represented through Voronoi tessellation. A cohesive element model is established to perform the crack propagation simulation by introducing cohesive elements with fracture criteria into microstructure models. Both intergranular and transgranular cracking are considered in this work. The influences of nanoparticle size, microstructure type, nanoparticle volume content and interface fracture energy are analyzed, respectively. The simulation results show that the nanoparticles have changed the fracture pattern from intergranular mode in single-phase materials to intergranular–transgranular–mixed mode. It is mainly the nanoparticles along grain boundaries that have an impact on the fracture pattern change in nanocomposite ceramic tool materials. Microstructures with smaller nanoparticles, in which there are more nanoparticles dispersed along matrix grain boundaries, have higher fracture toughness. Microstructures with a nanoparticle volume content of 15% have the most obvious transgranular fracture phenomenon and the highest critical fracture energy release rate. A strong interface is useful for enhancing the fracture toughness of nanocomposite ceramic tool materials.

Peridynamic modeling of step-path failure in rock slopes

This work is devoted to investigating the step-path failure of rock slopes using peridynamic theory. To this end, an extended bond-based peridynamic model that can explicitly distinguish between tensile and shear cracks from mixed-mode fracture phenomena, previously proposed by the authors, is first introduced. Then, the fracture processes of gypsum specimens with various triple-flaw distributions under uniaxial compression are simulated at a laboratory scale. Tensile, shear, and mixed tensile-shear failure modes are reproduced, and the feasibility of the numerical tool is verified via comparison with experimental observations. Finally, the progressive failure of rock slopes at the field scale is analyzed, in which crack initiation, propagation, coalescence, and eventual structural damage are well captured. The types of crack propagation and coalescence predicted in this study contribute to understanding step-path failure mechanisms in experimental research and nature.

A robust tension-compression asymmetric phase-field fracture model for describing PBX cracking under complex stress states

ABSTRACT The crack behaviors under complex stress states are very important for the safety of polymer-bonded explosives (PBXs) under accidental stimulations, but their accurate description is a challenge. Due to the advances of tracking discontinuities and multi-fields coupling, the phase-field model for complex fracture phenomena is attracting significant interest recently. Conventional phase-field fracture models are tension-compression symmetric or based on volumetric-deviatoric strain energy split, and these conventional phase-field models may lead to unrealistic fracture patterns, which hinders its further application in PBX fracture simulations. In this work, we present an extended, tension-compression asymmetric phase-field fracture model for PBXs, which distinguishes the contributions of tensile and compressive stresses to damage driving energy, and couples the mechanism of mechanical degradation and energy-driving cracking diffusion. We implemented our improved phase-field fracture model into finite element calculations and compared the simulation results with the conventional tension-compression symmetric phase-field fracture model and volumetric-deviatoric strain energy split phase-field fracture model by simulating PBX specimens under static loadings. The results show that our model not only accurately depicts the tensile and compressive cracks, but also describes compression-assisted cracking while suppressing unrealistic damage nucleation caused by small amplitudes of local compressive stresses, making it a very efficient way of describing PBX cracking under complex stress states. This new model is both mathematically and physically concise, and convenient for numerical implementation. Moreover, the novel model can be naturally extended to simulate shock-induced dynamic and/or coupled fracture of PBXs because of its feasibilities for dynamic extension and multi-field coupling.

Effect of hydrogen concentration on the friction evolution mechanism of few-layer graphene: A molecular dynamics study in nanoscratch processes

This article explored the friction evolution mechanism of graphene under different hydrogen concentrations and scratch depths based on molecular dynamics. In a vacuum, graphene exhibits excellent frictional properties when the scratch depth is less than the layer distance of graphene. However, as the depth increases, the diamond tip contacts more CC bonds, and the phenomenon of fracture and recombination of CC bonds in the graphene layer intensifies, increasing surface friction. In a low concentration of hydrogen environment, compared with the friction in a vacuum, it increases due to the interlocking effect of the protruding hydrogen atoms on the diamond tip and the scratch path. As the concentration of the hydrogen environment increases, the friction force does not increase monotonically. In addition, in a hydrogen environment, the stability of the planar structure of graphene will be weakened, thereby affecting the wrinkling effect and wear path.

Study of fatigue fracture characteristics for duplex stainless steel STHE welded joint specimen

A shell and tube heat exchanger (STHE) welded joint is considered for fatigue fracture mechanism. The joint is made up of a protruding tube fabricated to a tubesheet by means of welding. A super duplex stainless steel (DSS) material is used for the tube and tubesheet. Fatigue test was newly conducted using the single tube test specimen. The initial cracking plane was moved from the minimum sectional-area plane that was perpendicular to the loading direction, and the crack growth was almost planar. Stress analysis is carried out using finite element method (FEM) and the stress distributions are carefully studied by comparing the simple perforated plate. In addition, three-dimensional crack propagation (CP) simulation is performed employing extended finite element method (X-FEM). Fracture phenomenon is verified using the experimental and numerical crack front geometries. The fracture mechanics parameter is evaluated and verified with empirical formulae. CP behaviors are carefully discussed based on the fracture mechanics parameter. The CP life is presented for three loading amplitudes. The FAT class of the STHE welded joint is studied based on the available design standards such as BS, IIW and JSSC. Finally, the fatigue fracture characteristics of the STHE welded joint specimen are shown through the experimental and numerical methods.

Accurate prediction of indicators for engineering failures in complex mining environments

Due to seismic load, complex geological and geo-mechanical conditions of rock mass in Steeply Inclined and Extremely Thick Coal Seam (SIETCS) mines, the prediction and prevention of dynamic disasters remain quite challenging. Traditionally, physical models and numerical simulations are widely practiced for disaster prediction at shallow depths which becomes difficult in SIETCS mines. The drilling tests and above models are generally time-consuming and uneconomic providing miniature coverage. Whilst, rockburst driven disasters require detailed regional geological understanding and mechanical behavior of rock mass. For this purpose, a non-invasive and cost-effective geophysical workflow covering regional-scale geology is introduced for accurate identification and prediction of rockburst in a SIETCS mine of northwestern China. Passive seismological in-situ observations were made for a period of twenty-four months to compute the seismic source parameters, map fracturing process, identify regional lineaments and calculate important rockburst prediction indicators. The spatiotemporal distribution of induced-microseismicity, three-states stress theory, and mapped fractures helped in the identification of three rockbursts, several high-energy tremors, and the prediction of two new rockburst-prone regions. The mapped fractures through the novel ‘Seismo-Frac model’ showed that for the simultaneous excavation in B3 + 6 and B2 + 1 coal seams subjected to repetitive episodes of seismic deformation, the shear-displacement accumulation, prying effects of rock pillar and roof coupled with dynamic stress are the primary mode of deformation. The mapped fractures and lineaments are unevenly distributed in the minefield with a maximum density of the fractures concentrated in the B3 + 6 coal seam and rock pillar. Furthermore, through conditional probability analysis, the prediction efficiency of source parameter averages (E and N), seismological parameters (b-value and Δb), and maximum potential magnitude (Mm) was compared. A sharp-increase in source parameter averages while a sharp-decrease in the seismological parameters proved to be effective rockburst prediction indicators. This study also introduces decreasing occurrence frequency of fractures and lineaments as the new prediction indicators. This method, while a panacea for imaging the entire fracturing phenomenon, provides insights with widespread implications for academic researchers and industry practitioners to mitigate dynamic disasters in global underground engineering excavation.

Experimental characterization of Mode I fracture toughness of the undisturbed Guadalquivir Blue Marl: Effect of suction

Fracture Mechanics is an extensively developed discipline for a wide range of materials used in scientific and engineering applications. However, the thorough understanding and characterization of fracture phenomena in many soil and rock-type materials are still under development. This work aims to characterize the suction-dependent fracture response in undisturbed clay soils, which will lead to identifying a ductile–brittle behavior threshold. The undisturbed condition will provide information on the behavior of the soil in its natural state. For this purpose, a new experimental procedure is presented in order to obtain a closed-form relationship between mode I fracture toughness (KIc) and a suction range (Ψ) for the Guadalquivir blue marl. In order to achieve this objective, an experimental campaign was carried out using a series of semi-circular specimens subjected to the three-point bending test with different suctions. The corresponding loading–displacement curves from the tests are qualitatively analyzed to identify the fracture response of this material, and the linear regression technique is used to finally obtain the desired relationship. Current results show that an increasing value of suction increases both the maximum load and the stiffness, yielding a more brittle behavior associated with an increase in KIc. Finally, an alternative expression for the determination KIc with respect to that proposed by Kuruppu and coauthors (Kuruppu et al., 2013) is presented, which involves the explicit inclusion of the suction variable for the more brittle behavior, limited by the threshold found. This provides a new perspective on how moisture content affects the fracture mechanics of clays.

Research on the Development Mechanism of Three Kinds of Cracks in Rock Cutting

In order to study the mechanism of crack propagation in rock cutting, experiments and discrete element numerical simulation of rock cutting at different depths were adopted in this paper. The rock fragmentation can be divided into mini-size fragmentation and normal-size fragmentation from a size viewpoint. The discrete element method (DEM) is used to further investigate the mechanism of normal size fragmentation at different depths and record the process of crack initiation and propagation. Additionally, the paper characterizes the process of crack initiation and examines the representative rock fragmentation. According to the mechanism of crack development, rock fragmentation can be divided into three categories: conventional failure, fracture failure, and damage failure. The fragmentation of three kinds of failure has one common point. To form semi-dislodged rock fragmentation, the macroscopic shear cracks are first formed. Subsequently, the tensile failure at weak places causes fragmentation ejection. Therefore, the mechanism of fragmentation generation in rock cutting is investigated in terms of crack initiation and extension. In this study, the fracture phenomenon of previous rock cutting experiments is reproduced by an experiment, and the failure process is analyzed in detail by the discrete element method, which reveals the essence of producing fragment phenomena and summarizes the fracture phenomenon and damage crack propagation mechanism in rock cutting.

Fracture of bio-cemented sands

Bio-chemical reactions enable the production of biomimetic materials such as sandstones. In the present study, microbiologically-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) is used to manufacture laboratory-scale specimens for fracture toughness measurement. The mode I and mixed-mode fracture toughnesses are measured as a function of cementation, and are correlated with strength, permeability and porosity. A micromechanical model is developed to predict the dependence of mode I fracture toughness upon the degree of cementation. In addition, the role of the crack tip T-stress in dictating kink angle and toughness is determined for mixed mode loading. At a sufficiently low degree of cementation, the zone of microcracking in the vicinity of the crack tip is sufficiently large for a crack tip K-field to cease to exist and for crack kinking theory to not apply. The interplay between cementation and fracture properties of sedimentary rocks is explained; this understanding underpins a wide range of rock fracture phenomena including hydraulic fracture.

Computational modeling of fracture in polymer nano‐composites undergoing large deformations via the graded‐interphase‐enhanced phase‐field fracture approach

AbstractThe phenomenon of fracture in polymer composites, polymer nano‐composites in particular, entails a multitude of intricate mechanisms including branching and merging of several cracks along with particle debonding and subsequent plastic void growth. This work involves an extension of the standard phase‐field fracture approach by means of the graded interphase concept in order to facilitate the modeling of a wide‐spectrum of fracture responses, which can be observed in experimental studies concerning the fracture behavior of polymer nano‐composites. Herein, motivated by the microstructure morphology of polymer nano‐composites, a continuous grading of the elastic and fracture properties is considered within a finite thickness interphase region around the filler particles. Appropriate tuning of the graded‐interphase model parameters enables to capture a variety of fracture responses, including cohesive failure between the filler particle and the matrix, as demonstrated via the presented numerical examples, which focus on polymer nano‐composites undergoing large deformations prior to fracture.

An adaptive partitioned reduced order model of peridynamics for efficient static fracture simulation

In this paper, an adaptive partitioning strategy and the proper orthogonal decomposition–Galerkin method are combined to formulate an adaptive partitioned reduced order model (APROM) for fast solution of peridynamic (PD) models involving fractures. A boundary layer separation approach is presented to tackle the inaccurate reproduction of nonlocal boundary conditions in the reduced order model (ROM). Cracks invariably make ROM results more sensitive to the snapshots, i.e. a set of high-fidelity solutions simulated by the full order model (FOM), and this challenge is overcome by an adaptive partitioning strategy. The internal computational domain is divided into two parts: the crack region is modeled by full PD model, and the remaining region is dimensionally reduced. The partitioned configuration is automatically updated with the damage evolution. Several numerical tests are executed to verify the performance of the APROM, which shows that the APROM is able to successfully simulate various fracture phenomena. A significant improvement in computational efficiency is found: the number of degrees of freedom in the full PD model is greatly reduced, leading to an approximately 10 times improvement in CPU time without loss of accuracy. This paper provides strong theoretical support for accelerating PD solutions, thereby promoting the practical application of PD theory in large-scale engineering projects.

Mechanical Characteristics of Precast Cracked Concrete under Freeze-Thaw-Load Action

Four types of precast double-cracked concrete specimens and non-cracked control group were prepared, and the specimens were subjected to freezing and thawing cycles and uniaxial compression tests, with a total of five freezing and thawing cycles, namely 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100, in order to analyse the fracture phenomena and mechanical properties of the specimens after freezing and thawing in uniaxial compression, and to determine the damage variables of the precast cracked concrete under the action of freezing and thawing loads on the basis of strain energy and fracture mechanics theories. The test results show that: (1) the crack aggregation mode generated by the compression damage of precast cracked specimens is mainly influenced by the crack inclination angle, when the crack inclination angle is 30°, the specimen undergoes wing tension aggregation, and when the crack inclination angle is 60°/90°, the specimen undergoes a mixed tension-shear aggregation mode; (2) After the freeze-thaw cycle test, the degree of deterioration of the prefabricated cracked specimens is significantly higher than that of the non-cracked specimens, and the loss of compressive strength and Young’s modulus of the specimens with crack inclination angle of 60° and 90° is the most severe, and the decrease of the stress-strain curve is the most obvious; (3) Based on fracture mechanics and damage-strain energy to derive the damage variables of the prefabricated cracked loaded specimens, and based on the Weibull function and the principle of equivalent effect of Lemaitre effect, the damage variables under freeze-thaw loading are also derived based on the Weibull function and Lemaitre equivalent strain principle.

Surface Tensile Strength and Hertzian Fracture Resistance of Patterned Acid-Etched Glass

Patterned acid-etched glasses are frequently used in horizontal glass surfaces that may be walked on, such as floors and staircase treads. These glasses provide useful antislip properties, but the foot traffic cause contact stresses and ageing mechanisms that are poorly understood and can affect the strength of the acid-etched glass. This study explores these strength-reducing effects by undertaking nondestructive and destructive evaluations of two acid-etched glasses with geometrically different surface patterns and comparing their mechanical performance to unetched float glass. In particular, residual surface stress, Hertzian fracture resistance, and fractographic characteristics are determined for each glass type. The surface tensile strength of the glasses is also evaluated by means of destructive flexural tests before and after artificial ageing. The flexural tests reveal that the ridge areas of the acid-etched surface patterns are more susceptible to the formation of digs and deeper surface flaws and are therefore weaker than both the valley areas of the acid-etched pattern and the surface of the unetched float glass. Correspondingly, the acid-etched glass with the highest proportion of ridges was more susceptible to ageing-induced flaws and had the lowest surface tensile strength. The contact (Hertzian) fracture resistance was also significantly affected by the presence of a surface pattern in the acid-etched glass; specifically, the lowest contact strengths were recorded for hard body contact on the ridges of the pattern. The fracture phenomena and new data presented in this paper provide useful insights on the long-term performance of etched patterned glass. The findings can provide the bases for real-world design decisions and for glass forensics.

Quantification of Hydrogen Flux from Atmospheric Corrosion of Steel Using the Scanning Kelvin Probe Technique

The atmospheric corrosion of high-strength steels can lead to hydrogen absorption directly linked to hydrogen embrittlement or delayed fracture phenomena. A scanning Kelvin probe (SKP) and electrochemical permeation technique (EPT) were applied to correlate the potential of an oxidized surface with the flux of hydrogen across a thin steel membrane. The side of the membrane opposite the corroding or electrochemically charged area was analyzed. The potential drop in the oxide was calibrated in terms of surface hydrogen activity, and SKP can be applied in situ for the mapping of hydrogen distribution in the corroding metal. A very low flux of hydrogen can be characterized and quantified by SKP, which is typically observed under atmospheric corrosion conditions. Therefore, hydrogen localization that drives steel durability under atmospheric corrosion conditions can be evaluated.

The Effect of Surface Electroplating on Fragment Deformation Behavior When Subjected to Contact Blasts.

Preformed fragments can deform or even fracture when subjected to contact blasts, which might lead to a reduction of the terminal effect. Therefore, to solve this problem, the effect of surface electroplating on the fragment deformation behavior under contact blasts was analyzed. Firstly, blast recovery tests were carried out on uncoated and coated fragments. After the contact blast, the two samples produced different deformation behaviors: the uncoated fragments were fractured, while the coated fragments maintained integrity. The tests were simulated by finite element simulation, and the deformation behavior of the different samples matched well with the test results, which can explain the protective effect of the coating after quantification. In order to further reveal the dynamic behavior involved, detonation wave theory and shock wave transmission theory in solids were used to calculate the pressure amplitude variation at the far-exploding surface of the fragments. The theoretical results showed that the pressure amplitude of the uncoated samples instantly dropped to zero after the shock wave passed through the far-exploding surface, which resulted in the formation of a tensile zone. But the pressure amplitude of the coated samples increased, transforming the tensile zone into the compression zone, thereby preventing the fracture of the fragment near the far-exploding surface, which was consistent with the test and simulated results. The test results, finite element simulations, and theories show that the coating can change the deformation behavior of the fragment and prevent the fracture phenomenon of the fragment. It also prevents the material from missing and a molten state of the fragment in the radial direction by microscopic observation and weight statistics.

Modelling of fracture by cohesive force models: A path to pursue

Phase field models have been very successful in recent years and tend to become hegemonic in modelling the fracture of materials. This is primarily due to their ease of implementation to account for the entire fracture process including nucleation and propagation of cracks. In doing so, the cohesive force models have been somewhat neglected although they are based on better established physical bases and have at least as great a capacity to account for the main fracture phenomena. To confirm this claim, the paper will focus on the ability of the cohesive force models to correct the three main flaws of Griffith’s law of brittle fracture concerning the nucleation of cracks, the size effects or fatigue.

Corrosion Behavior of Tubing in High-Salinity Formation Water Environment Containing H2S/CO2 in Yingzhong Block

To clarify the corrosion behavior of P110SS material under the synergistic action of multiple factors such as a CO2/H2S coexistence environment, a high temperature, and high-salinity formation water, a series of simulation tests and analyses were carried out in this paper. High-temperature high-pressure autoclaves, scanning electron microscopy, and a three-dimensional microscope were used to analyze and evaluate the changing trend of the corrosion performance of P110SS tubing material under different temperatures and a H2S/CO2 partial pressure ratio in a high-salinity formation water environment, and the corrosion cracking sensitivity and pitting sensitivity of the material with stress were compared and analyzed. The results indicate that the average corrosion rate of P110SS material without stress increases with the rising test temperature, and the corrosion damage worsens with an increase in the H2S: CO2 partial pressure ratio. The highest corrosion rate for P110SS material is 0.99 mm/a. When the test temperature varies from 80 °C to 180 °C and PH2S:PCO2 = 0.53:0.17, the P110SS material with a loading stress of 85% YSmin is not susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). Although surface pitting nucleation is evident at a high temperature of 180 °C, no expansion-induced cracking or fracture phenomena occur.

A chemo-mechanical phase-field framework for dynamic fracture with viscoplastic flow for large-deformed electrode in lithium-ion batteries

Fracture of the high-capacity electrode materials during electrochemical cycling is still an overwhelming limitation restricting the further development of lithium-ion batteries. Here, we investigate the chemo-mechanical dynamic fracture phenomenon in the large-deformed ductile electrode materials by using the thermodynamically consistent phase-field method and provide a fundamental insight for the complicated chemo-mechanical coupling process with considering the competition mechanisms of several governing factors. In the present work, we are able to evaluate the inertia driven intricate dynamic fracture phenomena such as crack branching and complete breakage with a series of governing mechanisms including different electrode size, applied current density and yield stress for viscoplastic flow. The results have shown that the crack propagation velocity controlled by multiple factors above will finally determine whether the phenomenon of crack propagation or branching occurs at the rapid crack propagation stage. Furthermore, a safety limit for fracture and the specific failure modes have also been demarcated under certain circumstances, which provide a further understanding for the underlying electrochemical performance and mechanical stability of the high-capacity ductile electrodes, and may be instructive for the next-generation design and evaluation of lithium-ion batteries.

Pressure-Transient Behavior of Vertical Wells Considering Dynamic Water Hammer and Dynamic Induced Fracture: Theory and Case Studies.

Water injection can result in the creation of induced fracture by connecting natural fractures. The induced fracture penetrates the entire reservoir, leading to the interconnection of injection and production wells and ultimately resulting in water breakthrough and the abandonment of production wells. During well work, the induced fracture exhibits dynamic behavior characterized by extension and closure, known as the dynamic-induced fracture phenomena. During the shut-in process, fracture closure phenomena are often accompanied by water hammer phenomena, which can be detected bottom hole pressure data. However, numerical simulation methods are difficult to describe their dynamic processes. Therefore, we urgently need a mathematical model to fill this gap. In this work, we developed a waterflooding-induced dynamic fracture (WIDF) model. Dynamic water hammer phenomena, multi-dynamic closure phenomena, and fracture storage phenomena are introduced into the WIDF model to describe the induced fracture dynamic behavior. Field cases demonstrate that the WIDF model can improve the accuracy of interpreted parameters and correct incorrect model selection. Green function and Newman product method are used to characterize single-phase water flows within tight reservoirs. Then, the induced fracture is discrete into N segments through the boundary element method. Discrete-induced fractures are divided into n parts. Based on the induced fracture bending property, conductivity variation is independent in each part. The feature line method is used to solve the pressure response of the dynamic water hammer. The Duhamel principle is applied to couple the storage effects and reservoir pressure response. The Laplace transform method transforms the model into Laplace space so that it can be solved easily, and the Stehfest numerical inversion method transforms the model into real space to obtain the final solution. Our results show that the dynamic water hammer flow (DWH) regime with an oscillation curve and the multi-dynamic closure flow (MDCF) regime with peaks exist on the type curve. Resistance coefficient (f) and inertia coefficient (I) control the DWH regime. Fracture storage coefficient (Cf), dynamic fracture closure rates (Delpatm), and induced fracture closure half-lengths (xdfm) control the MDCF regime. It is worth noting that the peak position can be adjusted by the Delpatm and xdfm parameters, achieving a more accurate match to the field cases. The Cf is identified, which corrected for the amplified wellbore storage coefficient. Obtained permeability is also in a reasonable range of permeability for tight reservoirs. In summary, a series of mathematical methods are used to develop and solve an injection well model to identify the dynamic behavior of the induced fracture. Numerical simulation methods are used to verify the accuracy of the WIDF model. Two field cases from X Oilfield demonstrate the practicability of the WIDF model. Dynamic identification of the induced fracture would help engineers develop appropriate injection schemes to prevent water breakthroughs.

Time Dependent Evolution of Heat and Stress Field in Granite–clay System Representing Geological Disposal Scheme for High Level Radioactive Wastes

Abstract A reference Geological Disposal System (GDS) for high level long lived heat emitting radioactive waste with dimension 20 x 10 x 6.25 m has been evaluated for time dependent heat field distribution, stress build up and possibility of micro-fracturing. The GDS comprises of three cylindrical heat sources (0.30 m diameter and 2 m length) mimicking radioactive waste loaded canisters emplaced within Jalore granite (JG) with barrier layers of Barmer bentonite (BB) clays, from Rajasthan. The methodology adopted in the study includes thermo- mechanical characterization of the granites and clays, followed by finite difference method (FDM) based numerical analysis for time dependent buildup of thermal and mechanical stresses, evolution of temperature field and micro fracturing phenomena within the studied GDS. The study reveals that three heat sources (waste filled SS canisters) of 500 watt intensity with spacing of 2.5 m and clay granite (CG) ratio of 60:40 and 70:30 produces maximum temperature of 92.42 and 94.69 °C and total stress (thermal and mechanical) of 24.77 and 24.97 MPa respectively within the system. 3.32 and 3.31 mm maximum displacement observed in the GDS for 60:40 and 70:30 CG ratio respectively which is within design limit. Analysis further establishes that clay admixture having bentonite clay and granite ratio in the range of 70:30 and 60:40 is capable of smooth dissipation of heat thorough them with resultant maximum temperature of < 100 °C throughout the entire duration of the time periods analysed. Based on these results it is concluded that JG and BB clay in 60:40 and 70:30 ratio with waste canister spacing of 2.5 m have appropriate characteristics suitable for hosting geological disposal system for heat emitting high level waste canisters. The study marks first analysis of multi-canister geological disposal system in Indian context.