Four-wheeled Motor Research Articles

Factors associated with purchasing pesticide from shops for intentional self‐poisoning in Sri Lanka

In South Asia, up to one in five individuals who ingest pesticides for self-poisoning and survive purchased them from a shop immediately prior to the event. Thus far, no research has taken place to determine whether interventions implemented through the pesticide sellers might be acceptable or effective, despite the hundreds of thousands of such risk purchases each year. We aimed to investigate factors associated with purchasing pesticides for self-poisoning in Sri Lanka. We used a case-control study. Cases (n=50) were individuals who ingested pesticides after purchasing them for the act, and controls (n=200) were customers who bought pesticides but did not use them for self-harm. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess socio-demographic and purchase-specific risk factors. Alcohol intoxication (adjusted odds ratios [AOR] 36.5, 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.7-783.4) and being a non-farmer AOR 13.3, 95% CI 1.8-99.6 were the main distinguishing factors when purchasing pesticides for self-poisoning. The positive predictive values were 93.3% (95% CI 68.0-99.8%) and 88.2% (95% CI 72.5-96.7%), respectively. One and/or other of these factors characterised 72.0% of cases but only 2.5% controls. While results need to be interpreted cautiously, sales restrictions to prevent alcohol-intoxicated persons and non-farmers purchasing pesticides for self-poisoning may be effective.

Efektivitas Penerimaan Pajak Progresif Kendaraan Bermotor Roda Empat Terhadap Peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pajak progresif kendaraan bermotor roda empat dalam peningkatan pendapatan asli daerah pada kantor Samsat Wilayah Makassar 1 Selatan. Jenis penelitian yaitu analisis deskriptif komperatif, merupakan analisis yang sifatnya membandingkan, yang dilakukan dengan membandingkan keberadaan satu variable atau lebih pada dua atau lebih sampel yang berbeda, atau pada waktu yang berbeda. Setelah melakukan analisis pada UPT Pendapatan/Samsat Wilayah Makassar 1 Selatan maka ditarik kesimpulan bahwa, Penerimaan Pajak Progresif Kendaraan Bermotor Roda Empat sejak sudah sangat efektif dan memberi dampak sangat signifikan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah pada periode 2016 s/d 2018, karena diketahui pada tahun 2016 tingkat penerimaan pajak progresif sebesar 0.01% terhadap PAD, dan mengalami peningkatan penerimaan sebesar 0,34%, dan kemudian ditahun 2018 mengalami peningkatan yang drastis dari tahun sebelumya sebesar 2.93% terhadap Penerimaan Asli Daerah (PAD)

Enforcement of The Criminal Act of Embezzlement of Motor Vehicles in the GorontaloCity Jurisdiction

The purpose of this study is to find out what factors are inhibiting the police in carrying out enforcement of the Motor Vehicle Embezzlement Law in the Gorontalo City Area. This type of research is empirical research, using a qualitative approach,which is analyzed qualitatively descriptively. Based on the results of research shows that law enforcement conducted by the Gorontalo City Resort Police has been based on the prevailing statutory mechanism even though in the implementation of the crime of embezzlement of four-wheeled motor vehicles there are still some cases that can not be resolved due to obstacles to the investigation process. While the factors that inhibit the Police from committing criminal acts of Motor Vehicle Embezzlement are lack of information, lack of witnesses, and lack of public legal awareness.

Studi Kualitatif Persepsi Masyarakat Desa Tentang Program Perencanaan Persalinan dan Pencegahan Komplikasi (P4K)

P4K is one of the government's efforts to reduce Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR). The problem found was low community participation in P4K. This study aims to find out how people's perceptions about birth planning and complications prevention (P4K) programs. Method: This research is a qualitative study using purposive sampling technique in selecting samples. The samples used were 21 people who had met the sample criteria. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). Data were analyzed through several stages namely data reduction, data transcripts, data presentation, coding, categorization and conclusions. Results: 1) Most of the P4K information obtained by respondents was considered to be lacking. 2) Respondents' perception of the implementation of P4K revealed that the program had not yet reached the target. 3) The majority of respondents perceive the distribution of P4K stickers among mothers as uneven and the majority of pregnant women have a perception that the activity has no benefit for themselves.4) Respondents are more dominant in the perception of village ambulances as four-wheeled motor vehicles as usual ambulances. 5) P4K supporting facilities in the village are not yet available namely dasolin / tabulin and blood donor management. Conclusion: the perception of the village community about P4K so far both about information about the program and its implementation is still considered to be less than optimal, because socialization is not carried out thoroughly to the community. Therefore, there is a need for good collaboration between community sectors, health institutions and village governments

Visual Acuity of Four-Wheeled Public Transport Drivers in Jatinangor

Background : The number of motor vehicles usage is increasing every year, along with the increasing prevalence of motor vehicle accidents, and mortality due to traffic accidents in 2010. The driver’s visual impairment is one factor that affects this phenomenon. In Indonesia there are regulations regarding the minimum requirements for visual acuity in order to get a driving license. However, data of driver’s visual acuity have not been obtained yet. This study aimed to assess the public transport (angkot) driver’s visual acuity. Thus, the regulation and evaluation of the minimum requirements for a driver’s visual acuity can be applied optimally. Methods : This study used the categorical descriptive method with cross sectional design to assess visual acuity for four-wheeled motor vehicle (angkot) drivers in Jatinangor using RAAB E chart and pinhole. The variable that was described in this study was the visual acuity of 4-wheeled motor vehicle drivers in Jatinangor. Results : Results showed 86.5% of drivers fulfilled the minimum requirements of visual acuity for driving. Meanwhile, the rest did not fulfill the minimum requirements of visual acuity for driving. Conclusions : Most of the public transport drivers have already fulfilled the minimum requirement of visual acuity for driving. However the minimum requirement of visual acuity for drivers has not been implemented optimally since there were drivers who have not performed an eye examination when taking and extending their driving license.

The influence of knowledge management “bottleneck” on company’s performance

AbstractInterviews with 10 marketing managers of 10 four-wheeled motor vehicle brand in Jakarta that have the highest sales in January up to April 2017 show that the managers do not have enough cognitive understanding of knowledge management (KM). However, the managers, in general, are very eloquent when discussing about practical business aspects such as supply-chain, business competition, products, organizational culture, and company’s performance. Based on previous research, KM was placed as independent or intervening or moderating variable on company’s performance. The aim of this study is to analyze the role of KM on company’s performance. By using stratified random sampling, linear regression, moderated regression, and path analysis, it can be concluded that KM can be as independent, moderating, or intervening variable. KM becomes similar to a “bottleneck” when the managers do not know well what and how to implement KM. Therefore, this study suggests that needed further researches are needed to explore the role of KM and to understand how KM can be implemented in a company in order to sustainably improve the company’s performance.

Overuse of Head CT Examinations for the Investigation of Minor Head Trauma: Analysis of Contributing Factors

PurposeThe aim of this study was to estimate the amount of CT studies performed in the emergency department of a tertiary hospital that are not indicated by Canadian CT Head Rule (CCHR) guidelines and to analyze factors that contribute to unnecessary examinations. MethodsA total of 955 brain CT examinations performed for minor head injuries were randomly retrospectively selected. Medical records were assessed for the following parameters: demographics, cause of head trauma, and referring physician’s seniority and specialty. For each CT scan, it was determined whether the CT referral met the CCHR criteria. The CT interpretations of patients under 65 years of age were evaluated to assess the sensitivity and negative predictive value of the CCHR criteria. ResultsA total of 104 examinations (10.9%) were not indicated according to the CCHR, but in patients younger than 65 years, 104 of 279 examinations (37.3%) were not indicated. Neurologists conducted more unwarranted CT studies (odds ratio [OR], 3.5; P = .011), whereas surgeons tended to order fewer studies (OR, 0.676; P = .126). There was no statistically significant difference between the seniority of the referring physician and over-referral (P = .181). Four-wheel motor vehicle accidents (OR, 2.789; P = .001) and a hit on the head by an object (OR, 2.843; P = .006) were associated with a higher rate of nonindicated CT examinations. The CCHR had sensitivity and negative predictive value of 100% for either brain hemorrhage or fractures. ConclusionsOveruse of CT examinations for minor head injuries was demonstrated, especially in young patients, with an excess of 37.3%. Contributing factors are referring physician specialty and injury mechanism. Analysis of overuse causes can be implemented for education programs and for computerized referring protocols.

Driving following Kava Use and Road Traffic Injuries: A Population-Based Case-Control Study in Fiji (TRIP 14)

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between kava use and the risk of four-wheeled motor vehicle crashes in Fiji. Kava is a traditional beverage commonly consumed in many Pacific Island Countries. Herbal anxiolytics containing smaller doses of kava are more widely available.MethodsData for this population-based case-control study were collected from drivers of ‘case’ vehicles involved in serious injury-involved crashes (where at least one road user was killed or admitted to hospital for 12 hours or more) and ‘control’ vehicles representative of ‘driving time’ in the study base. Structured interviewer administered questionnaires collected self-reported participant data on demographic characteristics and a range of risk factors including kava use and potential confounders. Unconditional logistic regression models estimated odds ratios relating to the association between kava use and injury-involved crash risk.FindingsOverall, 23% and 4% of drivers of case and control vehicles, respectively, reported consuming kava in the 12 hours prior to the crash or road survey. After controlling for assessed confounders, driving following kava use was associated with a four-fold increase in the odds of crash involvement (Odds ratio: 4.70; 95% CI: 1.90–11.63). The related population attributable risk was 18.37% (95% CI: 13.77–22.72). Acknowledging limited statistical power, we did not find a significant interaction in this association with concurrent alcohol use.ConclusionIn this study conducted in a setting where recreational kava consumption is common, driving following the use of kava was associated with a significant excess of serious-injury involved road crashes. The precautionary principle would suggest road safety strategies should explicitly recommend avoiding driving following kava use, particularly in communities where recreational use is common.

A83 Road traffic injuries and Alcohol: Double jeopardy in Pacific Island nations fuelled by inequitably distributed determinants of health

Abstract Background Efforts to address the burden of road traffic injuries in Pacific Island countries and territories are theoretically based on initiatives identified by the global road safety community. However, common risk factors targeted, including drink driving, are poorly quantified with respect to contribution to injury-involved crashes and contextual factors that challenge preventive interventions. We investigated the contribution of alcohol to the population-based burden of serious injury-involved road crashes in Fiji (second largest Pacific Island nation). We examine the findings in light of social determinants of health and injury, and the implications for future policy initiatives. Methods We undertook an analysis of the Traffic-Related Injury in the Pacific (TRIP) project funded by the Wellcome Trust and Health Research Council of New Zealand. Specifically, a case-control study of four-wheeled motor vehicles was conducted in Viti Levu, Fiji in 2004/5 involving crash vehicles (recruited through a study specific hospital surveillance system) and a representative sample of control vehicles (recruited from road side surveys). Key informants for the study (drivers of the vehicles) completed standardised self-report surveys. Logistic regression analyses examined the association between alcohol and road traffic injuries, adjusting for relevant confounders. The findings were evaluated and interpreted applying the World Health Organization’s Priority Public Health Conditions Analytical Framework. Results The case control study involving 140 crash vehicles and 752 control vehicles revealed the three-fold excess in the odds of serious injury-involved crashes (resulting in hospital admission or death of a road user) associated with the consumption of alcohol within the 12 h prior to driving (Adjusted Odds Ratio 3.2; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-9.4). Using the Priority Public Health Conditions Analytical Framework, we identified important social parameters influencing inequities in the distribution of alcohol consumption and being a victim of road crashes in Pacific settings. In particular, we found differential distributions in socioeconomic position, exposure to alcohol, vulnerabilities to injury, and related outcomes. Conclusions Alcohol imposes a substantial contribution to the burden of road traffic injury in the Pacific. However, there are several impediments to addressing this problem due to the inequitable distribution of alcohol exposure and road injury which are systemic, avoidable, unfair, and unjust. These findings highlight the imperatives to strengthen policies that address root causes of road injury embedded in inadequately regulated motorization, marketing and supply of alcohol, deficiencies in implementing drink-driving legislation and systemic improvements in transport infrastructure.

Torque-based optimal acceleration control for electric vehicle

The existing research of the acceleration control mainly focuses on an optimization of the velocity trajectory with respect to a criterion formulation that weights acceleration time and fuel consumption. The minimum-fuel acceleration problem in conventional vehicle has been solved by Pontryagin’s maximum principle and dynamic programming algorithm, respectively. The acceleration control with minimum energy consumption for battery electric vehicle(EV) has not been reported. In this paper, the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM) is controlled by the field oriented control(FOC) method and the electric drive system for the EV(including the PMSM, the inverter and the battery) is modeled to favor over a detailed consumption map. The analytical algorithm is proposed to analyze the optimal acceleration control and the optimal torque versus speed curve in the acceleration process is obtained. Considering the acceleration time, a penalty function is introduced to realize a fast vehicle speed tracking. The optimal acceleration control is also addressed with dynamic programming(DP). This method can solve the optimal acceleration problem with precise time constraint, but it consumes a large amount of computation time. The EV used in simulation and experiment is a four-wheel hub motor drive electric vehicle. The simulation and experimental results show that the required battery energy has little difference between the acceleration control solved by analytical algorithm and that solved by DP, and is greatly reduced comparing with the constant pedal opening acceleration. The proposed analytical and DP algorithms can minimize the energy consumption in EV’s acceleration process and the analytical algorithm is easy to be implemented in real-time control.

Driver sleepiness and risk of motor vehicle crash injuries: A population-based case control study in Fiji (TRIP 12)

IntroductionPublished studies investigating the role of driver sleepiness in road crashes in low and middle-income countries have largely focused on heavy vehicles. We investigated the contribution of driver sleepiness to four-wheel motor vehicle crashes in Fiji, a middle-income Pacific Island country. MethodThe population-based case control study included 131 motor vehicles involved in crashes where at least one person died or was hospitalised (cases) and 752 motor vehicles identified in roadside surveys (controls). An interviewer-administered questionnaire completed by drivers or proxies collected information on potential risks for crashes including sleepiness while driving, and factors that may influence the quantity or quality of sleep. ResultsFollowing adjustment for confounders, there was an almost six-fold increase in the odds of injury-involved crashes for vehicles driven by people who were not fully alert or sleepy (OR 5.7, 95%CI: 2.7, 12.3), or those who reported less than 6h of sleep during the previous 24h (OR 5.9, 95%CI: 1.7, 20.9). The population attributable risk for crashes associated with driving while not fully alert or sleepy was 34%, and driving after less than 6h sleep in the previous 24h was 9%. Driving by people reporting symptoms suggestive of obstructive sleep apnoea was not significantly associated with crash risk. ConclusionDriver sleepiness is an important contributor to injury-involved four-wheel motor vehicle crashes in Fiji, highlighting the need for evidence-based strategies to address this poorly characterised risk factor for car crashes in less resourced settings.

Low-Cost MEMS Sensors and Vision System for Motion and Position Estimation of a Scooter

The possibility to identify with significant accuracy the position of a vehicle in a mapping reference frame for driving directions and best-route analysis is a topic which is attracting a lot of interest from the research and development sector. To reach the objective of accurate vehicle positioning and integrate response events, it is necessary to estimate position, orientation and velocity of the system with high measurement rates. In this work we test a system which uses low-cost sensors, based on Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS) technology, coupled with information derived from a video camera placed on a two-wheel motor vehicle (scooter). In comparison to a four-wheel vehicle; the dynamics of a two-wheel vehicle feature a higher level of complexity given that more degrees of freedom must be taken into account. For example a motorcycle can twist sideways; thus generating a roll angle. A slight pitch angle has to be considered as well; since wheel suspensions have a higher degree of motion compared to four-wheel motor vehicles. In this paper we present a method for the accurate reconstruction of the trajectory of a “Vespa” scooter; which can be used as alternative to the “classical” approach based on GPS/INS sensor integration. Position and orientation of the scooter are obtained by integrating MEMS-based orientation sensor data with digital images through a cascade of a Kalman filter and a Bayesian particle filter.

Prevalence of sleepiness while driving four-wheel motor vehicles in Fiji: a population-based survey (TRIP 9)

IntroductionSleepiness has been shown to be a risk factor for road crashes in high-income countries, but has received little attention in low- and middle-income countries. We examined the prevalence of...

DRIVER SLEEPINESS AND RISK OF MOTOR VEHICLE CRASH INJURIES: A POPULATION-BASED CASE CONTROL STUDY IN FIJI

BackgroundThe few published studies investigating the role of driver sleepiness in road crashes in low and middle-income countries have largely focused on heavy vehicles.ObjectiveWe investigated the contribution of driver sleepiness...

Prevalence of driving while sleepy: a population-based survey of four-wheeled motor vehicle drivers in Fiji

BackgroundDespite its acknowledged relevance as a risk factor for road traffic injuries, few studies have quantified the prevalence of driver sleepiness in low and middle-income countries.ObjectiveWe examined the prevalence of...

Dynamics of Front-and-Rear-Wheel-Independent-Drive-Type Electric Vehicles at the Time of Failure

In this paper, the failsafe performance of front-and-rear-wheel-independent-drive-type electric vehicles (FRID EVs) is clarified from a practical viewpoint through vehicle dynamics analysis under various road conditions and experiments on a running test course. Dynamic analyses at the time of failure were performed under severe road conditions by comparing the vehicle trajectories of FRID EVs with those of conventional EVs, i.e., two- and four-wheel motor drive-type EVs. The analyzed results show that after failure, FRID EVs continue to run safely and stably; all of the conventional EVs deviate from the travel lane in less than 2 s, which is not sufficient time for an ordinary driver to steer the vehicle to safety after being notified about vehicle failure. Using a prototype FRID EV with practical specifications, failsafe performance at the time of failure was evaluated on test courses, including roads having an ultra-low friction coefficient (μ). The experimental results showed that even if failure occurred while cornering and when running on low- μ roads, the FRID EV continued to run stably. These results proved that FRID EVs could ensure safety at the time of failure under practical running conditions.

A global map for traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: towards a living data repository for injury prevention

Literature review. To map traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) globally and provide a framework for an ongoing repository of data for prevention. An initiative of the ISCoS Prevention Committee. The results obtained from the search of Medline/Embase using search phrases: TSCI incidence, aetiology, prevalence and survival were analysed. Stratification of data into green/yellow/red quality 'zones' allowed comparison between data. Reported global prevalence of TSCI is insufficient (236-1009 per million). Incidence data was comparable only for regions in North America (39 per million), Western Europe (15 per million) and Australia (16 per million). The major cause of TSCI in these regions involves four-wheeled motor vehicles, in contrast to South-east Asia where two-wheeled (and non-standard) road transport predominates. Southern Asia and Oceania have falls from rooftops and trees as the primary cause. High-fall rates are also seen in developed regions with aged populations (Japan/Western Europe). Violence/self-harm (mainly firearm-related) was higher in North America (15%) than either Western Europe (6%) or Australia (2%). Sub-Saharan Africa has the highest reported violence-related TSCI in the world (38%). Rates are also high in north Africa/Middle East (24%) and Latin America (22%). Developed countries have significantly improved TSCI survival compared with developing countries, particularly for tetraplegia. Developing countries have the highest 1-year mortality rates and in some countries in sub-Saharan Africa the occurrence of a spinal injury is likely to be a fatal condition within a year. Missing prevalence and insufficient incidence data is a recurrent feature of this review. The piecemeal approach to epidemiological reporting of TSCI, particularly failing to include sound regional denominators has exhausted its utility. Minimum data collection standards are required.

Predictive factors of chronic post-traumatic stress disorder 6 months after a road traffic accident

Background This study sets out to identify risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a road traffic accident with a view to improving prevention. Methods The study used a prospective cohort of road traffic accident casualties. All subjects over 15 years of age were recruited in the course of an interview conducted while they were receiving care in a hospital of the Rhône area administrative département. Six months after their accident, they answered a self-administered postal questionnaire that included the Post-traumatic Check-List Scale (PCLS) in order to evaluate PTSD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to compare those subjects with a PCLS score of 44 or over with those with a lower score, in order to identify factors that might be associated with PTSD. Results 592 subjects (out of 1168) returned the 6-month questionnaire and 541 completed the PCLS test. One hundred subjects had a PCLS score ≥44, suggesting PTSD, and 441 subjects did not. The factors associated with PTSD were initial injury severity, post-traumatic amnesia, the feeling of not being responsible for their accident and persistent pain 6 months after it. A lower odds-ratio was associated with users of two-wheel than four-wheel motor vehicles (OR = 0.4; 0.2–0.9). Conclusion Besides predictive factors for PTSD (injury severity, post-traumatic amnesia and the feeling of not being responsible for their accident), our study suggested a reduced risk of PTSD among two-wheel motor vehicle users.

AAP Publications Reaffirmed, January 2007

Subject Review: Alternative Routes of Drug Administration—Advantages and Disadvantages. Pediatrics. 1997;100:143–152Policy Statement: Folic Acid for the Prevention of Neural Tube Defects. Pediatrics. 1999;104:325–327Policy Statement: Personal Watercraft Use by Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2000;105:452–453Policy Statement: All-Terrain Vehicle Injury Prevention: Two-, Three-, and Four-Wheeled Unlicensed Motor Vehicles. Pediatrics. 2000;105:1352–1354Policy Statement: Children in Pickup Trucks. Pediatrics. 2000;106:857–859Policy Statement: Snowmobiling Hazards. Pediatrics. 2000;106:1142–1144Technical Report: Knee Brace Use in the Young Athlete. Pediatrics. 2001;108:503–507Policy Statement: Prevention of Agricultural Injuries Among Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2001;108:1016–1019Policy Statement: Guidelines for Referral to Pediatric Surgical Specialists. Pediatrics. 2002;110:187–191Policy Statement: Radiation Disasters and Children. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1455–1466Technical Report: Pediatric Exposure and Potential Toxicity of Phthalate Plasticizers. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1467–1474Clinical Report: Postexposure Prophylaxis in Children and Adolescents for Nonoccupational Exposure to Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Pediatrics. 2003;111:1475–1489Policy Statement: Prevention of Medication Errors in the Pediatric Inpatient Setting. Pediatrics. 2003;112:431–436Policy Statement: Poison Treatment in the Home. Pediatrics. 2003;112:1182–1185Technical Report: Human Milk, Breastfeeding, and Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 in the United States. Pediatrics. 2003;112:1196–1205

AAP Publications Retired and Reaffirmed

General Principles in the Care of Children and Adolescents With Genetic Disorders and Other Chronic Health ConditionsPediatrics. 1997;99:643–644Guidelines on Foregoing Life-Sustaining Medical TreatmentPediatrics. 1994;93:532–536The Inappropriate Use of School “Readiness” TestsPediatrics. 1995;95:437–438Aluminum Toxicity in Infants and ChildrenPediatrics. 1996;97:413–416Therapy for Children With Invasive Pneumococcal InfectionsPediatrics. 1997;99:289–299The Pediatrician and Childhood BereavementPediatrics. 2000;105:445–447Physical Fitness and Activity in SchoolsPediatrics. 2000;105:1156–1157Technical Report: Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies: A Review for PediatriciansPediatrics. 2000;106:1160–1165Pediatricians' Liability During DisastersPediatrics. 2000;106:1492–1493Technical Report: Precautions Regarding the Use of Aerosolized AntibioticsPediatrics. 2000;106(6):e89Institutional Ethics CommitteesPediatrics. 2001;107:205–209Infant Exercise ProgramsPediatrics. 1988;82:800Horseback Riding and Head InjuriesPediatrics. 1992;89:512Triathlon Participation by Children and AdolescentsPediatrics. 1996;98:511–512Safeguards Needed in the Transfer of Patient DataPediatrics. 1996;98:984–986Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Education in SchoolsPediatrics. 1998;101:933–935Confidentiality in Adolescent Health CareAAP News. April 1989:9Guidance for Effective DisciplinePediatrics. 1998;101:723–728The Role of the Pediatrician in Recognizing and Intervening on the Behalf of Abused WomenPediatrics. 1998;101:1091–1092Personal Watercraft Use by Children and AdolescentsPediatrics. 2000;105:452–453Swimming Programs for Infants and ToddlersPediatrics. 2000;105:868–870Firearm-Related Injuries Affecting the Pediatric PopulationPediatrics. 2000;105:888–895All-Terrain Vehicle Injury Prevention: Two-, Three-, and Four-Wheeled Unlicensed Motor VehiclesPediatrics. 2000;105:1352–1354Children in Pickup TrucksPediatrics. 2000;106:857–859Snowmobiling HazardsPediatrics. 2000;106:1142–1144Care of Children in the Emergency Department: Guidelines for PreparednessPediatrics. 2001;107:777–781