Foundations Of Theory Research Articles

An Analysis of Cohesive Devices on Phoenix Posts on The Death of Queen Elisabeth II

This paper explores some cohesive devices namely reference, repetition, and collocation on Phoenix messages by internet users worldwide in reaction to the death of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom. 400 e-messages on Phoenix platform were collected from 175 informants. Each participant provided at most three e-messages. The study examines the types of cohesive devices and the extent to which they are used in the various conversations of the texters. Insights were drawn from Halliday and Hassan (1976) who laid down the foundation of cohesion theory in English. They identified two different types of cohesive devices namely grammatical and lexical cohesion. The grammatical type is made up of reference, conjunction, substitution, and ellipsis; while lexical one comprises reiteration and collocation. Facts from the analysis of the data revealed that reference was the dominant cohesive devices. More precisely, the demonstrative pronouns (28.57%) are the most used referential items. it is seconded by possessive pronouns (23.42%) and the least employed devices is personal pronouns (20.57%). The results also indicated the use of repetition and collocation in messages of the participants. The most repeated word is Queen while the least reduplicated one is slave/slavery. Items of collocation are used at varying frequencies.

Fractal-Cluster Theory and Its Applications for the Description of Biological Organisms.

This article presents an overview of an alternative approach to the systematization and evolution of biological organisms on the basis of the fractal-cluster theory. It presents the foundations of the fractal-cluster theory for the self-organizing systems of the organism class. Static and dynamic efficiency criteria based on the fractal-cluster relations and the analytical apparatus of nonequilibrium thermodynamics are presented. We introduce a highly sensitive static criterion, D, which determines the deviation in the value of the clusters and subclusters of the fractal-cluster system structures from their reference values. Other static criteria are the fractal-cluster entropy H and the free energy F of an organism. The dynamic criterion is based on Prigogine's theorem and is determined by the second differential of the temporal trend of the fractal-cluster entropy H. By using simulations of the cluster variations for biological organisms in the (H, D, F)-space, the criteria for the fractal-cluster stochastics as well as for energy and evolution laws are obtained. The relationship between the traditional and fractal-cluster approaches for identifying an organism is discussed.

The Use of Theories in Competitive Intelligence: a Systematic Literature Review

The field of competitive intelligence is growing as organisations are looking to increase their competitive advantage in a global society. As this field grows, so does the research and academic literature on this practice. While theory that specifically focuses on competitive intelligence may be limited, theories from other popular and related fields such as management and psychology have been used to explain or guide some the popular competitive intelligence processes with the competitive intelligence cycle. This paper attempts to lay a foundation of relevant theory from previously published literature on competitive intelligence by mapping these theories against the six identified competitive intelligences processes.
 The qualitative approach used to achieve this was a literature analysis, involving thematic analysis through a process of coding. The resulting consolidation and processing of these theories led to the development of a useful framework from which other current and future theories can be added, paving the way for further theory development in the field of competitive intelligence.

Al-Qur’an Portrait of Educational Theories

The basic foundation of educational theory in the process of education and teaching in various educational institutions ranging from elementary to tertiary levels, whether we realize it or not, tends to refer to references to Western portrait educational theories built by its figures, such as the theories of empiricism, nativism, and convergence. This internalized acculturation tradition is a natural thing. However, on the other hand, it becomes a dilemma if the tendency is grounded (crystallized) without being balanced with motivation and courage for Muslim educators (ulu al-báb) to strive to build educational theories based on the portrait of the Qur’an by not denying their encounter (correspondence) with modern scientific civilization (hadharah al-’ilm). Isn’t it recognized and believed that the Qur’an in the Islamic world view is the main reference for problematic solutions—even if they are complicated-in various life problems, and of course this includes building educational theories. This research is a qualitative exploratory research with a philosophical approach from documents related to the substance of the study both primary and secondary, then analyzed “eidetic” and interpretation methods (hermeneutic). The results of this study indicate that the Qur’an is not just religious symbolism and pearls of wisdom that are considered sacred. But Book a myriad of theories that should produce Islamic ideological foundations and references to educational resources, because the Qur’an contains educational principles to produce educational theories. The principle is tawhid and rabbaniyah, the principle of tawhid and rabbaniyah (the spirit of divinity) is the main foundation for building revelation (wahyu) based education. Because in it provides an understanding of the Oneness of God, as well as a real manifestation of human essence as khalifah fi al-ardhi (substitute for God on earth).

Unlocking Organizational Sustainability: The Role of Talent Management through the Lens of the AMO Theory

Organizational sustainability has replaced the concept of organizational performance in the corporate era. Organizations are keener towards social, economic, and environmental performance than just financial performance. Corporations and researchers explore different subjects and departments to attain organizational sustainability. HRM is also a topic of interest to improve sustainability performance. The AMO theory is widely recognized as a robust framework within the Human Resource Management (HRM) field that offers valuable guidance for achieving improved sustainable performance. The main objective of this study was to investigate the theoretical foundations of the AMO theory concerning the many aspects of Talent Management, with the ultimate goal of achieving organizational sustainability. In order to achieve the aim of the study, a comprehensive examination of existing literature was undertaken to provide a theoretical framework. This conceptual paradigm comprises three phases: ability, motivation, and opportunity. Various Talent Management dimensions were supported by antecedent research to achieve organizational sustainability. Even though this concept establishes fundamental guidelines, pertinent knowledge must be considered to reconcile these procedures in various circumstances. This article provides an in-depth discussion of the AMO Theory to attain organizational sustainability in various aspects. A constructive framework was developed to create organizational sustainability by incorporating Talent Management into the context of the AMO theory. In this study, both theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Research and Practice of Mixed Online and Offline Marine English Teaching Strategies for Social Students

As the main practitioners of maritime industry, social trainees are the main practitioners of China's maritime power strategy. Maritime English, as the official language of maritime practitioners, is an important means of efficient communication and exchange among maritime practitioners from all over the world. In the context of the post pandemic, online teaching methods have injected new vitality into continuing education, and blended online and offline teaching has become an important content of teaching reform. This article takes the online and offline blended teaching of maritime English for social students as the main entry point, and proposes teaching optimization practical strategies from various aspects such as course teaching theory foundation, teaching design, and integration of course ideological and political points. Practice has proven that this teaching strategy can stimulate students' learning enthusiasm and effectively improve learning effectiveness.

Axion–neutrino couplings, late-time phase transitions and the far infrared physics

The far infrared physics is a fascinating topic for theoretical physics, since the foundation of quantum field theory and neutrinos seem to be strongly related with the far infrared physics of our Universe. In this work we shall explore the possibility of a late-time thermal phase transition caused by the axion–neutrino interactions. The axion is assumed to be the misalignment axion which is coupled primordially to a chiral symmetric neutrino. The chiral symmetry is supposed to be broken either spontaneously or explicitly, and two distinct phenomenological models of axion–neutrinos are constructed. The axion behaves as cold dark matter during all its evolution eras, however if we assume that the axion and the neutrino fields interact coherently in a classical way as fields, or as ensembles, then we consider thermal effects in the axion sector, due to the values of operators ϕ for the axion and ν̄ν due to the neutrinos. The thermal equilibrium between the two has no effect to the axion effective potential for a wide temperature range. As we show, contrary to the existing literature, the axion never becomes destabilized due to the finite temperature effects, however if axion-Higgs higher order non-renormalizable operators are present in the Lagrangian, the axion potential is destabilized in the temperature range T∼0.1MeV down to T∼0.01eV and a first order phase transition takes place. The initial axion vacuum decays to the energetically more favorable axion vacuum, and the latter decays to the Higgs vacuum which is more preferable. This late-time phase transition might take place in the redshift range z∼385−37 and thus it may cause density fluctuations in the post-recombination era. This might be the source of large scale matter structure at high redshifts z≥9. Following the literature, we qualitatively discuss the implications of such a late-time phase transition at the astrophysical and cosmological level.

Dynamic Electrophoresis of a Hydrophobic and Dielectric Fluid Droplet.

Dynamic electrophoresis is the foundation for electroacoustical measurements, in which the electroacoustical signals may be used to analyze the size and electrostatic charge of colloidal entities by means of the results for dynamic electrophoretic mobility. Thus, the electrophoresis under an alternating electric field is the key foundation for electroacoustic theory. In this article, we develop a tractable analytical theory for the dynamic electrophoresis of hydrophobic and dielectric fluid droplets possessing uniform surface charge density. The tiny fluid droplets possess charged mobile surfaces and have found widespread applications in our day-to-day life. For dielectric fluid droplets (e.g., oil-water emulsions), the tangential electric stress at the interface is nonzero, which significantly affects its electrohydrodynamics under an oscillatory electric field, which has, however, a negligible impact on the electrophoretic motion of conducting droplets (e.g., mercury droplets). Besides, the micro/nanoscale fluid droplets often show hydrophobicity when they are immersed in an aqueous medium, and the impact of the electric field on hydrophobic surfaces remains a research frontier in the chemical discipline. Whereas a number of approximate expressions for electrophoretic mobility have been derived for the conducting droplet, none of them are applicable to such generic hydrophobic fluid droplets with dielectric permittivity that is significantly lower than or comparable to that of an aqueous medium. In this work, within the Debye-Hückel electrostatic framework, we elaborate an original analytical expression of dynamic electrophoretic mobility for this generic dielectric fluid droplet with a hydrophobic surface considering that the droplet retains its spherical shape during its oscillatory motion. We further derived a set of simplified expressions for dynamic electrophoretic mobility deduced under several limiting cases. The results are further illustrated, indicating the impact of pertinent parameters.

Analog Programmable‐Photonic Computation

AbstractDigital electronics is a technological cornerstone in this modern society that has covered the increasing demand for computing power during the last decades thanks to a periodic doubling of transistor density in integrated circuits. Currently, such scaling law is reaching its fundamental limit, leading to the emergence of a large gamut of applications that cannot be supported by digital electronics, specifically, those that involve real‐time multi‐data processing, e.g., medical diagnostic imaging, robotic control, and autonomous driving, among others. In this scenario, an analog computing approach implemented in a real‐time reconfigurable nonelectronic hardware such as programmable integrated photonics (PIP) can be more efficient than digital electronics to perform these emerging applications. However, actual analog computing models such as quantum and neuromorphic computation were not conceived to extract the unique benefits of PIP (and integrated photonics in general). Here, the foundations of a new computation theory are presented, termed Analog Programmable‐Photonic Computation (APC), explicitly designed to unleash the full potential of PIP technology. Interestingly, APC enables overcoming basic theoretical and technological limitations of existing computational models and can be implemented in other technologies (e.g., in electronics, acoustics or using metamaterials), consequently exhibiting the potential to spark a ground‐breaking impact on the information society.

Thinking by metaphor, fast and slow: Deliberate Metaphor Theory offers a new model for metaphor and its comprehension.

The immense increase in metaphor theory and research over the past decades is posing a threat of fragmentation to the field, which has been responded to by calls for new and more encompassing approaches to virtually all aspects metaphorical. This article argues that the opposite response may be more productive. By focusing on a different way of theorizing metaphor and its comprehension, existing theories and data can be re-ordered in an alternative and coherent way, which moreover breaks new grounds in tying up both with a general theory for all utterance comprehension as well as a general theory for all cognition as involving fast and slow thinking. The core of the new theory highlights the differentiation between deliberate and non-deliberate metaphor use, related to how people see the use of a metaphor as a metaphor in communication, that is, as a metaphor that counts as a metaphor between language users. It shows how this distinction can be employed to make sense of many insights about metaphor and its comprehension in innovative ways. The article outlines the foundations of the new theory and discusses how existing data, old and new, can be seen as supporting the new proposals.

Theoretical Musicology in Bukovyna (on the Example of S. Vorobkevych’s Harmony Textbook)

The purpose of the work is to characterise the state of theoretical musicology in Bukovyna in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries on the basis of Sydir Vorobkevych’s work “Musical Harmony”. Research methodology. The article is based on the following research methods: historical, biographical, cultural, and theoretical generalisation. The systematic approach of scientific research helped to analyse the work, which became one of the attempts to adapt the theoretical foundations of musical harmony to the needs of the multinational environment of the Bukovyna region. Scientific novelty is that for the first time, the article thoroughly analyses the music-theoretical work that became the basis for theoretical training of music specialists in Bukovyna, and draws conclusions about the peculiarities of musicology in the region. Conclusions. One of the first theoretical works in Bukovyna to appear during the period of Austro-Hungarian rule in the region was a textbook on harmony by Sydir Vorobkevych. Despite the fact that the vast majority of imported books and works of local artists were written in German, S. Vorobkevych’s “Musical Harmony” was written in Romanian, as the majority of the region’s population was Romanian. The need for such a textbook was extremely relevant among the musicians of Bukovyna and Chernivtsi. S. Vorobkevych created one of the first works of theoretical musicology in Bukovyna, which became the basis of musical education in the region. Sydir Vorobkevych’s work is fully in line with the traditions of the second half of the nineteenth century and confirms the idea that the terminology and methodological explanation of the foundations of music theory, in particular musical harmony, were at the stage of development at that time and underwent changes already in the next century. S. Vorobkevych’s “Musical harmony” is a source of information about the basic postulates of theoretical musicology, related to the principles of harmonic thinking, which, according to the author of the textbook, is an indispensable basis for successful composing.
 Key words: art of Bukovyna, musicology, musical education of Bukovyna, musical harmony, music theory.

Ontology and the foundations of quantum theory

Ontology and the foundations of quantum theory

A possibilistic no-go theorem on the Wigner’s friend paradox

The famous ‘Wigner’s friend’ paradox highlights the difficulty of modelling the evolution of quantum systems under measurement in situations where observers themselves are considered to be subject to the laws of quantum mechanics. In recent years, variations of the original Wigner’s friend paradox have been recognized as fruitful arenas for probing the foundations of quantum theory. In particular (Bong et al 2020 Nat. Phys. 16 1199) demonstrated a contradiction between a set of intuitive assumptions called ‘Local Friendliness’ (LF) and certain quantum phenomena on an extended version of the Wigner’s friend paradox. The LF assumptions can be understood as the conjunction of two independent assumptions: Absoluteness of Observed Events requires that any event observed by any observer has an absolute, rather than relative, value; Local Agency is the assumption that an intervention cannot be correlated with relevant events outside its future light cone. These assumptions are weaker than the assumptions that lead to Bell’s theorem, and thus while the LF result may be considered to be conceptually comparable to Bell’s result, its implications are even deeper. The proof of the LF no-go theorem, however, relies on probability theory, and a fundamental question remained whether or not LF is an inherently statistical concept. Here we present a probability-free version of the LF theorem, building upon Hardy’s no-go theorem for local hidden variables. The argument is phrased in the language of possibilities, which we make formal by using a modal logical approach. It relies on a weaker version of Local Agency, which we call ‘Possibilistic Local Agency’: the assumption that an intervention cannot affect the possibilities of events outside its future light cone.

Exploration and Practice of Case Teaching in Graduate Control Courses

With the growing team of graduate students, the uneven emergence of control theory foundation of the student source, the traditional classroom transmission mode and passive learning mode within the limited classroom teaching is difficult to achieve the expected teaching goals of the course. Therefore, reference and reference for further in-depth research on graduate education are expected by exploring diversified case teaching for the knowledge points of control courses and combining with the situation of the student source, cultivating the autonomy, creativity and systematic of the learning process of graduate students, and improving the teaching effect and education quality of graduate students.

The categorical foundations of quantum information theory: Categories and the Cramer–Rao inequality

An extension of Cencov’s categorical description of classical inference theory to the domain of quantum systems is presented. It provides a novel categorical foundation to the theory of quantum information that embraces both classical and quantum information theories in a natural way, while also allowing to formalize the notion of quantum environment. A first application of these ideas is provided by extending the notion of statistical manifold to incorporate categories, and investigating a possible, uniparametric Cramer–Rao inequality in this setting.

Generalized Bell Scenarios: Disturbing Consequences on Local-Hidden-Variable Models.

Bell nonlocality and Kochen-Specker contextuality are among the main topics in the foundations of quantum theory. Both of them are related to stronger-than-classical correlations, with the former usually referring to spatially separated systems, while the latter considers a single system. In recent works, a unified framework for these phenomena was presented. This article reviews, expands, and obtains new results regarding this framework. Contextual and disturbing features inside the local models are explored, which allows for the definition of different local sets with a non-trivial relation among them. The relations between the set of quantum correlations and these local sets are also considered, and post-quantum local behaviours are found. Moreover, examples of correlations that are both local and non-contextual but such that these two classical features cannot be expressed by the same hidden variable model are shown. Extensions of the Fine-Abramsky-Brandenburger theorem are also discussed.

Hierarchical game theoretical distributed adaptive control for large scale multi‐group multi‐agent system

AbstractThis paper introduces a distributed adaptive formation control for large‐scale multi‐agent systems (LS‐MAS) that addresses the heavy computational complexity and communication traffic challenges while directly extending conventional distributed control from small scale to large scale. Specifically, a novel hierarchical game theoretic algorithm is developed to provide a feasible theory foundation for solving LS‐MAS distributed optimal formation problem by effectively integrating the mean‐field game (MFG), the Stackelberg game, and the cooperative game. In particular, LS‐MAS is divided into multiple groups geographically with each having one group leader and a significant amount of followers. Then, a cooperative game is used among multi‐group leaders to formulate distributed inter‐group formation control for leaders. Meanwhile, an MFG is adopted for a large number of intra‐group followers to achieve the collective intra‐group formation while a Stackelberg game is connecting the followers with their corresponding leader within the same group to achieve the overall LS‐MAS multi‐group formation behavior. Moreover, a hybrid actor–critic‐based reinforcement learning algorithm is constructed to learn the solution of the hierarchical game‐based optimal distributed formation control. Finally, to show the effectiveness of the presented schemes, numerical simulations and Lyapunov analysis is performed.

Theoretical Interpretation of pH and Salinity Effect on Oil-in-Water Emulsion Stability Based on Interfacial Chemistry and Implications for Produced Water Demulsification

The petroleum industry produces thousands of barrels of oilfield waters from the initial stage driven by primary production mechanisms to the tertiary stage. These produced waters contain measurable amounts of oil-in-water emulsions, the exact amounts being determined by the chemistry of the crude oil. To meet strict environmental regulations governing the disposal of such produced waters, demulsification to regulatory permissible levels is required. Within the electric double layer theory, coupled with the analytical solutions to the Poisson–Boltzmann Equation, continuum electrostatics approaches can be used to describe the stability and electrokinetic properties of emulsions. In the literature, much of the surface charge density and zeta potential relationship to emulsion stability has been confined to systems with less salinity. In this paper, we have exploited the theoretical foundations of the electric double layer theory to carry out theoretical evaluations of emulsion salinity based on zeta potential and surface charge density calculations. Most importantly, our approaches have enabled us to extend such theoretical calculations to systems of the higher salinity characteristic of oil-in-water emulsions found in oilfield-produced waters, based on crude oil samples from the literature with varying surface chemistry. Moreover, based on the definition of acid crude oils, our choice of samples represents two distinct classes of crude oils. This approach enabled us to evaluate the stability of emulsions associated with these produced oilfield waters in addition to predicting the potential of demulsification using demulsifiers. Given that the salinity range of this study is that encountered with the vast majority of produced oilfield waters, the findings from our theoretical predictions are perfect guides as far as emulsion stability is concerned.

In Memory of Ken Mellor

This article is dedicated to the memory of Ken Mellor, a teacher and a supervisor of Transactional Analysis in psychotherapy, who passed away in July 2023 in Australia. Ken Mellor made a great contribution to the development of Transactional Analysis and to the emergence and development of a new field Spiritual Transactional Analysis. He published many of his papers in professional journals including the Transactional Analysis Journal of the International Transactional Analysis Association (ITAA). This article focuses on his contributions to the expansion and development of Transactional Analysis and on the connection that he saw between the foundations of Transactional Analysis theory and spirituality. It describes his ideas and additions to Eric Bernes ideas on autonomy. In one of his articles published in the Transactional Analysis Journal (TAJ), Ken draws on his spiritual experiences and practices to suggest specific steps that can be taken to arrive at autonomy. To the well-known components described by Eric Berne awareness, spontaneity, and readiness for intimacy Ken added another important component that Eric Berne had not written about.

Simultaneous Momentum and Position Measurement and the Instrumental Weyl-Heisenberg Group.

The canonical commutation relation, [Q,P]=iℏ, stands at the foundation of quantum theory and the original Hilbert space. The interpretation of P and Q as observables has always relied on the analogies that exist between the unitary transformations of Hilbert space and the canonical (also known as contact) transformations of classical phase space. Now that the theory of quantum measurement is essentially complete (this took a while), it is possible to revisit the canonical commutation relation in a way that sets the foundation of quantum theory not on unitary transformations but on positive transformations. This paper shows how the concept of simultaneous measurement leads to a fundamental differential geometric problem whose solution shows us the following. The simultaneous P and Q measurement (SPQM) defines a universal measuring instrument, which takes the shape of a seven-dimensional manifold, a universal covering group we call the instrumental Weyl-Heisenberg (IWH) group. The group IWH connects the identity to classical phase space in unexpected ways that are significant enough that the positive-operator-valued measure (POVM) offers a complete alternative to energy quantization. Five of the dimensions define processes that can be easily recognized and understood. The other two dimensions, the normalization and phase in the center of the IWH group, are less familiar. The normalization, in particular, requires special handling in order to describe and understand the SPQM instrument.