Research Foundation Research Articles

Chemical compositions and enzyme inhibitory activities of the essential oils of Amomum putrescens D. Fang from Vietnam

Amomum putrescens D. Fang is a member of the genus Amomum Roxb. (Zingiberaceae), which is found in Vietnam and China. To date, the chemical components and bioactivities of A. putrescens essential oils (EOs) have not been investigated. In this work, the rhizome and pseudo-stem EOs of A. putrescens from Northern Vietnam were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). These EOs were evaluated for their biological effects by inhibiting α-amylase and tyrosinase enzymes. Regarding the chemical composition profile, thirty-two and thirty-six volatile components accounted for 97.88% and 98.37% of the rhizome and pseudo-stem EOs, respectively. The main constituents in these EOs were β-pinene, myrtenyl acetate, α-pinene, and trans-pinocarvyl acetate. Notably, β-phellandrene (5.87%) was found only in the pseudo-stem EO but absent in the rhizome EO. In the enzyme inhibitory test, both EOs revealed inhibitory activity against α-amylase (IC50 = 122.37 ± 26.55 μg/mL for rhizomes and IC50 = 108.48 ± 0.44 μg/mL for pseudostems) and tyrosinase (IC50 = 910.85 ± 70.40 μg/mL for pseudo-stems), while rhizome EO had no inhibitory effect on the tyrosinase enzyme. The evidence explored in the present work will lay a scientific foundation for further research on the bioactivities and the extracted components of different parts of A. putrescens, especially the volatile oil components.

Autonomous Emergency Gliding Landing Guidance and Control of Tilt-Wing Electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing for Urban Air Mobility Missions Using Control Barrier Functions

Urban Air Mobility (UAM) aims to transform urban transportation through innovative applications of electric Vertical Take-Off and Landing (eVTOL) aircraft. This paper focuses on tilt-wing eVTOLs, which offer significant advantages in energy efficiency and operational versatility. However, their unique flight characteristics present challenges, particularly during emergency landings. To address this, we propose a novel control framework that utilizes control barrier functions (CBFs) to ensure safe landings within urban environments, characterized by numerous obstacles and varying conditions. By integrating trajectory generation, tracking, and attitude control under stringent safety constraints, our method prioritizes occupant safety while complying with FAA airworthiness standards. We illustrate the framework’s effectiveness through simulations, demonstrating its ability to guide eVTOLs to safe touchdowns despite power loss or other emergencies. This study not only advances the understanding of emergency landing mechanisms for eVTOLs but also contributes to the broader field of urban air traffic management, offering a foundation for future research and practical implementations of UAM. The innovative combination of CBFs and global optimization techniques sets a new precedent for resilient aircraft control in complex urban scenarios, paving the way for the safe integration of eVTOLs into everyday urban life.

The Impact of VR Exhibition Experiences on Presence, Interaction, Immersion, and Satisfaction: Focusing on the Experience Economy Theory (4Es)

This study systematically analyzes and emphasizes the importance of VR exhibition experiences, a relatively under-researched area. It examines the effects of VR exhibition experiences on presence and interaction and the influence of interaction on presence. Additionally, how these factors impact user immersion and satisfaction is explored, and the relationship between exhibition immersion and satisfaction is analyzed. Specifically, this study investigates how virtual exhibition experiences, similar to those in physical galleries, provide a sense of reality, leading to immersion in the artwork and ultimately resulting in satisfaction. The findings reveal that, among the VR exhibition experience factors, entertainment, escapism, and aesthetic experiences positively (+) affected interaction, while educational experiences negatively (−) influenced it. Furthermore, entertainment, escapism, and educational experiences positively influenced presence, whereas aesthetic experiences did not significantly impact it. Interaction significantly affected presence and positively influenced both immersion and satisfaction. Presence positively affected immersion but did not significantly affect satisfaction. Finally, immersion positively affected satisfaction. This study suggests that strategies that enhance interaction and presence are crucial in designing VR exhibition experiences. They also provide an important foundation for future research by systematically analyzing the relationships between presence, interaction, immersion, and satisfaction in VR exhibition experiences.

An overview of evaluating the efficacy of microbial pathogens for biological control of the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier, 1790) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) insights from laboratory and field studies

Abstract Background This overview explores the use of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), fungi (EPFs), bacteria (EPBs), and viruses (EPVs) as biological control strategies against the red palm weevil (RPW) (Rhynchophorus ferrugineus), a significant pest of date palms in Saudi Arabia. Laboratory and field studies have evaluated the efficacy of these pathogens, which employ different infection mechanisms to manage RPW populations. The review aims to provide insights into the pathogenicity and application methods of these microbial agents, supporting the development of sustainable integrated pest management strategies for date palm cultivation. Results The results indicate that entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), fungi (EPFs), bacteria (EPBs), and viruses (EPVs) are effective microbial agents for controlling the red palm weevil (RPW), a significant pest of date palms in Saudi Arabia. Laboratory and field studies have demonstrated their efficacy, utilizing different infection mechanisms to manage RPW populations at various life stages. However, limitations exist, including a lack of comprehensive research on certain microbial pathogens and the need for further studies to optimize application methods and environmental adaptability. These gaps highlight the importance of this review in synthesizing findings and providing a solid foundation for future research on sustainable integrated pest management strategies for RPW control. Conclusion This overview underscores the potential of entomopathogenic microorganisms as effective biocontrol agents against the red palm weevil, emphasizing their role in sustainable pest management strategies. Continued research is essential to address existing gaps and optimize the application of these microbial agents in date palm cultivation.

Influence of Mesalazine on Ferroptosis-Related Gene Expression in In Vitro Colorectal Cancer Culture

Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common oncological disorders. Its fundamental treatments include surgery and chemotherapy, predominantly utilizing 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Despite medical advances, CRC continues to present a high risk of recurrence, metastasis and low survival rates. Consequently, significant emphasis has been directed towards exploring novel types of cell death, particularly ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is characterized by iron imbalance and the accumulation of lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to cellular damage and death. Thus, the discovery of safe inducers of ferroptosis, offering new hope in the struggle against CRC, remains crucial. In this study, we applied the concept of drug repositioning, selecting mesalazine (MES), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), for investigation. Methods: The study was conducted on the colon cancer cell line DLD-1 and normal intestinal epithelial cells from the CCD 841 CoN cell line. Both cell lines were treated with MES solutions at concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mM. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay, while ferroptosis-related gene expression analysis was performed using oligonucleotide microarrays, with RT-qPCR used for validation. Results: MES effectively reduces the viability of DLD-1 cells while minimally affecting normal intestinal cells. Subsequent oligonucleotide microarray analysis revealed that MES significantly alters the expression of 56 genes associated with ferroptosis. Conclusion: Our results suggest that MES may induce ferroptosis in CRC, providing a foundation for further research in this area.

New public management as an extension of neoliberal ideology

Ideology is invisibly present in economics. Some schools of economic thought, such as Marxism or old institutional ism, admit the fact of researchers having their own value systems. However, proponents of neoliberal ideas insist on the positive and non-ideological nature of economic science. Denying neoliberalism’s ideological foundations affects socio-economic policy in regulating the public sector of the economy. The study aims to reveal the relationship between managerialism and neoliberal ideology. The foundation of research resides in the theory of new public management, old institutional economics theory, and approaches of narrative economics. The selection and full text screening of Russian-language scientific publications were carried out using narrative analysis and the PRISMA method. The evidence base covers an array of studies by Russian researchers on managerialism, new public management, and neoliberalism. The paper reveals that scholars predominantly view managerialism as a continuation of neoliberal ideology. We have traced the evolution of theoretical and practical aspects of neoliberalism, which can be classified as a loose concept subject to heavy criticism, and identified three additional types of neoliberalism specific to Russian economic science. The findings illustrate that the practical implementation of new public management shifts the focus from long-term strategic goals to short-term results.

Recent Contributions to the Development of Barrel End-Mill Machining Technologies for Titanium Alloys in the Aerospace Context

This study investigates the utilization of barrel end-mills in machining titanium alloys for aerospace applications. It involves a comprehensive review of the relevant literature and a preliminary experimental investigation, incorporating the influence of measurement direction on surface roughness and the behavior of cutting forces. The primary objective is to assess the performance and efficiency of these end-mills when machining challenging materials and to identify optimal cutting strategies. This paper emphasizes the significance of titanium alloys in the aerospace sector, due to their exceptional mechanical properties, and the problems encountered in their processing. It also highlights the advantages of barrel end-mills, such as enhanced accessibility and superior surface finish. Through a combination of literature review, practical experimentation under controlled conditions, and statistical analysis, this study investigates the surface roughness of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy, confirming a significant difference between longitudinal and transverse roughness. The preliminary experiment revealed that the average values of longitudinal and transverse roughness were 0.237 µm and 0.263 µm, respectively. The coefficients of variation indicated a greater variation in longitudinal roughness (19.79%) compared to transverse roughness (18.61%). This study’s conclusions provide a solid foundation for future research into machining titanium alloys with barrel end-mills, contributing to the optimization of manufacturing processes and the enhancement of aerospace component performance.

ANALISIS EKONOMI KREATIF DAN PENGGUNAAN TEKNOLOGI DIGITAL STUDI TENTANG TRANSFORMASI DAN PELUANG PERTUMBUHAN BISNIS

This study aims to examine the development of the creative economy and the adoption of digital technology through a qualitative approach and bibliometric analysis. Data collection was carried out by reviewing literature published between 2018 and 2023 to ensure the relevance and timeliness of the information. The analysis method used VOSviewer software to identify trends and patterns in the literature and map out research areas that require further exploration. The findings show that, although there is a close connection between the creative economy, technology, and digital economy, the research cluster covering these four topics is relatively smaller compared to other topics, indicating significant research gaps. The study identifies that policies accelerating digital transformation and the development of the creative sector in Indonesia can be key drivers of creative economy growth. Furthermore, digital transformation in Indonesia's economy holds significant potential despite challenges related to technological disparities and labor absorption. This research also highlights the importance of digital infrastructure and the enhancement of human resource quality to support digital economic growth. These findings provide valuable insights for researchers and practitioners to further explore under-discussed topics and offer a strong foundation for future research on the role of the creative economy and technology in creating new opportunities in the digital age.

Research Progress and Trend Analysis of Picking Technology for Korla Fragrant Pear

This article provides a comprehensive review of the current results of pear-picking technology, delving into the development process, classification, application status, and development trends of picking machinery, picking robots, and intelligent technology. By analyzing the key technologies in pear fruit harvesting, this paper explores the working principles of harvesting machinery, the technical characteristics of harvesting robots, and the potential applications of intelligent technology. Furthermore, a bibliometric analysis was employed to examine two decades of the research literature on Korla fragrant pear, spanning from January 2004 to June 2024, utilizing the core collection of the Web of Science and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database as the retrieval platforms. The visualization of the analysis results indicates that the focal points of research in this field are predominantly aspects such as the quality and storage conditions of fragrant pears, with a scarcity of studies directed toward mechanized harvesting. Additionally, this study addresses the existing challenges and issues within pear-picking technology and delineates potential avenues for future development, with the objective of providing a foundation for subsequent research on Korla fragrant pear-harvesting technology.

Real-time multi-sensor fusion for object detection and localization in self-driving cars: A Carla simulation

Research on integrating camera and LiDAR in self-driving car systems has important scientific significance in the context of developing 4.0 technology and applying artificial intelligence. The research contributes to improving the accuracy in recognizing and locating objects in complex environments. This is an important foundation for further research on optimizing response time and improving the safety of self-driving systems. This study proposes a real-time multi-sensor data fusion method, termed "Multi-Layer Fusion," for object detection and localization in autonomous vehicles. The fusion process leverages pixel-level and feature-level integration, ensuring seamless data synchronization and robust performance under adverse conditions. Experiments conducted on the CARLA simulator. The results show that the method significantly improves environmental perception and object localization, achieving a mean detection accuracy of 95% and a mean distance error of 0.54 meters across diverse conditions, with real-time performance at 30 FPS. These results demonstrate its robustness in both ideal and adverse scenarios

Design thinking in action: a quantitative study of design thinking practices in innovation projects

PurposeDesign thinking is widely recognized as an effective problem-solving approach in the professional and academic world, albeit with varying interpretations. It has been studied in multiple forms – as a tool, a practice, a skill and a mindset – leading to ongoing debates about its fundamental nature. This study aims to explore the use of design thinking in practice and determine how its application varies depending on the characteristics of the innovation projects, namely, the types of goals pursued and the level of uncertainty involved.Design/methodology/approachUsing a survey methodology and a knowledge-intensive empirical setting, this study analyzes a data set of 221 innovation consulting projects based on design thinking conducted by European consulting firms and design agencies.FindingsBy analyzing the survey data, the authors identify six distinct sets of design thinking practices: discovering user needs, understanding the problem addressed, challenging existing assumptions, navigating the problem-solution pair, ideating through visualizations and learning through prototypes. The authors also identify configurations of these design thinking practices that are used to address different innovation project goals and levels of uncertainty.Practical implicationsThe study draws attention to the need for design thinking practitioners to be aware of how different innovation project goals and levels of uncertainty can be pursued/addressed through the use of alternative configurations of design thinking practices.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors knowledge, this study is one of the first large-scale quantitative analyses of the nature of design thinking in action, providing a solid foundation for future research on design thinking.

Innovators and transformers: envisioning a revolution in middle mile logistics with extended range cargo drones

PurposeThis paper investigates the integration of middle mile drones (MMD) into logistics operations, addressing two key questions: (1) What are the drivers, financial implications and upcoming innovations associated with integrating drones into MM logistics? and (2) What challenges need to be overcome for successful implementation of drones in MM logistics?Design/methodology/approachThe study combines expertise from an industry professional with over ten years of experience in drone operations and logistics applications, along with insights gained from discussions with 33 industry executives.FindingsThe research identifies several unique advantages of integrating drones into MM logistics, including their potential to improve operational efficiency in challenging environments. However, significant challenges related to scalability, evolving airframe designs and operational constraints remain. Early-stage use cases demonstrate the viability of MMD technologies in lower-risk logistics environments, but broader implementation requires overcoming the identified challenges.Research limitations/implicationsAs MMD logistics is a nascent field, the study is exploratory and based on early-stage use cases and expert discussions. The limited scope of practical implementations may restrict the generalizability of the findings. Future research should focus on larger-scale operations and empirical studies of MMD integration in diverse logistics contexts.Practical implicationsThe findings offer valuable insights for practitioners related to the costs, benefits and challenges of integrating drones into logistics operations and for policymakers related to societal implications, workforce development, privacy and safety concerns, and environmental impact.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the evolving understanding of drone applications in MM logistics by presenting early use cases and identifying both challenges and opportunities for MMD technology and offers a foundation for future research and practice in this emerging domain.

The impact of physical exercise on primary school teachers’ professional ethics: the mediating role of self-control

BackgroundPhysical exercise has been shown to positively impact psychological and behavioral outcomes, yet its influence on professional ethics in educators remains underexplored. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this relationship is essential for developing interventions to promote ethical behavior in educational contexts.ObjectivesThis study aims to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and professional ethics among elementary school teachers, with a specific focus on the mediating role of self-control.MethodsA sample of 380 elementary school teachers was recruited from Guangxi and Shandong provinces in China. Data on physical exercise, self-control, and professional ethics were collected using validated scales. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the direct and indirect effects of physical exercise on professional ethics.ResultsThe findings revealed a significant positive correlation between physical exercise, self-control, and professional ethics. Self-control was found to partially mediate the relationship, with physical exercise having both a direct positive effect (β = 0.25, p < 0.01) and a stronger indirect effect (β = 0.50, p < 0.001) on professional ethics through self-control. The indirect effect accounted for 57.3% of the total effect.ConclusionThis study highlights the dual-pathway mechanism through which physical exercise enhances professional ethics, directly and indirectly via self-control. Practical implications include promoting physical activity and self-regulatory training as strategies to foster ethical behavior in educators. These findings provide a foundation for future research and interventions in educational settings.

Navigating father-child relationships in single mother families: an exploratory narrative analysis

ABSTRACT This study explores the intricate dynamics of father-child relationships in single mother households within the Ghanaian context. The key objective is to understand the experiences of mothers and children in single mother households regarding how fathers were perceived, how they cope with the absence of fathers, and most importantly, how this influenced the dynamics of father-child relationships. Underpinned by the the exploratory narrative analysis, I conducted interviews with 25 participants – comprising 15 single mothers and 10 children, which provided authentic and poignant perspectives on the subject matter. The narrative analysis reveals irresponsibility, unreliability, lack of care, and emotional absence in the portrayal of absent fathers. On the emotional influence of fathers’ absence on children, themes such as ‘emotional distress and abandonment,’ resentment, and negative attachment were uncovered. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that ideologies and emotional complexities embedded in the use of negative language influences the experiences and dynamics of father-child interactions; and these experiences inturn, influence the strong use of negative language. Language, therefore, shapes emotions and vice versa, and experiences reinforce it – making them antecedents of resentment or empathy between children and their absent biological fathers. Key takeaways include fostering open communication, and empathy, challenging structural and social norms, and nurturing supportive ecosystems for single mothers and their children. Overall, the study lays a foundation for future research and interventions that promote well-being and familial bonds within the Ghanaian context.

El rol del método inductivo como vínculo entre las teorías educativas y las prácticas de aula

This study addresses the issue of the relationship between theories and pedagogical models,focusing on their connection with educational research and classroom practice. In this context, the main objective is to analyze the role of the inductive method in the relationship between theories and pedagogical models from classroom praxis, using meta-research and reflective critique based on Grounded Theory. Thus, the definitions of theories and pedagogical models, the historical role of the inductive method in educational research, the relationship between inductive reasoning,the main theories and pedagogical models, and the practical implications of these approaches in teaching and learning are explored. The results reveal that the inductive method is essential for formulating hypotheses, theories, and models from empirical observations, providing a solid foundation for educational research. Additionally, it has significantly influenced the development of various pedagogical models, facilitating the integration of theory and practice, which is vital foreffective teaching. In conclusion, the study highlights the ongoing relevance of the inductive method in educational research and its potential to improve pedagogical practices, especially with the advancement of technology, which offers new opportunities to enhance data collection and analysis.

Computational Model to Predict Potential Therapeutic Targets Employing Generative Adversarial Networks for Analysis of Proteins Involved in Mycobacterium fortuitum Biofilm Formation

Abstract: A planktonic population of bacteria can form a biofilm by adhesion and colonization. Proteins known as “adhesins” can bind to certain environmental structures, such as sugars, which will cause the bacteria to attach to the substrate. Quorum sensing is used to establish the population is dense enough to form a biofilm. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of our investigation into these processes, specifically focusing on Mycobacterium fortuitum, an emerging pathogen of increasing clinical relevance. In our study, we detailed the methodology employed for the proteomic analysis of M. fortuitum, as well as our innovative application of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). These advanced computational tools allow us to analyze complex data sets and identify patterns that might otherwise remain obscured. With a particular focus on the effectiveness of GAN, the identified proteins and their potential roles in the context of M. fortuitum's pathogenesis were discussed. The insights gained from this study can significantly contribute to our understanding of this emerging pathogen and pave the way for developing targeted interventions, potentially leading to improved diagnostic tools and more effective therapeutic strategies against M. fortuitum infection. The authors can achieve 95.43% accuracy for the generator and 87.89% for the discriminator. The model was validated by considering different Machine learning algorithms, reinforcing that integrating computational techniques with microbiological investigations can significantly enhance our understanding of emerging pathogens. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of exploring the molecular mechanisms behind biofilm formation and pathogenicity, providing a foundation for future research that could lead to innovative solutions in combating infections caused by M. fortuitum and other similar pathogens.

Functional Characterization of the PoWHY1 Gene from Platycladus orientalis and Its Role in Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana

The frequent occurrence of extreme weather conditions in the world has brought many unfavorable factors to plant growth, causing the growth and development of plants to be hindered and even leading to plant death, with abiotic stress hindering the growth and metabolism of plants due to severe uncontrollability. The WHY1 transcription factor plays a critical role in regulating gene expression in plants, influencing chlorophyll biosynthesis, plant growth, and development, as well as responses to environmental stresses. The important role of the PoWHY1 gene in regulating plant growth and adaptation to environmental stress has become a hot research topic. However, the mechanism of the PoWHY1 gene in Platycladus orientalis under abiotic stress is still unclear. Here, the PoWHY1 gene was analyzed bioinformatically using P. orientalis as study material, and the role of the gene against abiotic stress conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana was verified using transgenic technology. It was found that overexpression of PoWHY1 increased seed germination, decreased malondialdehyde accumulation, increased proline content, and delayed the senescence process under salt stress. The expression levels of JAZ1, LOX1, ABI1, and ABI2 were decreased, while the expression levels of RAB18, APX1, GSTF6, and DREB2A were increased, indicating that overexpression of PoWHY1 enhanced the salt stress tolerance of A. thaliana. Furthermore, PoWHY1 overexpression also increased drought tolerance in A. thaliana. From the above results, it can be concluded that maintaining high PoWHY1 expression levels in the leaves of P. orientalis can improve their environmental adaptability. The results provide a scientific basis for understanding the gene function of the PoWHY1 gene of P. orientalis under stress conditions and lay the foundation for further research on the function of the PoWHY1 gene.

Synthesis, Antimalarial Activity and Molecular Dynamics Studies of Pipecolisporin: A Novel Cyclic Hexapeptide with Potent Therapeutic Potential

Malaria, caused by Plasmodium species and transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, continues to pose a significant global health threat. Pipecolisporin, a cyclic hexapeptide isolated from Nigrospora oryzae, has emerged as a promising antimalarial candidate due to its potent biological activity and stability. This study explores the synthesis, antimalarial activity, and computational studies of pipecolisporin, aiming to better understand its therapeutic potential. The peptide was successfully synthesized using Fmoc-based solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) followed by cyclization in solution. The purified compound was characterized using HPLC and mass spectrometry, confirming a molecular ion peak at m/z [M + H]+ 692.4131, which matched the calculated mass. Structural verification through 1H- and 13C-NMR demonstrated strong alignment with the natural product. Pipecolisporin exhibited significant antimalarial activity with an IC50 of 26.0 ± 8.49 nM, highlighting its efficacy. In addition to the experimental synthesis, computational studies were conducted to analyze the interaction of pipecolisporin with key malaria-related enzymes, such as dihydrofolate reductase, plasmepsin V, and lactate dehydrogenase. These combined experimental and computational insights into pipecolisporin emphasize the importance of hydrophobic interactions, particularly in membrane penetration and receptor binding, for its antimalarial efficacy. Pipecolisporin represents a promising lead for future antimalarial drug development, with its efficacy, stability, and binding characteristics laying a solid foundation for ongoing research.

A Contactless Multi-Modal Sensing Approach for Material Assessment and Recovery in Building Deconstruction

As material scarcity and environmental concerns grow, material reuse and waste reduction are gaining attention based on their potential to reduce carbon emissions and promote net-zero buildings. This study develops an innovative approach that combines multi-modal sensing technologies with machine learning to enable contactless assessment of in situ building materials for reuse potential. By integrating thermal imaging, red, green, and blue (RGB) cameras, as well as depth sensors, the system analyzes material conditions and reveals hidden geometries within existing buildings. This approach enhances material understanding by analyzing existing materials, including their compositions, histories, and assemblies. A case study on drywall deconstruction demonstrates that these technologies can effectively guide the deconstruction process, potentially reducing material costs and carbon emissions significantly. The findings highlight feasible scenarios for drywall reuse and offer insights into improving existing deconstruction techniques through automated feedback and visualization of cut lines and fastener positions. This research indicates that contactless assessment and automated deconstruction methods are technically viable, economically advantageous, and environmentally beneficial. Serving as an initial step toward novel methods to view and classify existing building materials, this study lays a foundation for future research, promoting sustainable construction practices that optimize material reuse and reduce negative environmental impact.

Quantitative Analysis of Inventory Record Inaccuracy (IRI): A Case Study on Warehouse Stock Discrepancies

Inventory Record Inaccuracy (IRI) presents critical challenges to warehouse operations by causing inefficiencies, financial losses, and diminished stakeholder trust. This study examines IRI at XYZ Warehouse through the analysis of Gross Variance and Net Variance, identifying a discrepancy rate of 0.53%, equivalent to 3,089 units or IDR 154,450,000 in potential financial losses. The findings emphasize the importance of accurate inventory management to mitigate these losses and improve operational efficiency. This study serves as a foundation for future research and interventions aimed at addressing IRI and its associated challenges.