Foundational Values Research Articles

Internalising Digital Technology in Islamic Education

This study analyzes the integration of digital technology into Islamic education to address moral challenges in the digital era. Employing a literature review with content analysis, this research evaluates primary and secondary sources, including academic journals, government reports, and authoritative references. The findings reveal that digital technology, such as augmented reality (AR) and artificial intelligence (AI), offers transformative opportunities for Islamic education by enhancing learning engagement, accessibility, and interactivity. However, integrating these tools poses risks, including diminished moral values, reduced religious literacy, and dependency on technology, which require strategic interventions. This study emphasizes the importance of aligning technological advancements with Islamic principles to uphold spiritual and ethical integrity while fostering innovation in teaching and learning methods. Recommendations include the development of technology-based curricula that harmonize religious and scientific knowledge, training programs for educators to effectively utilize digital tools, and policies to mitigate negative impacts on student character and behavior. Furthermore, the application of AR in Islamic studies and AI-based personalized learning provides immersive and meaningful educational experiences, fostering intellectual and moral growth. This research contributes insights into leveraging digital tools to adapt Islamic education to the demands of the digital age while maintaining its foundational values. Future studies are encouraged to explore the long-term impacts of technology integration across various educational levels to ensure sustainable and effective Islamic education reform.

OPTIMIZATION OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES FUNCTIONING DURING MARTIAL LAW: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS

This article focuses on identifying and analyzing the main challenges faced by Ukraine’s public institutions under martial law, particularly addressing the balance between temporary concentration of power and state centralization versus preserving democratic principles. Following Russia’s full-scale aggression, Ukraine has significantly strengthened its power vertical to ensure effective governance, safeguard sovereignty, and maintain public order. The state’s operation under martial law involves restricting certain democratic rights and freedoms, a necessary security measure to protect the nation and its citizens. At the same time, Ukrainians, upholding democracy as a foundational value and as part of their European identity, are critically wary of a possible regression to autocratic governance, thus maintaining close oversight over public institutions even amidst war. Drawing on S. Neskorodiev’s «reverse transition» concept, the author justifies the objective necessity of a temporary shift toward autocracy under martial law as a compelled political- legal solution that allows state mechanisms and society to adapt to the existential challenges posed by war. The article explores the need to balance effective governance with adherence to democratic norms during martial law, highlighting the main challenges for public institutions and suggesting a range of strategic solutions. Special attention is given to information security, which is critically important in the context of hybrid warfare. Ensuring effective communication between government and citizens, and countering disinformation, are seen as essential for sustaining trust in public institutions. The role of legislative reform, enabling quick adaptation of laws to wartime demands while ensuring transparency and expert consultation to minimize poor decision-making risks, is also discussed. Emphasis is placed on preserving citizens’ rights and freedoms, even under an emergency regime, as a crucial element of democratic society that sustains public trust and the legitimacy of government actions. Strategic decisions should guarantee the preservation of democratic institutions, as democratic values are central to Ukraine’s national identity. A key factor in supporting the national idea and rebuilding post-war Ukraine as a sovereign, democratic state capable of effectively responding to challenges and recovering after the crisis.

AUGUSTE COMTE’S POSITIVISM

Islamic education encompasses not only worship but included in it is the aspect of using reason to understand God's creation and how the universe works. Science continues to develop and requires humans to be able to adapt to developments over time. Comte's positivist thinking can be linked to the context of Islamic education in giving rise to efforts to strengthen Islamic education. This research explores Auguste Comte's positivist thinking, compares it with Islamic values, and examines the potential of positivism for Islamic education. This research explores Auguste Comte’s positivism, contrasting it with Islamic values, and examines the potential of positivism for Islamic education. This research uses a qualitative approach, utilizing literature reviews from various relevant books and journals. This research ultimately produced findings that Comte’s positivism elevates the scientific method while sidelining metaphysical discussions, including religion. Key characteristics of positivism are value-free perspectives, phenomenalism, reductionism, naturalism, and mechanism. Comte proposed a “law of three stages” outlining human development from theological to metaphysical and finally to positivistic stages. While he did not advocate abandoning religion, he sought to separate science and religion. Comte's view of trying to separate science from religion is contrary to Islam's emphasis on religious values. Islamic education can adopt aspects of positivism by enhancing empirical and interdisciplinary studies. Also, prioritizing scientific and empirical inquiry in understanding phenomena to foster critical thinking and innovation within an Islamic education framework. Thus, integrating empirical, interdisciplinary, and scientific studies within Islamic education can enrich itself while maintaining its foundational values.

Our Unrealized Imperative: Integrating Mental Health Care into Hospice and Palliative Care.

The field of Hospice and Palliative Medicine (HPM) has its roots in the principles, promulgated by Dame Cicely Saunders, that patient and family are the unit of care and that comprehensive integration of physical, psychological, social, and spiritual care is necessary to address suffering in all its dimensions. Although we aspire to provide comprehensive care for our patients, most hospice and palliative care (HPM) physicians lack basic competencies for identifying and managing patients with psychological distress and mental health distress and disorders, a growing segment of our clinical population. In this article, I argue that we are not living up to the founding values of our field in how we practice, how we educate our trainees, our research, and in how we pursue our own professional development as faculty. The history of our field, the nature of our clinical workforce, the culture of PC, and our educational programs all contribute to our current practice model, which is not adequate to meet the mental health needs of our patients. I propose strategies to address these challenges focused on enhancing integration between psychiatry/psychology and HPM, changes in fellowship education and faculty development, addressing the stigma against people with mental health diagnoses, and addressing system and cultural challenges that limit our ability to provide the kind of comprehensive, integrative care that our field aspires to.

The Concept of Religion-Science Integration: A Comparative Study of Naquib Al-Attas and Nidhal Guessoum

The integration of religion and science has garnered significant attention, as evidenced by the contributions of prominent Muslim thinkers such as Naquib Al-Attas, Ismail Al Faruqi, Mehdi Golshani, Ziauddin Sardar, and Nidhal Guessoum. This study aims to compare the perspectives of Naquib Al-Attas and Nidhal Guessoum regarding the integration of religion and science, using a literature review with a comparative descriptive approach and content analysis techniques. The findings reveal that Naquib Al-Attas’s concept of integration emphasizes three key aspects: a paradigm shift from Westernization to Islamization, a focus on language, and fostering ethical-moral values through ta’dīb. In contrast, Nidhal Guessoum highlights three distinct elements: the non-conflictual nature of science and religion, a layered interpretation of the Qur'an, and a theistic-falsification principle. The study identifies common ground between the two thinkers, including critical analysis of the origins of science, layered identification, and the incorporation of religious values. However, their differences lie in Naquib’s critique of the emergence of science versus Nidhal’s critique of the Islamization model, Naquib’s language-based approach versus Nidhal’s multilevel Qur'anic interpretation, and Naquib’s emphasis on Islamic ethics-morals versus Nidhal’s integration of sacred texts and reason under a theistic framework. The study concludes that Muslims should Islamize Western science by embedding ethical-moral ta’dīb, facilitating a harmonious dialectic between religion and science, wherein religion provides foundational values and science incorporates theistic principles.

Reshaping the European Union Landscape: The Rise of Far-Right Movements and Their Potential Impact on Middle East Policy

The rise of far-right parties within the European Union has raised significant concerns about potential shifts in EU foreign policy, particularly with regard to the Middle East. This development challenges the core values of the EU and has the potential to markedly reshape its diplomatic strategies, aid distribution, and regional engagement. This analysis examines key areas of Middle East policy likely to be influenced by the growing presence of far-right parties in EU institutions, including immigration and refugee policies, the EU's stance on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, relations with Iran, and involvement in peace processes in the region. Additionally, the study emphasizes potential shifts in power dynamics within EU decision-making bodies concerning Middle East policy, underscoring the urgency of the issue. The hypotheses suggest that the increased influence of far-right parties may result in more restrictive immigration policies, stronger pro-Israel positions, a more confrontational approach towards Iran, diminished EU involvement in Middle East peace initiatives, and a reduction in regional financial aid. The research also explores the likelihood of greater bilateral engagement between individual EU member states and Middle Eastern countries, which could weaken the EU's common foreign policy and lead to a more fragmented regional strategy. This study highlights the critical importance of understanding the complexities of this phenomenon, as the mainstreaming of far-right ideologies has profound implications for European politics and the EU’s role in the Middle East. Addressing these challenges is essential for safeguarding the EU’s foundational values and maintaining its ability to navigate intricate geopolitical landscapes.

Access to Administrative Justice as an Administrative Law Value: Designing an Inclusive and Accessible Administrative Justice System

The constantly developing norm of access to justice is moving to occupy a central place in the administrative justice system, prompting a need to rethink the values that should serve to animate the system. This article offers a framework for the administrative justice system in Canada, one that firmly and explicitly entrenches the value of access to administrative justice within it. It reflects on the requirements to achieve access for a significant population of its users – namely, equality-deserving communities. The author looks at the historical reasons why access to justice has been a concern for equality-deserving communities, and introduces the concept of social equity from the discipline of public administration as a tool to assist in addressing some of the structural and systemic access-to-administrative-justice challenges experienced. The author rearticulates the foundational values of administrative law in Canada to incorporate access to administrative justice as a distinct value, one that engages with access-to-justice barriers relating to structural and systemic inequality. In doing so, she details five core principles that underpin the new value of access to administrative justice and cites examples of recent tribunal reform projects in Canada that illustrate promising innovations in that direction. Finally, the author describes briefly the ways in which institutional design and tribunal culture can contribute to enhancing the value of access to administrative justice within the broad, on-the-ground context of different administrative actors. Overall, this article presents an analysis of the dynamic interaction between marginalized populations and the administrative state in order to move forward judicial and other contemporary discussions about access to administrative justice and how it should be defined.

Tolerance as a Founding Value of World Peace

Societies today have a heightened awareness of their unity and the way in which each individual depends on the other in indispensable solidarity; however, within these societies bitter political, social, economic, racial and ideological disputes persist and with them the danger of a war that could jeopardize world peace. It is in this context that tolerance emerges as a fundamental ethical priority for building and maintaining peace in the world. Tolerance, therefore, does not imply neutrality of thought, on the contrary, each group has space to present their points of view and experiences for everyone's co-reflection, and everyone is asked to respect the essential norms to the functioning of pluralism. The advocacy of tolerance represents a project of emancipation and is based on the strength of human reason. The objective of this thematic proposal is to reflect on the mystery of man and the meaning of his social being through the prism of considering the moral value of tolerance in the political-democratic order and in social coexistence. Democracy, whose assumptions are condensed in the production of consensus in relation to the good of political life and the experience of citizenship, must recognize that social pluralism poses challenges to the idea of tolerance based on the ontology of the person. For a proper approach to the topic in question, which involve a triple joint: 1) The problem of intolerant democracies today; 2) Social pluralism and public security, and 3) Tolerance and world peace, priority will be given to the method of reviewing the vast and rich literature that discusses the subject in question. In conclusion, the study puts forward the thesis that in the face of various existential scenarios that negatively mark the recent history of many peoples and nations - such is the case of violent extremism in the world, electoral offenses and, consequently, barbaric demonstrations post-elections, the human-environment relationship - the moral value of tolerance continues to be an important factor in building world peace and must therefore be cultivated by everyone.

Research Priorities of the Oncology Nursing Society: 2024-2027.

To define the Oncology Nursing Society Research Agenda for 2024-2027. An iterative, multiple data sources consolidation through the Research Agenda Project Team. Previous research priorities, literature review, stakeholder survey, and research priorities from other cancer care organizations and funding agencies. 10 evergreen statements articulated foundational values for oncology nurse scientists, and 5 topics emerged as research priorities for the upcoming three years: Advance patient-centric, precision symptom science; provide evidence for safe and effective cancer care delivery models and support of the oncology nursing workforce; describe the impact of the environment on cancer care outcomes; integrate patient navigation into cancer care across the trajectory; and advance the use of innovative methodologies in oncology nursing research. The Oncology Nursing Society Research Agenda is an effective resource for directing the organization's research vision. This foundational document directs funding awards and requests, mentorship, and policy initiatives.

PROMOTION AND PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS: INCLUSION OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES IN NORTH MACEDONIA

North Macedonia’s accession negotiations are conditioned by the country’s progress on fulfilling the Copenhagen criteria. Respect for human rights, defined as one of the founding values of European Union, it is associated with the fundamental political criteria for full membership for every candidate state. In the Progress Report for 2022, European Commission raised the concerns that North Macedonia had made “limited progress in improving the rights of persons with disabilities”. Considering that the country since its independence ratified several international treaties on human rights and assumed obligation not only to guarantee but also to protect the fundamental human rights, in this paper will be analyzed: the national legal framework on the protection of the fundamental rights of persons with disabilities, national strategies on the rights of persons with disabilities, and national policies on the integration of persons with disabilities. The purpose of this study it is to analyze the responsibilities and commitment of the state authorities in providing equal rights and opportunities for persons with disabilities, especially focusing on the access of women with disability to the labor market and access of children and young people with disability to education. The research it is in-depth analysis and guided by two research questions: What are the responsibilities of North Macedonia as a candidate country in promoting and enforcing the rights of persons with disabilities? What have done North Macedonia for social inclusion of persons with disabilities.

Clinical Usefulness of Artificial Intelligence in Physiotherapy – A Practice-based Review

Abstract This review explores the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into physiotherapy practice, focusing on its impact on diagnostic tools, personalized treatment plans, and ethical considerations. AI systems offer enhanced precision and individualization in patient care through multivariable prediction models, which assess long-term outcomes, particularly for hip fracture patients. Although some models show potential for improving treatment pathways and prognostic accuracy, further research is needed to develop more reliable and efficacious AI applications. One significant application of AI in physiotherapy lies in the development of tailored rehabilitation programs. Machine learning algorithms analyze a patient’s medical records and response to prior treatments to create custom care plans, increasing compliance and enhancing clinical decision-making. Continuous feedback loops enable adaptability in treatment plans based on patient reports, further strengthening the practitioner–patient relationship and improving patient satisfaction. Despite the numerous benefits, the integration of AI technologies carries ethical implications. Ensuring patient information confidentiality is crucial, as AI requires extensive data sets to train algorithms. In addition, the role of human empathy and emotional support in therapeutic settings raises questions about AI’s potential replacement in these aspects of care. Clear guidelines and regulatory frameworks are necessary to protect patients’ rights while leveraging AI’s benefits for enhanced clinical outcomes without compromising the foundational values of compassionate care in physiotherapy. Gait analysis, natural language processing, physioGPT, and PostureFix are few of the AI tools used. In conclusion, the incorporation of AI into physiotherapy represents a cultural shift toward more precise and personalized patient care. While showing promise in improving treatment pathways and predicting long-term outcomes, ongoing research should focus on developing robust evaluation metrics for AI applications’ efficacy and reliability. Ethical considerations must be addressed to ensure the safe integration of AI technologies while maintaining the humanistic principles that underpin physiotherapy practice.

Study of Determination Settlement of Shallow Foundations in Case of sufficient Foundations Load Bearing Capacity in Clay Layers and 2D Modeling by Finite Element Method Case Study: (Ban Donmai Campus, Souphanouvong University)

The purpose of this research study was to study the behavior and Study of determination settlement of shallow foundations in case of sufficient foundations load bearing capacity in clay layer and 2D modeling by Finite Element Method (FEM). The wash boring was performed and the Undisturbed Sample soil was sampled to obtain the basic soil properties in the laboratory according to the 7.5 - 10 m the soil excavation characteristics from the actual construction at the level of excavation from 1 - 1.45 meters, For 1.5 x 1.5 m foundations and 2 x 2 m foundations. In addition, the bearing capacity of the foundation and the soil bearing capacity under the foundation. To analyze the parameters used to evaluate the settlement value and the effect. To analyze the settlement of the various theories and to use the Static Method to analyze the load-bearing capacity of the foundation and to evaluate the Settlement value, The Finite Element Method (FEM) model and the Mohr coulomb soil behavior model was used. The Result for a 1.5 x 1.5 m settlement of shallow foundation with a bearing capacity of 80 Tons. The mean settlement of shallow foundation values ​​for the and Perloff = 6.136 cm. For 2 x 2 m foundations, the bearing capacity of the foundation is 80 Tons. The total settlement values ​​for the Finite Element Method (FEM) = 60 Tons. Perloff's method can receive only 40 Tons of bearing capacity. For a 2 x 2 m foundation, the Bowles, Harr, Christian and Carrier, and Janbu methods = 80 Tons of bearing capacity, while the Perloff method and the FEM method only 40 Tons of bearing capacity.

The interweaving of threads in the fabric of care.

There are different motivations that induce a human being to take care of another, and it is from their intertwining, integrated into an organic fabric, that care in its entirety takes shape. The cure that is nourished by pietas, which refers us above all to the relationships that develop within the family, can be preached, but it is not possible to force the reluctant to practice it; and when it fails or takes on complex aspects, other methods of care appear on the social scene, in particular that which is inspired by a philanthropic ideal. Even in this context we cannot talk about rights and legal obligations, and it is in this context that we place volunteering, an indispensable completion of the care that has its roots in pietas. But when the limits of volunteering are outlined (difficulty in planning and precariousness) we see the emergence of care provided by professional caregivers. Those who carry out care professionally have received adequate training and undertake to keep it updated, and are also bound by a set of rules, which have the value of ethical commitments. The most important of these is not to make care depend on the human quality of those who receive it: everyone has the right to be cared on the basis of need, not merit, at least in societies that have adopted the model of universal healthcare. Care is the bond that holds together the society that has made solidarity its founding value.

Hungary's attacks on human dignity: Article 2 TEU and the foundations of democracy in the European Union

AbstractWhile in Poland the October 2023 elections led to a government halting the rule of law crisis, in Hungary the political situation continues to deteriorate. Focusing on European Parliament resolutions, this article analyses Hungarian developments from the prism of human dignity, the EU's first foundational value under Article 2 TEU. First the article discusses the key features of human dignity with reference to the original commitment to human dignity under the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights and to the EU Charter. Secondly, it uses these key features as an analytical grid for evidencing the construction of a counter‐model of human beings made to live in a society of inequality and exclusion. Finally, this paper outlines five reasons why human dignity as the first Article 2 value is breached by the Hungarian regime and why the EU Commission's decision not to trigger Article 7(2) is so problematic.

Nature's value and biodiversity ethics in a changing world: Insights from a special issue and questions for the future

Motivated by philosophical quandaries arising from environmental ethics and the moral philosophy of biodiversity, we convened a special issue of Biological Conservation entitled “Ethics and practice of biodiversity science: how hidden moral assumptions impact conservation research and policy,” inviting a range of expert voices to examine these questions from a variety of perspectives, backgrounds, and traditions. We sought to discover how many of the founding value statements of conservation biology were still current, and if new any ones had supplemented or replaced them. Broad initial momentum from a wide range of contributors soon met with the headwinds of the COVID-19 pandemic, but we eventually emerged with 34 global contributors representing a diverse array of viewpoints. The contributed pieces range from philosophical investigations of value in Nature, applied conservation ethics for endangered species, the rights and roles of Indigenous peoples, macroevolutionary processes of mass extinction, human well-being and social justice, the history of colonialism in conservation, and subtle cultural differences between global powers with respect to Nature. All speak to often unstated values in conservation science. Finally, we offer some questions of our own stemming from these contributions that might provide new or expanded avenues for investigation.

Is the rule of law really a European concern? Mediatized rule of law conflicts and the contestation of the independence of the judiciary in France and Italy

ABSTRACT The rule of law is considered a foundational value of the EU, yet its validity and implementation remain heavily contested. The article investigates the Europeanisation of rule of law conflicts related to the independence of the Judiciary in Italy and France. Through a claims-making analysis of a representative sample of French and Italian legacy media and Facebook news coverage, the selective salience of the 2018–2023 conflicts over the independence of the judiciary in Poland and Hungary in relation to the application of EU sanctioning mechanisms can be established. Journalists reaffirm their traditional role as guardians of democracy, focusing on monitoring rule of law compliance and detecting violations. However, judicial independence remains primarily a domestic issue, with limited Europeanisation. Public contestation of the EU’s rule of law conflicts with Poland and Hungary is driven primarily by the populist right, not by centre and left parties or the French and Italian governments. There is thus a tendency to instrumentalise EU rule of law conflicts in order to reclaim sovereignty at the expense of debates on democratic control and the protection of the independence of the judiciary.

BOOK REVIEW of European Democracy and Single Market: 30 Years of the Maastricht Treaty

The book under review focuses on two of the most important aspects of the development of the EU integration process – the strengthening of the EU founding value of democracy and the achievement of the EU Single market objective following the entering into force of the Maastricht Treaty. The collective volume features authors coming from different national and academic backgrounds. The democracy-market nexus is approached from a number of perspectives, not always much explored in the past. The analyses seems to suggest that a durable evolution of the EU integration process can only be based on basic principles or founding values of the EU, like in the case of democracy, which is one of the most important ingredients for a European Single market, focused more on social and environmental issues rather than economic ones.

Collaborative approaches in psychiatric rehabilitation: Innovations in practice.

This special section is dedicated to collaborative approaches in psychiatric rehabilitation, which are rooted in foundational values such as service user involvement and self-determination. Five articles featuring collaborative approaches are included and briefly reviewed here. These articles highlight innovations in collaborative approaches, addressing existing limitations in research and practice and advancing understanding of collaborative psychiatric care among diverse populations. They underscore the ongoing need for research and policy reform to promote more routine and widespread implementation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

The ‘dark side’ of organizational resilience: The civil society sector in Croatia

ABSTRACT This article explores the challenges experienced by civil society organizations (CSOs) in Croatia, as magnified during the COVID-19 pandemic, and the strategies they use to mitigate their effects. ‘Organisational resilience' is discussed based on interviews with CSO representatives from four fields: contemporary arts and culture, environmental protection, women's rights, and educational/youth organizations. Three themes are developed: the ‘normality' of crisis, established practices of resilience, and emergent practices of resilience. Although the pandemic was experienced as a major disruption, there is a lingering sense of persistent crisis in the civil society sector which is constituted by many tribulations: wars and economic crises, piercing insecurity due to lack of stable funding and an antagonistic political climate. Established practices of resilience that help organizations stay afloat encapsulate financial ingenuity, caring about one's work, and good relations within and outside of the organization. Emergent practices include strengthening technology infrastructure and use, establishing a trade union for CSO workers, but also charging for services. The advocacy role of CSOs seems dimmed and their ability to help others comes at the expense of their founding values and personal wellbeing. This suggests a ‘dark’ side to organizational resilience, a concept frequently used to signal a positive ability.

전환기 슬로베니아 고등교육 개혁의 특징과 결과 연구

At the outset of Slovenia’s transition period, the urgent national task was to establish democracy, liberalism, and pluralistic values across all sectors. This comprehensive transition involved institutional reorganization in society, politics, education, and media, alongside reforms targeting the general public. Education emerged as a crucial tool for fostering and disseminating liberal democratic values, aiming to socialize individuals into understanding the moral, civic, and societal obligations of the new system. Slovenian school reform during this period was grounded in liberal democratic values, human rights, and knowledge. Initially, higher education reform lagged due to internal circumstances, with a focus on complementing previous socialist-era reforms rather than enacting substantive changes. However, upon Slovenia's accession to the European Union, a process of Europeanization swept across the nation, prompting the initiation of higher education reform aligned with the Bologna Process. Despite expectations, the Bologna Process encountered resistance in Slovenian higher education and yielded less favorable outcomes than anticipated. This study examines the foundational values of Slovenia’s educational reform for establishing a liberal democratic system and Europeanizing it, while also analyzing the controversies and results surrounding the ‘Bologna Process’, a key symbol of higher education globalization.