Foundations Of Theory Research Articles

НАЦІОНАЛЬНІ ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ІНТЕРЕСИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ: АКТУАЛЬНІ ТРЕНДИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ

The article is devoted to topical issues of the development and discussion of the national economic interests of Ukraine in the conditions of the information economy based on the integration of provisions already developed by domestic scientists. It was determined that national economic interests in the legal space and research of scientists always have a link, a connection with the elements of protection of interests and influence on safe zones of stable reproduction of the country’s vital activities, the formation of harmonious and balanced relations in the "business – population – government” paradigm. The relevance of renewing the national economic interests of the country in the conditions of post-military recovery from the standpoint of progressive shifts in the system of the national economy, promotion of an innovative model of the economy, support of cluster formation as requirements for the country’s entry into the EU business space is considered and proven. Systematization of the already accumulated provisions, approaches and principles, which have unity in the directions of formation of the foundation of the theory of national interests, provide paradigmaticity, integrability in joint methodological, historical and genetic studies, development of the foundations of economic theory, management and economics, and have prospects of being involved in strategic, tactical plans for the post-military recovery of Ukraine’s economy. It is noted that the potential of the already developed provisions of theory, methodology and practice in articles, monographs, and dissertation studies have their relevance for Ukraine in terms of: improvement of the existing model of the information economy; development of strategic plans for the recovery of the country’s economy; the formation of a resource that will ensure the qualitative filling of the strategic plans of the state and branches with provisions of scientific opinion, creative and relevant tools for regulating the national economy. It has been proven that the solution of today’s problems and tasks of post-military reconstruction of the country should not take place on the platforms of competitive relations between scientists (scientific schools), but on the basis of the integration of knowledge, the joint search for the right scientific and practical management solutions.

Group theoretic particle swarm optimization for gray-level medical image enhancement.

As a principal category in the promising field of medical image processing, medical image enhancement has a powerful influence on the intermedia features and final results of the computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system by increasing the capacity to transfer the image information in the optimal form. The enhanced region of interest (ROI) would contribute to the early diagnosis and the survival rate of patients. Meanwhile, the enhancement schema can be treated as the optimization approach of image grayscale values, and metaheuristics are adopted popularly as the mainstream technologies for medical image enhancement. In this study, we propose an innovative metaheuristic algorithm named group theoretic particle swarm optimization (GT-PSO) to tackle the optimization problem of image enhancement. Based on the mathematical foundation of symmetric group theory, GT-PSO comprises particle encoding, solution landscape, neighborhood movement and swarm topology. The corresponding search paradigm takes place simultaneously under the guidance of hierarchical operations and random components, and it could optimize the hybrid fitness function of multiple measurements of medical images and improve the contrast of intensity distribution. The numerical results generated from the comparative experiments show that the proposed GT-PSO has outperformed most other methods on the real-world dataset. The implication also indicates that it would balance both global and local intensity transformations during the enhancement process.

Hronologija antropološkog pesimizma Nikola Makijavelija

The point of the article is to determine and consider the Niccolo Machiavelli's ideas about the human nature. N. Machiavelli believed that historical patterns repeat cyclically over the time. Therefore, the key to consideration hypotheses about the negative human nature, which is especially manifested in politics, was historical method. As the foundation of Machiavelli's theory is seen through a pessimistic view based on human nature, the genesis of this idea's development is revealed through chronology. The research focuses on several segments. First is presented the basic idea and assumption of human political nature in antiquity. The ideas of ancient thinkers are presented as an introduction to the thought of N. Machiavelli. A detailed account of the consideration of social life through the philosophical thought of Aristotle, shows the first ideas and explanation of the negative nature of people in politics. As the detailed historical method was the way of understanding N. Machiavelli's concretization of ancient ideas shows more clearly the way of thinking of anthropological pessimism. The Principe, as the key work N. Machiavelli's is considered through a comparative analysis with the rest of the writ ten legacy. After determining the thought of N. Machicavelli the entire idea of anthropological pessimism is linked to human rights and the chronology that follows the development of mechanisms for the protection of this set of rights. New facts and understanding of anthropological pessimism are presented as an opportunity for better acquaintance, but also for better normalization of relations within the framework of functioning of the social community

Methodological antinomies of Pitirim Sorokin’s Sociology of Revolution: Toward the publication of selected German reviews of the book (1925–1929)

Four reviews published in Russian for the first time are by H.Mauter (Cologne, 1889–1964), E.Jenny (Berlin, 1872–1939), N.N.Bubnoff (Heidelberg, 1880–1962), A.Meuisel (Aachen, 1896–1960) on the book “The Sociology of Revolution” (1925, German edition, 1928) by the Russian-American sociologist P.A. Sorokin (1889–1968) provide a theoretical context that allows us to trace some significant changes in the methodology of Sorokin’s sociology from moderate behaviorism towards the formation of an integral logico-meaningful method of analyzing the dynamics of social and cultural systems and creating the conceptual foundations of social systems theory. They differ from the American reactions to the book by discussing fundamental methodological problems of social theory: stability and dynamics of social systems, ensuring their stability and equilibrium. The reviews contrast the behaviorist content of the concepts of revolution and reaction in Sorokin’s work with the significance of these concepts in political theory and the sociology of politics. The question of the objectivity of Sorokin’s study of revolution, taking into account his moral assessments of the behavioral phenomena of revolutionary events in Russia, is discussed in the context of the methodological requirement of German sociologist Max Weber to reject political evaluations of social processes and phenomena. The paper substantiates the possibility of developing a general sociological theory of revolution and the significance of Sorokin’s study in relation to this issue, taking into account the difference between sociological and historical approaches to the subject. It is proved that German reviews published in leading professional journals of interwar Germany had some influence on the change in the methodology of Sorokin’s sociology.

Sexual behavior according to undergraduate students: perspective of cross-cultural nursing and intersectional framing.

to discuss undergraduate students' sexual behavior from the perspective of social markers and cross-cultural care proposed by Madeleine Leininger. descriptive-exploratory qualitative research, with a theoretical-philosophical foundation in the Transcultural Theory. Convenience sample was composed of 57 young people from two universities in Rio de Janeiro. The focus groups' content were analyzed lexically using the IRAMUTEQ software. four classes emerged: Young people's sexual scripts: between the fear of an unplanned pregnancy and the risk of exposure to sexually transmitted infections; Affective relationships: trust in steady sexual partners, apparent sense of security and disuse of condoms; Sexual practices, gender and cultural determinants: distinction in men's and women's role; Sexual partnerships, negotiation of condom use and vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections. challenges are perceived for the attention to undergraduate students' sexual health, who verbalized risky sexual behaviors due to sociocultural vulnerabilities.

Partisan Confidence Model for Group Polarization

Models of opinion dynamics play a major role in various disciplines, including economics, political science, psychology, and social science, as they provide a framework for analysis and intervention. In spite of the numerous mathematical models of social learning proposed in the literature, only a few models have focused on or allow for the possibility of popular extreme beliefs' formation in a population. This paper closes this gap by introducing the Partisan Confidence (PC) model inspired by the foundations of the well-established socio-psychological theory of groupthink. The model hints at the existence of a tipping point, passing which the opinions of the individuals within a so-called “social bubble” are exaggerated towards an extreme position, no matter how the general population is united or divided. The results are also justified through numerical experiments, which provide new insights into the evolution of opinions and the groupthink phenomenon.

V.S. Nersesyants as a philosopher of law: from Soviet to Post-Soviet

The article analyzes the philosophical and legal ideas and ideas of the famous scientist, thinker, jurist of the last quarter of the XX - beginning of the XXI century, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.S. Nersesyants. The ideas of ancient philosophers and representatives of the German transcendental-idealistic philosophy had a great influence on the formation and evolution of his legal views, the concept of jurisprudence formulated by him. In this regard, the comparison of his legal views with the ideas of Hegel’s Philosophy of Law, taking into account both dissertations of V.S. Nersesyants, is quite traditional for connoisseurs of the concept of jurisprudence of our contemporary. However, as the experience of a more detailed and in-depth analysis shows, interesting points of similarity of his legal ideas and the nature of their justification are also connected with other representatives of the German intellectual and philosophical culture of discussing the main problems of law and jurisprudence. Understanding the nature of successive and new aspects in the system of legal views of V.S. Nersesyants can serve as a basis for the development of his legal views in modern topical and prospective studies. The article offers some significant clarifications of the content and nature of the philosophical and legal heritage of V.S. Nersesyants, traces the connections of his concept of jurisprudence with the ideas of not only Hegelian philosophy, but also the teachings of other legal philosophers, as well as the later ideas of the neo-Kantian lawyer R. Stammler, the interpretation of law in the “Pure Doctrine of Law” of the Kantian G. Memel, and not only G. Kelsen, which allows us to present the theory of law of V.S. Nersesyants as an original version of this doctrine. The study also demonstrates that the concept of justice in the Philosophy of Law of V.S. Nersesyants has remained one of the unexplained, and promising studies of the foundations of social theory in the doctrine of civilization are also indicated.

On Symbolic 7-Plithogenic and 8-Plithogenic Number Theoretical Concepts

This paper is dedicated to studying the foundations of 7-plithogenic and 8-plithogenic number theory, where the central concepts about symbolic 7-plithogenic8-plithogenic integers will be discussed such as symbolic 7-plithogenic8-plithogenic Pythagoras triples and quadruples, symbolic 7-plithogenic8-plithogenic linear Diophantine equations, and the divisors. On the other hand, we prove that Euler's theorem is still true in the case of the symbolic 7-plithogenic8-pithogenic number theory.

On the Process Control of Track and Field Training: A Systematic Review

The training theory and methods of track and field sports have important contributions to the development of sports training. In the field of sports training, track and field sports belong to the sports group dominated by physical fitness. This paper summarizes the theory of track and field training cycle, the theory of exercise load control, the model of training process control and the theory of track and field training process control through the methods of literature and logical analysis. The research on the theory of exercise load control is based on the ability to adapt to the human body, while the research on the control model in the training process is from the aspects of mathematics and special training. The research on the physical fitness of track and field athletes, the endurance of training intensity and the sports content shows a trend of cross-integration and application. Although the above research has some limitations, it also lays a solid theoretical foundation for the exercise load theory and the training process control theory.

Students’ Achievement in a Flipped Database Management Course: The Impact of Flow Theory Gamification Elements

Aim/Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the effect of using the gamified flipped classroom instructional method on the students’ overall achievement compared to the traditional non-gamified, non-gamified flipped classroom, and traditional gamified instructional methods. Background: Flipped classroom is helpful to address limited class time, implement different pedagogies, and help students better attain their learning outcomes and improve their academic achievement. Motivating and encouraging students to perform or complete flipped learning activities is a challenging issue affecting the success of the flipped classroom. This research posits that gamification presents a promising solution, and adding gamification to the flipped classroom is important for its success. However, little is known about the effects of integrating gamification into flipped learning without sufficient results to generalize. Pedagogical designs with appropriate theoretical foundations should be added to the literature on flipped learning and gamification. This research proposes a learning model that combines gamification within flipped classroom via quizzes online platform with the main flow theory requirements. The purpose of this combination is to motivate and engage learners in flipped classroom activities. Methodology: The data were collected from 101 undergraduate students in a database management course at Al al-Bayt University in Jordan. The students were assigned to four different instructional methods according to their preferences (traditional non-gamified, non-gamified flipped, traditional gamified, and gamified flipped classroom). A study with a quasi-experimental factorial design was carried out using midterm and final exam instruments to assess the students’ overall achievement. Two-way factorial ANOVA was employed to examine the main effect of the instructional method, student gender, and the interaction effect on students’ overall achievement. Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test was carried out to compare and determine which instructional method had the main effect and achieved the best grades among test groups. Contribution: The current study proposed a gamified flipped learning model guided by the theoretical foundations of flow theory. This study offers a novel contribution to the literature by illustrating the importance of employing gamification in the flipped classroom and how the gamified flipped instructional method affects student achievement, especially when appropriate gamification design and careful game element selection. The effects reported by this study provide empirical evidence and valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and educators about the issues of gamified flipped classroom and guide instructional designers to apply appropriate game elements. Findings: The findings showed that the gamified flipped group outperformed the other three groups and significantly improved students’ overall achievement with a large effect size. Employing gamification within the flipped classroom instructional method improved 23.9% of the total variance in the students’ achievement through increasing their motivation to complete flipped classroom activities. It has also been found that the non-gamified flipped group outperformed both the traditional non-gamified and the traditional gamified groups. Students’ gender was also not a significant factor regarding male and female achievement in using gamified flipped classroom. Recommendations for Practitioners: This study recommends that instructors who utilize flipped classroom should combine other new technologies within in-class activities, such as gamification, instead of traditional discussion in classroom meetings. Thus, the in-class activities become more attractive, increasing their students’ motivation. Recommendation for Researchers: Researchers need to understand the factors enhancing the flipped learning activities and the ways of designing and implementing gamification elements to develop new learning models. Impact on Society: Gamified flipped learning can help students improve their achievement and help instructors perform in-class instructional activities, leading to more effective and efficient higher education. Appropriate design and use of gamification elements within flipped learning can promote and encourage the use of such a model. Future Research: Additional research should be conducted to explore and measure students’ motivation, engagement, and in-class collaboration due to the gamified flipped classroom instructional model. Further experimental studies on other courses in different environmental variables are also recommended.

СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ПРИМЕНИМОСТИ МЕХАНИЗМА КЛАРКА – ГРОВСА В ЦИФРОВИЗАЦИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СТРОИТЕЛЬНОЙ ОТРАСЛИ ПРИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОЕКТОВ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КОМФОРТНОЙ ГОРОДСКОЙ СРЕДЫ

The article reveals the strategic possibilities of the applicability of economic mechanisms. Using the example of the applicability of the Clark – Groves mechanism in the implementation of projects for the formation of a comfortable urban environment, the advantages of digitalization of public administration are substantiated. The purpose of the work is to substantiate from the standpoint of economic theory (public sector economics, welfare economics) the innovative nature of the applicability of economic mechanisms, the design of mechanisms in the development of optimal collective decisions regarding the provision of public goods to citizens produced by the construction industry. Priority tasks are defined: clarification of theoretical and methodological provisions of economic theory and economic mechanisms in the implementation of strategies of economic agents; analysis of methodological and applied foundations of public sector economics and game theory, mechanism design from the perspective of the general theory of strategy; study of social and economic opportunities to increase the effectiveness of the public good and minimize the problem of the “stowaway”; study of the Clark – Groves mechanism, its limitations and advantages; application of the Clark – Groves tax in solving the problem of the ”stowaway” in the implementation of projects for the formation of a comfortable urban environment. Methods of work: analysis of scientific and author’s results. The scientific work was carried out in the context of methodological approaches of Russian scientists V. L. Makarov, V. L. Quint, I. V. Novikova, N. M. Novikova, I. I. Pospelova and American economists E. Clark, T. Groves. The conclusion is made: the use of the managerial potential of economic mechanisms, the design of mechanisms in the conditions of digital transformation of public administration, priority sectors of the economy and the social sphere makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of strategic management of the construction industry, in terms of the provision of public goods within the framework of projects for the formation of a comfortable urban environment. The scope of application of the results obtained: state authorities of the Russian Federation and its subjects, local self-government in terms of the implementation of projects for the improvement of public territories and the provision of public goods to citizens.

From the History of the Formation of the European Doctrine of Protection and Restoration of Monuments at the End of the 18th — 19th Century (for Example, Marienburg Castle)

The article examines new facts about the beginning of the formation of the European (primarily German) doctrine of the protection of monuments, which also laid the foundations of the modern Polish theory and practice of preserving the architectural heritage and scientific restoration. The role of the aesthetics of romanticism in the formation of historicism and awareness of the importance of cultural heritage is shown. The history of the development of the theoretical, systemic and legal basis for the protection of monuments, based on a new assessment of their role in the formation of the culture of the nation, is presented. The role of the memorandum “Preservation of all monuments and antiquities of our country” (1815) by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in the preservation of German architectural monuments was noted. The authorship of the drawings of Marienburg in 1794 is proved. Evidence is given that he was Friedrich Gilly (1748–1808), i. e. Gilly-a son. It is noted, that the exhibition of these drawings at the Berlin Academy of Arts (1795) played an important role in re-evaluating the culture of the Middle Ages during the period of the “conflict” of the ideas of the Enlightenment and Romanticism at the turn of the 18th–19th centuries (“about 1800”). On the example of the history of the “restoration” of the Marienburg castle (today Malbork) the change in the methods of restoration of the 19th century is shown, the contribution of famous cultural figures and leading architects to the organization and conduct of restoration work is noted.

EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND INVESTMENT IN CHINA

With the globalization of economy, China is playing an increasingly important role in the world economy. As a part of China's economy, the development of agricultural economy has influenced the development of China's economy. At present, China's economic growth rate has decreased slightly due to the impact of the epidemic. China's economic development has kept in touch with the world economy. This article evaluates the current state of economic development and investment in China under the influence of globalization process and external economic processes. It also examines in detail the theoretical foundations and practical application of agricultural investment management, with the aim of providing useful recommendations and reference materials for decision-makers in the agricultural sector by defining basic concepts, analyzing the foundations of theory and research methods.

Game Theory Foundations: Musical Chairs

Game Theory Foundations: Musical Chairs

Determining the Legal Relations of Gemological Objects of Natural Origin

Determining the essence, correlation and types of objects of law and objects of legal relations is considered one of the most debatable issues in the theory of law, having significant theoretical and practical significance. This article analyzes the constitutional, subsoil and gemological legislation regulating relations arising out from material gemological objects. The objective of this study is to understand intersectoral aspects of gemstones of natural origin, having been considered as an object of legal relations. The methodology comprised of dialectical, comparative legal, formal legal (dogmatic), formal logical, critical legal, systemic-structural and systemic-functional methods. This is the first time when geological-legal science has proposed the foundation of a dualistic theory addressing the multi-level structure of objects of gemological legal relations. It consists of the symbiosis of gemologically-significant actions and goods. The article also proposes general legal definition (an object of gemological law, an object of legal regulation of gemological law, an object of gemological legal relations), and special-legal definition (amber-bearing subsoil, natural gemstones) aimed at developing and improving the national gemological law.

Obsesi Tokoh Nenek Dalam Gamitan Biososiokultural pada Novel Nenek Hebat Dari Saga Karya Yoshici Shimada

The problem of natural disasters is a form of human inability to understand environmental ethics. Humans cause the tendency for natural disasters to occur. Humans, as creatures equipped with thoughts and are believed to be leaders, still violate the provisions that apply in tradition. This study aims to reveal the obsession and idealistic manifestation of women in the "Nenek" character in the novel Nenek Hebat Dari Saga by Yoshici Shimada. In addition, consider perspective and cultural perspectives. The data in this study are in the form of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences, the interpretation of which is believed to contain the values of environmental education. The data for this study came from Yoshici Shimada's children's novel, Nenek Hebat Dari Saga. The results show that there are three values of environmental education or sociocultural values contained in the novel Nenek Hebat Dari Saga by Yoshici Shimida, namely: the value of environmental education on responsibility, the value of sociocultural compassion and concern for nature; the value of not harming; the value of living simply and in harmony with nature; and the value of democratic environmental education. As a result, the obsession of the "Nenek" figure with overcoming the decline in environmental education values can be used as the foundation of sociocultural theory so that humans can live simple and ethical life. Thus, this research can provide input to teachers and parents in providing reading material to children that can raise awareness among children about the importance of preserving the environment

Extending norm activation theory to understand publics' support for environmentally responsible organizations

PurposePrevious studies have empirically examined the positive outcomes organizations can achieve by engaging in environmentally responsible actions, but the underlying mechanism of the reasons why publics engage in supportive behaviors for those organizations has not been examined in light of theoretical foundations. To fill this gap, this paper builds on a foundation of norm activation theory to explore the effect of publics' awareness of environmental consequences on perceived environmental responsibility of organizations and organizational norm, which can have an impact on publics' supportive behavior toward environmentally responsible organizations. The potential relationships between social media use for environmental information and other variables are also explored.Design/methodology/approachDrawing on norm activation theory, an online survey was conducted among 288 adults in the United States. Participants were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk.FindingsFindings indicate the impact of individuals' awareness of environmental consequences on their ascription of responsibility to organizations, which influences organizational norm and supportive behavior intention toward organizations.Originality/valueThis study is one of the first attempts to explore the underlying mechanism of publics' support for environmentally responsible organizations.

Moderate Hajj: Management of Hajj Manasik Guidance Based on Religious Moderation

The purpose of this study was to obtain an overview and analyze the application of management and its functions in the guidance of religious moderation-based Hajj rituals at KBIHU Khazanah Mandiri Depok and Ibnu Aqil Bogor. This study uses descriptive-qualitative methods and approaches and data collection techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation studies. The foundation of management theory is from Henry Fayol, the theory of religious moderation refers to the principle of wasathiyah from Yusuf Al Qardhawi, and the theory of independence from Steinberg. The study results show that the management functions from the planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and controlling stages in the guidance of Hajj rituals in both KBIHU have generally been implemented but have yet to be optimal. Several weaknesses include religious moderation material, independence, competency standards for prospective pilgrims, assessment in guidance, and visual aids. The results of this study recommend that the management of Hajj ritual guidance at KBIHU continues to be developed and optimized in the form of an integrated Hajj ritual guidance model based on religious moderation and quality-oriented.

Microscopic mechanisms of coral reef limestone crack propagation

Coral reef limestone (CRL) is a marine sedimentary rock dominated by biogenesis, and its composition as well as internal structure characteristics are different from traditional terrigenous rocks. This article used CT scanning and petrographic thin section observations to visually and quantitatively analyze crack morphological characteristics after triaxial shear failure at a microscopic scale. The analysis revealed the mechanism of crack initiation and propagation from the perspectives of geological genesis and fracture mechanics. Results show that the crack propagation mechanism in the bio-cemented framework includes propagation along crystal boundaries and across crystals. Cracks can be classified as intergranular cracks, transgranular cracks, and bifurcation cracks based on crack morphology. The destruction mode of the specimen is controlled by the pore structure and cemented framework. Based on the pore distribution, the destruction mode can be divided into local tension failure and monoclinic shear failure. Understanding CRL crack propagation mechanisms has important scientific significance and practical engineering value for enriching rock damage theory and long-term stability analysis of island reef engineering foundations.

Critique and emancipation as normative axes of social theory and education

In this article, we argue that critique and emancipation are two unavoidable horizons for popular education and social movements. As epistemological foundations of social theory, critique and emancipation shed light on the theoretical and practical tasks of progressive social struggles in contemporary society. We reconstruct the historical and political roots of critical philosophical frameworks embedding the denunciation of the current distress, as well as the prospects to overcome it, in order to establish a normative conceptual scheme for social movements with an emphasis on popular education.