Forum Sites Research Articles

Frontal Edema Due to Topical Application of %5 Minoxidil Solution Following Mesotherapy Injections.

Sir, A 37‑year‑old woman referred to our clinic complaining of hair loss. On dermatological examination, thinning of the hair on vertex was noticed. Laboratory findings were in normal limits. She was diagnosed as female androgenetic alopecia and decided to perform scalp mesotherapy. Three sessions of multiple intradermal biotin injections were performed by point by point mesotherapy injection technique [1] at 15 days intervals. There were not detected any complications after these biotin mesotherapy sessions. Fourth biotin mesotherapy treatment was performed similar to previous sessions, additionally, immediately after mesotherapy injections, approximately in 10 min, topical %5 minoxidil solution was topically applied with gentle massage. 16 h after the fourth session a firm frontal edema was developed, erythema and pain were not associated to edema [Figure 1]. Frontal edema resolved gradually in 2 days. After 2 weeks, the fifth biotin mesotherapy treatment was performed again without topical application of minoxidil and no complication was detected after the fifth session. Minoxidil solution can be used in the treatment of alopecia by topical application or by mesotherapy injection. It is shown that minoxidil enhances hair growth by prolonging the anagen phase and induces new hair growth. [2] It is instructed not to use minoxidil over than 1–2 cc within mesotherapy cocktail because the hypotension can be seen due to excess vasodilatation. [2,3] The vasodilator effect of minoxidil is well‑known, and vasodilatory edema is a well‑known side effect of vasodilators. [4] With respect of these knowledges, we comment the reason of frontal edema in this patient is due to the excessive absorption of topical applicated %5 minoxidil after hundreds of mesotherapy injections. Though minoxidil was applicated topically, it was absorpted too much by the pores of injected sites and effected as a locally vasodilator and caused the frontal edema. The previous mesotherapy sessions and the last mesotherapy sessions were not complicated, so we suggest the biotin mesotherapy injection does not have a role in this side effect. In the medical literature, we could not found a reported case describing facial edema due to minoxidil application neither by topically nor by mesotherapy injection. However, in patient forum sites we detected that patients noticed “puffy face” due to topical application of minoxidil solution. We present this case to remind the locally edematous effect of minoxidil solution.

PRODUCT ASPECT RANKING USING DOMAIN DEPENDENT AND DOMAIN INDEPENDENT REVIEW

In today’s world, internet is the main source of information. There are many blogs and forum sites available where people discuss on different issues and also almost all ecommerce website provide facility to the users to express opinion about their product and services which is important information available on the internet .The problem with this information is that this reviews are mostly not organized therefore creating difficulty for knowledge acquisition. There are many solution exist to resolve this problem but the available existing methods depends on extracting product aspect only considering single domain relevant review corpus. To address this problem, a method is explored to identify product aspect from online review is by taking into account the difference in aspect statistical characteristic across different corpus. This paper shows need of automatically identifying important product aspects from available online customer review and an approach of aspect ranking. This paper also shows the related work on this domain. Our methodology confirmed product aspect which are less nonspecific in domain independent corpus and more domain specific. Then customer opinion expressed on these aspects is determined using sentiment classifier and finally ranking of product aspect is calculated using it’s ranking relevance score of each aspect .

A Wrapper for Extracting Information Records from Forums based on Page Segmentation

Foraging information from web forums is still one of the most challenging information retrieval tasks due to various combinations of auto-generated page structural information and user-created contents. Traditional information extraction methods employ either duplicated subtree pattern detection methods, or machine learning methods. Due to the periodical update of forum templates and diversity of page contents, aforementioned approaches do not work very well on forum sites. In this paper, we present a pagesegmentation based wrapper specially designed for mining data pattern of web forums, which combines a novel page segmentation algorithm and decision tree classifier together to detect the data pattern in forum. In the segmentation phase, a novel page segmentation algorithm is proposed to identify the records areas in a page, then a classifier is adopted to identify the detailed pattern of each record in the extraction phase. Extensive experiments on various types of web forums are conducted and the results conclude that our wrapper is a more generalized one which requires only few labeled training data.

Personalizing Forum Search using Multidimensional Random Walks

Online forums are a vital resource for users to ask questions and to participate in discussions. Yet, the search functionality on such forum sites is very primitive; posts containing the searched keywords are retrieved in the order of their creation date. In these interactive and social web forum sites, users frequently make connections with other users due to shared interests, same information needs or similar profiles. A critical challenge then, is to score and rank the forum posts while taking into account these relations between users. In this paper, we present a personalized search over forums that leverages user similarities developed via multiple relations linking users. We build a novel multidimensional random walk model that uniformly incorporates the heterogeneous user relations to find similar forum participants. We then use this multi-relational user similarity to predict future interactions by personalizing answer search. Furthermore, we extend our methods to enhance keyword search for forum readers, by using expertise scores for all existing forum participants. Our results show that by leveraging the author dimension we can retrieve more relevant results than the traditional IR scoring alone.

Bey or bouy

This paper is the first study of the orthographic patterns of speakers of Bahamian Creole English (BCE) when attempting to write their language in online environments. For the study, a corpus of 2.5 million words was retrieved from the online forum site <www.bahamasissues.com>. Corpus-linguistic software packages were used to determine keywords, concordances, and token frequencies. The study finds that there exists evidence of a non-codified common core of spellings in BCE, a pattern that has not up to now been described in an academic publication. The piece has implications for future lexicographic and orthographic studies of BCE.

Attitudes of women in midlife to web-based interventions for promoting physical activity

We explored the attitudes of women at midlife to web-based interventions for promoting physical activity. 145 women volunteered to participate in one of four online forums. The forums were for four major racial/ethnic groups. 90 volunteers were recruited for the online forums (29 Whites, 23 Hispanics, 21 African Americans, and 17 Asians). Two sets of topics on attitudes to physical activity and racial/ethnic contexts were used. Each topic had some introductory questions and related prompts, and these were posted on the online forum sites in a serial fashion during the six-month period. We used a thematic analysis. Four major themes emerged: (1) 'a matter of the source of the information'; (2) 'I can pace myself'; (3) 'lack of interpersonal interactions'; and (4) 'culture-specificity and low cost.' The women in all ethnic groups thought that the source of the information was much more important than the medium of the information (e.g. web-based, booklet or face-to-face). They liked the self-controllability in web-based interventions. They preferred web-based interventions to other types of interventions because of easy accessibility, but they were concerned about lack of interpersonal interaction. None of the White or African American women indicated the need for culture-specificity in web-based interventions, but Hispanic and Asian women indicated that culture-specific interventions should be provided. Web-based interventions appear to have several advantages over conventional approaches to promoting physical activity.

인터넷 토론 사이트의 논쟁댓글 및 논쟁관계 시각화

최근에는 인터넷 토론 사이트에서 댓글을 이용해 다른 사람들과 토론이나 논쟁하는 경우를 흔히 볼 수 있다. 논쟁을 통해 게시물의 내용과는 다른 새로운 의견이 나타날 수도 있으므로 논쟁댓글을 파악하고 식별하는 것은 중요한 문제라고 할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 국내의 인터넷 토론 사이트인 SkepticalLeft와 아고라에서 수집한 댓글을 통해 인터넷 토론 게시판에서 논쟁댓글의 특성을 분석하였다. 그리고 이를 바탕으로 댓글 목록의 논쟁구간과 논쟁관계를 검출하고 이를 시각화하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법의 성능을 보이기 위해 논쟁댓글과 논쟁 쌍을 검출하고 정확도와 재현율 그리고 F-measure를 측정하였다. 논쟁댓글검출 성능은 F-measure가 0.84(SkepticalLeft)와 0.83(아고라)으로 측정되었고, 논쟁 쌍 검출은 각각 0.75(SketpcialLeft)와 0.82(아고라)로 측정되었다. 제안 방법은 댓글 작성자의 순서관계만을 이용하므로 사용언어나 철자법에 제약받지 않는다. 또한 시각화된 뷰를 통해 게시판 이용자들이 댓글에 내포된 논쟁구조를 파악하는데 도움을 줄 것이다. Recently, many users discuss and argue with others using replying comments. This implies that a series of comments can be a new source of information since various opinions can be appeared in the dispute. It is important to understand the implicit dispute structure immanent in the comment set. In this paper, we examine the characteristics of disputes using replying comments in the Internet forum sites using a set of test articles with the comments collected from SketicalLeft and Agora, which are famous Internet forum sites in Korea. And we propose a new method for detecting and visualizing the dispute sections and relations from a large set of replying comments. To show the performance of our method, we measured precision, recall, and F-measure. According to the experimental results, the F-measures of the detection of the comments in dispute are about 0.84 (SketpcialLeft) and 0.83 (Agora); those of the detection of the commenter pairs in dispute are 0.75 (SketpcialLeft) and 0.82 (Agora), respectively. Since our method exploits the temporal order of commenters to detect the disputes, it is not dependent on the host language nor on the typos in comments. Also, our method can help the readers to grasp the structure of controversy hidden in the comment set through the visualized view.

An Equilibrium Model of User Generated Content

This paper considers the joint creation and consumption of content on user generated content platforms (e.g., reviews or articles, chat, videos, etc.). On these platforms, users' utilities depend upon the participation of others; hence, users' expectations regarding the participation of others on the site becomes germane to their own involvement levels. Yet these beliefs are often assumed to be fixed. Accordingly, we develop a dynamic rational expectations equilibrium model of joint consumption and generation of information. We estimate the model on a novel data set from a large Internet forum site and use the model to offer recommendations regarding site strategy. Results indicate that beliefs play a major role in UGC, ignoring these beliefs leads to erroneous inferences about consumer behavior, and that these beliefs have an important implications for the marketing strategy of UGC sites.We find that user and site generated content can be either strategic complements or substitutes depending on whether the competition for existing readers exceeds the potential to attract new ones. In our data, the competitive effect substantially dilutes the market expansion effect of site generated content. Likewise, past and current content can also be either strategic substitutes or complements. Results indicate more durable content increases overall site participation, suggesting that the site should invest in making past information easier to find (via better search or page design). Third, because content consumption and generation interact, it is unclear which factor dominates in network growth. We find that decreasing content consumption costs (perhaps by changing site design or via search tools) enhances site engagement more than decreasing content generating costs. Overall, enhancing content durability and reducing content consumption cost appear to be the most effective strategies for increasing site visitation.

HOW THE INTERNET IS GIVING BIRTH (TO) A NEW SOCIAL ORDER

The expansion of technological access has led to substantial shifting in opportunities to connect geographically dispersed members of marginalized groups. Digital networks offer less powerful individuals access to challenging the social order. The Internet, believed to be inherently democratic, has produced a new shift in the politics of pregnancy. This study examines the culture of three public Internet forum sites dedicated to experiences of pregnant women. Where online support forums for breast cancer and other ‘ill’ communities have been researched previously, pregnancy falls into a unique divide between infirm and well. Pregnant women are not ill based on their status as pregnant, yet many suffer ailments and illnesses as a result of their pregnancies. Additionally, the burden of uncertainty shouldered by pregnant women, with fears of miscarriage, harming the fetus, and even personal death, haunt most throughout their pregnancies. Yet, previous research has shown that doctors are often found to be unsympathetic to these fears and discomforts, socializing women toward a culture of maternal sacrifice, whereby discounting their suffering as ‘good for the baby’. Online forums have emerged, offering pregnant women space to challenge the culture which dictates suffering in silence. Our analysis reveals that participants use online pregnancy forums to ask questions, gauge the normalcy of their physical and psychological experiences, and vent their frustrations to an audience that is both sympathetic and supportive. Online forums for pregnant women offer empowerment through information sharing and entitle women to ask more questions, demand more information, and challenge their medical providers.

Automatically extracting user reviews from forum sites

User reviews in forum sites are the important information source for many popular applications (e.g., monitoring and analysis of public opinion), which are usually represented in form of structured records. To the best of our knowledge, little existing work reported in the literature has systemically investigated the problem of extracting user reviews from forum sites. Besides the variety of web page templates, user-generated reviews raise two new challenges. First, the inconsistency of review contents in terms of both the document object model (DOM) tree and visual appearance impair the similarity between review records; second, the review content in a review record corresponds to complicated subtrees rather than single nodes in the DOM tree. To tackle these challenges, we present WeRE — a system that performs automatic user review extraction by employing sophisticated techniques. The review records are extracted from web pages based on the proposed level-weighted tree similarity algorithm first, and then the review contents in records are extracted exactly by measuring the node consistency. Our experimental results based on 20 forum sites indicate that WeRE can achieve high extraction accuracy.

Black Women in Menopausal Transition

To describe the experience of menopausal symptoms of midlife Black women in the United States. Qualitative online forum using a feminist perspective. Internet communities for midlife women and Blacks. Twenty midlife Black women recruited using a quota sampling method. A 6-month online forum was conducted with seven discussion topics on menopausal symptoms. The discussion topics were posted sequentially on the forum site, and the women posted messages at their convenience over 6 months. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The identified themes were raised to be strong, accepting a natural aging process, silent and without knowledge, and our own experience. The women tried to be strong during their menopausal transitions while dealing with other important family matters. The women did not report their menopausal symptoms and were silent about or downplayed their symptoms, but many emphasized the importance of education about menopausal symptoms and highlighted their own lack of knowledge. These women generally did not talk about their symptoms because they believed that nobody except other Black midlife women could understand their menopausal experience. Health care providers need to develop a mechanism to deliver the necessary knowledge about menopausal symptoms and management strategies to Black midlife women in their health care practices.

Verso un cosmopolitismo emancipatore: differenze e conflitti nel Forum Sociale Mondiale

Towards an Emancipatory Cosmopolitanism. Differences and Conflicts in the World Social Forum - Can global civil society contribute to genuinely emancipator cosmopolitanism? Is the World Social Forum site for creating the conditions of global convivial existence, based on equality, justice, and non-violence? Its Charter states that the WSF is a forum open to pluralism and to (...) diversity of genders, ethnicities, cultures, generations and physical capacities. This statement acknowledges variation within the WSF but remains silent about power and structural imbalances within it. Later, in the practice of the WSF the word difference, recognition of the political implications of variance, replaced diversity. However, the consciousness of the need for transformative political action to engage the full potential of difference is not fully fulfilled. Instead, the approach to mediation, articulation, and management of differences in the WSF is often politically inconsistent with the Forum’s principles. While difference in unity is one of the slogans of the Forum, the unity is often produced as form of generic activist cosmopolitanism that everyone should be able to understand and fit into comfortably. Whereas at time strategically successful, the reduction of cosmopolitanism to the lowest common denominator between world cultures and specific normative thrusts, may prove counterproductive unless it engages in transformative processes. This article discusses conflict management and transformation in the WSF on the basis of extensive fieldwork material. The case study offers the opportunity to discuss three approaches to conflict mediation: incommensurable, hegemonic and transformative. The evidence presented brings us to conclude that transformative conflict mediation while proved to be more successful in the context discussed is also more consistent with the vision of the WSF.

ONLINE SUPPORT FOR SINGLE, LOW-INCOME, AFRICAN AMERICAN MOTHERS

To enhance understanding of the phenomenon of being a single, low-income, African American mother through their discussions and use of an Internet-based social support intervention. The New Mothers Network discussion forum was made available to 20 mothers in their homes for 6 months after the infant's birth. Nineteen mothers posted 174 messages to research nurses and to one another. Thematic analysis of the written messages was completed. The following themes emerged from discussion forum comments: (a) dealing with the father of the baby, (b) mourning losses, (c) positive and negative support, (d) financial needs and concerns, (e) career and educational goals, (f) balancing act, (g) trust issues, and (h) tuned in to baby. The New Mothers Network allowed these African American mothers to share their experiences and assimilate information from nurses about caring for themselves and their infants. Other nurses can create similar Internet discussion forums for the purposes of providing social support to mothers who have access to computers. Computer software for creating discussion forum sites can be purchased at a reasonable cost, and some are available free of charge.

Patterns of online behaviour in the United Kingdom and Japan: Insights based on asynchronous online conversations

This comparative study examines aspects of online behaviour exhibited by participants in online discussion groups in the United Kingdom and Japan. The primary data consists of message board threads gathered from U.K. and Japanese Internet forum sites with the analysis focusing on hyperlinks contained in the forum messages as well as dates and times of posting extracted from the message heads. A 'reading' of hyperlinks is undertaken through consulting N-gram frequencies obtained from each data set, juxtaposed and compared with the help of a coefficient of difference and the chi-square test. Contrasts in Internet surfing patterns, information-gathering preferences, and references to video, audio, pictorial and sexual content are examined; post times are used to compare daily and weekly patterns of posting activity between the two countries. This study also provides an overview of the uses that N-grams have in natural language processing and argues for their analytical potential in sociolinguistic and CMC-related research.

Boundaries and information: Sidestepping restrictions through Internet conversations

Central Asian chat sites can transcend geographic boundaries and repression of information to provide access to information from around the globe. Chat and forums users gain information that is domestically censored or restricted in traditional media and share it with offline domestic communities. Because youth is the dominant demographic participating in chat and forum sites, these online exchanges and communities are likely to have important longer-term implications for information seeking and expectations of new and traditional media. We use cross-country survey data, interview data, and participant observation of online chat and forum sites to explore the exchange of information, emergence of opinions, global connections, and offline implications for communities within the region. This study examines how information and communication technologies take root in a technology-emergent society like Central Asia and has important implications for understanding attitudes toward and practices of adopting technology in other developing regions around the world.

I can see you: harassment and stalking on the Internet

It is an inevitable consequence of plausible anonymity and deliberately lax regulation that the potential for ‘virtual’ harassment or ‘cyber-’stalking, with the attendant possibility of threats, alarm, distress, slander and physical danger that go hand in hand with real world harassment, will increase the more widely available access to the Internet. The (relatively) recent explosion in casual exchange of personal information following the growth of sophisticated social networking platforms, the logical successors to more basic Internet chat-rooms, opens further the possibility of acquiring an unwanted connection with an obsessive party. The authors consider the application of current UK legislative safeguards to the Internet, looking at the suitability of the Protection from Harassment Act 1997, data protection, unauthorised modification of computer software, libel law, external Internet regulation, Convention and Codes, and the potential for vicarious liability of employers where harassment is carried out by an employee, amongst other issues and conclude that there is a pressing need for primary legislation to counter the inadequacy and lacunae found in current domestic law. The authors go on to consider the extraterritorial application of such legislation and postulate the need for a re-balancing of the competing rights of freedom of speech and personal safety and wellbeing. The authors further consider the potential liabilities of Internet Service Providers (ISPs), webhosts and Social Networking and chat-room forum sites, concluding that a shift in liability for Internet harassment from progenitor to facilitator is inevitable.

Worth an Agora? 2003 E-lection Party Sites and Public Discourse

Democracy started over 2,500 years ago in Athens. As the form of government was largely one of direct democracy, the focus of deliberation was the ‘agora’ – a forum in which Athens’ citizenry debated and decided on public policy and law. Modern democracy, on the other hand, is representative, so that policymaking and legislation by definition occurs within the parliament and executive branch. Nevertheless, the shift from public agora to governmental parliament need not in principle remove the populace from the deliberative process – certainly not when it is called upon tomake the only formal decision within the system: election of the representatives. The fact that this generally does not occur in the modern age is less a function of political philosophy than of logistics – how do millions find each other, not to mention carry on some sort of rational discourse? They normally cannot. As a result, election campaigns have also been removed from the purview of the citizenry and given over to the candidates and especially to the mass media. Consequently, almost all political communications researchers have focused on top-to-bottom election discourse: candidates (and parties)-topublic, as well as media-to-public. This traditional situation is now undergoing change for the first time in modern democratic history with the advent of a ‘mass’ medium – the internet – that renders bottom-to-bottom (‘peer-to-peer’) and bottom-totop (citizen-to-party) communication as effortless as its more traditional counterpart: ‘the media is [sic ] still monologic and one-way – the great and the good speak and everyone else listens or turns off. There is a way out of that tradition: a “civic commons” in cyberspace . . . intelligent spaces for public deliberation about policy issues online’. Of course, the internet not only empowers the citizenry, it can also be fruitfully exploited by the parties and the candidates for their own purposes – through top-to-bottom communication. However, as opposed to the public that has not had much opportunity to express itself during

Table of Contents

Abstract THE HIDDEN WHOLENESSParadox in Teaching and LearningParker J. Palmer Editor's Note: TECHPEDA Virtual Communal SpaceTom CreedSaint John's University FUNDAMENTALSLinebackers, Dancers and Professors: Techniques for Fancy FootworkLaura BorderDirector, Graduate Teacher ProgramUniversity of Colorado at Boulder VIEWPOINTThe Hands of Teacher“The great teacher touches lives.” —Anon.William ReinsmithPhiladelphia College of Pharmacy and Science THE WEBThe Forum's Site of DistinctionJames Rhem, Executive Editor

The Roman Forum Site in London: Discoveries before 1985

The Roman Forum Site in London: Discoveries before 1985

The Roman Pewter-Moulds from Silchester

SummaryPieces of six limestone moulds for the casting of pewter vessels, found on the Forum site at Silchester, are described and illustrated. Five were for casting three types of dish or plate. Two were moulded on both sides to form part of nests of moulds. The sixth piece was the inner mould for a cup or flagon. The techniques of manufacture are considered. The grooves for casting the rims and feet appear to be compass-drawn, but it is argued that there is no evidence that the moulds were lathe-turned.