Pellet Formulation Research Articles

Palatability, glycemic, and insulinemic responses to various carbohydrate formulations: Alternatives for the diagnosis of insulin dysregulation in horses?

Oral glycemic challenge (GC) tests are recommended for diagnosis of insulin dysregulation (ID). Various protocols are used, but all have limitations in terms of palatability, ease of use, variable composition, geographic availability, or some combination of these. To evaluate newly developed formulations with defined carbohydrate composition for use as oral GCs. Thirty-four horses and ponies in various metabolic states. Our objectives were carried out in 2 separate cross-over experiments. First, the palatability and acceptance of various GCs (2 syrups, 1 granulate) offered for free intake were compared to glucose mixed in a chaff-based diet. Subsequently, syrups were administered by syringe and compared to an oral glucose test using naso-gastric tubing (tube OGT) to investigate the glycemic and insulinemic responses. Second, these variables were compared in the best performing GC-formulations (granulate further optimized to pelleted formulation and 1 syrup) and a tube OGT. All GCs were administered with equivalent amounts of 0.5g glycemic carbohydrates per kg body weight. Only the GC pellets were consumed completely by all horses (consumption time 5 ± 2min). When administered by syringe, the GC syrup also was well accepted. The insulin concentrations at 120 min correlated significantly between tube OGT and GC pellets (r=.717; P < .001) or GC syrup (r=.913; P < .001). The new GC syrup and GC pellets discriminate between healthy and ID horses. The GC pellets (DysChEq)™ and GC syrup can be used as palatable and well-accepted oral GC tests for assessment of ID in horses.

Plant Growth-Promoting Attributes of Zinc Solubilizing Dietzia maris Isolated from Polyhouse Rhizospheric Soil of Punjab.

Zinc solubilizing rhizobacteria (ZSR) enhance the phyto-availability of Zn by converting its insoluble forms into usable forms that are essential for the growth and nutritional quality of crops. In the present study, a potential ZSR, hereafter referred to as strain N14, was isolated from the polyhouse rhizospheric soil of Punjab, India. The isolated rhizobacteria was found to be Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, and demonstrated a solubilization index of 63.75 on the Bunt Rovira (BR) medium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that isolated strain N14 matches substantially with type strain Dietzia maris DSM 43672T. In its ZnO broth assay, a significant amount of soluble Zn was detected along with a simultaneous decrease in pH of the broth. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed the release of organic acids, specifically, lactic acid and acetic acid by D. maris strain N14 which could be the reason for the decrease in broth pH. The production of indole acetic acid (29.91µg/ml), gibberellic acid (4.72µg/ml), ammonia (38.87µg/ml), siderophore (0.89%), along with the release of HCN and appearance of phosphate solubilization zone (14.4mm) with this strain suggested its possible plant growth-promoting (PGP) characteristics. Therefore, this strain was employed in the formulation of pellets which were applied for in vivo PGPstudies using tomato plants. The developed bioformulated pellets showed a significant enhancement in plant growth as compared to control and vermicompost treated plants. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the Zn solubilizing and PGP characteristics of D. maris.

Indirect control of the ground-pearl Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Wille, 1992) (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Margarodidae) using ants toxic baits

Linepithema micans (Forel, 1908) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is the main ant species responsible for spreading the ground pearl, Eurhizococcus brasiliensis (Wille, 1992) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae). The effect of different formulations of hydramethylnon toxic baits (TB) was evaluated on the control of L. micans and E. brasiliensis. Four formulations of TB were evaluated in a greenhouse to control L. micans. Based on the greenhouse experiment results, the small pellet formulation of the TB was selected to be evaluated, through weekly applications, in two vineyards naturally infested by L. micans and E. brasiliensis. Later, in order to establish the number of applications, 1, 3, 6 and 10 applications in the season were evaluated. The bait treatments were compared with the number of ants and ground pearls counted on one area free of TB and one area with the drench application of thiamethoxam. Hydramethylnon (0.5%) TB in the small pellet (SP) and large pellet (LP) formulations were the most efficient in L. micans control. The SP TB, applied six times during the vine cycle, effectively control the number of L. micans, reducing 100% of the ant population, as well as the E. brasiliensis, reducing 99.9% of the scale population on plants.

SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION RATE ENHANCEMENT OF TELMISARTAN BY SOLID DISPERSION AND PELLETIZATION TECHNIQUES USING KOLLIDON VA 64 AS CARRIER

Objective: In the present investigation, an attempt was made to improve the surface characters and solubility of the drug by solid dispersion and coating it on the nonpareil sugar beads as pellets. Methods: Telmisartan solid dispersions were prepared by solvent evaporation technique using Kollidon VA64 as binder and solubility enhancer, Crospovidone as disintegrant and ethanol was used as the solvent. Telmisartan pellets were prepared by dissolving telmisartan, kollidonVA64, Crospovidone in ethanol in different ratios and coated on nonpareil sugar beads as a drug layer by pan coating technique. All the formulations were further evaluated for physicochemical parameters such as particle size, friability, angle of repose and drug content. In vitro dissolution studies were carried out in pH 7.5 phosphate buffer by using USP apparatus II. Results: It was observed that the dissolution rate of the solid dispersion formulation TSD5 showed a better dissolution rate to the extent of 1.113 folds and 1.979 folds when compared to a marketed formulation and pure drug, respectively. Similarly, the formulation TPL3containing 1:3 ratio of Telmisartan to Kollidon VA64 showed an improved dissolution rate to the extent of 1.150 folds and 2.045 folds when compared to the marketed formulation and pure drug, respectively. Majority of the formulations displayed first-order release kinetics and were found to be linear with R2 values in the range of 0.905 to 0.994. FTIR analysis and DSC analysis revealed that there was no major interaction between the drug and the excipients used in the design of the formulation. SEM analysis was performed for solid dispersions, pellet formulations and its polymers to determine the surface characteristics. Conclusion: From the present study, it was observed that the solubility of Telmisartan was enhanced by Kollidon VA 64 in pellet formulations when compared to solid dispersions.

Formulation and Evaluation of Mebeverine Hydrochloride Sustained Release Capsules by Pelletization Technique

The objective of the present study is aimed to formulate and evaluate sustained-release Mebeverine hydrochloride capsules using the Pelletization technique. Mebeverine hydrochloride, an anti-spasmodic drug is highly water soluble with a half-life of 2h and is suitable to develop sustained action for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Mebeverine hydrochloride prolongs medication release in the GIT and, as a result, into the plasma, while reducing the frequency of drug administration, adverse effects, and patient compliance. Mebeverine hydrochloride were prepared by using polymers The drug-polymer and excipient compatibility was defined by the FTIR studies in the pre-formulation study. The calibration curve for the drug is plotted and checked the physicochemical properties. Six formulations (F1-F6) of Mebeverine hydrochloride pellets were prepared using different quantities of Ethylcellulose N 50 and other standard excipients. In vitro, drug release studies were performed for the pellets for 1.2, 4, 6, 8, and 12hrs. The optimized formulation F6 showed 76.8 % drug release after 12h showing that ethyl cellulose N 50 acts as a rate-controlling agent. The drug release of the chosen formulation follows first-order kinetics with a zero-order mechanism, according to absorption kinetics.

Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Pellets of Verapamil HCL

Verapamil Hydrochloride, an antihypertensive agent which is used as a calcium channel blocker. The aim of the present study was to formulate and evaluate Verapamil HCL sustained release pellets. The work is to obtain Verapamil HCL sustained release pellets by using HPMC based polymers i.e., HPMC AN6, HPMC E5, HPMC E15 in the sustained release layer. The verapamil Hydrochloride has pH-dependent solubility. To overcome the pH dependent solubility Fumaric acid was used that which provides micro-acidic environment. Different Ratios of Ethyl-cellulose and HPMC polymers were used to optimise and evaluate the formulation for the sustained release of the drug. It uses the Pelletization technology. This technique is practised to produce pellets of uniform size with high drug loading capacity and also to prevent the segregation and dust.

Formulation of enteric-coated pellets containing diclofenac sodium by coating technology

Background: Diclofenac sodium (DS) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) that has strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, but it has many serious side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. Enteric-coated DS pellets have many advantages such as limited drug release in the stomach, with Eudragit L100 coating to help drug release in the intestines, avoiding side effects in the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was to formulate enteric-coated pellets and to evaluate the physico-chemical properties of prepared pellets. Materials and methods: DS, HPMC, Eudragit L100 were used in this study. DS pellets were prepared using sugar spheres layered with DS followed by an enteric coat of Eudragit L100. Results: Prepared enteric-coated DS pellets by layering method using HPMC as a binding agent and Eudragit L100 as enteric-coated membrane to help pellets ensure the release of drug in the gastrointestinal tract. Pellets have a nice shape, the size range of 0.7-1 mm, the layering efficiency of 36.69%, the drug content of 8.84% ± 0.43% (w/w). The drug release was 3.59% after 2h in acidic environment of pH 1.2 and 84.9% after 1h in phosphate buffered saline of pH 6.8. Conclusions: Enteric-coated pellets of DS were successfully prepared by using coating technology. Key words: diclofenac sodium, pellet, coating technology

Implementation of two-function fish pellet machine for empowerment of fish cultivator group Gelondoro Sidoarjo

In the post-Covid-19 pandemic, the Gelondoro fish cultivator group, Jabon Sidoarjo District, had difficulties meeting fish feed pellets' needs. This difficulty is caused by the increase in the price of fish feed pellets; both groups of fish cultivators have very little knowledge of making fish feed pellets. The purpose of this community service activity is to empower the Gelondoro farmer group to produce fish feed pellets independently to meet their needs without depending on factory feed. The method used in this community service activity is to provide socialization regarding the formulation of fish feed pellets with high protein. The second is to provide a fish feed pellet machine with two functions: mixing and printing in one tool. The third demonstrates the manufacture of fish feed pellets. The result of this community service activity is that Gelondoro fish cultivators have known the formulation of a mixture of making fish pellets as well as practicing how to make fish feed pellets using a two-function fish pellet printing machine.

A REVIEW ON COMPARISON OF DIFFERENT TECHNIQUES USED TO ENHANCE DISSOLUTION OF VALSARTAN AND TELMISARTAN ORAL SOLID DOSAGE FORM

Telmisartan and Valsartan are strong angiotensin-II type 1 receptor inhibitor, applied in the care of elevated blood pressure. Telmisartan and also Valsartan comes under Class II category of BCS classification. Valsartan and Telmisartan both are highly pH dependent and poor soluble drug which result in improper absorption and low bioavailability (43% and 23% respectively). In order to control the poor solubility as well as bioavailability of both Telmisartan and Valsartan, different formulation techniques are compared on the basis of dissolution. In this review article, solid dispersion by kneading method, pelletization by pan coating, modified microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) pellets and solid self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) formulation techniques are discussed for Telmisartan. Whereas, in case of Valsartan, liquisolid compact technique, fast disintegrating tablets (FDT), and formulation optimized by 23 factorial designs are evaluated. To sum up, the analogy of Telmisartan formulations demonstrates that solid dispersion (TS5) and fast dissolving pellet formulation (TP3), both the techniques showed better drug release profile than MCC pellet and SMEDDS techniques. However, when it comes to dissolution rate, fast dissolving pellet formulation reflects notably best results among all. Furthermore, Valsartan formulation techniques evaluation leads us to conclude that liquisolid method showed good release profile as compare to conventional products but the method incorporates some complex requirements of load factor calculation and saturation solubility studies. In addition to that, Valsartan formulation optimized by factorial design as well as fast dissolving tablet (FDT) formulation signifies more conventional approach as well as good drug release profile.

Different trends for preparation of budesonide pellets with enhanced dissolution rate

The current research attempts different approaches to overcome the poor dissolution of budesonide (a poorly water-soluble drug) from pellet formulations. Various methods such as liqui-pellet (LP) and pellets made of solid dispersion (SDP) were employed and compared to conventional pellets (CP). In SDP method, budesonide:PVP solid dispersion was prepared followed by extrusion-pelletization. Solid dispersion of budesonide-PVP was also layered to the surface of placebo pellets (LSDP). In LP technique, budesonide dispersed in PEG 400 was mixed with Avicel or Avicel:lactose and was extruded-spheronized. Pellets were evaluated for their shape, size, mechanical properties and dissolution rate. The pellets made by LSDP method were significantly harder than CP or PSDP. LP with a loading factor greater than 0.34 was very soft compared to CP and SDP. Pelletization of budesonide SD (PSDP) did not have a tremendous effect on the dissolution enhancement of budesonide compared to CP whilst LSDP showed faster drug release. In conclusion, the layering of budesonide solid dispersion on placebo pellets (LSDP) was the most promising approach for the production of pellets with the highest dissolution rate so that more than 80% of the drug was released within the first 5 min. Also this formulation had proper mechanical properties. This method has the capability to overcome the poor dissolution of budesonide associated with the pellet containing Avicel, and could be employed for the dissolution enhancement of other poorly water-soluble drugs in pellet form.

Rational Design of Self-Emulsifying Pellet Formulation of Thymol: Technology Development Guided by Molecular-Level Structure Characterization and Ex Vivo Testing.

The growing need for processing natural lipophilic and often volatile substances such as thymol, a promising candidate for topical treatment of intestinal mucosa, led us to the utilization of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ss-NMR) spectroscopy for the rational design of enteric pellets with a thymol self-emulsifying system (SES). The SES (triacylglycerol, Labrasol®, and propylene glycol) provided a stable o/w emulsion with particle size between 1 and 7 µm. The ex vivo experiment confirmed the SES mucosal permeation and thymol delivery to enterocytes. Pellets W90 (MCC, Neusilin®US2, chitosan) were prepared using distilled water (90 g) by the M1–M3 extrusion/spheronisation methods varying in steps number and/or cumulative time. The pellets (705–740 µm) showed mostly comparable properties—zero friability, low intraparticular porosity (0–0.71%), and relatively high density (1.43–1.45%). They exhibited similar thymol release for 6 h (burst effect in 15th min ca. 60%), but its content increased (30–39.6 mg/g) with a shorter process time. The M3-W90 fluid-bed coated pellets (Eudragit®L) prevented undesirable thymol release in stomach conditions (<10% for 3 h). A detailed, ss-NMR investigation revealed structural differences across samples prepared by M1–M3 methods concerning system stability and internal interactions. The suggested formulation and methodology are promising for other lipophilic volatiles in treating intestinal diseases.

A recent solidification approach for nanosuspension: formulation, optimisation and evaluation of canagliflozin immediate release pellets.

Abstract.

Development and Evaluation of Novel Multi-unit Pellet System Formulation of Metoprolol Succinate for Extended Release

Metaprolol succinate is a highly water-soluble drug with extensive first-pass metabolism. It needs to be administered about 3-4 times a day for optimum therapeutic effect. Conventional extended-release formulations are available but have their own disadvantages. The study was to designed formulate and evaluate the prolonged-release compressed multiple-unit pellet system of Metoprolol succinate. MUPS are novel formulations with benefits of both single and multi unit dosage forms and can provide extended drug delivery release profile and increase the efficiency profile of the drug. Metaprolol succinate pellets were prepared, coated with a different polymer, and compressed into tablets with suitable excipients. The tablet MUPS disintegrates after ingestion into extended-release pellets. MUPS formulations prepared with polymers like ECN50, Surelease, Kollicoat. Pellets formulation with Kollicoat coating (7.5%) was found to be the best formulation. MUPS prepared using this formulation of pellets and lubritab were found to be most promising formulation with acceptable limits of all physicochemical properties, dissolution profile and stability. Thus from the results, it can concluded that multiple-unit pellet systems (MUPS) can be ideal formulations for drugs like Metaprolol succinate.

The Formulation and Evaluation of High-Fat Pellet on Lipid Profiles and Body Mass Index of Male Wistar Rats

This study aimed to explore the manufacture of high-fat pellets for obesity induction diets in male Wistar rats and determined its effect on lipid profiles and body mass index. It was an experimental laboratory method with a post-test randomized control group. Formulation of high-fat pellets (HFD) and physico-chemical characteristics of pellets were conducted in September 2019. This study used about 28 male Wistar white rats, two months old, and 150-200 g body weight. Rats were acclimatized for seven days, then divided into four groups: 7 rats were given a standard feed of Confeed PARS CP594 (P0), and three groups (P1, P2, P3) were given high-fat feed (HFD FII) 30 g/head/day. The result showed that the mean fat content of Formula II pellets (HFD FII) was higher (25.44% ± 0.16) than Formula I pellet (HFD FI) (22.55% ± 0.16) and standard feed (3%). The mean of body weight and BMI of obesity induction rat groups (P1, P2, P3) were significantly higher than the standard rat group (P0) (p &lt;0.05). The results of the post-hoc LSD test between groups P1, P2, and P3 showed no difference in mean body weight and BMI (p&gt; 0.05). Feed consumption in the rat fed with HFD FII pellets was higher than the standard group (P0). It means that rats preferred the HFD FII pellets. The lipid profile of the obesity induction group showed higher total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL, while the HDL levels were significantly lower than the standard feed group (P0). LSD post-hoc test results between P1, P2, and P3 showed no difference in the mean lipid profile (p&gt; 0.05). Giving HFD FII pellets, a source of fat from butter, full cream milk powder, and eggs of purebred chickens for eight weeks could make male Wistar rats obese and dyslipidemia

Efficacy and Fate of Fluridone Applications for Control of Invasive Submersed Aquatic Vegetation in the Estuarine Environment of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta

Estuaries are ecologically and economically important ecosystems but are threatened by non-native invasive species, including many species of submersed aquatic vegetation (SAV). Herbicides are the primary tool used to control SAV, but most field evaluations of herbicides have been conducted in lentic systems. Therefore, managers working in estuaries must base their SAV control programs largely on findings from systems fundamentally different from their own. We conducted a study in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta to determine efficacy of the widely used herbicide fluridone in an estuarine ecosystem. The primary goal of SAV removal was restoration of open water habitat for endangered Hypomesus transpacificus (Delta Smelt). Over 18 months and multiple sets of multi-week fluridone applications, we monitored concentrations of fluridone and responses by SAV across pairs of treated and reference sites. Fluridone concentrations in the water were generally below the 2–5 parts per billion required for SAV control. Monitoring demonstrated that these low water concentrations were likely due to dissipation by tides, despite use of pelleted fluridone formulations marketed for flowing water environments. Fluridone did, however, accumulate in sediment at concentrations hundreds of times higher than those measured in the water. Nonetheless, we did not observe lasting reductions in SAV abundance or changes in SAV community composition. By demonstrating lack of efficacy of one of the few herbicides permitted for use in this estuary, this study highlights the need for development of SAV management tools tailored to the challenges of hydrologically complex environments like estuaries.

Whey as a sustainable binder for the production of extruded activated carbon

Whey, the main by-product of the dairy industry, is proposed as a sustainable binder for the production of extruded activated carbon. Coconut shell char was mixed with controlled quantities of either rehydrated whey powders or partially dehydrated liquid whey. After extrusion, extrudates were dried, and carbonised or activated under N2 or CO2 atmosphere, respectively. A comprehensive study of the effect of different parameters including binder proportion, coconut shell char particle size and carbonisation temperature was carried out. The composition of whey prompted Maillard reactions boosted with temperature that conferred a resin-like behaviour to the binder. Quality parameters of the resulting extrudates were their ball-mill hardness, real and bulk densities. All whey-bound pellets retained their original shape after the high temperature treatment. The hardness of those whey extrudates was particularly remarkable considering the biomass origin of this binder. The carbonisation temperature had little effect in the hardness or densities of the carbon pellets. The best pellet formulation comprised the use of coconut shell char powders with particle sizes < 212 µm, in mixtures having a 7/3 char/dry whey mass ratio. The properties of the pellets obtained after the activation of such pellets were comparable to those of commercial activated carbon extrudates. The use of partially dehydrated liquid whey rather than re-hydrated dry whey rendered very similar results. The alkalinity of the binder made the resulting activated carbons adequate for H2S removal at room temperature. An economic estimation of the process placed whey in a practical position within the binder market.

The Value of Bead Coating in the Manufacturing of Amorphous Solid Dispersions: A Comparative Evaluation with Spray Drying.

Despite the fact that an amorphous solid dispersion (ASD)-coated pellet formulation offers potential advantages regarding the minimization of physical stability issues, there is still a lack of in-depth understanding of the bead coating process and its value in relation to spray drying. Therefore, bead coating and spray drying were both evaluated for their ability to manufacture high drug-loaded ASDs and for their ability to generate physically stable formulations. For this purpose, naproxen (NAP)–poly(vinyl-pyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVP-VA) was selected as an interacting drug–polymer model system, whilst naproxen methyl ester (NAPME)–PVP-VA served as a non-interacting model system. The solvent employed in this study was methanol (MeOH). First, a crystallization tendency study revealed the rapid crystallization behavior of both model drugs. In the next step, ASDs were manufactured with bead coating as well as with spray drying and for each technique the highest possible drug load that still results in an amorphous system was defined via a drug loading screening approach. Bead coating showed greater ability to manufacture high drug-loaded ASDs as compared to spray drying, with a rather small difference for the interacting drug–polymer model system studied but with a remarkable difference for the non-interacting system. In addition, the importance of drug–polymer interactions in achieving high drug loadings is demonstrated. Finally, ASDs coated onto pellets were found to be more physically stable in comparison to the spray dried formulations, strengthening the value of bead coating for ASD manufacturing purposes.

Formulation and Evaluation of Captopril Sustained Release Pellet Containing Tablet by Fluidized Bed Processing

A novel compression of coated pellets formulation of captopril was developed in order to improve the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy considering the half-life of drug. The sustained release pellets containing tablet were prepared by using 32 factorial design by employing 2 polymers i.e., HPMC k4M and eudragit RS 30D at 3 levels. As captopril having short half-life (2 hrs) there is need to formulate the modified release formulation. sustained release pellets containing tablet is the best approach to reduce the dose frequency of captopril tablet, by using the single polymer (eudragit RS 30D). The release retardant layer over a drug loaded pellets was achieved by 3% eudragit RS 30D polymer solution by using fluidized bed processor and then the pellets were mixed with other excipients and compress into the tablets and it showed the good sustained release pattern.

Revealing hidden molecular nanostructure details in the pellet formulation of ibuprofen by combining Synchrotron and laboratory sources

Previous studies could report about different behavior of dried pellets at the 50°C due to the lack of constant rate period of drying. Now, one step further, the synchrotron (i.e. FT-IR, SWAXS) supported with laboratory sources (SWAXS, NMR) allowed deeper analytics reporting hidden partly molecular degradation invents from the frequently used drug ibuprofen in 4-isobutylacetophenone, and that molecule is no longer a drug but a toxic one. In the medication matrix CaSt was no degradation detected but the structural undulation seen with SAXS was also confirmed by FT-IR. However, we also show that a medical molecular degradation in their solid formulation could be detected and predicted not only by chemical analytics but also correlated and identified by a physical method based on X-Ray inner surface calculation. Such molecular degradation from active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) that occurs in the process of drug preparation in solid formulation can automatically be correlated with drug-dissolution. Thus, the Nano-analytical parameters based on the Small Angle X-Ray scattering (SAXS) signals of different electron densities in the material, identify the specific surface area, which could be seen even in closed pores and can be correlated with drug molecular degradation. As an example, is taken a very well-defined pellet solid ibuprofen calcium-stearate formulation. Using a synchrotron and a laboratory multi-technical package, we could reveal hidden nanostructures and molecular information, which have not been detected in previous studies. The Small and Wide X-Ray Scattering (SWAXS) spectra of pellets show that process variables do not affect the crystalline state of components but slight changes in the crystal lattice undulations (i.e., SAXS). Additionally, using the high-resolution NMR, Raman and Synchrotron-beam line FT-IR method, we can identify the molecular partial degradation of the Active Pharmaceutics Ingredient (API) in 4-isobutylacetophenone only at 50 °C in terms of the drying and preparation-condition. Such molecular degradation could not be detected in previous study due to the lack of high-resolution analytical laboratories and synchrotron tools that we were able to apply in this paper. For this sample also SAXS specific surface area display higher values and can be correlated as an indication and prediction for the molecular degradation but also dissolution due to increase of electron density contrasts.In general, such analyzes are helpful for the detection in time before the product comes on the market. Thus, we propose the idea of additional high-resolution multi-techniques i.e. Synchrotrons and new methods to become more common for revealing hidden medical molecular degradations, which can induce non-therapeutically but side effects.

Formulation and characterization of self microemulsifying sustained release pellets for breast cancer

Formulation and characterization of self microemulsifying sustained release pellets for breast cancer