Formula Weight Research Articles

A task scheduling strategy based on weighted round robin for distributed crawler

SummaryWith the rapid development of the network, stand‐alone crawlers are finding hard to find and gather information. Distributed crawlers are gradually accepted to solve this problem. This paper proposes a task scheduling strategy based on weighted round robin for small‐scale distributed crawler with formula weights for the current node based on crawling efficiency, implements a distributed crawler system with multithreading support and deduplication which takes the algorithm as core, and discusses some possible extensions and details. The design of the error recovery mechanism and the node table allows crawling nodes have flexible scalability and fault tolerance. Finally, we conducted some experiments to prove the good load balancing performance of the system. Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 2015.© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Oxygen Nonstoichiometry and Electrochemical Properties of LaNiO3-δ

1. Introduction The oxygen reduction process on cathode is large source of resistance in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC). To minimize the resistance on cathode, exploring new materials that exhibit fast oxygen reduction process is necessary. LaNiO3-δ is one of the candidates for cathode of SOFC. The Ni in B site of perovskite-type structure form octahedron with the oxygen and control the electronic conduction mechanism. Several works mention that LaNiO3-δ has high performance on the electrical conductivity [1]. However, it suffers from the degradation above 1123 K in air due to the chemical instability. The Ni in the perovskite-type structure is unstable since Ni tends to become Ni2+ instead of Ni3+ [1,2]. Many workers studied the La2NiO4-±for cathode SOFC due to its stability and shows good performance on electrochemical properties. In our study, the stability of LaNiO3-δ was examined with assumption the LaNiO3-δ may be stable in the range of intermediate temperature. In this study, the LaNiO3-δ were examined its stability as function of temperature (773 – 1073 K) by thermogravimetry and coloumetric tritration. Moreover, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement was also performed to see the electrochemical properties of LaNiO3-δ. 2. Experimental LaNiO3-δ was synthesized by the Pechini method and sintered at 1073 K for 6 hours. The single phase of the sample was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. For coulometric titration, the powder of LaNiO3-δwas pressed into a pellet and sintered at 1073 K for 6 hours. An yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) tube was used as an electrolyte. The sample powder of 0.5 gram were lumped into the inside of the tube and mechanically crushed and pressed in order to get contact with YSZ. The platinum paste was painted on the outside of the YSZ tube. The measurement was taken by “two-step-forward and one-step-back" to check the reproducibility on the coulometric titration. The oxygen nonstoichiometry was determined by the electric charge which passed through into the cell as described by the equation: Δδ = (C/F)(Ms /ws ) where C, F, Ms , and ws is the total amount of electric charge, Faraday constant, the formula weight of the sample and the weight of the sample, respectively. The oxygen coulometric titration was carried out at different temperatures (773 – 1073 K). Porous LaNiO3-δ was painted into the both sides of Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95 (GDC) electrolyte. Pt electrodes were used as a reference electrode. Electrochemical properties of the porous LaNiO3-δ electrode were investigated by using impedance spectroscopy in a single chamber cell as functions of temperature (773 – 1073 K) and oxygen partial pressure (10-3-1 bar). In the analyses of the impedance responses, tentative equivalent circuits of R-C elements (a resistance, and a capacitance) were used to identify their physical meanings. 3. Results and Discussion The relative oxygen nonstoichiometry of LaNiO3-δ is shown in the Fig. 1(a). The relative oxygen nonstoichiometry increases with increasing temperature and reducing oxygen partial pressure. The step increase was clearly observed around 10-4 bar at 1073 K, which indicates decomposition due to Ni3+ reduction into Ni2+. The EIS results on LaNiO3-δ porous electrode showed polarization on the low frequency arc. The low frequency arc was assumed to associate with the oxygen reduction process at the electrode. As shown in Fig. 1(b), the area specific conductivity (ASC) of the LaNiO3-δ as a function of temperature and oxygen partial pressure. In our previous works on Ni based electrode (La(Ni,Fe)O3 and La(Ni,Co)O3), the LaNiO3-δ shows better performance on ASC. Even though, the measurement successfully achieved, but the secondary phase may appear during the measurement of oxygen nonstoichiometry and electrochemical properties. The LaNiO3-δ electrode suffers from the degradation around 1073 K and shows poor reproducibility. Therefore, the phase stability window of LaNiO3-δ needs to be determined. The measurement by high temperature X-ray diffraction is important to determine the phase relationship of the LaNiO3-δ. Reference [1] D. O. Bannikov et al., J. Solid State Chemistry, 179(2006) 2723. [2] R. M. Garcia et al., App. Catalyst B :Environmental, 33 (2001) 49. Figure 1

A Novel Infant Nutrition System Precisely Delivers Hygienic Reconstituted Formula

Powdered infant formula is conventionally supplied in multi‐serve packaging and reconstituted following multiple manual preparation steps. An advanced infant nutrition system, combining a dedicated dispenser with single‐serve capsules of powdered formula, was designed to precisely deliver hygienic reconstituted formula in < 1 min. To test the performance (technical reliability and quality of reconstituted formula), a field study was conducted at three hospitals in Switzerland with a prototype system, where hospital staff used the system (n = 4) to reconstitute formula when needed by infants. Only 22 (0.9%) of the 2445 bottles prepared over the 4‐mo period encountered preparation difficulties. After reconstitution, 93% of the 2445 capsules showed no solid residue, and 5% had only a few small lumps, suggesting good solubility. Additional preparations were conducted in hospitals to assess the dilution precision and microbiological quality of reconstitutes. The target for reconstituted formula weight (±3g) was met by 89% of the 252 bottles tested, suggesting good technical precision of formula dilution. 100% of the reconstituted formula tested negative for Enterobacteriaceae (n=281) and Salmonella (n=262), and Aerobic Mesophilic Count was <100 cfu/ml in 83% and <1000 cfu/ml in 98% of 276 bottles, which met CODEX good quality specification after reconstitution. Interviews with hospital staff (n=74) revealed that the system was preferred over conventional formula preparation partially due to its ease of use. In sum, these data indicate that the new infant nutrition system ensures a hygienic, safe, precise and convenient preparation for each feeding.Funded by Nestec S.A.

Characterization of Brønsted acid-base complexes by ¹⁹F DOSY.

A (19)F DOSY protocol for the determination of formula weights for acid-base complexes in solution has been developed. (19)F internal standards were chosen and were used to evaluate the formula weights of complexes in solution using simple diffusion coefficient (D)-formula weight (FW) analysis. This method has potential applications in characterization of reactive intermediates in catalytic asymmetric reactions.

Synthesis, characterisation, spectral, thermal, XRD, molecular modelling and potential antibacterial study of metal complexes containing octadentate azodye ligands

Twelve tetrametallic complexes of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) with two new octadentate azodye ligands, 4,4′-bis(2′,4′-dihydroxy-5′carboxyphenylazo) diphenylether (LH6) and 4,4′-bis(2′,4′-dihydroxy-5′-acylphenylazo) diphenylether (L′H4) have been synthesised. The structural elucidation of the complexes was made basing upon analytical, conductance, magnetic susceptibility, IR, electronic spectra, ESR, NMR, ESI-MS, TG, DTG, DTA and X-ray diffraction (powder pattern) data. The cobalt (II) and nickel (II) complexes are found to be octahedral, copper (II) complexes are distorted octahedral and a tetrahedral stereochemistry has been suggested to zinc (II), cadmium (II) and mercury (II) complexes. The thermal analysis data provided the kinetic parameters as order of decomposition reaction, activation energy and frequency factor. The geometry of the ligands and their Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were optimised and their physicochemical properties were calculated by using molecular modelling procedure. The ESI-MS determination supports the molecular formula and molecular weight of the ligands and the complexes. The Ni(II) complex is found to have a triclinic crystal system. The potential antibacterial study of the two ligands and eight metal complexes was made by cup-plate method against one gram positive and one gram negative bacteria. The results showed increase in the activity of some metal complexes as compare with azodye ligands.

Removal of Toxic Metal Ions from Water Using Chelating Terpolymer Resin as a Function of Different Concentration Time and pH

Terpolymer resin 4-ASAUF was synthesized by the condensation of 4-aminosalicylic acid (4-ASA) and urea (U) with formaldehyde (F) in the presence of 2 N hydrochloric acid. The structure of the resin was characterized by various spectral techniques like infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C-NMR) spectroscopy. The empirical formula and empirical weight of the resin were determined by elemental analysis. The physiochemical properties of terpolymer resin were determined. The morphological feature of the 4-ASAUF terpolymer resin was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The chelating ion-exchange property of this copolymer was studied for eight metal ions, namely, Fe3+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Hg2+, Zn2+, Cd2+, and Pb2+ ions by using batch equilibrium method. The chelating ion-exchange study was carried out over a wide pH range at different time intervals using different electrolyte of various ionic strengths.

Lessons for International Tax Reform from the U.S. State Experience Under Formulary Apportionment

This work undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the U.S. state experience under formulary apportionment of corporate income. While formulary apportionment eliminates the possibility of shifting income across states through accounting strategies that manipulate where income is booked, it may heighten the tax responsiveness of formula factors. The present analysis uses the substantial variation in corporate tax policy decisions of U.S. states over the period 1986 to 2012 to better understand the consequences of formulary apportionment. It examines the effects of policy choices regarding tax rates, formula weights, and other parameters on economic activity, estimating the tax sensitivity of employment, investment, and sales. With the inclusion of adequate control variables, results indicate that economic activity is not particularly sensitive to U.S. state corporate tax policy choices, especially in recent years. Still, tax policy choices have important effects on corporate tax revenues. These results suggest important lessons regarding possible international adoption of formulary apportionment.

CORKSCREW 2013 CORK study of children's realistic estimation of weight

BackgroundIn a resuscitation situation involving a child (age 1–15 years) it is crucial to obtain a weight as most interventions and management depend on it. The APLS formula, ‘2×(age+4)’, is...

Metal sericin complexation and ultrafiltration of heavy metals from aqueous solution

Abstract This work exclusively confers theoretical insight into ultrafiltration of heavy metal ions (Pb 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ ) from aqueous solution using sericin biopolymer. Sericin is a water soluble bio-macromolecule and has potential to show chemical interaction with metal ions due to protein units containing several amino acids. The functional groups of sericin such as amine (NH 2 ), disulfide linkage ( S S ) and carboxylic acid ( COOH) assign it role of poly dentate ligand (PDL). Provision of negatively charged surface with lone pair of electrons facilitates metal-sericin complexation owing to d-electron deficient metal ions. Sericin-chelated metal ions are retained by pores of membrane when the aqueous solution is subjected to pass through membrane on account of their enhanced size. Metal trapping efficiency of sericin was measured by determining rejection percentage ( R %) and permeate flux ( J ) at three different trans-membrane pressures (TMP) during ultrafiltration study. More importantly, effect of anions was evaluated by comparing two different salts of same metal ion. High formula weight and greater solubility of salts leave significant impact on R % and J . Greater contact time between metals and sericin enhanced R % followed by reciprocal trend of J in batch experiment. In addition, basic pH helps to increase R % values of metal ions in sericin supported ultrafiltration study.

Drug Analogs of COX-2 Selective Inhibitors Lumiracoxib and Valdecoxib Derived from in silico Search and Optimization

The medicinal activity of COX-2 inhibitors are sufficiently beneficial to urge the search for new drug designs. This study presents 16 analogs of lumiracoxib and 10 analogs to valdecoxib having properties suitable as COX-2 inhibitors. For lumiracoxib analogs the mean Log P, polar surface area, and formula weight are 3.00, 70.46 A(2), and 276.60, respectively. For valdecoxib analogs the mean Log P, polar surface area, and formula weight are 3.65, 68.46 A(2), and 322.32, respectively. Grubb's test analysis of seven properties for seven known COX-2 selective inhibitors and those of 26 analog compounds indicated no outliers. The unpaired t-test compared Log P and polar surface area of seven known COX-2 inhibitors to all 26 analogs and found no difference. All 26 analogs showed no violation of the Rule of 5, this being an indicator of favorable bioavailability. Hierarchical cluster analysis by single linkage indicated lumiracoxib is most similar to analogs 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, and 17. Valdecoxib has highest similarity to analogs 8, 19, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, and 28. Multiple regression analysis successfully produced equations for prediction of similar compounds to lumiracoxib and valdecoxib. Path analysis indicated that number of atoms, oxygen & nitrogen atoms, and Log P are the greatest determinants for formula weight for known COX-2 inhibitors. Criteria for molecular properties is established for identifying COX-2 inhibitors. These 26 analogs show much potential for active COX-2 inhibition.

Fisher Consistent Cost Sensitive Boosting Algorithm

AdaBoost is a meta ensemble learning algorithm. The most important theoretical property behind it is "Boosting", which also plays an important role in cost sensitive learning. However, available cost sensitive Boosting algorithms, such as AdaCost, AdaC1, AdaC2, AdaC3, CSB0, CSB1 and CSB2, are just heuristic. They add cost parameters into voting weight calculation formula or sample weights updating strategy of AdaBoost, so that the algorithms are forced to focus on samples with higher misclassification costs. However, these heuristic modifications have no theoretical foundations. The worst thing is that they break the most important theoretical property of AdaBoost, namely "Boosting". Compared to AdaBoost which converges to optimal Bayes decision rule, those cost sensitive algorithms do not converge to cost sensitive decision rule. This paper studies the problem of designing cost sensitive Boosting algorithms strictly under Boosting theory. First, two new loss functions are constructed by making exponential loss and logit loss cost sensitive. It can be proved ∗ 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(61072109, 61272280, 41271447, 61272195); 新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-12-0919); 西安市 科技局项目(CXY1341(6)); 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(K5051203020, K5051203001, K5051303016, K5051303018, K505131 00006)

Lessons for International Tax Reform from the US State Experience Under Formulary Apportionment

This work undertakes a comprehensive analysis of the US state experience under formulary apportionment of corporate income. While formulary apportionment eliminates the possibility of shifting income across states through accounting strategies that manipulate where income is booked, it may heighten the tax responsiveness of formula factors. The present analysis uses the substantial variation in corporate tax policy decisions of US states over the period 1986 to 2012 to understand the consequences of formulary apportionment better. It examines the effects of policy choices regarding tax rates, formula weights, and other parameters on economic activity, estimating the tax sensitivity of employment, investment, and sales. With the inclusion of adequate control variables, results indicate that economic activity has not been particularly sensitive to US state corporate tax policy choices, especially in recent years. Still, tax policy choices have important effects on corporate tax revenues. These results suggest important lessons regarding possible international adoption of formulary apportionment.

Cardiothoracic ratio and body mass index in normal young adult Nigerians

Background: Interest is growing in the value of the cardiothoracic ratio in clinical evaluation of patients, and the factors that influence its relevance. This study attempts to explore the normal values of the cardiothoracic ratio and asses its relation to the body mass index (BMI), height weight and age, of normal young Nigerians in a highland plateau area of Nigeria. Methodology: In this prospective study, a total of 100, standard posterior-anterior chest radiographs taken from normal adult Nigerians (41 females and 59 males) in Jos environment were reviewed. From the Chest radiographs, the cardiac diameters (CDs) were measured at the widest point of the cardiac silhouette. The thoracic diameter (TD) was taken at the costophrenic insertion of the diaphragm. Using these data the cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) was computed. Body index was calculated based on the formula Weight (Kg)/Height 2 (m 2 (Kgm -²) while CTR was determined by dividing the CD by the TD. Degree of correlation was assessed for all the parameters and analysis was made for regression and correlation coefficients using SPSS statistical package. Results: The age range of all subjects was from 17 years to 44 years with a mean age of 24.93 ± 7.42 years. The mean age for the males was 25.59 ± 7.04 years and for the females 23.98 ± 7.92 years. The average cardiothoracic ratio in males was 0.46 ± 0.04 while in females it was 0.457 ± 0.042 showing a slightly higher but not significant CTR in males at the P = 0.05 significance level. The mean BMI for males and females were 26.94 ± 3.97 (Kgm -²) and 28.94 ± 5.26 (Kgm -²) respectively. The averageCD, TD, for males and females were 1.7 ± 0.039 m, 12.86 ± 1.22 cm, 27.88 ± 1.82 cm, and 1.5 ± 0.057 cm, 11.7 ± 1.19 cm, 25.65 ± 1.85, respectively. Conclusion: The CTR did not correlate strongly with the BMI.

Mechlorethamine based Drug Structures for Intervention of Central Nervous System Tumors

Tumors of the central nervous system are the third most common type of childhood cancers. Brain tumors occur in children and adults; however pediatric patients require a different treatment process. Thirteen drugs similar to mechlorethamine are analyzed in this study. These drugs possess molecular properties enabling substantial and successful access to tumors of the central nervous system. All drugs exhibit zero violations of the Rule of 5, which indicate favorable bioavailability. Ranges in Log P, formula weight, and polar surface area for these drugs are: 1.554 to 3.52, 156.06 to 460.45, and 3.238 Angstroms(2) to 45.471 Angstroms(2), respectively. Hierarchical cluster analysis determined that agents 7 and 12 are most similar to the parent compound mechlorethamine. The mean values of Log P, formula weight, polar surface area, and molecular volume are 2.25, 268.51, 16.57 Angstroms(2), and 227.01 Angstroms(3), respectively. Principal component analysis indicates that agents 7 and 12 are most similar to mechlorethamine and multiple regression analysis of molecular properties produced a model to enable the design of similar alkylating agents. Values of Log (Cbrain/Cblood) indicate these agents will have very high permeation into the central nervous system.

Characterization of Cyclopentyllithium and Cyclopentyllithium Tetrahydrofuran Complex

The solid-state structures of unsolvated, hexameric cyclopentyllithium and tetrameric cyclopentyllithium tetrahydrofuran solvate were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Cyclopentyllithium easily crystallized in hydrocarbon solvents. Solution-state structural analyses of cyclopentyllithium and cyclopentyllithium-tetrahydrofuran complexes in toluene-d8 were also carried out by diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy with diffusion coefficient-formula weight correlation analyses and other one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. The solution-state studies suggest that unsolvated cyclopentyllithium exists as hexamer and tetramer equilibrating with each other. Upon solvation with tetrahydrofuran, cyclopentyllithium exists mostly as a tetrahydrofuran tetrasolvated tetramer.

Lomustine Analogous Drug Structures for Intervention of Brain and Spinal Cord Tumors: The Benefit of In Silico Substructure Search and Analysis

Lomustine is a nitrosourea anticancer agent shown to be effective for treatment of childhood medulloblastoma. In silico substructure searches produced 17 novel nitrosourea agents analogous to lumustine and retaining activity for DNA alkylation and cytotoxic activity. The mean values for Log P, polar surface area, formula weight, number of oxygens & nitrogens, and rotatable bonds were 2.524, 62.89 Anstroms2, 232.8, 5, and 2, respectively. All 17 agents have formula weight less than 450 and Log P less than 5, two criteria preferred for blood-brain barrier penetration. These agents have a polar surface area less than 90 Angstroms2. Each show zero violations of the Rule of five indicating favorable drug likeness and oral drug activity. Hierarchical cluster analysis indicated that 16 of the novel agents were highly similar to lomustine, save for agent 12 which bears a hydroxylated branched carbon substituent. A total of 17 novel anticancer agents were elucidated having molecular properties very effective for penetrating through the BBB and into the central nervous system. This study shows the effectiveness of in silico search and recognition of anticancer agents that are suitable for the clinical treatment of brain tumors.

The Vasoactive-Inotropic Score and Levosimendan: Time for LVIS?

Three recent randomized controlled trials1Momeni M. Rubay J. Matta A. et al.Levosimendan in congenital cardiac surgery: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial.J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2011; 25: 419-424Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (63) Google Scholar, 2Ricci Z. Garisto C. Favia. I et al.Levosimendan infusion in newborns after corrective surgery for congenital heart disease: Randomized controlled trial.Intensive Care Med. 2012; 38: 1198-1204Crossref PubMed Scopus (43) Google Scholar, 3Lechner E. Hofer A. Leitner-Peneder G. et al.Levosimendan versus milrinone in neonates and infants after corrective open-heart surgery: A pilot study.Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2012; ([Epub ahead of print])PubMed Google Scholar evaluated the safety and efficacy of levosimendan in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery. All these papers concluded that levosimendan was safe and contributed to improvement of cardiac function and inotropic support optimization. From these initial experiences following levosimendan use in adult critically ill patients, indications for this drug in the pediatric setting is expected to increase. Recently, Davidson et al4Davidson J. Tong S. Hancock H. et al.Prospective validation of the vasoactive-inotropic score and correlation to short-term outcomes in neonates and infants after cardiothoracic surgery.Intensive Care Med. 2012; 38: 1184-1190Crossref PubMed Scopus (123) Google Scholar prospectively compared the vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) and inotrope score in infants after cardiovascular surgery, as mathematical measures for evaluating vasoactive drug administration, and, consequently, the hemodynamic condition of patients. At all assessed time points, VIS was shown to be more predictive of poor short-term outcome than inotrope score. Interestingly, the authors observed that from a clinical perspective, a high VIS at 48 hours postoperatively achieved the best performance as a predictor for poor outcome. VIS is calculated as dopamine dose (mcg/kg/min)+dobutamine dose (mcg/kg/min)+100×epinephrine dose (mcg/kg/min)+10×milrinone dose (mcg/kg/min)+10,000×vasopressin dose (U/kg/min)+100×norepinephrine dose (mcg/kg/min). We noticed that levosimendan is not currently included in the VIS calculation. In our opinion, the time has come for a modified version of VIS also including levosimendan input in the formula (levosimendan VIS [LVIS]). It should be mentioned that the hypothetical application of levosimendan to the VIS formula should be prolonged for a week (3 or 4 days after the drug infusion has been stopped, due to its prolonged metabolite activity). We propose to include levosimendan with a factor of 50 (to achieve a contribution to VIS similar to milrinone); milrinone 0.5 to 1 mcg/kg/min has a VIS weight from 5 to 10. Similarly, a levosimendan dose of 0.1 to 0.2 mcg/kg/min would achieve a LVIS formula weight of 5 to 10. We tried to apply this concept to a recent study from our group2Ricci Z. Garisto C. Favia. I et al.Levosimendan infusion in newborns after corrective surgery for congenital heart disease: Randomized controlled trial.Intensive Care Med. 2012; 38: 1198-1204Crossref PubMed Scopus (43) Google Scholar and found that the significant VIS differences between the levosimendan group and controls would change dramatically; significant LVIS differences are not present between the 2 groups (Fig 1A and B). We suggest authors and reviewers take into account the following LVIS in future pediatric papers dealing with levosimendan: LVIS = dopamine dose (mcg/kg/min)+dobutamine dose (mcg/kg/min)+100×epinephrine dose (mcg/kg/min)+10×milrinone dose (mcg/kg/min)+10,000×vasopressin dose (U/kg/min)+100×norepinephrine dose (mcg/kg/min)+50×levosimendan dose (mcg/kg/min).

Nutritional status in pregnant women attending Kiru General Hospital in Kano state, Nigeria

The present study determined body weight and height (Body Mass Index-BMI) was calculated according to the formula weight (kg)/height2 (m), Blood Pressure (BP), Hemoglobin (Hb), Fasting Blood Glucose (FBS) and Total Cholesterol (TC) in pregnant women (PW) in the three trimestersand in non-pregnant women (NPW). Sixty apparently healthy pregnant women and twenty non pregnant non lactating women (age range 17-34 years) participated in the study. The results showed significant difference in BMI of the pregnant women (1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters) and thecontrol group (p<0.05). There was an increase in BP levels in the pregnant women when compared to the non pregnant women. The results also showed that the levels of Hb decreased significantly (p<0.05) as the pregnancy progressed through the three trimesters. However the results indicated that there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in the FBS and TC levels between the non pregnant women and pregnant women through the trimesters.Keywords: Pregnant women, non pregnant women, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure,hemoglobin, serum fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol.

5,10,15,20-Tetrakis(4-acetyloxyphenyl)porphyrin including an unknown solvate

Mol­ecules of the title compound, C52H38N4O8, are located on an inversion center so that the asymmetric cell contains one half of the mol­ecule. The macrocycle exhibits a ruffled conformation with a maximum deviation of 0.16 Å for the 24 macrocycle atoms: the dihedral angle between adjacent five-membered rings is 5.13 (19)°. The benzene rings are rotated by 70.25 (19)° with respect to their adjacent protonated five-membered rings, and by 65.56 (19)° with respect to the unprotonated rings. The porphyrin conformation is supported by bifurcated N—H⋯(N,N) hydrogen bonds. The structure contained poorly resolved solvent mol­ecules in voids of volume 217 Å3 per unit cell. The latter were treated using the SQUEEZE routine in PLATON [Spek (2009 ▶). Acta Cryst. D65, 148–155]. As the solvent could not be identified exactly, it was not included in the calculation of the overall formula weight, density and absorption coefficient.

Correction: EuLiGe2 and YbLiGe2 – A Divalent and an Intermediate‐Valent Compound with CaLiSi2‐Type Structures

In Table 1 of the original article,1 the Z value and formula weight for EuLiGe2 are incorrect. The correct values are 4 and 304.08, respectively. This error had occurred because we chose Z = 2 instead of 4 during our refinement procedure (so automatically the formula weight doubled). Besides these corrections mentioned above, the validity of crystal structure data and physical property studies still holds. Furthermore, the structure of EuLiGe2 had already been previously reported S. Bobev et al.2 This paper was unintentionally overlooked – we deeply regret our oversight. There are, however, differences between the data reported in the two papers: the relatively small unit cell volume in our EuLiGe2 sample relative to that published2 may arise because the data collections were performed at different temperatures (room temperature and 200 K, respectively). Further, our room-temperature XANES data indicates a small peak for Eu3+, which possibly could be a reason for the smaller unit cell volume for EuLiGe2 at room temperature. However, a much more detailed temperature-dependent analysis is required to probe this interesting behavior. With respect to the magnetic data, both reports show a similar magnetic moment, but two magnetic orderings at 23 and 29 K can be observed in our data,1 which was not found in the previous report.2 Our electrical resistivity measurements also support these observations. The Authors