Form Of Restructuring Research Articles

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory adolescent- restructured form (MMPI-A-RF) characteristics of conduct disorder and comorbidity with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in an Iranian psychiatric sample

Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory adolescent- restructured form (MMPI-A-RF) characteristics of conduct disorder and comorbidity with Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in an Iranian psychiatric sample

RISK MANAGEMENT FOR COOPERATIVES OF SAVINGS AND LOANS AND SHARIA FINANCING: LESSON FROM INDONESIA

This research aims to find out and describe the risks that exist in sharia financial institutions in the form of Cooperatives of Savings and Loans and Sharia Financing (KSPPS). This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach in the form of library research, which uses secondary data from journal articles and regulations relevant to the research topic. The research results show that there are various risks that KSPPS can experience. According to Minister of Labour Decree No. 193 of 2017, risk is the potential for financial losses and worsening social performance of Cooperatives of Savings and Loans and Sharia Financing/Sharia Business Units of Savings and Loans and Sharia Financing (KSPPS/USPPS). Based on these regulations, risk consists of strategic risk, financing risk, financial risk, and operational risk. Risk management in the management of KSPPS and similar institutions is an absolute priority to pay attention to. The risk often experienced by KSPPS is financing risk. Risk management in dealing with financing consists of risk analysis steps, which can be in the form of SWOT analysis, prudential analysis, 5C analysis, and 7P analysis, as well as risk handling mechanisms, which can be in the form of persuasive efforts, rescheduling, reconditioning, restructuring, combinations, and confiscation of collateral.

Post-Pandemi Covid-19 Government Relaxation Policies And Its Implications For Sharia Bank Performance

Banking as an intermediary institution based on the Sharia Banking Act No. 21 of 2008 mandates collect and distribute funds to the public in a proportionate manner. Proportion means is that the portion that is collected and that which is distributed should be balanced, so that the expected profit maximum. In the 2020 era there was the emergence of the Covid 19 pandemic which resulted in the collection and disproportionate distribution of funds. Funding cannot be channeled optimally, because it is work more focused on improving existing financing as a result of customer defaults due to repayment capacity changes. Conditions that cannot be predicted in advance. Government with authority issued a relaxation policy in the form of restructuring through the Financial Services Authority (OJK) provide solutions that are solutive for customers and banks. Over time customer financing saved and doing well. However, nearing the end of the policy there were many related internal audit findings the quality of the policy. Many customers are policy-justified in current collectibility, but in fact collectibility Non Performance Finance (NPF), namely in the collectibility category 3.4 and 5. Under these conditions, it is certain that the bank will incur a loss due to the provision of Reserves Impairment Losses ( CKPN) formed. Cleansing data carried out on several customers shows that customers already have qualities that cannot be saved as a result of implementing policies government that does not have a time limit, so that within that unspecified period of time have a fatal impact on the quality of customers and have an impact on banking performance or the soundness level of the bank worsened.

INSTITUTIONAL ASPECT INNOVATIVE MODERNIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION

The institutional determinants of innovative modernization of agricultural production are substantiated.
 It is established that the transformational features domestic agricultural production are monoculture agricultural production, its structural deformation, increased degradation of land and water resources, growing dependence of agricultural producers on imported inputs for the production process, and a reduction in the number of rural workers and the population of rural communities.
 It is argued that transformational changes in agro-industrial production should be focused on large-scale modernization changes in the production process in terms of restoring land fertility, improving the quality characteristics of food products, expanding the existing export potential of agricultural products and the share competitive products. 
 It is established that the threats to the recovery of agricultural production are the narrowing of the domestic consumer market; reduction of the purchasing power of the population with a decrease in its number; reduction and blocking of exports of agricultural products; rising costs of material resources and rising costs of agricultural products and food prices.
 It is substantiated that institutional support for the innovative modernization of agro-industrial production should be accompanied by the formation of effective basic and special institutions and institutions that meet the criteria of systematicity when they are included in the hierarchical structure of norms and institutions of innovation.
 It is emphasized that the institutional support for innovative modernization should implement the following key tasks: ensuring a favorable investment climate for attracting financial resources to processing enterprises and the formation of local regional structures with low capacity for processing agricultural raw materials; creating conditions for the inclusion of agricultural producers in global value chains.
 Institutional interventions should be aimed at stimulating the diffusion and development of product innovations; supporting and shaping organizational structures for vertical and horizontal integration; supporting and shaping organizational frameworks for vertical and horizontal integration; and restructuring forms of state support for agricultural production.
 The strategic guidelines for the innovative modernization of agro-industrial production are defined: introduction of motives and incentives for structural changes in agricultural production, intensification of the development of small forms of management, integration of production processes, and use of competitive advantages.

Analysis of Dynamics and Restructuring of PT Pertamina (Persero)

Since its inception, PT Pertamina (Persero) has experienced many organizational dynamics or changes. ranging from changes in name and status, refining the vision, to restructuring the company. Through a qualitative approach by applying the literature review method, it is interesting to analyze, describe, and discuss further the dynamics or changes that occur in PT Pertamina (Persero), namely restructuring in 2018 to 2021 through the formation of a holding company, as well as the implications in relation to company performance. As a result, it appears that the holding-sub-holding framework as a form of restructuring is an appropriate choice taken by the Indonesian government (as a shareholder) in connection with a series of positive results (in the form of profit optimization and operational cost efficiency) that are quite significant. Because of restructuring, the organizational or operational structure of PT Pertamina (Persero), which was originally so fat and large, resulting in a slow decision-making process, has become lean. This has good implications for the company, which has become faster, more agile and concise in the decision-making process. In addition, there is clarity of authority between PT Pertamina (Persero) as a holding company and its sub-holdings.

Clinical Utility of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent Restructured Form in the Assessment of Internalizing and Externalizing Disorders in Adolescents: A Preliminary Approach.

This study investigated whether the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent Restructured Form (MMPI-ARF) can differentiate between two groups of adolescents, one diagnosed with internalizing disorders and another with externalizing disorders, and examined the clinical utility of the MMPI-A-RF by examining which subscales can significantly discriminate between these two groups. A total of 105 adolescents aged 13-18 years completed the MMPI-A-RF (53 internalizing disorder and 52 externalizing disorder groups). Independent t-test, chi-square test (χ2), and discriminant analysis were used to examine whether MMPI-A-RF can distinguish between the two groups. Sixteen MMPI-A-RF scales best predicted differences between the groups with internalizing and externalizing disorders. Fourteen scales (Higher-Order Scale [Emotional/Internalizing Dysfunction], Restructured Clinical [RC] Scale [RC demoralization, Somatic Complaints (RC1), and Low Positive Emotions (RC2)], Personality Psychopathology Five Scale [Introversion/Low Positive Emotionality- Revised, Negative Emotionality/Neuroticism-Revised], Somatic/Cognitive Scale [Malaise, Head Pain Complaints, and Gastrointestinal Complaints], Internalizing Scale [Stress/Worry, Self-Doubt], Externalizing Scale [Negative School Attitudes], Interpersonal Scale [Social Avoidance, Shyness]) were associated with the internalizing disorder group, whereas two scales (Externalizing Scale [Conduct Problems, Negative Peer Influence]) were associated with the externalizing disorder group. The MMPI-A-RF can be an efficient assessment tool for a quick diagnosis as it can classify individuals with internalizing and externalizing disorders in clinical settings that lack a variety of assessment tools for children and adolescents.

Student’s Error in Solving Change and Relationship-PISA Problem and Its Scaffolding

Change and relationship problem is considered one of the most challenging PISA problems for students. This qualitative research aims to describe students' error in solving Change and Relationship-PISA problems in terms of self efficacy and the possible scaffolding. The subjects of this study were three students who had low, medium, and high self efficacy. The instrument used was a task-based interview in the form of Change and Relationship-PISA problems. The data were analyzed according to Newman’s Error Analysis and Scaffolding by Anghileri. The results of this study show that students with low self-efficacy experienced error in transformation, proccess skills, and encoding. Students with medium self-efficacy experienced error in proccess skills and encoding. Students with high self-efficacy only met error in encoding. To overcome these error, students with low self-efficacy are given scaffolding in the form of reviewing, explaining, and restructuring. While students with medium and high self-efficacy are given scaffolding in the form of reviewing and restructuring only. Errors made by students in the problem solving process vary for each level of self efficacy, so that the way to overcome with scaffolding also needs to be adjusted.

Restructuring as a form of settlement of problematic credit debt of banking institutions

Definitions of credit debt restructuring of banking institutions provided in several legal acts are summarized. They are reduced to changing the essential conditions of the current credit agreement to soften the requirements for the borrower in connection with his financial difficulties, the need to create favorable conditions for him to fulfill his credit obligations. The objects of restructuring under the credit agreement are: interest rate; forgiveness of part of the debt; his debt repayment schedule; terms and amounts of repayment of the main part of the loan, fees, etc. Restructuring of the bank is defined as a set of measures aimed at improving the financial condition, increasing the liquidity and solvency of the bank, carried out in the form of reorganization of the bank, change of owner, management, acceptance of debt obligations by the investor, rehabilitation, merger, division, merger, absorption at the stage, that precedes the recognition of the bank as bankrupt and the NBU's decision to liquidate it. Objects of restructuring can be: bank, enterprise, borrower's debts, tax debt, debt obligations, investment project, tax debt, debt obligations for borrowing, debt for issuing bonds. Restructuring of problematic credit debt is a type of restructuring of the borrower's debts by concluding an additional agreement with the borrower, settlement agreement, financial restructuring. The latter is the most common and is a form of economic recovery of borrowers who are in critical financial condition; changes in the conditions and repayment terms of credit obligations; ensuring borrowers' access to financing to restore their economic activity. Subjects and forms of financial restructuring are systematized. The essence of financial restructuring as an out-of-court procedure through negotiations between the borrower, his related persons and involved creditors is determined. The conditions for the borrower's participation in financial restructuring have been diagnosed, and the mechanisms for its initiation and implementation have been formalized. The responsibilities of the borrower in terms of the development and implementation of the restructuring plan are described.

Growing up sustainable? Politics of race and youth in Urbanplan, Copenhagen

ABSTRACT This paper considers how racialized youth in Denmark negotiate sustainability amid contexts marked by intersecting forms of economic restructuring, progressive neoliberalism, white ethno-nationalism, and green urban planning. Urbanplan is a low-income, notoriously “troubled” Copenhagen neighborhood where we conducted fieldwork for 7 months (2019-2020) with fifteen male youth, aged 17-21. Using ethnography, policy reviews, and interviews with city social workers, we explore how intimate experiences of nature, group-identity, and place attachment here relate to and depart from the structural forces actively reshaping the neighborhood. Our analysis combines Cindi Katz's intersectional political economy approach with recent work on green gentrification, Critical Utopian Action Research, and Danish identity politics. The resulting “topography” of youth experience identifies distinctive spatialities of belonging and exclusion, and a faltering sustainability discourse that offers diminishing local returns. While youth in Urbanplan refuse to “grow up sustainable,” they await opportunities to enact more empowering forms of socio-environmental belonging.

Technical Land-Sea Spaces: Impacts of the Port Clusterization Phenomenon on Coasts, Cities and Architectures

Land-sea interactions, extending inland and towards the marine spaces, are affected by major management and design transformations. Globalization processes, port expansion projects and extensive energy transition requests have recently led port institutions to demand more land, engaging deeply with logistics platforms and radically restructuring forms of port governance. In this competitive context, the phenomenon of Port Clusterisation, i.e. the administrative aggregation whereby two or more ports are merged to form port clusters, is heavily impacting the institutional sphere. However, not only does this phenomenon have no control over cities, but its spatial component seems to be neglected by the disciplines of space, such as urbanism and architecture. As a result, port and city institutions lack design tools to tackle urgent challenges as coastal utilization, the need for resilient port-city infrastructures and the regeneration of the port-city architectural heritage. In terms of novelty and contribution to academia, an examination of the spatial footprint of port clusters will allow research to move beyond its state-of-the-art by targeting a phenomenon that, though pivotal, is under-researched, especially within the spatial disciplines.

Finansijsko restrukturiranje privrednih subjekata

Generally, by restructuring, we mean undertaking a series of measures that should contribute to the improvement of business operations of economic entities. Restructuring measures can be taken when a business entity is in fnancial difculties and when bankruptcy proceedings are threatened, but these measures are also taken when there is a need for more efcient operations. Tat is why we can distinguish restructuring outside of bankruptcy and in bankruptcy. There are diferent forms of restructuring, and attention will be paid, above all, to fnancial restructuring. We must say that fnancial and other forms of restructuring can be classifed within the framework of corporate restructuring. The paper also states the diference between restructuring and reorganization of the debtor. The author analyzes the relationship between fnancial and other forms of restructuring. The paper will briefy analyze the Law on Consensual Financial Restructuring of the Republic of Serbia, as well as the EU Directive in this area. Also, the author looks at some solutions in this area in Great Britain and USA.

Reconstructing the Debt Restructuring Mechanism in the Indonesian Law on Bankruptcy and Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations

The purpose of the Suspension of Debt Payment Obligations (SDPO) is to prevent a debtor who is in trouble for whatever reason, lacks money, or finds it difficult to obtain credit, from being declared bankrupt. The current Indonesian Bankruptcy Law lacks a debt restructuring mechanism. There need to be improvements to ensure quality, transparency of objectivity and implementation mechanisms, honesty and legal certainty. This study aims to reconstruct the debt restructuring mechanism through the SDPO in the Indonesian Bankruptcy Law to provide legal certainty and benefit for all parties. This research has an Indonesian national scope. This is normative legal research that applies the statute and comparative approaches. Results show that Law Number 37 of 2004 still does not provide a legal framework for an effective corporate reorganization or debt restructuring. This law should be a system created to prepare agreements between creditors and debtors to negotiate based on an analysis of future events. Debtors often fail to postpone their obligation to pay debts not because the debtor did not submit a reconciliation plan, but because an agreement was not reached in the reconciliation process. As Law Number 37 of 2004 does not regulate the form of debt restructuring and company reorganization (including the payment process, payment period, and interest rate reduction) to save the debtor’s company, it is still difficult for the debtor’s company to pay off its debts.

Fostering National Integration in Nigeria through Quality Education

Nigerians in recent times appear to be more disconnected from one another than ever before. This has led to various forms of agitations in the form of restructuring, devolution of powers, self-determination, resource control and even insurgency, all pointing to the fact that the country is badly in need of national integration. With analysis of various literatures; this paper argues that quality education can be the panacea to the problem of national disintegration in Nigeria. National integration presupposes a situation where the various cleavages that have held the people from national consciousness like ethnicity, tribalism, religion and culture are minimized. The findings show that such measures as introduction of NYSC, Federal character, Quota system, revenue sharing formula and others have done little to ameliorate the divides, thus impeding on a progressive development for the country. The paper posits the measure of quality education as a way out. It there submits that if quality education is attained, national integration would be achieved. Recommendations therefore include, increasing annual budget for education to at least 12 percent of GDP, improving teachers’ remuneration and government honouring its agreement with various academic unions to prevent the incessant industrial actions that have continuously plagued quality education in Nigeria.

Export capacity and capital stock augmentation through imports: Evidence from Sub‐Saharan African countries

AbstractThis paper investigates the capital goods imports of Sub‐Saharan African (SSA) countries from 2002 to 2017. The composition of capital goods imports has become less diverse over time in more than half of the countries studied. Colonial ties no longer determine the sourcing of capital goods as China is now the top source. Trade gravity regressions using the Poisson pseudo‐maximum‐likelihood estimator show that bilateral exports of non‐primary products by SSA countries and their low‐income peers are associated with increased net stock of imported general‐purpose capital goods. Additionally, there is evidence that the net stock of some types of imported equipment and machinery is associated with increased non‐primary exports of items utilising these capital goods with elasticity estimates ranging from 0.10 to 1.10. Thus, there is some form of economic restructuring in the region gleaned from increased exports of non‐primary products brought about by capital stock augmentation through imports.

Frontline Bureaucratic Attitude toward Administrative Integration: Does Organizational Configuration Matter?

The attitudes of frontline bureaucrats play a crucial role in the implementation of administrative restructuring. Administrative integration is a type of administrative reform that can fundamentally change the structure of a local administrative system and may face opposition from local public bureaucracies. Successful administrative integration requires reformers to comprehensively grasp the factors that influence frontline bureaucrats’ attitudes toward this distinctive form of administrative restructuring. This study empirically examines how organizational configurations shape bureaucratic attitudes toward administrative integration. The findings have both theoretical and practical implications for research on bureaucratic attitudes, organizational configurations, and administrative integration.

Pengaturan Pertanggungjawaban Holding Badan Usaha Milik Negara Sektor Asuransi dan Penjaminan pada Sistem Hukum Nasional di Indonesia

Holding SOE, including SOE holding in the insurance and guarantee sector, is a form of corporate restructuring to improve company performance through the consolidation of several SOE. The holding in the insurance and guarantee sector was formed based on Government Regulation Number 20 of 2020 concerning the Addition of State Equity Participation into the Share Capital of the Company PT Bahana Pembinaan Usaha Indonesia which stipulates PT Bahana Pembinaan Usaha Indonesia as the holding company. The problems in this research are how the legal arrangements for SOEs holding in the insurance and guarantee sector in the national legal system in Indonesia and how the responsibility of the SOEs holding company in the insurance and guarantee sector is for its subsidiaries. Based on the results of the research, it can be seen that the background to the establishment of a SOEs holding company in the insurance and guarantee sector is based on juridical factors, namely in Law Number 19 of 2003 concerning State-Owned Enterprises, Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, and Government Regulation Number 20 of 2020 concerning the Addition of State Equity Participation into the Share Capital of the Limited Liability Company PT Bahana Pembinaan Usaha Indonesia.

УПРАВЛІННЯ ФІНАНСАМИ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ГОСПОДАРЮВАННЯ НА ОСНОВІ РЕСТРУКТУРИЗАЦІЇ

The definition of financial restructuring is provided from the point of view of etymology, as well as a hierarchical category that extends to subjects of different levels, items of assets and liabilities. A comparative assessment of legal constructions of financial restructuring, which is contained in normative legal acts, was carried out. As a result of their synthesis, the following definition was proposed: a complex of organizational, economic and financial and economic measures aimed at increasing the efficiency of the enterprise's functioning, its financial recovery, increasing the volume of production and sale of competitive products, through a significant change in the organizational and legal form, management structure, owner, as well as the type, scope, and method of carrying out operational and financial and investment activities. It is shown that the form of financial restructuring is voluntary and forced. The objects of restructuring are natural and legal persons, assets, debts, organizational, legal and operational structure of the debtor. The mechanisms of forced financial restructuring of the debtor in the process of opening a case on his insolvency, requirements for restructuring plans and procedures, deadlines for preparing and submitting reports on their implementation are summarized. The list of information that the restructuring plan should contain is defined. Types of financial restructuring are systematized. It is shown that legal mechanisms of voluntary financial restructuring can be used by enterprises that have debts to a financial institution, subject to its consent, and are characterized by a crisis-like current financial situation, but promising economic activity. Procedures for initiation of voluntary financial restructuring by the debtor, his relations with involved, secured creditors, related persons, and investors have been formalized. The status of the bodies that coordinate the implementation of voluntary financial restructuring – the Supervisory Board, the Secretariat, the Arbitration Committee – has been determined. Requirements for the Financial Restructuring Plan, its approval and termination of legal force are summarized.

Prudential Principles in Murabaha Financing in Sharia Banking During the Covid-19 Pandemic

The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) globally has had a direct or indirect impact on the performance and capacity of customers (debtors) in fulfilling their obligations to financing payments, which impact on performance and capacity of debtors and will increase the risk of Murabaha financing which has the potential to disrupt banking performance and financial system stability so that it can affect the community's economic growth as a countercyclical. This study aims to determine the application of the prudential principle in Murabaha financing during the Covid-19 pandemic, using normative juridical research methods, and primary and secondary legal materials as well as primary data as supporting data. The legal research materials used are primary and secondary legal sources. Data was analyzed descriptively that finally was concluded deductively. The results of the study show that in applying the prudential principle, Islamic banks are required to apply an assessment of prospective customers based on the 3C principles (Character, Capacity, Collateral), namely an assessment of the character of the prospective customer, business feasibility, and collateral submitted to Islamic banks. Furthermore, a Murabaha financing restructuring program is needed in the form of restructuring, rescheduling, and settlement of financing payments through the execution of customer assets. It is recommended that in Murabaha financing during the Covid-19 pandemic, Murabaha Product Standards and their alignment with fatwas, sharia standards, and Compilation of Sharia Economic Law are needed including alignment with Financial Services Authority Regulation (POJK) No. 11/POJK.03/2020, PJOK Number 48/POJK.03/2020, and POJK No. 17 /POJK.03/2021 concerning the Second Amendment to POJK No. 11/POJK.03/2020 concerning National Economic Stimulus as a Countercyclical Policy for the Impact of the Spread of Coronavirus Disease 2019. In addition, it needs a good and effective risk management system, relaxation of financing according to the conditions of customers affected by the Covid-19 outbreak, and submission of relaxation requests can be made without physical customer contact.

COVID-19 PANDEMIC AS THE REASON FOR FORCE MAJEURE IN MOTOR VEHICLES CONSUMER FINANCING AGREEMENTS (STUDY AT PT SUMMIT OTO FINANCE BENGKULU BRANCH)

As an emergency, the COVID-19 pandemic is also known as a force majeure in civil law, therefore it could be one of the reasons for the postponement until the cancellation of the current agreement. Therefore, the Financial Services Authority as the institution authorized to regulate financial service activities stipulates OJK Regulation Number 14/POJK.05/2020 concerning Countercyclical Policy on the spreading impact of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease for Non-Bank Financial Services Institutions to optimize leasing business activities through financing restructuring. This thesis was completed through empirical research. This study aimed to describe and analyze the implementation of credit restructuring by PT. Summit OTO Bengkulu Branch to resolve late installment payments due to Force Majeure due to the impact of COVID-19, as well as to comprehend and know legal settlements related to delays in the implementation of motor vehicle installment payments at PT. Summit OTO of Bengkulu Branch due to COVID-19.The results of the research and discussion explain that the legal consequence of the spread of COVID-19 as a Force Majeure relative to the financing agreement is that the debtor must still fulfill his obligations/achievements to the debtor after COVID-19 ends. In its implementation, debtors are given credit relief through restructuring in accordance with the form of restructuring issued by leasing in the form of lowering interest rates, extending time, reducing principal arrears, reducing interest arrears, and other forms according to the verification and analysis of the Leasing party on debtors affected by COVID-19. Implementation of financing restructuring in PT. Summit OTO Bengkulu Branch until July 2021 has been realized as much as431 (four hundred and thirty-one) contracts financing. Restructuring of financing is carried out by extending the term of the agreement, delaying part of the payment of motor vehicle installments, and reducing the principal arrears during the period of restructuring of the financing.

Analisis Terhadap Pengaturan Restrukturisasi Dan Implementasinya Dalam Perjanjian Kredit Perbankan Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

During the Covid-19 pandemic, banking financial service institutions carried out credit restructuring service for affected debtors. However the service arrangement still has challenges in its implementation. The formulation of the problem in this research is how is the analysis for bank credit arrangements during the Covid-19 pandemic and how to implement the credit agreements during the Covid-19 pandemic. This is a normative legal research conducted with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the research and discussion indicate that the Credit Restructuring policy during the Covid-19 pandemic was regulated through the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 17/POJK.03/2021 on the Second Amendment to the Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 11/POJK.03/2020 on National Economic Stimulus as Countercyclical Policy Impact of the Spread of Covid-2019. This regulation does not further regulate the main guidelines for debtors affected by Covid-19 regarding the form of credit restructuring provided by banks to debtors. This poses a distinct challenge for regulators and financial service institutions in implementing the credit restructuring policies. In addition, the credit agreement after the restructuring is made in the form of an addendum called the Offering Letter of Credit. The form of restructuring provided has been determined in such a way as to extend the payment period and reduce the amount to be paid. This resulted in the amount of credit that must be paid as a whole to be greater than before the credit restructuring.