Partnership Formation Research Articles

Factors Influencing Private Participation in Public Infrastructure Projects: The South Asian Experience in the Global Context

This paper takes a global look at the main reasons why both public and pri-vate entities wish to collaborate on infrastructure projects in the form of public-private partnerships. It uses a cross-country panel regression for five South Asian countries between 1997 and 2018. The study finds that PPPs tend to be more common in countries with higher GDP per capita and larger market size. The study suggests that countries with rising exchange rate and countries where governments suffer from heavy external debt burdens are less likely to have PPPs. Countries with substantial foreign exchange reserves and development aid, are found to be less eager to pursue PPPs. The study provides evidence of the importance of the rule of law and control of corruption. Finally, the financial crisis of 2007–2008 is not proved to have negative effect on PPP flows to South Asian countries, manifesting their strong resilience to financial crisis shocks.

Link prediction and feature relevance in knowledge networks: A machine learning approach.

We propose a supervised machine learning approach to predict partnership formation between universities. We focus on successful joint R&D projects funded by the Horizon 2020 programme in three research domains: Social Sciences and Humanities, Physical and Engineering Sciences, and Life Sciences. We perform two related analyses: link formation prediction, and feature importance detection. In predicting link formation, we consider two settings: one including all features, both exogenous (pertaining to the node) and endogenous (pertaining to the network); and one including only exogenous features (thus removing the network attributes of the nodes). Using out-of-sample cross-validated accuracy, we obtain 91% prediction accuracy when both types of attributes are used, and around 67% when using only the exogenous ones. This proves that partnership predictive power is on average 24% larger for universities already incumbent in the programme than for newcomers (for which network attributes are clearly unknown). As for feature importance, by computing super-learner average partial effects and elasticities, we find that the endogenous attributes are the most relevant in affecting the probability to generate a link, and observe a largely negative elasticity of the link probability to feature changes, fairly uniform across attributes and domains.

Ways of improving the public-private partnership in the sphere of cyber security of Ukraine

The article examines the content and forms of public-private partnership in the field of cyber security in Ukraine, the relevance of this direction in the context of cyber security of Ukraine. The experience of the USA and the EU in the field of public-private partnership development is analyzed. Actual areas of improvement of public-private partnership are proposed. Proposals for improving the current legislation of Ukraine regarding such a partnership in the field of cyber security have been formulated.

Aligning Translation Curricula with Technological Advancements; Insights from Artificial Intelligence Researchers and Language Educators

This study expounded on methods, approaches, and strategies for aligning translation curricula with technological enhancements in the effort to train translators who are good to function in the AI-driven translation industry. The study sample consisted of 83 university lecturers in translation studies and 151 artificial intelligence experts from ten Jordanian universities. The study was carried out during the academic year 2022-2023. Moreover, the study design is a survey approach, and the strategy of the research is quantitative. Data was collected using a questionnaire and analysis was conducted using relevant descriptive statistics tools, including the percentile values of the Likert scale, the mean, and the standard deviation. In addition, the findings generally indicate that task-based approach, team-based strategy, blended learning, and reflective system are the main pedagogical strategies and teaching techniques that work optimally for incorporating AI-based translation technologies into translation curricula. Similarly, the findings generated from the data analysis further suggest that the main strategies to ensure alignment of translation curriculum with technological advancements are careful designing of specific lessons for technology in translation, formation of partnerships between industry players (translation industry leaders and AI experts), and translation curriculum designers, continuous review of the curriculum, and inclusion of creativity and critical thinking for the students. Finally, it is concluded that translation curriculum designers must always review the translation curriculum, partner with translation industry leaders and AI experts, and integrate critical thinking and creativity into the translation curriculum system. This is to ensure that the trained translators can function effectively in the AI-driven translation industry.

Broiler Chicken Livestock Business Development Strategy in South Lampung Regency

This study aims to to analyze the internal environment, analyze the external environment and, develop strategies for developing broiler chicken enlargement businesses. The data used is primary data for 2022 with a quantitative descriptive type of research. The method used the SWOT and QSPM analysis. This reaserch used primary and secondary datas. Primary data was used to answer questionnaire strategi development obtained by interview technique questionnaire. The results of the analysis show that the strategy for developing a broiler rearing livestock business is the utilization of a business location with a internally has the main strength in the form of the type of cage used and the main weakness in the form of the use of modern technology that has not been maximized. Externally, the main opportunity is in the form of established partnerships and the main threat is in the form of fluctuations in feed prices. Priority strategies that can be used for the development of Seandan Farm broiler rearing farms are:Utilization of business locations with a modern cage system to meet the high market demand for broiler chickens, utilization of raw material supplies from a partnership pattern that is established to meet the high consumption of broiler chickens, increasing the knowledge and skills of breeders through the use of modern technology in the business of raising broiler chickens, strengthening farmer capital through collaboration with other parties to maintain the quality of DOC, and improve the management of broiler housing systems by implementing standard operating procedure in order to tackle the spread of disease outbreaks in broiler chickens.

H.O.P.E. grows: An academic-public health partnership to reimagine public health services and increase mental health access among socially vulnerable populations.

To illustrate the process of developing and sustaining an academic-public health partnership for behavioral health integration through an expansion of the Aligning Systems for Health (ASfH) framework. Practice-informed primary data (2017-2023) from the Holistic Opportunity Program for Everyone (HOPE) Initiative based in Charlotte, NC. The unit of analysis in this descriptive case study is inter-organizational, specifically focusing on an academic-public health relationship. We illustrate the partnership process across the ASfH four core areas, including key challenges and insights. Utilized a Critical Moments Reflection methodology and review of HOPE program data. (1) Formal partnership structures and processes are essential to monitoring the four ASfH core components for on-going system alignment. (2) Aligning systems for health principally involves two ecologies: (i) the health program and (ii) the partnership. The vitality and sustainability of both ecologies require continuous attention and resource investment. (3) Relationships rest at the heart of aligning systems. (4) With comparative advantages in research methods, the academic sector is especially poised to collaborate with healthcare systems and human service organizations to study, develop, implement, and scale evidence-based health interventions. The academic sector shares overlapping purposes with the public health, healthcare, and social services sectors while providing complementary value. It is a critical sectoral partner in advancing population health and health equity.

Analysis of the Influence of Capital, Income and Liquidity on Banking Performance with Fintech as a Moderation

This research examines the effects of Capital, Interest Income, and Liquidity on Financial Performance of the Bank during period of 2012-2022, taking into consideration the moderating role that FinTech plays in the relationship. Capital, as assessed via CAR which is Capital Adequacy Ratio, exhibits conflicting impacts on banking performance. It has a significant negative influence on profitability (ROA) and asset quality (NPL), but it has a good impact on efficiency (BOPO). Capital effects on different things ROA, NPL, and BOPO, however, becomes statistically negligible when FinTech is used moderately. The ratio that represents net interest income, known as the net interest margin, contributes considerably to an increase in profitability (ROA), but at the expense of the asset quality and operational efficiency. If FinTech is managed properly, its influence on ROA will be reduced, while the consequences it has on NPL and BOPO will become less significant. The Return on Assets (ROA) and Efficiency (BOPO) are both favorably affected by Liquidity, as assessed by the Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), while Asset Quality (NPL) is not significantly impacted. However, because of the moderation brought about by FinTech, the effect of liquidity on ROA, NPL, and BOPO becomes statistically irrelevant. Among our suggestions is the adoption of digital services for the purpose of boosting liquidity, the reduction of unproductive branch offices, the formation of collaborative partnerships with FinTech companies, and the improvement of regulatory control. This study reveals important insights into the rapidly changing world of banking and FinTech, which may influence strategies for achieving sustainable development

An empirical investigation into UK university–industry collaboration: the development of an impact framework

Providing evidence of the impact of university–industry (U–I) partnerships is challenging. This empirical research contributes to this thought-provoking subject area by developing an impact assessment framework to assess the effect of collaboration between university and industry. This is examined through a multiple case study approach: 13 partnership schemes, each of two years duration, in manufacturing and healthcare. This study demonstrates that effective knowledge transfer from universities to enterprises is not only hypothetically feasible, but also realistically tangible and measurable. It explores how Business and Management Schools transfer knowledge and technology through external interventions and formal partnership schemes. Our findings show that impact and knowledge transfer can be evaluated, but requires active facilitation before, during and after the project, plus a level of openness and expert engagement within the partnerships. Additionally, our findings established that healthcare partnerships generated higher perceived levels of impact than manufacturing. This perhaps indicates that further work is necessary to resolve the issues limiting the productivity gains of manufacturing partnerships.

Who is receiving financial transfers from family during young adulthood in Australia?

Parents are increasingly providing financial support to their adult children. At the same time, it is often taking young people into their 30s to convert educational credentials into career outcomes, establish independent households, and marry or form partnerships. While the role of the so-called ‘bank of mum and dad’ in assisting with entry into home ownership is well established, its effects are potentially far wider, for example affecting young adults’ employment pathways. This article contributes to emerging research on extended intergenerational support using longitudinal data from Australia to explore which young people are receiving this support during their 20s and into their early 30s. Drawing on our findings, we contend that financial transfers as people enter their mid-20s and beyond appear to be used both to manage hardship and precarity, and to enable speculation on positive employment futures.

Cohabitation vs. Marriage: Mating Strategies by Education in The USA

Abstract In this paper, I analyze the determinants of cohabitation, marriage, and divorce in the USA. I first document that college graduates are more likely to marry, and less likely to cohabit and divorce, than non-college educated individuals. To account for these facts within a unified framework, I build and estimate a life-cycle model of partnership formation and dissolution where income processes differ by gender and education. I find that the main driver of education-based differences in mating strategies is that the gender wage gap is larger among college graduates. Since divorce is more costly than ending a cohabitation, marriages tend to be more stable and therefore offer women more protection from human capital depreciation during non-employment. Consequently, marriage is a more effective means of enforcing household specialization. Since college graduates have more room for household specialization, they are more likely to choose marriage. The variance of income shocks, which affects the demand for consumption insurance, is larger among college graduates. Even if the variance of income shocks could potentially explain partnership choices, simulations suggest a small role of income volatility.

Motivating the formation of partnerships by small water systems

Small community water systems (CWS) often have difficulty maintaining high-quality service provision. Partnerships can help alleviate these problems, yet may not be attainable or pursued. This research examines the perspectives of U.S. state agencies with drinking water primacy regarding the benefits of water systems partnerships and the points of leverage that can induce water systems to partner. It assesses the benefits, drawbacks, and barriers to five common forms of partnerships as well as the approaches states can use to encourage small CWS partnerships. Findings indicate that while partnerships hold significant potential, in many contexts, there are inherent limitations to their formation.

Qualitative Research to Describe Food Bank-Health Care Partnerships: What Types of Models Are Currently Being Used to Facilitate Food Bank-Health Care Partnerships in Texas?

Food banks and health care are being increasingly called on to partner together to support individuals and families experiencing food insecurity, yet few published works highlight descriptions of current food bank-health care partnerships. The aim of this study was to identify and describe food bank-health care partnerships, the impetus for development of partnerships, and challenges to sustainable partnerships within a single-state area. Qualitative data collection using semi-structured interviews was performed. Twenty-seven interviews were completed with representatives of all 21 food banks in Texas. All interviews were between 45 and 75 minutes and completed virtually using Zoom. Types of models used for implementation, impetus for partnership development, and challenges to partnership sustainability were identified through interview questions. Content analysis was performed in NVivo (Lumivero. Denver, CO), using transcriptions from voice-recorded semi-structured interviews. Four types of models of current food bank-health care partnerships were identified; they included food insecurity screening and referral, emergency food distribution at or near health care partner, pop-up food distribution and health screenings in community settings, and specialty programs for patients referred by health care. The impetus for partnership formation most often came from pressures from Feeding America or the belief that partnerships provided an opportunity to reach individuals and families that were currently not being served by the food bank. Challenges to sustainable partnership included lack of investment in both physical capacity and staff, administrative burden, and poorly developed referral processes for partnership programs. Food bank-health care partnerships are forming in diverse communities and settings, yet they need significant capacity building to support sustainable implementation and future growth.

Enhancing employability and engagement with the university through the student experience leaders (SEL) scheme

The University of Bedfordshire launched a new Education and Student Experience Strategy (2022-2026) that includes expanding students as partners opportunities as a key priority. The Student Experience Leaders (SEL) scheme was launched in 2022 and is managed by the Learning Development Team at the University of Bedfordshire in partnership with the Students’ Union. SEL provides opportunities for students to work with course teams and professional service staff to deliver curricular and co-/extra-curricular projects (aligned to key strategic priorities). SELs also act as representatives for Course Reps within faculties to champion the student voice. We believe that the formal representation partnership co-led by the Students’ Union and Learning Development Team differentiates our scheme from more traditional Peer Assisted Learning schemes. Our approach, therefore, contributes to the wider learning development field in terms of redefining how learning development teams could co-lead students as partners initiatives within their institution. Approximately 30 students have been recruited to the SEL scheme, which consists of nine projects from four faculties and two directorates. The SELs received training on various identified key transferable skills from the Learning Development Team and Students’ Union to support them in their roles. The Learning Development Team have also established and facilitated a community of practices for SELs. The first round of the scheme will conclude in June 2023 and will be evaluated through a narrative-focused and empirical evaluation using a mixed-methods approach. Pre- and post-questionnaires that focus on the transferable skills of SELs and focus group interviews will provide data for evaluation. This session considered the role of a Learning Development Team in leading a student as partners institutional scheme. We discussed how the SEL scheme will inform the future delivery of learning development at the University. We also considered how to best support students as partners in their role and how a learning development team can be effectively promoted through such activity.

Appraising metropolitan arts education partnerships: a policy analysis

Over the past 20 years, some of the most notable arts education policy initiatives have taken place in urban areas with the creation of metropolitan arts education partnerships. Aside from a few impact studies and isolated reports, little research exists that specifically analyzes their policy implications. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to describe the formation of high-profile metropolitan arts education partnerships. Research questions were: 1) What stakeholders are involved and how do they interact? 2) How are the metropolitan arts partnerships framed?, and 3) What are the goals and metrics associated with the partnerships? Using a policy-focused multiple case study approach, data collection included document analysis and interviews with key stakeholders from five partnerships. There were a variety of structures behind the partnerships, and stakeholders described interactions in terms of collective impact and negotiations over agendas. Partnerships were framed around equitable access to arts education alongside more sentimentalized rhetoric about the power of the arts. Finally, partnerships collected data on both arts-specific and non-arts-specific metrics to track progress.

Understanding Partnership Formation and Repeated Contributions in Federated Learning: An Analytical Investigation

Limited access to large-scale data is a key obstacle to building machine learning (ML) applications in practice, partly due to a reluctance of information exchange among data owners out of privacy and data security concerns. To address this “information silo” problem, federated learning (FL) techniques have been proposed to enable decentralized model training via an orchestrating central server and have received increasing attention in several industries (including healthcare and finance). Despite its superior privacy protection property, adoption of FL is limited by a lack of systematic understanding of its underlying economics. In this paper, we take an analytical approach to answer two questions: (1) when do data owners prefer to form a FL partnership over building ML models by themselves and (2) how can different contractual mechanisms be used to promote repeated contributions to FL (the cooperative outcome that benefits all participants). We formulate an iterated prisoner’s dilemma (IPD) model that accounts for unique FL characteristics, including the specification of the payoff matrix and the involvement of a central server to sanction noncooperation. We find that partnership formation requires participants to be not too forward-looking in temporal preferences, which is contrary to the conventional wisdom in IPD. Furthermore, to promote repeated contributions, it is insufficient to only rely on penalties imposed by the central server or by participants for noncooperation, but a combination of both is enough. Our work advances theoretical understanding of the economics of FL and provides prescriptive insights that can inform FL participant selection and contract design. This paper was accepted by D. J. Wu, information systems. Funding: This work was partially supported by Cisco Research. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.00611 .

Funny Date, Creative Mate? Unpacking the Effect of Humor on Romantic Attraction.

Extensive research shows that people are attracted to funny dating partners, with several competing, sometimes conflicting, explanations for why humor is strongly desired in a mate. The present research asks whether humor is interpreted as a reliable, hard-to-fake indicator of some other, valuable trait. Across six experiments, we manipulated humor in a hypothetical date, online dating profile, or video profile and asked which of several traits statistically linked to humor are reliably inferred about funny partners. Humor-specifically partners producing humor-consistently led to higher ratings of partner creative ingenuity. This effect was not moderated by gender, and mediated desirability for different types of partnership. Results further revealed stronger preference for a first-date activity requiring creative ingenuity with a funny versus non-funny partner. Humor may signal that a potential partner is skilled at creative problem-solving, which may be particularly important when considering various forms of partnership.

Couple partnership and divorce in domestic and non-European international adoptees. A Swedish national cohort study with follow up until 36 to 45 years

Adoption research shows a growing interest in adopted persons in their adult years. This article examines couple partnerships and divorce among adult adoptees and non-adoptees. Using population-based Swedish register data with follow-up until age 36–45 years, domestic and international adoptees were compared with the general population, as well as with immigrants who settled in Sweden in their early years and share with international adoptees a non-European physical appearance. Given their preadoption adversities and associated increased mental health problems, as well as postadoption experiences of perceived discrimination, adoptees were expected to have more problems in the formation and breakdown of partner relationships, particularly in the case of international adoptees. The study used data from national registers on Swedish national cohorts born 1972–83, including two study groups with a non-European origin who settled in Sweden at age 0–8 years (14,761 international adoptees and 11,085 immigrants) as well as 906 domestic adoptees and 936,988 Swedish born with a Swedish-born mother from the general population. In contrast with international adoptees, who have a 14 % lower adjusted rate of couple compared with the general population, domestic adoptees were more like the Swedish general population in terms of couple partnership formation. However, in terms of divorce, domestic and international adoptees share a significantly higher incidence than the general population and the immigrants study groups. Both in the formation and breakdown of couple relationships, international adopted men present less favorable outcomes than international adopted women. Further research is needed to elucidate the reasons behind these patterns.

Assessing the governance environment for private sector engagement in health in Africa: Results from a multi-country survey.

The role of the private sector in health is clear in many countries but engagement can be improved. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed a global strategy in 2020 focused on engaging the private sector in health service delivery through governance in mixed health systems and detailed six governance behaviours to guide its Member States. To operationalise these global ideas into practice, the Regional Office for Africa conducted a multi-country study to understand perceptions around the six governance behaviours. This article examines the perceptions of respondents from 13 African countries on the governance environment for private sector engagement in health. Data were collected through an online survey that was distributed to individuals from ministries of health and their partner organisations, private sector institutions and initiatives in countries and development organisations (n = 81) across 13 countries. The survey was based on the following six governance behaviours: build understanding, enable stakeholders, nurture trust, foster relations, align structures and deliver strategy. Results showed that respondents had mixed perceptions of the governance environment for private sector engagement in health in their respective countries. Although 88% of respondents (n = 63/72) were familiar with the general inclusion of the private sector in national health sector plans, 63% of respondents (n = 45/71) noted there was limited or no integration of the private sector in the health system, and further, 28% of respondents noted there was no private sector reporting in health information systems (n = 19/69). Key opportunities presented in more than one governance behaviour include: (i) increasing private sector engagement in public sector activities, (ii) establishing clear roles and responsibilities through formal partnership agreements, (iii) improving data sharing through shared health information systems, (iv) incentives and subsidies, (v) capacity building, (vi) creating norms, guidelines, and regulations and (vii) conducting joint monitoring and evaluation. Many of these outlined overlapping concepts are not exclusive to one behaviour, thus, it is evident that when targeted, there is the potential to improve numerous governance behaviours. This further reiterates the view that the governance behaviours should be understood as connected and not unrelated areas. The study provides insight into the perceptions of respondents from select African countries on the governance environment for private sector engagement in health. These findings can inform the development of strategies and interventions to support and enhance private sector engagement in health in the region.

The Public Private Partnership Model in the Development and Management of Coal-Fired Power Stations (PLTU) in Jenepoto Regency

Public-private partnership is a form of partnership between the government and the private sector. This study aims to analyze the public-private partnership model adapted to the development and management of coal-fired power stations in Jenoponto Regency, South Sulawesi. The research method uses a qualitative approach to explain research phenomena according to its context. The data sources included primary and secondary data. Data collection consisted of observations, in-depth interviews, and document reviews. The stages of data analysis included data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results show that the development and management of the Coal-Fired Power Station (PLTU) in Jeneponto Regency uses the lifecycle contract model. The design elements show that the PLTU project consists of two power-generating units. Each unit was designed to deliver a nominal net capacity of not less than 100 MW to the PLN system with a tension of 150 kV. The build element shows that all the PLTU infrastructure and equipments have been built in accordance with the applicable rules and standards. The financing elements of construction and management of the PLTU is the responsibility of the PT. Bosowa Energy assumes responsibility first, followed by PT. PLN Persero will purchase power, while maintenance is a shared responsibility.
 Keywords: public-private partnership, development and management

Multicriteria classification of public-private partnership forms

Multicriteria classification of public-private partnership forms