Mobile Forms Research Articles

Содержание и запасы подвижных форм фосфора в постагрогенных почвах Приморского края

The soils of the southern Far East are characterized by low levels of mobile phosphorus forms with an elevated concentration of its residual forms. The aim of this work is to study the dynamics of mobile phosphorus forms and their stocks in abandoned and anthropogenically transformed dark-humus podbels in Primorsky region of Russia. The study was conducted on abandoned agricultural fields (15, 20, 35, and 80 years after abandonment). As a reference site, we used samples from arable land. During the study, it was established that predomi-nantly mobile phosphorus forms accumulated in the upper plow layer, especially in the soils of arable land. Overall, the content of mobile phosphorus forms in the studied soils is assessed as very low. Throughout the examined postagrogenic development, there was a decrease in the stocks of mobile phosphorus forms throughout the soil profile.

Влияние гумата калия и гуминового препарата «BIO-Дон» на азотный режим чернозема обыкновенного под горохом

The article presents the results of short-term field experience for 2021-2023. Experience is laid down in the hospital of agricultural chemistry and plant protection FSBSI “FRARC”. The effect of the use of potassium humate and the humic preparation “Bio-Don” on the content of mobile nitrogen forms in the Calcic Chernozem in the cultivation of the pea Alliance (Pisum sativum L.) was studied. The experience scheme included options using mineral fertilizer (Azofoska 40:40:40) and without its use. Humic preparations were used in the phase of forming beans foliric, both together with insecticide and without it. It was established that the use of potassium humate shows a positive tendency to accumulate nitrate nitrogen in the Calcic Chernozem. The use of the “BIO-Don” humic preparation per year with an increased amount of precipitation has led to a decrease in the N-NO3 content, which may be associated with the migration of this form of nitrogen down into the subsoil horizon. The use of humic stimulants affected by the forms of ammonium nitrogen, which is available to plants, practically did not affect.

Changes in the elemental composition of agrocenosis components on gray forest soil under long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers

The paper analyzes the elemental composition of soils and plants of agrocenosis on the gray forest soil of Vladimir opolye under long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers. The content of total and mobile forms of Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe and the content of these elements in aboveground plant organs, as well as changes in the main agrochemical characteristics that can affect the availability of elements to plants were evaluated. It is shown that the application of mineral fertilizers contributes to soil acidification, increase in the content of organic carbon, mobile forms of phosphorus. At the same time, the variants with joint application of mineral and organic fertilizers are subject to less change of these characteristics, which may be due to the increased buffering capacity of the soil with respect to the components coming with mineral salts, due to the applied organic matter. Introduction of Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe into agrocenosis with fertilizers (organic and mineral) did not affect the gross content of metals in soil. There was a change in the content of mobile forms of metals in the soil due to changes in agrochemical parameters of soils. Changes in the content of trace elements in plant products were recorded. The reduction of Zn, Cu content in plants on the variants with more intensive use of fertilizers (and with higher yield) is explained by "dilution effect". The low content of Co in the soil and its insufficient supply to the plants must be controlled. The joint use of data on changes in the elemental composition of soils and plants allows better differentiation of experimental variants in the space of principal components when analyzed by this method and is promising for monitoring the consequences of agrogenic load of different degrees. The results obtained can be taken into account in the formation of criteria for assessing the mineral nutrition of plants and fertilizer application rates.

Accommodating agriculture at al-Khayran: Economic relations and settlement practices in the earliest agricultural communities of the southern Levant

Early agricultural practices are often viewed as such a radical transformation that they not only structured and drove the long-term development of subsistence economies, but also required a dramatic reorganization of how community-wide economic relations were reckoned and enacted. This article examines how data derived from loci of economic production can inform us about the structure of economic relations in early agricultural communities, so as to better test such claims of political-economic disruption against the archaeological record. It does so by analyzing the site of al-Khayran in the west-central Jordan. Al-Khayran dates to the southern Levantine Middle Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, the time period when predominantly agricultural economies first emerge in the region. Results show that a typical village-based residential group temporarily and repeatedly inhabited a substantially-built in-field structure while practicing intensive agricultural production. These results indicate that the site’s inhabitants carried out a form of dual residence mobility with heavy investment on-site in perimetrics via landesque capital. Such behavior suggests that at least some residential groups in this time period were indeed corporate groups that agentively intervened in economic systems to actively assert and enact the private holding of the means of production during the emergence of agricultural economies.

Imaging Plate radiography for non-destructive determination of the radioactivity fraction in “hot” particles

In the environment, artificial radionuclides exist in various mobile and non-mobile forms. One of the most kinetically stable radionuclides forms is so-called “hot” particles which could be found and extracted from soil samples using laser-scanned radiography with Imaging Plate. Method limitations are the signal fading over time and the lack of information about the quantitative capabilities of the method. In this work, the correlation between photostimulated luminescence (Cyclone Storage Phosphor System, PerkinElmer) and the radioactivity of various sources, their radiation energy, and exposure duration was determined. The fading of photostimulated luminescence over exposure time was studied for different radionuclides. As a result of the Imaging Plate Radiography calibration, the possibility of a semi-quantitative analysis of radioactively contaminated samples using Imaging Plate was confirmed. To carry out the comparative analysis of the samples from nuclear legacy sites a non-destructive tool has been developed for express definition of the fraction of radioactivity stored in “hot” particles. The application of this technique is demonstrated by examples of three different soil samples with "hot" particles.

Exploring the determinants of autonomous minibus adoption: empirical findings from a demand-based service in Germany

Autonomous on-demand services as part of public transport are discussed to improve public transport substantially. A household survey in Karlsruhe, Germany, was conducted among inhabitants of a residential area where a combined autonomous and on-demand minibus service with automation level 4 was offered. The study investigates the residents’ appraisal of this service and reasons for using and not using it. Results indicate that people generally have a positive attitude towards it and are willing to use it in the future. Difficulties are found in travel speed, availability, and complexity of using such a new service. Favorable factors in the intention to use the service are having a mobility impairment, being open to other forms of new mobility, and not having a car in the household. In the future, to be successful, such services should improve travel times and reliability and address issues of their primary target group, such as the high complexity of accessing these services.

CCS technological innovation system dynamics in Norway

CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) is today seen as a key technology to cut carbon emissions in many hard-to-abate sectors such as energy-intensive processing industries and the waste sector. Although CO2 capture is technically possible, key challenges for realizing CCS persist. Over the past decade, CCS has taken a new direction with more focus on application in energy-intensive industries rather than the energy sector. For CCS value chains to materialize, innovation and implementation thus needs to occur amongst an array of actors, with different innovation modes, institutions, and policy regimes, and with varying sectoral capacities for adaptation and change. There has so far been limited social science research on CCS innovation dynamics, which we suggest approaching as a socio-technical change process. To better understand this process, we draw on the sustainability transitions research field and employ the Technological Innovation System (TIS) framework to study the CCS innovation system in Norway. We find that, overall, the Norwegian CCS TIS displays systemic weaknesses for example in the form of market formation and resource mobilization, yet recent developments suggest a relatively positive momentum for this technological field which is key to meeting Norwegian and global climate mitigation targets.

Effectiveness of use zeolite in vegetable growing in the footdown zone of southeast Kazakhstan

Natural zeolite from the Shankanay deposit is effective for use as an additive to mineral fertilizers when growing vegetable crops in the foothill zone of south-east Kazakhstan. Zeolite added to the soil with mineral fertilizers leads to an increase in the water-physical properties of dark chestnut soil. The water permeability of these options has increased noticeably. The use of zeolite and fertilizers helps to increase the mobile forms of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium. The addition of zeolite reduces the concentrations of mobile forms of heavy metals in the dark chestnut soil under study. Thus, the concentration of cadmium in the soil in a 0-20 cm layer under sowing table beets when using 2 tons of zeolite decreased by 50% with a control value of 1.0 mg/kg, which does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration.A positive effect of zeolite fertilizer on the productivity of vegetable crops was revealed, which makes it possible to increase the total yield of table beet roots from 42.8 t/ha in control to 43.3-62.7 t/ha in fertilized variants with an increase in yield from 4.4 t/ha up to 19.9 t/ha. The yield of cabbage was 25.7 t/ha on the control, and increased by 6.5-16.5 t/ha on the fertilized variants. The use of zeolite and fertilizers contributes to the production of vegetables with good and high quality indicators. Application of both zeolite and fertilizers increased the dry matter, sugar and vitamin C content of the studied crops. The amount of nitrates in the products decreased with the addition of zeolite and increased in other variants of the experiment, but did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. Thus, in the control variant, the nitrate content in cabbage heads was 223 mg/kg wet weight, in the variants with zeolite 2t/ha - 205 mg/kg, in beetroots - 248 mg/kg and 195 mg/kg, respectively.

Residential mobility and new forms of spatial inequality in the settlement system: A comparative study of Estonia and Lithuania

This study examines how socio-spatial inequalities are associated with population concentration and de-concentration processes shaped by residential mobility. The study explores whether the patterns of residential mobility vary in different settlement system contexts. It reviews the cyclical urbanization models and the inequality of opportunities they provide in urban, suburban, and counter-urban contexts for individuals in various life stages. The theoretical models are tested by analysing individual-level data covering the entire populations of Estonia and Lithuania – two countries with similar social but different settlement system contexts. The study utilizes linked individual-level data from the 2011 and 2021 censuses, and harmonized variables in the two countries. The results show that individuals engaging in concentration, suburbanization, or de-concentration have distinct characteristics, with little differences between countries characterized with different settlement systems. While the life-course approach assumes that young people are most likely to urbanize (concentrate), those in family ages shift towards suburbanization, and older individuals tend to counter-urbanize (de-concentrate), our findings challenge these assumptions, demonstrating that young adults have a high likelihood of migration in all three directions. These findings call for more in-depth studies on the interplay between age and migration patterns that would go beyond the life-course approach and delve deeper into the residential decision-making of young people.

Memorializing Women on the Move: A register of migrant women landmarks in Europe.

This dataset was developed by COST Action 19112 Women on the Move (WEMov), which engages in unveiling women migrants' presence and participation in the construction of Europe. The dataset was built as a register of toponyms and monuments in the political and public landscape in Europe - such as street names, school names and parks, as well as statues and memorials - that celebrate women migrants. With the dataset we want to discover how women migrants are remembered and what kind of landmarks present these individuals who have had an episode of migration for a variety of reasons. Moreover, our aim is to make these landmarks and the stories of women migrants visible by presenting the results of the dataset in an interactive map on our website. At the moment, the dataset includes 1000 landmarks. The collection of data was based on voluntary work of scholars and students from over 40 different European countries. We have aimed for broad geographical coverage; however, some areas are better represented than others due the nature of data collection. The collection of data is an ongoing process and therefore the dataset in Nakala repository, to which this data note refers, presents the situation in July 2023. Updated versions of the dataset will be made available in Nakala and we will download new landmarks to our interactive map on a regular basis. The selected landmarks and migrant trajectories feature cross-community or cross-cultural migration. They show both typical and exceptional forms of mobility and present women of different age, profession, social status and migration status. This intersectionality of the project and the dataset highlights not only the richness of these landmarks and their value for scholarship but also the wide spectrum of migrant women and their contribution to society.

Magnesium in Soils of Agricultural Landscapes of Western Siberia

Background: Western Siberia has great potential for crop and livestock production; it is limited by degradation of soil fertility due to depletion of biophilic elements, including Mg. Intensification of agricultural production requires monitoring and optimization of magnesium nutrition of field crops. This study aimed at investigating changes in content of magnesium forms Gleyic Chernozems and Luvic Greyzemic Phaeozem in the Western Siberia during their long-term agricultural use. Methods: Soil samples were taken from the fields of long-term experiments in 1978, 1988 and 2019. Three cores were taken from a soil layer 0-20, 20-40 cm thick and combined into composite samples. Composite samples were kept in the archives of the institute. Chemical analysis of composite soil samples was carried out in 2020. Chemical analyzes of soil and plants were carried out by conventional methods. Magnesium forms were extracted: easily exchangeable with 0.0025 M CaCl2 solution, exchangeable with 1 M CH3COONH4, non-exchangeable with 1 M HNO3 and determined on an atomic absorption spectrometer. Result: Systematic use of the ammonia form of nitrogen fertilizers (60-120 kg a.m./ha per year) led to a decrease in mobile forms of magnesium in the most root-inhabited soil layer. The removal of magnesium by potatoes was small (8-10 kg/ha, 80 % falls on the tops). Consequently, a significant decrease in the reserves of magnesium available to plants in soils is associated not so much with the alienation of the element with yield, but with leaching processes due to the displacement of magnesium from the soil-absorbing complex by ammonium ions introduced with fertilizers and also, probably, potassium.

Analyzing shared mobility markets in Europe: A comparative analysis of shared mobility schemes across 311 European cities

The progression of shared mobility across Europe is remarkable. While station-based car and bike sharing have a more extended history, particularly in major European (capital) cities, recent advancements in modal types and operational models have significantly transformed the shared mobility landscape. Rapid expansion by private organisations has broadened access to shared mobility services across Europe. However, not all European cities are considered potentially viable markets due to local factors such as stringent regulatory frameworks and unfavourable economic conditions. The composition of the local offerings influences how citizens use these services, impacting travel behaviour and the local transport networks differently. Therefore, understanding the availability of various shared mobility schemes across Europe is essential for comprehending the market structure, its development, the providers' decision drivers, and the potential consequences for local transportation systems.First, this paper presents data on various segments and features of the shared mobility market across European cities with more than 100.000 inhabitants. Second, two cluster approaches, i.e. k-means and latent class clustering analysis (LCCA), are conducted to structure this European market. Third, the contextual characteristics, such as socio-demographics, the built environment and the geography, are compared among the clusters using Dunn testing.The results depict that the market is very fragmented, ranging from cities with a minimal offer (i.e. one type of modality available) to cities with a very competitive market consisting of numerous modalities and operators.As expected, the most comprehensive offer of shared mobility is found in cities with the highest economic potential, measured by GDP per capita and population size. However, these cities tend to impose stricter regulations and invest in public schemes, especially for bike and car sharing, affecting the share of private operators. This may explain why private scooter sharing companies are willing to operate in smaller cities that initially seem to lack the economic conditions to accommodate a profitable sharing scheme. In cities where scooters are absent, mainly in Dutch cities, free-floating moped- and bike-sharing schemes have acted as a surrogate. Still, the comprehensiveness of the offer in these cities is considerable, suggesting that even with strict regulatory frameworks, other factors like infrastructure can create an attractive environment for operators. Overall, shared mobility is well-developed in European cities, meaning that many people are already aware of or have access to some form of shared mobility. This provides opportunities for other less-developed modalities, such as cargo bicycles, to further expand and offer specific use cases for car replacement. Therefore, future research could follow up on market developments to understand how various segments evolve and to examine the role of different policy frameworks more thoroughly.

A Politics of Mobility and B/ordering in a Changing Riverscape in Cambodia

Hydropower development taking place on the Mekong River's mainstream and tributaries across the river basin, including Cambodia, is threatening livelihoods and food security by altering critical mobilities associated with the unique ecosystems of the Mekong River. In this paper, we seek to understand how a politics of mobility around hydropower development links both human and nonhuman entities along the Mekong River in Cambodia. We examine how dams transform myriad localized cross-border and riparian political geographies of the physical-human landscape through partial enclosures, up-downstream reorderings and b/orderings of hydrosocial relations. To explain these transformations, we posit that it is necessary to pay attention to the politics of human and nonhuman (such as water, sediment, and fish) mobilities that are shaped by hydropower dams and the new forms of mobilities engendered as a result. We examine how hydropower development renders water, fish, and sediment immobile, or alters their routes and rhythms in ways that optimize the generation of hydropower but which create new concerns around these changing nonhuman mobilities for riparian communities in Cambodia. There is a tension that exists between technical representations and community experiences of these nonhuman mobilities, which raise implications for the exacerbation of vulnerabilities among Cambodian Mekong communities. In this paper, we focus our analysis on selected sites in Cambodia: 1) Stung Treng Province, downstream of Laos' Don Sahong Dam and the Cambodia-Lao border riverscape, and 2) the Tonle Sap Lake (water-based and floodplain areas), to highlight these changing mobilities and the critical processes of b/ordering.

Новые социальные движения во Франции как исторический феномен и социологическая концепция

The term “new social movements” refers both to new forms of mobilization that appeared in the 1960s, and to a set of theoretical works in the field of social movements analysis. This article examines various theoretical approaches to the study of new social movements, presented by A. Touraine, С. Castoriadis, M. de Certeau, P. Champagne. It is noted that nowadays the theory of new social movements is being criticized. Despite the fact that the social movements of the 1970s in France contributed to the emergence of a new theoretical approach to their study, many aspects of their novelty may be disputed. Moreover, the year 1968 had a lasting impact on changes in the culture and behavior of the French, and also gave rise to a generation of activists inclined to invest their energy in the activities of social movements. By interrogating the historical roots, theoretical foundations, and modern manifestations of new social movements, scholars can contribute to a deeper understanding of the dynamics shaping modern social movements.

‘Sometimes they achieve a good life, sometimes they come back in a coffin’ – exploring social worlds of mobility at the communities of origin in Chiapas, Mexico

ABSTRACT Based on ethnographical and collaborative research conducted in the South Mexican region of The Lacandon Jungle, my paper explores how Indigenous peasant communities deal with the effects that various forms of mobility have on their social worlds. Combining decolonial work on Indigenous communality and transnational perspectives with a situational analysis approach, my research specifically focuses on collective processes of meaning-making in light of the increasing mobility among these communities’ members. By analyzing how the people who stay collectively organize the community’s social world, I position myself against approaches that reduce Indigenous movements to cultural policies, since such approaches overlook the relevance of anti-colonial resistance. My research shows that within the ‘Indigenous communal governance systems’, the departure of individual members plays a formative role for the entire community, shaping the resulting social relations and political practices. To ensure collective access to territory as a means of communal self-determination, a ‘transnational continuum of communality’ emerges between the communities of origin and their absent members.

Research on mobilization and effective utilization of capital for high-speed rail system development in countries: Some issues for Vietnam

The construction project of the high-speed rail (HSR) line on the North-South axis has extremely immense scale, with complex technical-technological standards, deeply and long-term impacting the country's economic and social development. This marks the first implementation of such project in Vietnam, thus requiring thorough and comprehensive research and evaluation. The selection of an appropriate financial mechanism is crucial to the project's success. The Vietnamese government is currently implementing a socialization policy in the transportation sector in general, and the North-South HSR project is proposed to be executed through a public-private partnership (PPP) model. In this framework, the state budget plays a leading and decisive role; external resources are deemed vital for breakthroughs. However, aspects such as how to mobilize funds, how the private sector participates, how it is managed, how the capital is repaid, whether to opt for limited-term transfers or lease of asset exploitation rights, over how many years... have yet to be addressed. Researching the mobilization and utilization of financial resources in countries with developed HSR systems, the authors observe varying investment and operational methods in each nation. Even within a single country, different financial models are applied in distinct phases. Alongside the successes achieved, there are instances of failed projects resulting in substantial losses. Hence, in addition to analyzing experiences in mobilizing and using funds for construction investment of HSR systems in other countries, the article also assesses the advantages and challenges for Vietnam. These are vital suggestions to aid the Vietnamese government in drawing lessons and selecting appropriate forms of mobilization and use of capital in line with the country's actual resources, exploiting the potential and advantages of the country.

Цифровая оценка влияния удобрений на урожайность сельскохозяйственных растений

Based on previously published works, a digital assessment of the effect of fertilizers on the yield of various agricultural plants was carried out. The new technique involves the use of the growth factor action coefficient, which is numerically equal to the relative rate of yield increase with an increase in the amount of fertilizers (nutrients) in the soil. Calculations were carried out for different natural and climatic conditions and different types of plants. It has been established that nitrogen fertilizers have a stronger effect on the yield than phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. A new methodology for assessing the effect of fertilizers on the yield of agricultural plants can be used to calculate the optimal doses of different fertilizers for different plants and a proposed method – for determining doses of fertilizers based on laboratory, growing or field experiments based on the yield (growth) of a particular plant in certain soil and climatic conditions. Known methods for calculating doses of fertilizers for specific plants and soil-climatic conditions, such as ‘calculating doses of fertilizers based on the removal of nutrients, taking into account the properties of the soil’ not accounting the content of mobile forms of fertilizer elements in the soil and plants, as well as changes in the supply nutrients in the soil, etc., ‘determining doses of fertilizers based on data from field experiments’ are essentially “heuristic”. They do not take into account the physiological characteristics of the influence of fertilizers and other factors on plant growth and productivity. The formulas proposed here take into account only approximate functional connections obtained from experimental data. Unlike the well-known method of elementary balance for determining doses of fertilizers, or the method of calculating doses of fertilizers according to the amount of nutrients required to increase the yield by 1 centner, etc., the proposed method, firstly, takes into account the value of the yield obtained without fertilizing the soil, secondly, the maximum potential value of the yield is determined and taken into account and, finally, the supply of nutrients in the soil is taken into account.

Agroecological substantiation of meliorative factors for restoration of soils disturbed by military actions

Тhe armed aggression of the Russian Federation has led to the disruption of balance in agroecosystems in Ukraine. The purpose of this study was to investigate the agroecological consequences of soil disturbance in agrocenosis due to explosive ordnance and to justify the use of ameliorative factors for soil fertility restoration. Vegetation studies were conducted at the «Institute of Applied Biotechnology». Soil samples for the experiment were collected from the liberated territories of Kharkiv region affected by military actions. Soil expertise, disrupted by explosive ordnance, revealed changes in agrochemical, biological, and toxicological indicators compared to the control plot of the agrocenosis. The humus content decreased by 39–46%, hydrolyzable nitrogen by 30–38%, mineral nitrogen by 36–48%, while the availability of mobile potassium increased by 115–139%. Significant excess of heavy metals content in the soil was detected: copper content increased by 3 times, lead — by 1.5 times, nickel — by 2.7 times, and cadmium — by 2.5 times. Microbiological processes were characterized by an increase in mineralization-immobilization coefficients, oligotrophy, pedotrophy, and a decrease in organic matter transformation indicator. Based on the observed changes, ameliorative factors were proposed aimed at soil fertility restoration. The application of nitrogen-phosphorus mineral fertilizer, winter wheat straw as organic fertilizer, and the biological preparation EcoStern Detox contributed to the improvement of soil agrochemical properties and optimized the direction of microbiological processes, but had no systemic impact on the change in the quantity of mobile forms of heavy metals. The positive impact of amelioration on the soil environment was confirmed by bioassay. Combining the studied ameliorative factors resulted in a 14.3–18.1% increase in maize plant height at the BBCH 14 stage, an increase in aboveground biomass by 24–46.2%, and root mass by 13.3–14.3% compared to the control. The highest growth in the development of the photosynthetic apparatus and root system was observed with the application of the entire complex of ameliorants. The obtained results are consistent with the soil analysis, as the simultaneous application of the EcoStern Detox biopreparation, mineral fertilizers, and straw led to a significant improvement in both agrochemical and biological soil indicators compared to the control and other research variants.

Experience in implementation of the No-till farming system in the Belgorod region

The research was conducted in a forest-steppe zone of the municipality of “Korochan district” (Belgorod region). Typical and leached chernozem constituted the two types of soils, that were studied. The goal was to evaluate the main results of introduction of the No-till farming system, following the example of LLC “Meat Farms – Iskra”. It was found out that on average, throughout the years of 2018-2022, winter wheat was the most regular (24.5%), alongside sunflower (23.2%). Legumes prevalence was at 32.5% with soy (20.0%). Organic fertilizer wasn’t used in the process; however, the average dose of mineral fertilizers was 66 kg of the substance/ha, which is 42.4% lower than the average for Belgorod region. The usage of the system No-till yield the sunflower, soy and corn-beans, as well as winter wheat plantings corresponded to 2.21, 1.65, 6.35 and 4.43 t/ha, which is lower by 23.5, 20.7, 11.2,10.9% when compared with the average throughout Belgorod region. The quantity of organic substances in the arable layer of the soil underwent an increase of 0, 14%, the quantity of mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium went down by 12 and 28 mg/kg accordingly, the dose of acidic soils decreased by 8,7%. The amount of mobile forms of sulfur and microelements didn’t particularly change. The profitability of crop production using the No-till system was 82.3%, which is 1.29 times higher than the average of the Belgorod region.

ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ПЕДАГОГІВ В ОСВІТНІЙ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ

A quality of education for students depends on the quality of teaching and the professionalism of the lecturer. A professional competence is necessary component of the professionalism of the lecturer.Considering the process of improving the professionalism of lecturers, it is impossible to ignore the processes of advanced training of lecturers within the framework of professional educational organizations themselves.Pedagogical science and practice consider professional development inside the educational organization as avery important point in the system of continuous professional education. The purpose of work to improve the professional competence of the lecturer in the educational organization is to solve the problem of continuous, progressive, comprehensive development of the lecturer. the lecturer is providing with various, mobile forms and content of development, taking into account personal needs, experience, creative opportunities, experience, the ability to use advanced pedagogical experience taking into account the individual characteristics of each.