Form Of Histograms Research Articles

Studi Sanitasi Lingkungan Pemukiman Masyarakat di Kelurahan Kalebajeng Kecamatan Bajeng Kabupaten Gowa

An environment with poor sanitation will have a negative impact on the health of the community around the environment, this study aims to understand the existing conditions of environmental sanitation in community settlements in Kalebajeng Village, Bajeng District, Gowa Regency. The method used is descriptive analysis with a survey approach, analysis to describe the characteristics of each research indicator in the form of frequency distribution and histogram. The results of the study indicate that waste control in the residential environment of the Kalebajeng Village, Bajeng District, Gowa Regency is in the good category. Wastewater control in the residential community in Kalebajeng Village, Bajeng District, Gowa Regency, in the aspect of providing sewers is in good category.

Nondestructive investigations of expansion gap concrete roughness

This paper presents the results of non-destructive investigations of concrete roughness in expansion gaps in reinforced concrete structures. The goal of this paper is to contribute to surface roughness measurement techniques. Concrete specimens with differently prepared surfaces: 1) not rubbed down, 2) manually cleaned and 3) mechanically cleaned were examined. The spatial geometric structure of the specimen surfaces was investigated using a scanning optical profilometer. Surface geometry, profile and roughness were measured. Then surface features were analysed and presented in the form of histograms, Abbott-Firestone material ratio curves and surface micro asperity profiles. Moreover, area-related surface topography parameters, i.e. height, frequency and hybrid parameters as well as functions and associated parameters, were determined. Then morphometric measurements, geometric profile and roughness measurements as well as analyses of the surface undulations and the spatial locations of the parameters were carried out. The results obtained for the mechanically prepared surfaces were found to be the best. The results were compared and conclusions important for building practice were drawn.

Twitter Sentiment Analysis as an Evaluation and Service Base On Python Textblob

The development of technology in the current era is very rapid, this is indicated by the many social media that have sprung up. One popular social media is Twitter. Twitter initially became a forum for social media users as a place to preach activities, discuss, and share stories between users. However, now Twitter is even a place for complaints for customers of a company, one of which is PT Telkom Indonesia. Some customers prefer not to contact the call centre that has been provided by the company to be contacted if there is a problem, but prefer to complain via Twitter. According to data taken during a certain period, 3324 tweets were obtained, which included the keywords indihome, myindihome, useetv, and wifi.id. The tweets data that has been collected, if processed properly, will be valuable information for the company. For example, as a reference to assess brand image, customer feedback, and marketing opportunities. This study classifies tweets where the keywords indihome, myindihome, useetv, and wifi.di. Furthermore, several data preprocessing techniques were carried out, sentiment analysis, and visualization in the form of histograms, pie charts, and word clouds. From 3324 tweets that have been analyzed, it is found that there are 34.4% positive tweets, 16.1% negative tweets, and 49.6% neutral tweets.

Logistic Regression Models for Aggregated Data

Logistic regression models are a popular and effective method to predict the probability of categorical response data. However, inference for these models can become computationally prohibitive for large datasets. Here we adapt ideas from symbolic data analysis to summarize the collection of predictor variables into histogram form, and perform inference on this summary dataset. We develop ideas based on composite likelihoods to derive an efficient one-versus-rest approximate composite likelihood model for histogram-based random variables, constructed from low-dimensional marginal histograms obtained from the full histogram. We demonstrate that this procedure can achieve comparable classification rates to the standard full data multinomial analysis and against state-of-the-art subsampling algorithms for logistic regression, but at a substantially lower computational cost. Performance is explored through simulated examples, and analyses of large supersymmetry and satellite crop classification datasets. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

Assessment of tendering processes for construction projects and it’s effect on public projects delivery in Nigeria

This study assessed the tendering report processes and their effect on public project delivery in Nigeria. The study was carried out at the Federal University of Technology Owerri, where ongoing and completed projects in the institution were assessed. The study is a descriptive survey employed questionnaires, interviews, and documentary records as a research instrument. The sample size comprised of 50 procurement professional and public projects experts in various selected units in the institution as respondents. The research objectives were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency as a tool that was computed using Microsoft Excel and presented in the form of charts and histograms. Qualitative data collected from interviews with respondents were recorded by using tape recorders and then transcribed. The outcome of the study reveals that the current tendering process in Nigeria has vulnerabilities that can be exploited to negatively impact public project delivery. The study recommends that there should be strict adherence to global standards in contractor selection and this should be based on objectivity, flexibility, reliability, and adaptability of the chosen criteria as they apply to projects peculiarities.

Effect Of Work Discipline, Ethics, Communication, Job Satisfaction On Employee Loyalty (Case Study Of The Public Relations Protocol Bureau Of The Regional Secretariat Of The Riau Islands Province)

This study uses a causal model survey method using path analysis techniques, based on the reasons this study aims to confirm the theoretical model with empirical data, the study population is employees of the Riau Islands Province Secretariat Public Relations Protocol Bureau, which consists of employees with a sample of 174 employees, because the population limited from all members of the sample population so this study uses saturated samples taken through census techniques using proportional random sampling when collecting technical data using variable measurements using a questionnaire instrument in which each employee is given five questionnaire instruments for the source of the measurement variables studied In addition to research instruments that use questionnaire, the instrument was developed based on theoretical studies, then defined in conceptual definitions, operational definitions, and developed through lattice instruments and technical techniques. Knitted data analysis uses descriptive statistics and statistical analysis to test the significance of path coefficients, descriptive statistics to present data in the form of frequency distribution tables, histograms, and total statistics such as media, modes, averages, variants, and foreign exchange standards. Statistical tests are used to test the significance of path coefficients using Partial Least Square (PLS) which is a Multivariate Analysis in the second generation using structural equation modeling (SEM). PLS can be used for a small number of samples, and of course with a large number of samples will be better able to improve the accuracy of estimates. PLS does not require the assumption that data distribution must be normal or not. The construct form can use a reflective or formative model in which from the results of statistical analysis, the relationship between variables formulated in the formulation of a problem as many as 7 pieces obtained significant results.

Conditional dependencies in imprecise data handling

Experimental data are meant as instances of random variables. Stochastic distortions are empirically evaluated. Evaluations take form of histograms. Set of rectangle bins of a histogram can be converted to Gaussian like curve enabling exploration of a discernment point neighborhood. Transformation can be made using fuzzy systems concept. Empirical distributions at hand differ. Discrepancies introduce some kind of doubtfulness or ambiguity. Many modern applications embrace uncertainty as an important factor. New solutions include alternative approach towards modelling and processing uncertainty. Mathematical Theory of Evidence is useful and provides supporting measures on exploration of the conditional relationship that requires penetration of neighborhood of a random variable instance. In the paper transformations of probability density distributions using fuzzy sets are proposed. The aim of suggested conversion is to deliver locally injective function to obtain conditional relationships measures.

ПЕРЕТВОРЕННЯ ЗОБРАЖЕНЬ ЕМІСІІ РЕЛЯТИВІСТСЬКИХ ЕЛЕКТРОНІВ І МЕТРОЛОГИЧНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПОТОКУ ФОТОНІВ В КАНАЛІ ВИВОДУ СИНХРОТРОННОГО ВИПРОМІНЮВАННЯ НАКОПИЧУВАЧА "НЕСТОР" ННЦ ХФТІ

При постановке экспериментов, связанных с использованием поляризационных свойств синхротронного излучения (СИ), представляет интерес детальный расчет спектрального углового распределения СИ и его поляризационных компонент. Учет размеров пучка показывают, что в реальных условиях излучение не будет полностью поляризованным, а форма и размеры углового распределения излучения будут искажены. Рассмотрено движение электронов в однородном магнитном поле и СИ пучка релятивистских частиц в накопителе "НЕСТОР" Национального Научного Центра «Харьковский Физико- Технический Институт» (ННЦ ХФТИ). Проанализировано влияние на формирование изображений потока квантов СИ размеров пучка электронов с энергией Е=225 МэВ. Показано, что в формирование изображений основной вклад вносит двумерное распределение частиц по вертикали и по вертикальным колебаниям. Разработано программное обеспечение, использование которого дало возможность промоделировать процесс формирования оптических изображений потоком квантов СИ. Рассмотрено формирование изображений излучения электронов с энергией Е=225 МэВ при изменении продольного расстояния L до плоскости регистрации. Определено, что на малых продольных расстояниях основной вклад в изображении вносит вертикальное распределение частиц. С увеличением расстояния возрастает вклад распределения частиц по вертикальным колебаниям, который для больших L становится определяющим. Проведено численное моделирование формирования изображений. Приведено семейство угловых распределений плотности потоков σ- и π-компонент поляризации, рассчитанных для одного из каналов вывода СИ накопителя"НЕСТОР". Зависимости оформлены в виде двумерных гистограмм для длины Lmax=300 см, вертикальных среднеквадратичных параметров пучка и разных длин волн излучения, а также для разных дисперсий L σ электронного сгустка. Получены размеры оптического люка, величина которых позволяет гарантированно регистрировать весь поток квантов СИ для указанных характеристик регистрации.

TOTAL ERITROSIT DAN LEUKOSIT BROILER BETINA SETELAH PEMBERIAN JINTAN HITAM (Nigella sativa) SEBAGAI IMUNOMODULATOR DALAM AIR MINUM

The study aimed to determine the effects of black cumin extract (Nigella sativa) and determine the optimal dose of black cumin extract (Nigella sativa) on total erythrocytes and leukocytes broilers. This research was conducted from December 2019 to January 2020 at the Integrated Field Laboratory Unit of the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung. The research data were analyzed at Pramitra Biolab Indonesia Laboratory, Bandar Lampung. The research material was 60 female broilers (strain Cobb CP 707). This study used a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments in this study were drinking water without Nigella sativa (P0), drinking water with Nigella sativa 36 mg/kg BW/day (P1), drinking water with Nigella sativa 72 mg/kg BW/day (P2) and drinking water with Nigella sativa 144 mg/kg BW/day (P3). Data obtained from observations were arranged in the form of simple tabulations and displayed in the form of histograms for descriptive analysis. Research showed that female broilers given black cumin (Nigella sativa) in their drinking water affected on the total erythrocytes which was in the normal range and the total leukocytes which were above the normal range in all treatment. The best dose of black cumin (Nigella sativa) in drinking water for each parameters was 144 mg/kg BW/day for total erythrocytes and 72 mg/kg BW/day for total leukocytes.
 Keywords: Black cumin (Nigella sativa), Erythrocytes, Female broilers, Immunomodulator , Leukocytes

Analysis of flame-flame interactions in premixed hydrocarbon and hydrogen flames

© 2020 American Physical Society. Flame-flame interactions are analyzed in twin hydrocarbon and hydrogen turbulent premixed flames. The interactions are identified with the help of Morse theory for critical points. Flame topology in the vicinity of critical points is analyzed and is categorized into four main groups, namely tunnel formation, tunnel closure, reactant pockets, and product pockets. The number of flame-flame interactions is presented in the form of histograms for the different flame cases. The relative frequency of occurrence of each type of topology changes with the turbulence intensity. In hydrocarbon flames, the fraction of product pockets and tunnel formation events increases with turbulence intensity, whereas the fraction of reactant pockets and tunnel closure events decreases. The results for hydrocarbon flames are compared with those for hydrogen flames and the differences are explained both qualitatively and quantitatively. An additional comparison is made between the number of flame-flame interactions observed for a single hydrocarbon flame against the number of interactions for twin hydrocarbon flames. It is found that having two flames in the domain does not significantly alter the number of interactions per flame, therefore indicating that the observed interactions are mainly self-interactions within individual flames.

Combined Scheme of Reconstruction of the Particle Size Distribution Function Using Small-Angle Scattering Data

To analyze polydisperse systems of nanoparticles, the particle size distribution function can be determined from small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering data using some algorithms. The corresponding least squares problem is an ill-posed problem; correspondingly, a solution can strongly depend on the initial approximation and the parameters of search algorithms. A procedure based on solving a system of linear equations with regularization gives a stable solution, but it is not free of artifacts. Other algorithms that seek the distribution function both in an analytical form and in the form of a nonparametric histogram provide solutions that can depend on the search parameters and the initial approximation. In this work, a combined scheme of using these algorithms has been proposed to increase the stability of the solution and, thereby, its reliability.

Analysis of triple random phase encoding cryptosystem in Fresnel domain

In this paper, a triple random phase encryption scheme in the Fresnel domain is presented in a 4f system. The scheme is an extension of the double random phase encoding scheme in the Fresnel domain. Firstly, the image is subjected to double random phase encoding in the Fresnel domain and thereafter, another random phase mask is bonded with it. The scheme is validated for grayscale and binary images. Cryptosystem is exposed to statistical attack in the form of histogram, 3-D plots and information entropy, and results reveal that scheme endures these statistical attacks. The sensitivity of the Fresnel parameters to their original values is also shown in the figures. A comparative analysis also performed to demonstrate that the proposed scheme is effective and provides enhanced security against known-plaintext and chosen-ciphertext attack as compared to double random phase encoding method in Fresnel domain.

EVALUASI PROGRAM PRAKTIK INDUSTRI LUAR NEGERI DI FAKULTAS TEKNIK UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA

The purpose of this research to determine the achievement of the implementation of oversais industry practices in the Faculty of Engineering, Yogyakarta State University in 2018 in terms of Context, Input, Process, and Product evaluation. This research was included in a descriptive research using a quantitative approach. Data collection was taken through questionnaires and interviews. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and presented in the form of tables and histograms supported by interview data. The results showed that. (1) Achievement of context evaluation included in the excellent category of 87,5% with 28 respondents and an average total score of 12,5. (2) Achievement of input evaluation included in the excellent category of 90,63% with 29 respondents and an average total score of 80,7. (3) Achievement of process evaluation included in the excellent category of 75% with 24 respondents and an average total score of 131,5. (4) Achievement of product evaluation included in the excellent category of 81,25% with 26 respondents and an average total score of 16,8.

APPLICATION OF «MICRO-PROCESSES» METHOD FOR MODELING HEAT CONDUCTION AND DIFFUSION PROCESSES IN CANONICAL BODIES

This paper shows that, in many technological processes, raw materials are subjected to high-temperature heat treatment and, in most cases, they have a geometric shape of the canonical form: a plate, a cylinder and a sphere. The convection drying process is considered as a typical heat and mass transfer process. The processes occurring under heat treatment conditions are reduced to transfer problems for an unbounded plate, cylinder, and ball with boundary conditions of the first kind, when the transfer potential (temperature, moisture content) is set on the surface of a solid. A number of expressions for calculations in the context of arbitrary distribution of initial values of transfer potentials as well as for uniform distributions are presented. It is shown that, when modeling heat and mass transfer processes in which the thermophysical characteristics of a solid body change significantly in the course of thermal treatment thereof, the use of already known solutions that have been previously developed becomes problematic. The «zonal» method and the «micro-processes» method are considered herein. It is shown that, for both methods, on the basis of experimental data referring to the dynamics of temperature and mass (moisture) content of the material over the course of the process, their dependences on the average (for the «zone» or «micro - process») temperatures and mass contents are determined. The next stage for calculations using the «zonal» method is formalization of the results obtained in the form of histograms of the values of mass conductivity coefficients from the average values of mass contents. For the «micro-processes» method, the kinetic curve can be used in calculations simultaneously. The smaller the range of measured values of temperatures and mass contents is the greater is the adequacy of calculated experimental data. It is emphasized that, under uneven initial conditions, analytical solutions to the heat transfer problem are usually presented in the form of infinite Fourier series. The convergence of the Fourier series deteriorates with decreasing time intervals. The great relevance of the application of the considered methods can be traced when modeling heat and mass transfer with intensive processes of phase transitions.

A Robust Feature Descriptor for Biomedical Image Retrieval

Biomedical image retrieval is a crucial side of computer-aided diagnosis. It helps the radiologist and medical specialist to spot and perceive the specific disease. This paper proposed an efficient approach for retrieving similar biomedical images based on the Zernike moment features, curvelet features and histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) feature. The Zernike polynomials based moments set defines the Zernike moment which is a global descriptor and it is capable of extracting both texture and shape information with minimum redundant data. The curvelet transformation is used to compute the edge-based shape information in form of curvelet histogram for the curves with discontinuity and the HOG features calculate the happenings of gradient orientation in the local areas of an image. The experiments were conducted on four benchmark biomedical image databases: HRCT dataset, Emphysema CT database, OASIS MRI database and NEMA MRI database respectively. The performance of the proposed approach was compared with many existing methods and achieved a better retrieval rate on all the four databases.

The local variation of the overlying soils geotechnical properties in the karst susceptibility assessment

The technique of karst susceptibility assessment in the territory of Ust-Kishert village is presented. The environmental conditions of predominantly gypsum and carbonate–gypsum karst area are analyzed. The zonation map of karst cavities and crushed zones density is created. The distribution of the overlying soil geotechnical property values within the classes of different subterranean karst form density is carried out and presented in the form of histograms and distribution curves. The computer simulation of the soil stress condition is used to demonstrate that karst cavity affects the mechanical properties of the overlying soils and alters the initial stress in the soils. In our research, the anomalous values of the overlying soil geotechnical properties are applied as the indicators of the karst cavities and crushed zones location. The anomalous value intervals are determined by one-dimensional statistical analysis. The analysis of the overlying soil geotechnical properties is resulted in the integral model of karst susceptibility in the research area.

FEATURES OF THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS AT DESIGN OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS (CASE STUDY: KYRGYZSTAN)

The Article discusses one of the Factors affecting the enclosing structures of Low-rise Buildings, their resistance to Heat generation. Also, the optimal thickness of a small Block (brick), wood, wall panels was calculated based on the resistance of the Enclosing Structures to Heat generation, which was subjected to Climatic analysis (Temperature, Wind, Solar radiation, Precipitation, etc. These factors affect the bearing capacity of the Structure, as well as as an example, were obtained Cities with severe Climatic Characteristics, which were characterized by the required performance at given initial values. The results of the calculations are presented in the form of Histograms and Parameters of Maximum Stresses in Concrete or Reinforcement.

Statistical structure of the velocity field in cavitating flow around a 2D hydrofoil

Transformation of flow turbulence structure with cavitation occurrence, determination of the flow conditions favorable for nucleation of cavitation bubbles, influence of the statistical structure of turbulence on this process and the inverse effect of cavitation on the flow dynamics are challenging problems in modern fluid mechanics. The paper reports on the results of statistical processing of the velocity fields measured by a PIV technique in cavitating flow over a 2D symmetric hydrofoil for four flow conditions, starting from a cavitation-free regime and finishing by unsteady cloud cavitation. We analyze basic information on the statistical structure of velocity fluctuations in the form of histograms and Q-Q diagrams along with profiles of the mean velocity and turbulent kinetic energy. The research reveals that the flow turbulence pattern and distributions of turbulent fluctuations change significantly with the cavitation development. Under unsteady cloud cavitation conditions, the probability density function of the fluctuating velocity has a two-mode distribution, which indicates switching of two alternating flow conditions in a region above the hydrofoil aft part due to periodic passing of cavitation clouds. Behaviors of the mean and most probable velocities unexpectedly appear to be different with a monotonous increase of the incoming flow velocity. This finding must be caused by modification of the skewness coefficient of the fluctuating velocity.

Research of dimensional-mass characteristics and physical and mechanical properties of bulbs and heaves of seed onion (Stuttgarter Risen variety) in the period of selection

The aim of the research was to determine the size-mass and physico-mechanical properties of bulbs and heaves of seed onion of the Stuttgart Riesen variety during the selection period. The results of studies of the size-mass characteristics of bulbs and roll onion sets of the Stuttgart Riesen variety from the standpoint of creating the working bodies of machines for its cultivation and harvesting are presented. The results of previous studies of onion sets of other varieties are considered. The technique and equipment used in the research are described. The results of the studies are presented in the form of distribution histograms, the analysis of the studies was carried out by the method of variation statistics. Object of study: bulbs and roll onion sets of the Stuttgart Riesen variety.
 It is established that the value of the onion set form index lies in the range of 0.,82- 1,10. An analysis of the results shows that more than 90% of the bulbs have a rounded shape, approaching the shape of a sphere, the rest are flat-rounded. The main values of the width of the onion-set roll are in the range 53.,0 65,0 cm, with an average value of 59 cm, in addition, we can conclude that there is no large change in thickness in the cross section of the roll, while the average value of the thickness of the roll (left , middle, right) is within 5.4; 6.7; 5.2 cm with an average value of 6.4 cm. The average distance between the onion set rolls during the selection period is 113.4 cm, the maximum is 121 cm, and the minimum is 111.2 cm. The mass of a heap of 1 running meter of onion set roll characterizes the density of the onion set roll is 12.82 kg. However, the minimum and maximum values of this indicator have a wide range of variation from 12.0 to 15.0 kg.

MICROMECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CEMENT PASTE MODIFIED BY NANOCLAYS

This work deals with the comparison of micromechanical properties and microstructure of cement pastes with additives used in concrete to reduce the lateral pressure on the formwork. This work is a steppingstone for broader investigation of the lateral pressures on different cement mixtures. The work focused on two additives used for the purpose, namely calcined clay (metakaolin) and a type of nanoclay sepiolite. A scanning electron microscope was used to describe their microstructure. Micromechanical properties of both cement composites were investigated by nanoindentation. Large statistical grids of indents were performed on three sample types: plain cement paste and two mixtures containing the enhancing additive of metakaolin and nanoclay. From the evaluated results in the form of property histograms, the modulus of elasticity, hardness and creep parameter were derived. It was found that in the cement paste with metakaolin the amount of C-S-H gel increased compared to the control mixture. Increased portlandite and the amount of unhydrous clinker was found in the cement paste with nanoclay. Nanomechanical response of individual phases was derived from overall property histograms by statistical deconvolution. The results were confirmed by electron microscopy. The micromechanical research was supplemented with the measurement of the compressive strength on cubes at the macroscopic level.