Formocresol Pulpotomy Research Articles

Assessing the efficacy of Laser pulpotomy versus conventional pulpotomy in primary teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials.

This study systematically reviewed the clinical and radiographic outcomes of laser versus conventional pulpotomy in primary teeth. It also compared the success and effectiveness of different lasers to enhance the understanding and use of laser pulpotomy as an alternative treatment. An electronic search was carried out in PubMed and Cochrane from 1st January 1999 to 31st December 2023. The published articles in the English language were searched using MeSH terms and text words. Only randomized controlled trials with a sample size of more than 10 and follow-ups over 6 months were included. Meta-analysis and forest plots were evaluated by utilizing Review Manager 5.4 software. Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias using the RoB 2 tool and discrepancies were resolved by the third reviewer. The success rates were combined using a random effects model to determine clinical and radiographic outcomes. We used risk ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) as the primary effect measures and set the significance level at 0.05. Only 18 studies met the inclusion criteria after an electronic search. Among them, 13 studies evaluated the clinical and radiographic outcomes of laser with formocresol pulpotomy, 2 studies compared with ferric sulfate pulpotomy, and the remaining studies with Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy. The various studies showed different levels of bias. There was no significant difference in the clinical success rate (p = 0.47; RR: 1.01; 95% CI 0.98-1.04; I2 = 0%; p = 0.70) and radiographic success rate (p = 0.94; RR: 1.00; 95% CI 0.91-1.09; I2 = 64%; p = 0.001) between laser pulpotomy and formocresol. Similarly, there was no significant difference between laser pulpotomy and ferric sulfate or MTA pulpotomy. Diode laser and LLLT can be considered as alternative pulpotomy agents to formocresol in primary teeth. However, high-quality trials are needed to confirm the accuracy and reliability of these findings.

Comparative Evaluation of Success of NeoPutty Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ® with Formocresol as Pulpotomy Medicaments in Primary Molars: A Clinical Study.

This clinical study was aimed to investigate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of NeoPutty MTA ® (Nusmile), a novel mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) pulpotomy material, in primary teeth of children aged 4-6 years. An in vivo study was done in children aged 4-6 years old. A total of 50 primary second molar teeth were included in the study, with 25 of them undergoing treatment with formocresol (FC) and 25 receiving treatment with NeoPutty MTA ® . The subjects were divided into two groups for treatment: the first group received a treatment involving a 1:5 dilution of Buckley's FC. The second group, however, underwent treatment with NeoPutty MTA ® . This study employs a meticulous approach to evaluate the impact of different treatments on a significant number of molar teeth, using FC and NeoPutty MTA ® as the respective treatment methods. The demographics of the subject pool are well-documented, comprising a balance of male and female participants. The technique employed for pulp removal and the subsequent management of bleeding are outlined, underscoring the thoroughness of the process. At 12 months, the NeoPutty MTA ® pulpotomy group showed a significantly higher success rate clinically (96%) compared to the FC group (72%) ( P < 0.05), but radiographically although NeoPutty MTA ® was better (92%) than FC (82%), it was not statistically significant. NeoPutty ® -treated teeth exhibited no signs of pain or discomfort and demonstrated better pulp vitality compared to the FC group. NeoPutty MTA ® demonstrated superior clinical success rates and better radiographic outcomes compared to traditional FC pulpotomy.

Pulpotomy versus pulpectomy in carious vital pulp exposure in primary incisors: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundPulpotomy as a minimally invasive pulp therapy technique is the treatment of choice for carious pulp exposures, however many pediatric dentists perform pulpectomies in vital primary incisors. The aim of this split mouth randomized controlled study was to compare formocresol pulpotomy and zinc-oxide and eugenol pulpectomy in the treatment of vital pulp exposure in primary incisors.MethodsContralateral pairs of incisors were randomly assigned to receive pulpotomy or pulpectomy in children aging from 18 to 66 months old and were followed up for 12 months.Results39 pairs of incisors were included. Clinical and radiographical success rates showed no statistical significant difference (p = 1, p = 0.8 respectively). Relative risk measures for clinical success rates (RR = 1.03, 95%CI 0.87 to 1.23) and for radiographic success rates (RR = 1.03, 95%CI 0.83 to 1.29) with CIs including number one showing no difference between the two groups. The Survival rate using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis score showed 82% for pulpotomy and 74% for pulpectomy at 12 months (P = 0.2).ConclusionsBoth pulpotomy and pulpectomy techniques can be used successfully in the treatment of carious vital pulp exposure in primary incisors.Trial registrationThe trial was retrospectively registered in Clinicaltrials .gov with this identifier NCT05589025 on 21/10/2022.

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of MTA based zinc oxide eugenol versus Formocresol pulpotomy in primary molars

Clinical and radiographic evaluation of MTA based zinc oxide eugenol versus Formocresol pulpotomy in primary molars

Postoperative pain following hall technique versus pulpotomy in primary molars with deep caries

Objective: to assess and compare the possible post-operative pain between both Hall Technique and Formocresol Pulpotomy. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six primary molars with deep caries were divided into two groups: Study group: Hall technique was performed in which no caries removal was done, only soft food or debris was removed with the placement of SSC. Control group: FC pulpotomy was done. Postoperative pain was recorded for 10 days postoperatively. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between both groups regarding postoperative pain. Conclusion: HT is as effective as FC pulpotomy regarding the postoperative pain.

Comparative Evaluation of Clinical and Radiographic Success of Aloe-Vera and Formocresol Pulpotomy in Primary Molars- A Randomised Control Trial

Background: Despite pulp devitalisation and systemic toxicity, Formocresol is still preferred for pulpotomy. Recently, there has been an increase in use of herbal pulp agents due to their anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties with less adverse effects compared to those that are chemically synthesized. Aloe-Vera is one such agent which is evaluated in this clinical study. Objective: The objective of the research was to assess and compare the clinical and radio-logical success rate of Aloe-vera and Formocresol pulpotomy in deciduous molars. Methodology: This randomized control trial included sixty deciduous molars requiring pulpotomy. Random allocation was done to two groups with thirty teeth in each group. Comparative evaluation of the clinical and radiological success rate of Aloe-vera and Formocresol pulpotomies were assessed for a duration of 6-months. Results: Chi-square test was employed to differentiate the results in two groups. The results showed satisfactory clinical and radiological success rates in both groups. The differences were not significant at 1-month, 3-months and 6-months follow up visits among the groups, with a P-value of 0.38 (P &lt;0.05). Conclusion: Aloe-vera can be successfully used in deciduous teeth for pulpotomy

A randomized clinical trial of hyaluronic acid gel pulpotomy in primary molars with 1 year follow-up

Objective This randomized clinical study aimed to evaluate the success of hyaluronic acid (HA) as a pulpotomy medicament of human primary molars and to compare it with formocresol (FC) and ferric sulphate (FS) pulpotomy treatments up to 12 months. Materials and methods The study was conducted with 130 primary molars of 44 children. The ethical approval and registration to clinical trials (No: NCT04115358) were completed. After the removal of all the coronal pulp tissue, a 0.5% HA gel, or a FC, or a 20% FS solution were applied randomly to the radicular pulp tissues of the primary molars. Then, the pulp chambers were filled with a zinc oxide eugenol cement and restored either with a composite filling material or with a stainless-steel crown. The treatment success rates of the 3 groups were followed and compared clinically and radiographically at 1st-, 3rd-, 6th- and 12th-months. Results Primary molars treated with FC, FS and HA dressings were clinically successful 77.5%, 86.8% and 87.5% respectively after 12th-month follow-up (p > .05). Radiographic successes of FC, FS and HA groups were lower than clinical successes (57.6%, 68.8%, 57.9% respectively at the 12th-month) but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant (p > .05). Equivalence analysis assuming not more than 10% difference between the materials suggested that HA was not inferior to FC or FS. Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, our randomized clinical trial shows that HA is a promising pulpotomy medicament in primary molars. However, further studies are justified to further improve the HA material success.

Assessment of Clinical and Radiographic Success Rate of Formocresol-based Pulpotomy versus Collagen-based Pulpotomy: An In Vivo Study

The aim of the study is (a) To use collagen as a pulpotomy material in comparison with the gold standard formocresol-based pulpotomy, (b) to assess the clinical and radiographic success rate of formocresol pulpotomy and collagen-based pulpotomy, and (c) to compare the success rate of formocresol-based pulpotomy and collagen-based pulpotomy over a definitive interval of time. Totally 30 primary first or second molars indicated for pulpotomy after confirming with the operative diagnosis were taken as samples for this study. This split-mouth technique consists of two groups: Group 1-formocresol pulpotomy (n = 15), and group 2-collagen-based pulpotomy (n = 15). Both the procedures were done in the same patient on regular appointments. Pre- and postoperative radiographs were taken. The children were recalled for clinical and radiographic follow-up at 2, 4, and 6 months. The success of the procedure was assessed based on clinical signs (pain, tenderness to percussion, abscess, swelling, fistula, and pathologic mobility) and radiographic findings (radicular radiolucency, internal and external root resorption, periodontal ligament (PDL) space widening, and furcation radiolucency). The Chi-square test was used to compare the differences between the groups. The overall success rate for formocresol pulpotomy (n = 15) was 14, 13, and 10 for the second-, fourth-, and sixth-month review period, respectively. For collagen pulpotomy group (n = 15), the overall success rate was 14, 14, and 14 for the second-, fourth-, and sixth-month review period, respectively. The obtained data from the overall success rate were subjected to statistical analysis, and chi-square test was used. The p-value less than 0.1 was considered a statistically significant result. The chi-square value for the fourth- and sixth-month review was 0.37 and 3.33, respectively. Statistically significant value was obtained from the sixth-month review period (p <0.1), which describes that the overall success rate was better for the collagen pulpotomy group when compared with the formocresol pulpotomy group. Collagen had proven to be a very good alternative for formocresol, its biocompatibility, and regenerative efficiency and is a benchmark for a better clinical success rate in dentistry. However, its implication in pulpotomy should be subjected to further comparative research study on mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Biodentine, etc. Keywords: Collagen-based pulpotomy, Formocresol-based pulpotomy.

Paediatric dentistry undergraduate education across dental schools in the Arabian region: a cross-sectional study

PurposeTo assess and compare teaching of paediatric dentistry in the undergraduate curriculum among dental schools in the Arabian region.MethodsA 28-item online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted of undergraduate dental programme directors in the Arab region. The survey included questions related to the programme’s content, method of instruction on specific paediatric dentistry topics as well as the director’s opinion on the level of training obtained by the undergraduate students at the end of the programme.ResultsThe final sample included 31 dental schools representing undergraduate programmes in ten Arabian countries (60.8% response rate). All programmes provided theoretical and practical education on communicative behaviour management techniques and caries prevention. Pulpectomy and formocresol pulpotomy were taught in the form of theoretical and practical education in 87.1% and 80.6% of the programmes, respectively. The method of education on common orthodontic topics was mainly theoretical with the exception of space maintainers. Instructions on managing trauma to permanent dentition was theoretical and practical in most programmes (61.3%).Most respondents rated the level of training of students in behaviour management and caries prevention as good to reasonable, while only 22.6% thought that the level of training was excellent in pulp therapy.ConclusionVariations were observed in paediatric dentistry education among undergraduate dental programmes in the Arabian region in terms of topics, instruction methods, year of introduction of paediatric dentistry education, and number of clinical sessions offered. This study establishes a framework for future paediatric dentistry curriculum development and/or improvement in the Arabian region.

A Clinical and Radiographic Assessment of Sodium Hypochlorite Versus Formocresol Pulpotomy in Primary Molar Teeth: 12-month Follow-up.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of pulpotomy in primary molars using formocresol versus sodium hypochlorite.Methods: Twenty-three children aged 4-9 years with at least two primary molars requiring pulpotomy were randomly allocated into two groups. All teeth received stainless steel crown after conventional pulpotomy procedure with either NaOCl or formocresol. Clinical and radiographic signs/symptoms were recorded at six and 12 months. Outcomes were statistically analyzed using Fisher’s exact test and Chi-squaretest.Results: Clinical success rates at 6 and 12-month follow-up in both groups was 100%. At 6-month follow-up, radiographic success rate for NaOCl and formocresol groups was 100%. At 12-month recalls, in NaOCl group, 20 teeth (87%) and in formocresol group, 21 teeth (91.3%) had radiographic success. No significant difference was found in the radiographic success rates at 12 months (P=1.00). Internal root resorption was the most common radiographic pathologic finding in both groups.Conclusion:Clinical and radiographic success rates in NaOCl group was comparable with formocresol group, so NaOCL can be suggested as an alternative for primary teeth pulpotomies. However further clinical studies with long-term follow-ups are needed.

Efficacy of laser photobiomodulation pulpotomy in human primary teeth: A randomized controlled trial.

Laser photobiomodulation (LPBM), also called Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT), has shown potential to reduce the pulpal inflammation and to preserve the dental pulp vitality, thereby improving healing. Lasers being minimally invasive, safe, and patient friendly prompt its application in pediatric dentistry. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of LPBM and formocresol pulpotomy at 9 months post intervention in human primary molars. A randomized controlled, split-mouth study design was followed involving children aged 4-7 years with at least two primary molars indicated for pulpotomy. Sixty-eight eligible primary molars were randomly allocated to two interventions - formocresol pulpotomy (Group I) and LPBM pulpotomy (Group II). Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis fixing significance level at P ≤ 0.05. There was no statistically significant difference in the clinical success rates between the formocresol group (97.05%) and the photobiomodulation group (94.1%) (χ2 = 0.34, P = 0.55); however, the radiographic success rate was significantly high in the laser group (94.1%) compared to the formocresol group (58.82%) (χ2 = 11.76, P = 0.001). LPBM could be a viable nonpharmaceutical alternative for formocresol pulpotomy in human primary teeth.

A randomised controlled clinical trial comparing pure Portland cement and formocresol pulpotomies followed from 2 to 4 years.

The purpose of the present prospective randomised clinical control trial was to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic success rate of pulpotomies in primary molars using pure Portland cement versus formocresol. Pure Portland cement has shown a high rate of success in pulpotomy treatments, with no side effects. Healthy 3- to 11-year-old children were treated with pulpotomies on primary molars as part of their scheduled dental treatment. Pulp dressing alternated randomly between pure Portland cement and formocresol. Data were analysed at follow-up periods up to 48months. 68 (50%) teeth with pure Portland cement and 68 (50%) teeth with formocresol in 136 healthy children (59 boys and 77 girls) were followed. The overall success rate of the pulpotomies in this study was 95.6%. Pure Portland cement was successful in 100% of the cases (68 out of 68), and formocresol in 91.1% (62 out of 68). No association was found between success and type of tooth or time range from treatment to last follow-up. Based on this study's results, it can be concluded that there is no superiority of one material over the other and pure Portland cement can be used in primary molar pulpotomies.

Pulpotomy versus Extraction of Primary Molars in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD)

Introduction: Dental management of a child with CHD is a procedure that requires special considerations due to predisposition to infective endocarditis (IE). The incidence of bacteremia can be induced by variable dental procedures, such as teeth extractions, root canal treatment, pulpotomies, interproximal fillings and application of rubber dam or stainless steel crowns (SSC). Pediatric dentists in the past decades, tend to perform extractions rather than pulpotomies of the deep carious primary molars to prevent possible infection of those teeth that may induce IE. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of bacteremia in children with CHD who received dental extractions or pulpotomies of the primary molars under general anesthesia (GA). Patients and Methods: A total of 60 patients with CHD (age 2-7 years old) from Prince Sultan Cardiac Centre (PSCC) and PSMMC in Riyadh were evaluated by pediatric cardiologist for complete blood count (CBC), blood culture and Echocardiography. The patients received prophylactic antibiotics prior to dental treatment under GA. All patients were low to moderate risk to IE. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: 30 patients received formocresol pulpotomies (FP) and SSCs and 30 patients had extractions of primary molars with vital deep carious lesions. Results: The mean age of patients was 3.9 years from FP group and 4.8 years from extractions group. Fifty eight patients were low risk to IE and 2 patients were at moderate risk. Following dental rehabilitation in the follow up visits over a three years period, there were no vegetation or signs of IE. The clinical and radiographic findings for pulpally treated teeth showed no signs of dental abscesses or apical lesions. Discussion and Conclusion: The present study showed that there was no vegetation in echocardiogram between the two groups of patients who received either pulpotomy or extractions of primary molar teeth in patients with (CHD). In addition, pulpotomy is not a risk factor to induce IE in patients with CHD. However, all patients received antibiotic prophylaxis prior dental rehabilitation.

Outcome comparison between diode laser pulpotomy and formocresol pulpotomy on human primary molars

Background/purposeDiode laser is widely used in dentistry, especially on treating soft tissues. Currently neither the effect of diode laser pulpotomy nor its comparison with formocresol (FC) pulpotomy has been fully investigated. Therefore the purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of diode laser pulpotomy and formocresol pulpotomy on human primary molars. Materials and methodsHealthy two-to eight-year-olds were treated with pulpotomies on primary molars as part of their regular dental treatment. The pulpotomy teeth were randomly assigned into one of two groups. The experimental group was treated with diode laser; the control group was treated with 1:5 dilution FC. ResultsForty-five teeth with diode laser and 45 teeth with FC in 70 healthy children were studied. In 12 months follow-up, the clinical success rates were 92.9%, and 90.9% for laser and FC respectively, and the radiographic success rates were 78.6%, and 72.7% for laser and FC respectively. Conclusion: There is no significant difference of clinical and radiographic success rate between diode laser and FC pulpotomy in human primary molars followed for 12 months.

Clinical and Radiographic Success Rate of Pulp Treated Primary Molars Restored with Stainless Steel Crown (SSC) Versus Glass Ionomer-SSC: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: Maintaining an adequate coronal sealing is of a great importance and is the necessary prerequisite to maximize the long-term success rate of pulpotomy. Objectives: To compare the clinical and radiographic success of pulpotomized primary molars restored with stainless steel crown (SSC) versus glass ionomer (GI)-SSC. Methods: In this clinical trial, 47 children with age range of 4 - 8 years, requiring pulpotomy for both primary mandibular second molars were recruited. Teeth were randomly treated either with one of the two procedures including pulpotomy-SSC or pulpotomy-GI-SSC using a split mouth design. For each tooth, formocresol pulpotomy was performed and hard-setting zinc oxide eugenol was used as pulp dressing material. The whole for each tooth was completed in one session. One week interval was scheduled between two sides. Clinical and radiographic success rate was evaluated 6 months post-operatively. The date was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test at the significant level of 0.05. Results: At the end of evaluation, no clinical failure was observed in both treatments. Among the two, no significant difference was detected in terms of radiographic success rate (P = 0.198). Conclusions: Due to no significant difference between two restoration techniques, longer period of follow-up is recommended to evaluate the role of restoration on the outcome of the primary teeth pulpotomy.

Fate of Pulpotomized Teeth in Pediatric Patients: A 3-year Case Series in a Malaysian Dental Teaching Hospital.

ABSTRACTAimThis 3-year retrospective case series evaluated the clinical and radiographic outcome of ferric sulfate and formocresol pulpotomy in primary molar teeth in a dental teaching hospital in Malaysia.Materials and methodsClinical and radiographic records of all pediatric patients who had pulpotomy of primary molar teeth between July 2005 and October 2008 were evaluated. A total of 55 pulpotomized primary molars were observed. Clinical assessments were carried out during the second visit to assess the presence of sinus tract, gingival swelling, excessive tooth mobility, tenderness to percussion, and abnormal exfoliation of the treated teeth. Periapical radiographs were reviewed for evidence of pathologic root resorption, radicular and/or periapical radiolucency, and abnormal pulp canal calcification. Treatments were regarded as failure in the presence of one or more of the above clinical and/or radiographic signs and symptoms.ResultsOf 55 pulpotomized teeth, 26 (47.3%) remained free from any clinical signs and symptoms and 48 (87.3%) showed no pathological radiographic findings. The clinical success rates of ferric sulfate and formocresol pulpotomy were 44.4% and 60.0%, respectively, whereas the radiographic success rates of ferric sulfate and formocresol pulpotomy were 86.7% and 90.0%, respectively. Although teeth treated with formocresol had higher both clinical and radiographic success rates compared with those treated with ferric sulfate, it was not statistically significant.ConclusionThe clinical success rates of pulpotomy were lower compared with radiographic success rates. Ferric sulfate is an alternative to formocresol; however, the use of both agents in the dental undergraduate teaching at Universiti Sains Malaysia can still be recommended.Clinical significanceFormocresol and ferric sulfate are advocated as pulpotomy agents in primary molar teeth since both agents showed comparable clinical and radiographic success rates.How to cite this articleSanusi SY, Jamaludin SA, Al-Batayneh OB, et al. Fate of Pulpotomized Teeth in Pediatric Patients: A 3-year Case Series in a Malaysian Dental Teaching Hospital. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(1):79–84.

Clinical, Radiographical and Histopathological Evaluation of Amniotic Membrane Allograft Pulpotomy in Primary teeth

Background: A novel dehydrated Human Amniotic Membrane (dHAM) allograft is a placental based scaffold that has been widely used in a verity of medical fields due to its unique regenerative ability in wound healing. Objective: To evaluate clinically, radiographically, and histopathologically the efficacy of dehydrated Human Amniotic Membrane allograf as a pulpotomy agent in primary teeth. Materials and Methods: I- Clinical and radiographical evaluation: This split-mouth, randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 deeply carious primary molars indicated for pulpotomy. They were selected from 16 healthy children aged 4-8 years. They were randomly allocated into two equal groups (20 molars/each). Group 1: dHAM pulpotomy in one quadrant and Group 2: Formocresol (FC) pulpotomy in the contralateral. All molars were treated with the conventional pulpotomy technique. All patients were recalled for clinical and radiographical evaluation at 3, 6, and 9 months post-treatment. II- Histopathological assessment: A total of 30 healthy lower first primary molars and canines that indicated for serial extraction were selected for histopathological evaluation. The dHAM allograft and formocresol pulpotomies were performed (12 teeth/each group), where the other 6 teeth were used as a control. Six teeth from each experimental group were extracted at post-treatment intervals; one and three months. The samples were prepared for histopathological evaluation. All data were subjected to the exact test. Fisher exact test and Monte Carlo test were also used. The level of significance was set at P 0.05). II-Histopathological results: The overall evaluation at 1-month interval showed better histopathological criteria for dHAM group than FC group, but the difference was only significantly better on the degree of the inflammatory response (p<0.05). Whereas at 3-month interval, the dHAM group displayed significantly better histopathological criteria compared to the FC group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The dHAM allograft with its regenerative, biologic biocompatibility properties and its ability to deliver growth factors has shown successful outcome comparable to gold standard formocresol. Hence, it can be recommended as an alternative promising pulpotomy agent.

Clinical, Radiographical and Histopathological Evaluation of Biodentine Versus Formocresol In Primary Teeth Pulpotomy

Aim: The present study was conducted to compare effects of biodentine and formocresol as pulp-dressing agents clinically, radiographically and histopatholically in primary teeth.Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy children aged from four to eight years, they were selected from patients attending outpatient clinic of Pediatric Dentistry Department. Each child had at least bilateral deep carious lower primary molar indicated for pulpotomy. Pulpotomy was done in both groups; where group I treated by biodentine while formocresol used in group II. The study cases were recalled after three, six, nine and twelve months for clinical and radiographic evaluation. For histopathological study sixteen lower primary first molars planned for serial extraction were selected, biodentine and formocresol pulpotomies were done, extraction of the treated teeth from each group was done after one and three-month intervals. Results: the overall clinical success rate of biodentine group was 90%, while formocresol group was 80%. The two groups were clinically successful with no statistically significant difference between them (P= 0.278). The radiographic success rate of biodentine group was 86.6%, while for formocresol group was 73.3%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.197). Biodentine showed significantly better histopathological results compared to formacresol after three-month interval. Biodentine favored the formation of partial dentine bridge with normal pulpal architecture. The pulp tissue in formocresol group showed necrosis with no evidence of dentine bridge formation Conclusion: the biodentine showed higher clinical, radiographic and histopathologic success rate compared to formocresol as a pulpotomy agent in primary molars. It can be considered as a biomaterial for vital pulp therapy of deep caries in primary teeth.

Ferric Sulfate and Formocresol pulpotomies in paediatric dental practice. A prospective-retrospective study.

To evaluate the use of formocresol (FC) and ferric sulfate (FS) as pulpotomy agents in vital pulp therapy (VPT) in primary molars by dental practitioners. One hundred seventy-nine patients (aged 74.09 ± 20.75 months) who underwent pulpotomy were enrolled. The dmft, the number of visits, the filling materials, the clinical and radiological observations and complications were evaluated. The data were analysed using chi-square, Spearman's rank correlation and odds ratio. The analysis included the documentation of 179 patients with 276 pulpotomies: 50 (FS) and 226 (FC). The dmft was 8.54 ± 3.44. The therapeutic success was greater for FS pulpotomy and that of the two-appointment FC pulpotomy (90.6%) was higher than the one-appointment method (77.1%). Glass-ionomer cements (GIC) (53.6%), amalgam (30.0%), composites (15.6%), and steel crowns (1.8%) were used for tooth restoration. The risk of complications was lower for GI (OR = 2.21; 95% CI 1.09-4.88) compared to composite (OR = 2.62; 95% CI: 1.19 - 5.80). For primary teeth pulpotomy dental practitioners use both FS and FC. FC has been proven to be more effective in a two-appointmet treatment. When restoration with stainless steel crown (SSC) is not feasible, it is advantageous to use GIC rather than composite.

BiodentineTM versus formocresol pulpotomy technique in primary molars: a 12\u2013month randomized controlled clinical trial

BackgroundThe objective of this clinical study was to prospectively compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of BiodentineTM pulpotomies versus formocresol pulpotomies in children vital primary molars.MethodsA randomized, split–mouth study design was used with a sample of 37 healthy children aged 4– to 8–year–old. A total of 56 pairs (112 teeth) of carious primary teeth, 1 pair per child, were selected for treatment. One tooth from each pair was randomly assigned to either the BiodentineTM pulpotomy group or the formocresol pulpotomy group. Children were followed–up at 3, 6 and 12 months for clinical evaluation and at 6 and 12 months for radiographic evaluation. Data were collected, tabulated and analyzed using Fisher exact and McNemar tests. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.ResultsAt 12 months, the clinical success rates of both BiodentineTM and formocresol groups were 100%, while the radiographic success rates for BiodentineTM and formocresol groups were 100% and 98.1%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups (P=1). The only observed radiographic failure was furcal radiolucency in the formocresol group at 12–month interval. Pulp canal obliteration was radiographically observed in 10/56 (17.9%) and 7/56 (12.5%) cases in the BiodentineTM and formocresol groups, respectively.ConclusionsBoth BiodentineTM and formocresol pulpotomy techniques demonstrated favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes over a 12-month period without any significant difference.Trial registrationRegistered on NCT03779698. Date of Registration: 18 December 2018.