Formation Of Universal Competences Research Articles

О физическом воспитании студентов с ограниченными возможностями здоровья

The analysis of the textbooks published in recent years and devoted to the improvement of the physical education of students with disabilities (health limitations) shows that all the authors point out negative trends in the health of students in most universities of the country, while the number of first-year students with disabilities and those disabled since childhood increases annually, many of them having the pathology of two or more systems simultaneously. The main task facing the teachers of the departments of physical education is the development of such students’ ability to assess their physical condition for a given period and training them in choosing available physical activities, i.e. the formation of universal competencies in the field of health preservation and promotion. The actual organization of physical education for students in all the universities of the country that includes 1-2 classes per week in the 1st-2nd-3rd years does not provide students with disabilities with physical rehabilitation they need during the study period. And it is not possible to form their universal competencies connected with performing physical exercises during extracurricular time (with self-training) due to the limited number of hours in the 1st semester that does not allow students to acquire the necessary amount of knowledge on the impact of physical activity on human health. Referring to Order No. 245 of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, which went into effect on September 1, 2022, the authors propose to form groups of students with disabilities starting with the first year and plan physical education classes for them for 45 minutes at least 4 times a week throughout their studies, given that according to the State Standard 400 hours are allotted for physical education. In addition, in order to form universal competencies in the field of health preservation and promotion, the authors propose to introduce a theoretical course (module) during the first 3 years of studies in all universities of the country that will be devoted to the basics of health-improving physical education (72 hours) at the expense of the course “Elective disciplines in physical education”.

Formation of Universal Competencies of Future Teachers in the Network of Regional Universities in the North-West Region of Russia

Regional universities, while continuing to be an important link in the regional system of higher education, are a key indicator of the region’s competitiveness at the federal level. One of the main areas of higher education is pedagogical education, the uniqueness of which lies in the fact that it belongs to the mass, widely demanded, on the one hand, and makes high demands on future teachers, on the other hand. According to the requirements of the federal educational standards of higher education, universities contribute to the versatile development of the individual, starting with the enrichment of knowledge and ending with the formation of universal competencies. Having a high degree of formation of universal competencies, future teachers become effective and sought-after specialists with generally recognized and socially approved behavior patterns. This article discusses the features of regional universities, formulates the concept of universal competencies of future teachers and defines the structure of these competencies. The purpose of the study is to determine the level of formation of the components of universal competencies of future university teachers in the North-West region of Russia. The study used theoretical (analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature that studies the implementation of the competency-based approach and the problems of assessing universal competencies, as well as revealing the essence of the educational process in higher educational institutions) and empirical research methods (remote survey using the online tool «Google Forms» and statistical method aimed at determining the level of formation of the components of the universal competencies of future teachers). The results of the evaluation of the formation of the components of the universal competencies of future teachers showed, on the whole, an advanced, but heterogeneous level of their formation. The data obtained in the course of the study indicates the need for purposeful formation of the components of the universal competencies of future teachers.

Making of the Universal Competence “Teamwork and Leadership” in Undergraduate Programs: Analysis of University Practices

The formation of universal competencies is a thorough practical task of universities in terms of compliance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard 3++ and the labor market. At the same time, theoretical and methodological issues of the formation and assessment of competencies are issues of the prerogative of a particular educational organization. In this regard, it is important to study the approaches that have developed in various universities. The purpose of our study is to consider the content of the disciplines that form UK-3 in undergraduate programs, to consider the forms and methods of conducting classes and assessment tools. The information base of the research was the materials of the «Education» section of the official websites of the universities. The object of observation are five universities represented in the market of educational services in Irkutsk: Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk State Agrarian University, Baikal State University, Irkutsk State Transport University, Irkutsk State Agrarian University. The value of income was obtained by the authors as a result of the emergence of established approaches, the allocation of general and special, generalization of established practices. The conducted study recorded the most valuable points of view from the point of view of theory and methodology, showed an expedient assessment of the experience and suggested further evaluation of the results and results of the research.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ У БУДУЩИХ ЖУРНАЛИСТОВ

The article analyzes the project activities implemented at the Faculty of Journalism of the Russian State University for the Humanities within the discipline “Information technologies in the media system”, aimed at the formation of universal competencies. First-year students create a scientific script, shoot a report and make a presentation of their work. The development of universal competencies takes place at all stages of the project.

Interconnected development of intercultural competence and soft skills through tasks in foreign language education at a university

Introduction. The formation of universal competences (flexible skills) is an imperative of the modern education system, while foreign language proficiency is one of the key competences of a modern specialist. A foreign language as a subject has great potential for the interconnected development of both subject and meta-subject, universal competences. The research purpose is to analyze the textbooks and online courses that are actively used by university teachers and evaluate the structure of tasks used and their potential for the interconnected formation of intercultural competence and soft skills. Methodology and methods. Twenty-one teachers of Petrozavodsk State University took part in the survey. Criteria based on the framework of intercultural competence and soft skills were developed to evaluate learning materials. Based on the proposed criteria, six groups of tasks were identified that contribute to the interconnected development of intercultural competence and flexible skills (culturological materials; tasks for critical thinking development; tasks for information analysis and interpretation; tasks based on students’ experience; tasks for generating one’s own ideas and products; tasks for the interaction (in pairs, groups) and creation of a joint product). Results. The study showed that 85.7% of foreign language teachers of Petrozavodsk State University (Russian Federation) agree that the development of intercultural competence and soft skills is possible and necessary. However, only 42.1% of the respondents are satisfied with the quantity and quality of tasks offered in textbooks. Moreover, all respondents use additional tasks and 95.2% do it regularly or often. The analysis of the textbooks confirmed that the respondents have reason to be dissatisfied with the quantity and quality of tasks. Only 19%-25% of the tasks offered in textbooks and/or online courses can be used to develop universal competences and intercultural competence. A more detailed analysis of the tasks revealed that the least presented were tasks for creating one's own product (individually) and group tasks for creating a group product. Conclusion. The results obtained allowed to develop a classification of tasks to be used in foreign language classes at a university for the interconnected development of subject and meta-subject competences. The formulations of tasks for achieving integrated results in foreign language education were proposed.

On the issue of continuity in the formation of universal competencies among school graduates and university students

In recent years, the issues of preserving the health of the population and prevention of certain diseases leading to a significant deterioration in the life quality and human activity have been keenly discussed all over the world. This circumstance has significantly activated the scientific research in development and testing of educational programs, which are based on the development of the need for systematic independent physical exercises that contribute to the formation of general cultural competencies among students of educational institutions. At the same time, the level of formation of this knowledge, skills and abilities should contribute to the further continuous process of formation of universal competencies in physical culture and sports of university students. This paper aims to analyze and experimentally substantiate the need for continuity in the formation of universal competencies among schoolchildren and university students in physical culture, as the basis for successful professionally applied physical training of future specialists in various fields of economics. The conducted research shows the need to improve the organizational and content provision of physical culture in general education institutions to increase the effectiveness of organized physical culture classes, and to improve the quality of the formation of general cultural competencies (knowledge, skills, abilities).

On the Formation of Universal Competences in Modern Higher Education: Theoretical Approaches and the Logic of Effectiveness

On the Formation of Universal Competences in Modern Higher Education: Theoretical Approaches and the Logic of Effectiveness

КОНСТРУКТЫ ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННОЙ ПСИХОЛОГИИ И БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ В ФИЗКУЛЬТУРНО-СПОРТИВНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ СТУДЕНТОВ ВУЗА ПО ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ

The purpose of the research is to develop criteria for assessing the involvement of students in physical culture and sports activities for the formation of universal competencies based on the analysis of the constructs of organizational psychology and business processes. Methods and organization of the research. Analytical and synthetic methods, methods of abstraction and systematization were used. Results and discussion. As a result of the research, the constructs of organizational psychology and business processes such as «personal involvement», «organizational commitment», «organizational civic behavior», «involvement in work», «passion for work», «personal resource», «job satisfaction» and universal competencies of physical and sports activity in the system of higher education were studied. Based on the synthetic method, the possibilities of using these constructs in the process of developing competencies among university students are formulated through the criteria for assessing involvement in physical culture and sports activities according to the expert opinions of the higher-education teaching personnel, questionnaires and social surveys. In conclusion, it is postulated: a low degree of knowledge of the possibility of using the presented constructs; lack of a clear and well-formed classification of criteria for the students’ involvement in physical culture and sports activities for the formation of universal competencies; the process of formation of universal competencies of physical culture and sports activities of students contributes to their personal involvement; the possibility of using the author's criteria-based assessment of students’ involvement, depending on the material and technical organizational conditions and professional capabilities of the higher-education teaching personnel.

Competence-Based Educational Paradigm in the Context of the Features of Its Practical Implementation in the Formation of Universal Competencies

The article discusses the main approaches to understanding the competence-based educational paradigm and some of the features and contradictions associated with the practical implementation of the competence-based approach. An example of evaluating residual knowledge and skills in the process of forming such a universal competence as the ability to carry out social interaction and realize their role in a team in three areas of bachelor's training is given. The difficulties and contradictions associated with the management of professional and personal development of students at all levels of practical implementation of the competence approach are analyzed. The necessity of further research related to the development of valid and reliable methodological tools for assessing multi-level professional and personal substructures of orientation, social experience and cognitive abilities of students in the process of mastering various areas and profiles of training in higher school is substantiated.

О применении кластерного подхода в реализации программы воспитательной работы в образовательных организациях высшего образования технического профиля

This article describes the decision of problem connected with the realization of the program of educational work because of the federal law “About the introduction of amendments in the federal law “About the education connected with the questions about upbringing students in Russian Federation” in the educational organization of higher education of technical profile on the base of the cluster approach with the help of the introduction complex of elements of electronic information and education environment in the practice activity. This environment is a systematic methodological support of the educational process and the system of monitoring and estimation the results of educational activity of the subjects of the educational process. The methods of analyzing the individual development of students are presented, which include an assessment of the level of formation of universal competencies, as well as a mechanism for implementing an educational work program based on a cluster, according to four main blocks: institute, mentoring and tutoring (classroom teachers of secondary vocational educational institutions, mentors of student academic groups, tutors, curators (from among students)); academic disciplines of the general education cycle, elective classes, student scientific societies; structural divisions of the extracurricular direction, professional unit. The structure of the electronic resource — “Mentor / class teacher’s Personal account” is presented in detail.

Специфика использования визуализации в образовательном процессе вуза

Visualization is a method of visual presentation of information that affects the effectiveness of students' assimilation of new knowledge, the formation of the ability to critically comprehend the study material, and the ability to independently create schematic maps. We consider the essence of visualization, its functions and features, the influence on the student's mental and cognitive activity. The use of visualization is possible due to specifics of the perception of visual information by the student. The difference between visualization and visibility is revealed. We consider the indicators for the successful and effective use of visualization tools in the educational process of the university. The practical experience of using visualization during the learning process is analyzed. Despite the need to use visualization, there are certain difficulties in introducing its means into the educational process of higher education, but if we approach this issue competently, considering all the features, nuances and risks, the result of this activity will improve the quality of the educational process and increase the level of formation of universal competencies of students.

МЕТОДИЧЕСКОЕ СОПРОВОЖДЕНИЕ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОГРАММЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ У СТУДЕНТОВ КОЛЛЕДЖА В ПРОЦЕССЕ ДОСУГОВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

We consider the possibilities of leisure activities in universal competencies formation of future teachers. Presented detailed methodological support for the implementation of the author's program “Crossroad” for students in the pedagogical college is relevant due to the need for effective formation of universal competencies among students in the competently organized professionally-oriented leisure. The idea of the “Crossroad” program is to integrate several directions (“Spiritual Spring”, “Life in Art”, “I give my heart to children”, “Laboratory of Interactive Technologies”) that contribute to the innovative and creative development of the individual. Each of these directions is disclosed in detail and methodically developed, the specifics of the forms, methods and means of education and upbringing used in this process are revealed. Emphasized activity of the interactive technologies laboratory provides high-quality training in the most popular and promising areas of the socio-pedagogical sphere of the region due to the new content of education and new learning technologies. It is necessary to use a portfolio as the most pragmatic and personalized form for the correct assessment of individual achievements and universal competencies of a college student.

Psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of the subjective attitude of students to educational and professional activities

The article touches upon the actual problem of vocational education the development of the subjective attitude of students to educational and professional activities in the light of the requirements of the dynamic development of socio-economic processes, the modern labor market. The current stage of a dynamic civilization, total informatization, places high demands on the self-development, self-education, self-improvement of a professional. One of the important skills of our time is the skill of managing one's own resources, a conscious attitude to building life trajectories (self-skills), respectively, the formation of such skills should be the focus of attention in the process of professional training of the younger generation. The purpose of this article is to present the experience of organizing psychological and pedagogical conditions for the development of a conscious attitude of students to educational and professional activities, the development of subjectivity, the formation of supra professional skills. The main objectives of the article are to reveal the methodological basis for the construction of the author's course for first-year students "Psychology of personal and educational and professional effectiveness", to justify the choice of content, pedagogical methods and technologies used during the implementation of the program, to identify the effective aspects of the discipline and shortcomings indicating the need for further improvement of the course program. The methodological basis for the formation of the content of the author's training course was the research of the subject and subjectivity of the individual in domestic psychology, the specifics of the competence paradigm of education, the requirements of the modern labor market and the problems of the formation of universal skills in the modern system of vocational education. The presented article substantiates the selection of the content of the training course modules, self-diagnosis and self-development practices, and reveals the features and main difficulties of implementing the training course in offline and online learning. The practice of implementing the author's course program has shown the effectiveness of forming a subjective attitude to educational and professional activities, self-skills, as basic skills for the formation of universal competencies of future professionals.

Об опыте применения интерактивных методов при преподавании конституционного права

Presented are results of generalizing the experience of using interactive methods of teaching constitutional law to undergraduate students of the 40.03.01 “Jurisprudence” direction at the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service. The aim of the study is to show various techniques for using interactive teaching methods to form universal competencies in law students. The authors’ position on the need to maintain a balance between the theoretical and applied components of teaching, the use of a set of passive / active and interactive methods, the specific set of which depends on the content of the studied topic of constitutional law, is stated. A prerequisite for the effective use of interactive teaching methods is a thorough theoretical training of students. In the absence of theoretical training of students, the goal of using interactive technologies — the formation of universal competencies — is difficult to achieve. The publication provides specific interactive methods of conducting classes on various topics of constitutional law. Attention is also paid to the peculiarities of the implementation of the right to freedom of teaching through the prism of the specifics of constitutional law governing political and legal institutions. The criteria for the admissibility of making value judgments on the issues under consideration are 1) the professional activity of the teacher and 2) the inadmissibility of campaigning in the interests of any political associations. The role of a teacher of constitutional law is to form a respectful attitude of students to law in general, and, in particular, to the Constitution of the Russian Federation.

Analysis of Students' Views of the Quality of Pedagogical Education in Russia

All participants in educational relations are worried about the problem how to improve the quality of education, with everyone representing it through the prism of their value system. In this connection there is a need to structure these representations. It is necessary to begin with bringing into a unified system the representations of education direct customers – students. The aim of our article is to analyze how pedagogical university students perceive the quality of their education. On the basis of the survey involving 117 respondents from Elabuga Institute of Kazan Federal University (Elabuga, Republic of Tatarstan) and the Northeast Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov (Yakutsk, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)) we analyzed such criteria as quality of teaching, quality of learning, formation of universal competencies, personal qualities necessary for modern teachers and the creation of appropriate conditions by a university (digitalization of the educational environment, academic mobility) for students’ self-development. The t-Student criterion was used to determine the differences between the respondents’ competencies, knowledge, abilities, skills and qualities that they had possessed before entering the university and those that were formed during the university study. The obtained data indicate a high assessment of the quality of education by the students. The results also showed the educational process strong and weak points that students of the two federal universities face. Thus, focusing on one of the customers’ (students’) views will allow teachers to manage the educational process effectively and improve its quality.

РОЛЬ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ СТУДЕНТОВ ВО ВНЕУЧЕБНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

The process of formation of universal competences of students in extracurricular activities of the university is considered. The leading role of the curator of the student group in the process of organizing extracurricular activities is emphasized. The competencies that modern university graduates should possess are analyzed in detail, and the Federal State Standard of the Russian Federation (3++) is considered in this regard. It is concluded that all the competencies that a modern bachelor should master correspond to the universal competencies enshrined in the Federal State Educational Standard 3++. It is noted that universal competencies are most effectively formed in extracurricular activities, since its methods and forms of work present wide opportunities for both teachers and students. Special attention is paid to the role of social networks in the formation of universal competencies of university students. The article presents the results of a survey of first-year students of the Faculty of Chemistry and Technology of Samara State Technical University, which allows us to assess the relevance of social networks among young people, as well as to identify the main features of social networks that attract young people. The relevance of the use of social networks and other information and communication technologies in the educational space of the university is noted. The most effective online technologies and forms of extracurricular work that contribute to the formation of universal competencies of university students are considered in detail. The importance of using Internet resources in extracurricular work, including social networks, when interacting with students with disabilities is emphasized. The article analyzes the experience of various universities of the Russian Federation in the application of modern forms of extracurricular activities, which were conducted online. The study of the experience of modern universities has shown that most universities in the Russian Federation transfer a fairly large amount of extracurricular activities to the Internet space, most noticeably this trend began to manifest itself in the coronavirus pandemic.

Formation of the competencies of future teacher-speech therapists in the field of intercultural communication

This article discusses topical issues of future speech therapists’ training in terms of a competence approach. Special attention is paid to formation of universal competences of future teachers in the field of intercultural collaboration. Current bachelor training curricula of specialized (speech pathology) education of speech therapy major 44.03.03 have been analyzed regarding formation of competences of future speech therapists in the field of intercultural communication. Efficient intercultural communication does not emerge spontaneously, it should be consistently developed. Modern life calls for mastering the skills of such communication. At present, special attention is paid to formation of universal competences in future speech pathologists, especially aimed at intercultural collaboration. It is believed that a speech therapist possessing such competences will be able to perceive cultural diversity of society in social, historical, and philosophical contexts. This article analyzes the experimental study of development level of future speech therapists’ general cultural competences. Junior and senior students from the Department of speech therapy, Institute of special education and psychology, Moscow City University took part in this research. The main experimental method was a survey of students. Particular attention was paid to the issues of formation of speech culture of speech therapists and the possibility to apply knowledge acquired during studies of a humanitarian module in professional activities of cultural and educational type. The main results of the analysis are a proven opportunity of updating theoretical knowledge of speech therapists in the field of intercultural communication acquired during studies of humanitarian, psychological, pedagogical and professional sections using interactive approaches to teacher activities.

Evaluation by future bachelors directions of training "Physical culture" formation of universal competences

Introduction.The article contains: analysis of scientific works in the field of higher education pedagogy on the formation of universal competencies; an experimental study to assess the formation of universal competencies in future bachelors. The modern professional pedagogical community constantly demonstrates that the presence of universal competencies is decisive for graduates of higher education. At the moment, there is no clear idea of the formation and assessment of universal competencies, in particular for bachelors of physical education.Materials and Methods.We have developed materials for evaluation the future bachelors of universal competencies and conducted an experimental study. For each of the universal competencies, the average value of the assessment, the standard deviation, the confidence interval for the average assessment are determined, the results of the correlation analysis are presented.Results.The data we obtained showed, that the average values of assessments by future bachelors of the direction of training "Physical culture" of universal competencies (the ability to: maintain the proper level of physical fitness to ensure full social and professional activity; search, critical analysis and synthesis of information, apply a systematic approach to solve the tasks; build an individual trajectory of self-development; perceive the intercultural diversity of society; formulate a range of tasks, achieve goals, choosing the best solutions; the ability to conduct business communication in a foreign language) are within 2.97 points - 3.86 points on a 5-point scale.Discussion and Conclusions.Our study shows that the level of formation of the universal competencies of students of the program 49.03.01 “Physical Education” is insufficient. The formation of universal competencies is possible not only in the educational process, but also in scientific research, industrial practices, as part of extracurricular activities. The formation of universal competencies for future bachelors in the educational process of higher education will help to increase the level of knowledge, skills and experience of creative activity in the professional field: search and critical analysis of information; the ability to set goals and determine the range of tasks; communicate effectively in the teamwork, not only with Russian, but also with foreign colleagues; managing time and shaping individual development path; maintain the necessary level of physical activity to achieve professional and social goals. The results of the assessment of the formation of universal competencies of future bachelors are considered by us as an opportunity to improve the modern basic educational program.

Pedagogical Conditions for the Formation of Universal Competencies for Students of Economic Universities in the Course of Physical Education Classes

Pedagogical Conditions for the Formation of Universal Competencies for Students of Economic Universities in the Course of Physical Education Classes

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ НА ЭТАПЕ РАННЕЙ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ОРИЕНТАЦИИ В ОБЛАСТИ АТОМНОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ НА ЭТАПЕ РАННЕЙ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ОРИЕНТАЦИИ В ОБЛАСТИ АТОМНОЙ ЭНЕРГЕТИКИ