Formation Of New Ideas Research Articles

AESTHETICS IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ESSENCE OF DESIGN

The article considers the rationale for the need to update knowledge related to the definition, functions, and structure of connections of aesthetics in design; the formation of new ideas about the harmony of the design product, different from those offered by “technical aesthetics”, both in the system of relations “object – person” and in the system “object – person – environment”. The possibility of the specified renewal is based on the understanding of aesthetics and aesthetic as an outer manifestation of the inner content or expression of the inner essence of the object through the external. That is, the term “aesthetic” describes primarily expression or expressiveness, and aesthetics (for example, according to A. Losev) is the science of expression in general. And what we consider beauty or beautiful is a kind of balance between the terms “inner” and “outer”, a certain achievement of the intended or harmony between the “inner” as a goal and the “outer” as the achievement of this goal, that is, the expression or aesthetics. The article focuses on the fact that the understanding of harmony is always correlated with the knowledge and actual problems of humanity that it is trying to solve. And for now, it is a reconciliation between human activity and nature conservation, a solution to existing environmental issues, in particular through the means of design. It is noted that in order to create a harmonious, ecologically appropriate design product, it is important that “ecological aesthetics-expression” is formed at the stage of thinking and included further stages of visualization, materialization, and functioning in the design. The author emphasized that the relationship between personal and object forms of aesthetic culture, where the first (characteristic of an individual or a community) is formed under the influence of the second, and the second is conditioned by the first, proves the existence of a relationship between the form and image of a design object, which is important for the prospects of society’s development and the form and image of human life. It has also been found that the concept of a specific design project, which can be perceived precisely through aesthetics, in addition to solving the utilitarian tasks, will also be correlated with certain ethical norms, ideological preferences, and universal philosophical views held by the author of a project.

Credit for Truly Novel Ideas? A Critical Approach to the Intellectual Authorship in Surgery.

The formation of new ideas and techniques in medicine and surgery is crucial to bettering the medical field and the quality of medical care. The transmission of these new ideas is a source of pride and recognition for physicians who devote their lives to patient care. The quality and integrity of the medical literature that results from seminal medical ideas are an essential but unregulated field. From time to time, there are discussions in the medical literature about the authorship of an idea/strategy/technique. In this digital era, where communication works at an unmeasurable speed, the authenticity of medical communication requires honesty and verification. The possibility of unreliable or false information exists, and the need to verify "new" information as accurate and honest is crucial. Rhythm, genuine, and fake (fair/unfair) information circulates at high speed, and suddenly everything one encounters is represented as "true and often represented as new." Regarding medical science and particularly surgery - we are overloaded daily with new techniques, new names, new strategies, and everything. Several questions regarding the authenticity of any publication or scientific communication exist. A critical approach is done in this article.

Coal, Oil, and Iron Ore: Industrial Planning and Formation of Concepts of Urals in the Economic Thought of USSR (1920s — 1930s)

The article examines the formation of ideas about the industrial geography of the Urals in the work of Soviet planners, economists and administrators of the 1920—1930s. The authors demonstrate that a number of early projects of economic development from the 1920s was promoting the administrative-territorial isolation, relying mostly on the industrial core of the region that emerged before the revolution, while allowing moderate cooperation with other regions. However, by the beginning of the 1930s, these projects were replaced by the concept of the Ural-Kuznetsk Combinate, which called for the integration of the Urals and Western Siberia and for a forced tempo of industrial construction. The consequence of the gigantism of such an ambitious concept was its territorial erosion, since local economists were using Ural-Kuzbass as a conceptual framework to propose and justify competing projects of forced industrial development of their respective districts. The paper shows different models of this erosion: 1) the emergence of new centers of power within Ural-Kuzbass on the basis of intensive industrial development with the subsequent formation of new administrative units (Chelyabinsk); 2) the inclusion of new territories as a result of ongoing geological discoveries followed by the emergence of novel industrial identity of these areas (Orsk); 3) withdrawal from Ural-Kuzbass in case of regions which were chosen to focus upon the industries which were marginal for the Combinate (Bashkiria). The authors make a conclusion about the key role of the concept of the Ural-Kuzbass in the development of the industrial identity of territories that were not previously considered as “Ural mining area”, and about the importance of economic factors in the formation of new ideas about the structure of the USSR which in turn influenced the administrative-territorial reforms of the country.

20세기 어느 유학자의 생애와 편찬 활동

This paper examines the work of Songseok Lee Byung-yeon(1894-1977) as a compiler of books and documents, a twentieth-century Confucian scholar in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do Province. Lee Byung-yeon edited and published Joseon Hwanyeoseungram(朝鮮寰輿勝覽), a vast human geography book on 129 counties in the 1930s, but even basic information on his life has not yet been reported to the academic world. Drawing on the life of Lee Byung-yeon, this paper discusses the process and backgrounds of the publication of the books he compiled: Joseon Hwanyeoseungram, Buyeo Geumseongdanji(扶餘錦城檀誌), Daesongdan Sillok, Yeonseong Chungjeonggong Yeonbo(延城忠靖公年譜), The Collected Poems of Nango(蘭皐詩集), etc. Despite living in poverty, Lee Byung-yeon gained practical knowledge and experience by participating in the compilation of documents published by his father Lee Won and uncle Lee Seok from the age of 19. Joseon Hwanyeoseungram covered data on a national scale, dealt with each county in an individual volume, and included extensive personal information. This came from Lee’s experience of assisting his father and uncle to publish documents. The success of Joseon Hwanyeoseungram had provided a stable socio-economic foundation for Lee Byung-yeon since his forties. He continued to edit and publish documents related to his ancestors, thereby enhancing the status of his forefathers and strengthening the ties of kinship. For Confucian scholars who lived in the 20th century, the social atmosphere of the time pointed to an era of crisis. They responded to the changed environment in various ways, such as compiling Confucian literature, publishing genealogies, academic research, glorifying ancestors, and preserving relics. As is well known, the development of printing technology in modern and contemporary times has produced and distributed a large amount of knowledge and information, which led to the formation of new ideas and perceptions. It is also worth noting that in combination with a new printing culture, Confucian literature, such as genealogy and collections of literary works, has also been greatly expanded. Lee Byung-yeon’s life and compilation work are a typical example of this change in circumstances.

Reflection of the Freedom Movements on the Relationship between Political Power and Architecture in Paris: Architectural Competitions

As its most prominent financier and employer, architecture is closely related to religious, political, and economic power. According to Lefebvre, representation spaces are established to permanently represent politics and ideology and their transmission to new generations. The democratic attitude of the political power will only change the perception known with the representation spaces. Therefore, this study deals with the example of Paris, which was indicated as the capital of the freedom movements initiated in the 1960s, to demonstrate how the relationship between political power and ideology with architecture transformed under the influence of democracy and freedom movements. For this purpose, political ideology between 1960-90 formed in the De Gaulle period and reached the highest level in the Mitterrand time, attracting the entire world's attention, and its relationship with architecture is investigated. Democratic, pluralistic, participatory, and transparent approaches in politics brought architectural competitions to the agenda by seeking transparency, pluralism, and participation in the production method of architecture above all. These architectural competitions were organized for Paris to reflect the ideological perspective. The crucial result of the libertarian perspectives concerning the city is the importance of publicity as a factor containing the shared spaces of people. The important results concerning the field of architecture are the support of the formation of new ideas, the production of buildings that are the leading symbols of new movements, and providing equality of opportunity for architects.

Ideas and Values: Britain and Russia in an Era of Transition

This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of the cognitive-rhetorical strategies of prominent British and Russian intellectuals in the context of the systemic crisis of the “era of transition” and in the process of the formation of cultural/imperial/national identities in Britain and Russia in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The authors focus on identifying a semantic shift in the cultural code of the emerging British and Russian identities based on the material of polemical works, sermons, and travelogues of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The authors employ the historical-comparative approach. It helps reveal the “golden ratio” of the cultural code, i. e. a value scale that undergoes cardinal changes in a tense intellectual discourse in a situation of the collapse of the universal picture of the world and the formation of new ideas about man, society, and the state. The study demonstrates an affinity between the logic of change and the dramatic collisions that accompanied the thinkers in the transition. Nor do the authors seek to smooth over the contradictions in contemporary historiography by offering their vision of the era.

Design Creativity in Architecture and Engineering

Creativity is a fundamental topic of study in design, encompassing the formation of new ideas and insights [...]

Combining Tradable Credit Schemes with a New Form of Road Pricing: Producing Liveable Cities and Meeting Decarbonisation Goals

This paper considers how the implementation of a tradable credit scheme (TCS) may be used to reduce road traffic and to contribute to the formation of liveable cities and global climate change commitments. The concept of applying TCS to individual road transport is familiar to transport researchers as a measure to regulate congestion and reduce transport-related emissions. Yet, it is not a strategy currently being considered by policy makers in the UK, despite the electrification of the road vehicle fleet and the associated loss of tax revenue presenting a rare opportunity to alter the economic instruments, which apply to road traffic. We consider how transport researchers can capitalise on this unique moment in transport history to shape transport policy. Our study uses qualitative methods, including a thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews with transport stakeholders and experts, in addition to a literature review and document analysis. Data analysis is inductive, permitting the formation of new ideas about the potential benefits of TCS and the barriers to the application of TCS to real-world policy. Building upon the results of TCS experiments and the results of our analysis, we propose a novel potential form of TCS combined with road pricing to maintain government revenue, which incentivises road users to decrease road vehicle kilometres travelled and reduce pollution and congestion. The proposal contributes to the discussion on the governance of road transport and taxation.

Influence of translated works of the XVIII century on family education in Russia

Introduction. The XVIII century is an important stage in the history of the development of Russian pedagogy, when a new type of pedagogical thinking was created under the influence of the ideas of enlightenment and humanism that came to Russia from Europe. An important role in this process was played by translated Western European works, which were actively studied by representatives of the nobility. It was these writings that significantly influenced the formation of new ideas about the process of raising children in families of the noble estate.Materials and Methods. When writing the work, the following methods were used: the method of logical analysis of general scientific literature and primary sources, system-structural analysis, methods of generalization and systematization, the method of comparative historical analysis, the method of interpretation and semantic reconstruction of historical and pedagogical sources.Results. The paper analyzed 19 translated Western European works created in the XVIII century, addressed both to the issues of raising children in the family, and to young readers and their mentors to improve the process of social and home education. In the works of the authors, educational ideas were expressed that corresponded to the ideas of the need for humanistic enlightened mentoring in relation to children in the family.Discussion and Conclusions. Translated Western European pedagogical works of the XVIII century proclaimed the following principles of family education: they affirmed the need to organize child-parent interaction on the basis of humanism and faith in the success of the educational influence of parents on the child's personality; they understood education as a sure means not only to create a perfect child's personality, but also to achieve perfection and happiness on earth on this basis by mankind; they pointed out the need for a harmonious combination of different types of education; justified the idea of the need to create the same conditions for the upbringing of girls and boys in the family, respect for the personality of a growing person.

Towards Enhancing Quality Physical Education Lessons: The Role of Improvisation

The role of improvisation is crucial in the formation of new ideas, and it is paramount where real objects are difficult to come across. However, there is little literature on the role of improvisation in the classroom teaching and teacher education context and how its practices in teaching could enhance education, as well as students learning in different contexts and domains. Therefore, this study examined the perceptions of student-teachers at colleges of education in Ghana on the role of improvisation in enhancing quality Physical Education lessons. The study adopted a qualitative approach as the research design to collect data from 10 student-teachers. The instrument used to gather the data was semistructured interviews while purposive and random sampling techniques were employed to select the participants. Thematic analysis was the main tool for the data analysis. The study revealed five themes namely: (1) promote understanding and maximise learners’ participation, (2) Reduce cost and expenditure, (3) Assist to achieve learning objectives (4) Promote creativity and innovation and (5) Make the learning experience real. These themes provide evidence of the role of improvisation in enhancing quality physical education lessons among college of education students in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The study recommends that teachers should be creative and have in-depth knowledge of improvisation to assist in effective teaching and learning to improve learners’ experiences.

О единстве процессов фотосинтеза, азотфиксации и почвообразования

Abstract. The development of science occurs not only as a result of the accumulation of information about the elementary, specific characteristics of individual phenomena or objects of the world around us, but also as a result of the comprehensive use of the acquired knowledge necessary to understand more complex processes. The purpose was to summarize the results of studies obtained in the study of photosynthesis, soil formation, nitrogen fixation and the formation of new ideas to explain the processes occurring in ecosystems of different levels. The scientific novelty consists in the fact that, based on the analysis of the results of their own research and the work of other authors, it is concluded that photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation and soil formation should be considered within a single system. Results. A block diagram of this system was proposed. The interaction of its individual components was described, which is based on the formation of metabolic flows of organic substances involved in photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation and soil formation. The proposed scheme of interaction of the processes under consideration within a single system will allow, according to the author, to objectively assess and predict the state of individual agroecosystems, biogeocenoses and the biosphere as a whole. The practical significance of the work is that the proposed description of the interaction of photosynthesis, nitrogen fixation and soil formation can be used to justify a new approach to increasing soil fertility based on the activation of excretory functions of plant root systems. The proposed scheme of interaction of the studied processes can be used in the development of mathematical models of behavior of agroecosystems and biogeocenoses of various levels, as well as in the creation of autonomous human habitats. The main research methods are experimental, historical and system analyses, comparisons, simulations, generalizations.

РОЗВИТОК ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОЇ ГОТОВНОСТІ ВІЙСЬКОВОСЛУЖБОВЦІВ ТАНКОВИХ ПІДРОЗДІЛІВ ДО ВИКОНАННЯ БОЙОВИХ ЗАВДАНЬ

The article presents the results of an experimental study of the development of the psychological readiness of servicemen of tank units for combat tasks performance. The formative part of the experimental study was carried out by implementing the program aimed at developing the components of psychological readiness (cognitive, motivational, emotional-volitional, functional and individual psychological qualities). The experiment was conducted in the period from 2021 to 2022. After applying the method of mathematical statistics (non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-tests), the statistically significant changes in indicators were revealed, that occurred in those servicemen of tank units with whom the formative program was conducted. The peculiarities of statistical changes in each of the components were revealed and their interpretation was carried out. It was found that the main workload of the tank crewman's professional activity falls on areas directly related to the implementation of special techniques, skills and methods of action, working out the specific conditions of military personnel, which demonstrated positive statistically significant indicators during the course of the program. A comparative analysis of the diagnostic results of the control and experimental groups after conducting the formative experiment testifies the effectiveness of the author's program, which expands the system of professional knowledge, strengthens motivation, develops important professional skills and the personal construct of the tank crewman. Thus, the proposed measures are aimed at developing the criteria of each of the components of psychological readiness and collectively form personal psychological readiness, which, in turn, is the basis for the group psychological readiness of the tank unit. The result of the implementation of the program is the formation of new ideas about psychological readiness as an integral manifestation of a professional, which in turn encourages self-development.

THE ROLE OF SELECTIVE EDUCATIONAL COMPONENTS IN THE FORMATION OF SOFT SKILLS OF FUTURE NEW UKRAINIAN SCHOOL TEACHERS

The article analyzes the subjective perception of higher education students of the role of free choice disciplines in the formation of soft skills. It was found that professional and pedagogical training obeys to the laws of social development, requires constant replenishment of the content of education with the latest materials, introduction of modern learning technologies with a high level of development of higher education in the context of trends in world education systems. The concept of soft skills, which is equated with employability skills, people skills, non-professional skills, skills for social progress, life skills, which are necessary for young people in the 21st century, is analyzed. In the course of the study, it was concluded that the vast majority of higher education students associate the formation of soft skills with the study of selective disciplines that improve analytical thinking, professional flexibility and innovation. Students also distinguish creativity, originality and proactiveness, vitality, stress resistance; formation of new ideas in order to be competitive in the modern market of educational services. A matrix of skills necessary for a modern teacher has been formed (flexibility of thinking, creativity, digital literacy, emotional intelligence, communication, self-learning and self-development). In general, it was found that selective educational disciplines of professional and practical training provide an opportunity to carry out in-depth training in specialties and specializations that determine the nature of future activities; contribute to the academic mobility of the student and his personal interests, allow the introduction of specializations within the basic specialty in order to form the competence of the applicant in accordance with the requirements of the labor market. In our opinion, further research should be directed to exploring the possibilities of the catalog of selective educational components with the involvement of practicing teachers, stakeholders and other interested persons.

The Effectiveness of Using Visual Art Tools in Noosphere Education: An Example of Determining Motivation to Perceive

The article considers the introduction of the concept of "visual art" into the Kazakh language, in the context of the history of world contemporary art and and the trends of its development, also relevance and preparing students for the "perception of visual art". Based on the scientific works of noosphere education which investigated the evolution of the formation of the brain contour as levels of human thinking, the author offers a "sequential chain of visual art perception", defining "internal needs" (motivations) and "external needs" of students in visual perception. "Brain contour level, thinking" and "visual art perception chain" are seen as important tools in selecting a topic and in determining students' uniqueness. The practical research examines the methods of noospheric education as the perception of all sense organs in the "transformation of traditional decorative art" and the effectiveness of using the tools of "contemporary art" in the formation of new ideas and new thinking.

Paul Ricœur’s Conception of the Reform of University Education

The article examines the concept of reform of university education by Paul Ricœur. During his tenure as professor at the Sorbonne, the philosopher begins to experience dissatisfaction with the quality of teaching at a leading university in France. Analyzing the problems in the field of higher education, he comes to the following conclusions. In the second half of the 20 th century, the world has entered the era of the cultural revolution. This process consists in the global transformation of the social system and the spiritual life of society, the formation of new ideas about values. In addition, the demographic explosion, significant changes in the field of social stratification, the need of society for qualified specialists have led to a sharp increase in the number of young people wishing to get higher education. In these conditions, there is a need to reform the university education system in accordance with the requirements of the time. Ricœur is developing a project for the reorganization of higher education, the main idea of which was to be the principle of open dialogue in the learning process. According to the philosopher, it was necessary to abandon the outdated interpretation of teaching as a formal translation of the existing body of knowledge from the teacher to passively perceiving information students, to consider teaching not as the assimilation of a system of static truths, but as a creative process of interpreting the material being studied, which presupposes a willingness to discuss and solve emerging problems. Curricula need to be formed in a modular-elective way, taking into account the individual needs of students. Universities should become centers of creativity and scientific innovation. To achieve this goal, it will be necessary to reform universities as educational institutions, making teaching efficient and flexible. Ricœur embarked on his project at the University of Nanterre, which was set up as the vanguard of renewing the higher education system. However, the revolutionary events of 1968 in France led to the collapse of his pedagogical experiment. The philosopher himself explained the reason for his failure by the fact that he built relationships horizontally and underestimated the importance of vertical relationships in management. The author comes to the conclusion that despite Ricœur’s failure during the period of his reform activities at the University of Nanterre, his pedagogical concept is deep and well-grounded. Many of the philosopher’s recommendations are consistent with the set of measures to reform higher education, carried out in France in the late 1960s – early 1970s. Ricœur’s idea remains relevant in the modern era and anticipates some of the ideas of a new model of education in the 21 st century.

Karol Szymanowski and multiculturalism

Karol Szymanowski and multiculturalism

New Improvement of Labor Accounting in the Sharing Economy

The investigation of labor is a key aspect of population research, and labor accounting, as its foundation, is an important means to judge the degree of economic development and monitor the changes of the labor market, having always been a focus of scholarly research. At present, the sharing economy is on the rise worldwide and influences labor accounting. In this paper, starting from the context of the sharing economy and the current situation of labor accounting, several important aspects of labor accounting will be discussed. In the context of the sharing economy, household subsistence service production is to be included in the production accounting boundary, which is the root of the changes in labor accounting. On this basis, the following findings are drawn. (1) The scope of accounting for employment should be expanded, which puts higher demands on the labor accounting method. (2) Working time should be remeasured, especially indicators based on pay time. (3) Finally, the design of indicators in labor underutilization also requires the formation of new ideas, especially unemployment should be redefined. Finally, in view of the current status of labor accounting in China, policy suggestions for future improvement under the sharing economy are put forward.

ЕТИКА ІДЕАЛІВ І "ПРОЗИ ЖИТТЯ" В ЕПІСТОЛЯРІЇ ПАНТЕЛЕЙМОНА КУЛІША

The article from a series of publications about the prominent Ukrainian writer, publisher, translator and author of Ukrainian spelling, the so-called "kulishivka", is dedicated to the analysis of the author's worldview constants reflected in his epistolary. The ethical maxims and moral principles of Panteleimon Kulish are considered as the unity of the ideal, inspired by creative, romantic views of the author and real life. P. Kulish's appeals are analyzed from the point of view of his motivation for dominant evaluations of events, circumstances and characteristics of the addressees, such as attitude towards work, people, culture, language, history, etc. Particular attention is paid to the influence of M. Gogol on P. Kulish due to the fact that P. Kulish was the author’s commentator, archiver of texts and memoirs as well as publisher. The letters give an opportunity to chronologize and explain P. Kulish's meetings with M. Gogol's family, an assessment of M. Gogol's creativity by his contemporaries, to find out the peculiarities of work on M. Gogol's texts and the memories of his confederates and P. Kulish’s friends. The analysis of the epistolary introduces P. Kulish’s seek for spiritual truths, comparisons and parallels with M. Gogol's reflections and creative sources, in particular during his visit to Danilov Monastery and to the writer's tomb. P. Kulish's intellectual reflection in epistolary texts reveals a complex of ethical problems around which the author always focuses, substantiating the complexity of views on the issues of "ideal" – "profane", "people" – "service to people", "gospel truths" – "the world of real people", "the commensurability of the gospel word" – "living spiritualized nature " etc. A wide range of P. Kulish addressees is analyzed, which allows us to observe the panorama of the cultural life of the Ukrainian intelligentsia in the mid-19th century, testing in the environment of cultural and public figures of traditional ethical views and formation of new ideas about language, culture and national revival. P. Kulish's general characterization of moral principles is correlated with his appeals to authoritative figures, iconic events and partial manifestation in epistolary texts, in particular the features of requests to addressees. The author concludes that P. Kulish’s personality was complex and ambiguous. At the same time, the writer was a tireless worker who combined high ethical ideals with the moral principles of creative life – the service of the word.

«БОРОТЬБА ТРИВАЄ Й СЬОГОДНІ, ОТРИМАВШИ ГАСЛО: 'КИЇВ ПРОТИ МОСКВИ!': КОНЦЕПЦІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ НАЦІОНАЛІСТІВ ПЕРІОДУ ХОЛОДНОЇ ВІЙНИ

The author proposes the overview of the ideas of Ukrainian nationalism after WWII on example of one of the nationalistic organizations, revolutionary or Bandera’s OUN. It is done through the analysis of three program documents published during the period from 1948 till 1968 with every time 10-years distance (two of them of S. Bandera’s authorship), which shows the ways of thinking of its leaders and points of institutional development of this organization. Ukrainian integral nationalism was formed as an ideology and found its institutionalization in the interwar period and in the context of time marked with spreading of authoritarianism and the idea of a strong national leader. During WWII the OUN and the UPA became the main power of the Ukrainian national resistance to the occupational regimes. But in the new political realities after WWII and in the situation of emigration the Ukrainian exile parties incl. nationalists were faced with the new ideological as well as organizational challenges and had to search for the new methods and attitudes to the struggle for Ukraine’s liberation. The key point for the formation of new ideas and political program became the resolutions and declarations of the Fourth Grate Meeting of the Bandera’s OUN in 1968, the first so important party’s assamble in the after war time. The views and ideas of J. Stetsko played a significant role on it, he appeared to be not only a participant of an international anticommunist movement, but also a political thinker who managed to integrate the nationalistic ideology with the new political realities and with the context of international policy of that time. In the questions of anticolonial discourse and anticommunist critic his theses corresponded to the most important ideas of the Cold War period and allowed to actualize the nationalistic ideas on their new stage of development.

Rehabilitation of Utopia as a Symptom of the Crisis of the Russian and Western Civilizations

The article discusses such a new phenomenon of modernity as the rehabilitation of utopia, which has not yet become widespread, but it is a serious symptom of the crisis of civilization in Russia and in the West. It is shown that attempts to rehabilitate utopia are associated with the situation of crisis, uncertainty, unpredictability caused by the ongoing transformations of the modern epoch. Under these conditions, the utopia is not only a reflection of the existing situation but also an opportunity for the formation of new ideas and the reduction of uncertainty. Many astute researchers in both the West and Russia demonstrate a positive attitude towards utopia, as they see the opportunities offered by utopia, especially in times of crisis. It is noted that in Russia there is a gradual overcoming of the negative attitude to utopia, which was associated with the collapsed socialist system. A summary history of utopia shows that utopia is a significant factor in history that accompanies the development of mankind throughout history. Despite this, in the earlier decades of the 20th century and the beginning of 21st century the “death of utopia” was declared, it was driven by ideological and political reasons and by globalization in general. Meanwhile, at present its importance is again actualized in relation to the complex international situation. Therefore, both in the West and in Russia there is a growing demand for the ideal concepts of the future of human existence in the form of utopia.