Formation Of Hydrogen Bond Network Research Articles

Highly Conducting and Ultra-Stretchable Wearable Ionic Liquid-Free Transducer for Wireless Monitoring of Physical Motions.

Wearable strain transducers are poised to transform the field of healthcare owing to the promise of personalized devices capable of real-time collection of human physiological health indicators. For instance, monitoring patients' progress following injury and/or surgery during physiotherapy is crucial but rarely performed outside clinics. Herein, multifunctional liquid-free ionic elastomers are designed through the volume effect and the formation of dynamic hydrogen bond networks between polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and weak acids (phosphoric acid, phytic acid, formic acid, citric acid). An ultra-stretchable (4600% strain), highly conducting (10 mScm-1), self-repairable (77% of initial strain), and adhesive ionic elastomer is obtained at high loadings of phytic acid (4:1 weight to PVA). Moreover, the elastomer displayed durable performances, with intact mechanical properties after a year of storage. The elastomer is used as a transducer to monitor human motions in a device comprising an ESP32-based development board. The device detected walking and/or running biomechanics and communicated motion-sensing data (i.e., amplitude, frequency) wirelessly. The reported technology can also be applied to other body parts to monitor recovery after injury and/or surgery and inform practitioners of motion biomechanics remotely and in real time to increase convalescence effectiveness, reduce clinic appointments, and prevent injuries.

A High-capacity Benzoquinone Derivative Anode for All-organic Long-cycle Aqueous Proton Batteries.

Quinone compounds, with the ability to uptake protons, are promising electrodes for aqueous batteries. However, their application is limited by the mediocre working potential range and inferior rate performance. Herein, we examined quinones bearing different substituents, and for the first time introduce tetraamino-1,4-benzoquinone (TABQ) as anode material for proton batteries. The strong electron-donating amino groups can effectively narrow the band gap and negatively shift the redox potentials of quinone material. The protonation of amino groups and the amorphization of structure result in the formation of an intermolecular hydrogen-bond network, supporting Grotthuss-type proton conduction in the electrode with a low activation energy of 192.7 meV. The energy storage mechanism revealed by operando FT-IR and ex-situ XPS features a reversible quinone-hydroquinone conversion during cycling. TABQ demonstrates a remarkable specific capacity of 307 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1, which is the highest among organic proton electrodes. An all-organic proton battery of TABQ//TCBQ has also been developed, achieving exceptional stability of 3500 cycles at room temperature and excellent performance at sub-zero temperatures.

Mechanisms determining water permeability and ion selectivity of multilayered glycine-functionalized graphene oxide membranes in saline water reverse osmosis processes: A computational investigation

Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics simulations were performed to examine in detail the mechanisms involved in a reverse osmosis process for the removal of monovalent (Na+, Cl−) and divalent (Mg2+) ions from saline water, using multilayered glycine-functionalized graphene oxide (GO) membranes. We varied parameters such as the degree of functionalization of the GO flakes and the structural flexibility of the membranes and examined their performance in a wide range of applied pressure gradients. In all models examined, water permeability was found to be almost 2 orders of magnitude larger compared to that in conventional reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. High structural flexibility of the membranes was found to increase water permeability due to the formation of additional nanochannels that favor faster water transport. Functionalization of the GO flakes by the glycinate groups resulted in a decrease in water permeability due to the formation of a denser hydrogen-bonding network within the membranes. Three main mechanisms were identified regarding ion selectivity. Due to the overall negative charge of the membranes, the strong adsorption of the Mg2+ ions onto the GO flakes resulted in their full rejection. Weaker adsorption of the Na+ ions led only to their partial rejection. At the same time, the electrostatic repulsion of the Cl− ions by the membranes was found to result in almost full removal levels at high pressure gradients. The rejection of the monovalent ions was found to decrease with the structural flexibility of the membranes and increase with the functionalization of the GO flakes, in response to the changes observed in water permeability on these membrane modifications. The pressure-dependent deformability of the structurally flexible membranes combined with charge accumulation close to the membrane's entrance, resulted in a non-monotonic dependence of the monovalent ion rejection on the applied pressure difference.

Preparation of a colorimetric hydrogel indicator reinforced with modified aramid nanofiber employing natural anthocyanin to monitor shrimp freshness.

The pH-responsive hydrogels have potential applications in food visualization detection, but their fragile mechanical properties limit their applicability. The excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability of aramid nanofibers (ANFs) can improve the structural stability of hydrogels. In this study, the surface properties of ANFs were enhanced through modification to improve their surface activity. The modified ANFs, designated as ANF-SN, were produced following treatment with a mixture of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and nitric acid (HNO3), which led to increased reactivity and dispersibility of the ANFs due to the proliferation of active groups on their nanofiber surface. The preferred anthocyanin extract from purple sweet potatoes (purple sweet potato extract [PSPE]) had significant color responses to pH (2-12) and ammonia vapor. A stable dual-network colorimetric hydrogel was fabricated by combining ANF-SN, polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate (PVA/SA), and PSPE through a two-step method (freeze-thawing and staining). Characterization analysis showed that the strong acid modification of ANFs effectively improved their chemical reactivity. ANF-SN was better than ANF in promoting the formation of hydrogen bond networks, enhancing hydrogel network structures, and improving the viscoelasticity of hydrogels. The optimal hydrogel indicator PVA/SA/ANF-SN/PSPE had good color responsiveness and sensitivity to ammonia. It can also be used to further determine shrimp freshness value using a smartphone and RGB color-picking software.

Nontrivial effects of geometric and charge defects on one-dimensional confined water

Water confined within nanochannels with specific functionalities serves as the foundation for a variety of emerging nanofluidic applications. However, the structure and dynamics of the confined liquid are susceptibly influenced by practically hard-to-avoid defects, yet knowledge of this fact remains largely unexplored. Here, using extensive molecular dynamics simulations, we elucidate the significant influence of geometric and charge defects on one-dimensional confined water. We show that the two types of defects can both reshape the water density distribution by constraining the translocation of water molecules along the circumferential direction. In addition to structural alterations, collective translocation and rotation of water slabs arise during transportation under external pressure. Below the temperature threshold marking the initiation of liquid-solid transition, the geometric defect retards water diffusion through a pinning effect, while the charge defect induces an anti-freezing effect. The latter is attributed to the electrostatic interaction between the charge defect and water molecules that hinders the formation of a stable hydrogen bond network by disrupting molecular dipole orientation. Consequently, this behavior results in a reduction in the number and lifetime of hydrogen bonds within the phase transition interval. The distinct roles of the two types of defects could be utilized to control the structure and dynamics of confined liquids that may result in distinct functionalities for nanofluidic applications.

Elucidating the dynamics behavior of PFASs at the water and hydrophobic low-melting mixture solvents interphase

In this work, we studied the interphase dynamics of hydrophobic low-melting mixture solvents (LoMMSs) for the advanced remediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in wastewater systems by using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We showed the interaction between widely prevalent PFAS-specifically perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and an innovative LoMMS composed of cineole (CIN) and linoleic acid (LNA) at equimolar ratios. Our investigations reveal that the interphase diffusion of PFASs through the LoMMS is a multi-stage process involving diffusion, interface sorption, and subsequent migration into the bulk aqueous phase. The simulations underscore a robust affinity between the PFASs molecules and the LoMMS, with the displacement of PFASs from the water interface marked by the formation of complex hydrogen-bonded networks. This intricate interplay results in a significant reorganization of water molecules, leading to potential clustering at the interface and compression of the fluid phase. These findings not only substantiate the efficacy of LoMMSs in PFASs extraction but also highlight the need to account for competitive interactions at the water interface, which could impede the absorption kinetics. By providing a detailed molecular-level narrative of the interphase capture phenomena, this study paves the way for designing efficient, low-toxicity LoMMS-based systems for the targeted removal of PFASs from contaminated water sources.

Exploring structures of small anionic nickel-ethanol clusters with infrared spectroscopy.

Small anionic nickel clusters with ethanol are investigated with a combination of mass-selective infrared photodissociation spectroscopy in a molecular beam and density functional theory simulations at the BLYP/6-311g(d,p) and TPSSh/def2-TZVPP level. In this context, the O-H stretching vibration of the ethanol is analyzed to obtain information about the structural motif, the geometry of the metal core, and the spin state of the clusters. For the [Ni2(EtOH)]- and [Ni3(EtOH)]- clusters, we assign quartet states of motifs with a hydrogen bond from the ethanol to the linear nickel core. The aggregation of a further ethanol molecule, yielding the [Ni3(EtOH)2]- cluster, results in the formation of a cooperative hydrogen bond network between the nickel core and the two ethanol molecules.

Local number fluctuations in ordered and disordered phases of water across temperatures: Higher-order moments and degrees of tetrahedrality.

The isothermal compressibility (i.e., related to the asymptotic number variance) of equilibrium liquid water as a function of temperature is minimal under near-ambient conditions. This anomalous non-monotonic temperature dependence is due to a balance between thermal fluctuations and the formation of tetrahedral hydrogen-bond networks. Since tetrahedrality is a many-body property, it will also influence the higher-order moments of density fluctuations, including the skewness and kurtosis. To gain a more complete picture, we examine these higher-order moments that encapsulate many-body correlations using a recently developed, advanced platform for local density fluctuations. We study an extensive set of simulated phases of water across a range of temperatures (80-1600K) with various degrees of tetrahedrality, including ice phases, equilibrium liquid water, supercritical water, and disordered nonequilibrium quenches. We find clear signatures of tetrahedrality in the higher-order moments, including the skewness and excess kurtosis, which scale for all cases with the degree of tetrahedrality. More importantly, this scaling behavior leads to non-monotonic temperature dependencies in the higher-order moments for both equilibrium and non-equilibrium phases. Specifically, under near-ambient conditions, the higher-order moments vanish most rapidly for large length scales, and the distribution quickly converges to a Gaussian in our metric. However, under non-ambient conditions, higher-order moments vanish more slowly and hence become more relevant, especially for improving information-theoretic approximations of hydrophobic solubility. The temperature non-monotonicity that we observe in the full distribution across length scales could shed light on water's nested anomalies, i.e., reveal new links between structural, dynamic, and thermodynamic anomalies.

An amino acid ionic liquid-based biphasic solvent with low viscosity, small rich-phase volume, and high CO2 loading rate for efficient CO2 capture

In order to achieve efficient CO2 capture, a novel biphasic solvent based on diethylenetriamine serine ionic liquid/polyethylene glycol dimethyl ether/water ([DETA][SER]/NHD/H2O) was developed. This study achieved low viscosity by weakening the hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions within the pure ionic liquid (IL) by adding NHD and H2O to [DETA][SER]. Additionally, due to the low polarity and fewer hydrogen bonds formed by NHD, it is separated. The formation of a tight hydrogen bond network in the rich-phase after the reaction enables the enrichment of the product. Based on this, the optimal mass ratio of [DETA][SER]/NHD/H2O is determined to be 20 wt%/40 wt%/40 wt%. The viscosity of this solvent is 7.82 mPa·s, with a total absorption load of 1.26 mol·mol−1 IL, where the rich-phase load accounts for 99 % of the total load and occupies only 37 % of the volume. The mechanism of CO2 capture was investigated using 13C NMR, revealing the formation of zwitterions from the reaction of the primary amines on [DETA]+ and [SER]− with CO2. Subsequently, proton transfer and hydrolysis of the carbamate esters were observed. Notably, NHD was found to promote phase separation without participating in chemical reactions. These findings demonstrate the potential of this biphasic solvent system as a high-capacity solution for CO2 capture.

Activating and Identifying the Active Site of RuS2 for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Electrocatalysis.

Searching for highly efficient and economical electrocatalysts for alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) is crucial for the development of alkaline polymer membrane fuel cells. Here, we report a valid strategy to active pyrite-type RuS2 for alkaline HOR electrocatalysis by introducing sulfur vacancies. The obtained S-vacancies modified RuS2-x exhibits outperformed HOR activity with a current density of 0.676 mA cm-2 and mass activity of 1.43 mA μg-1, which are 15-fold and 40-fold improvement than those of Ru catalyst. In situ Raman spectra demonstrate the formation of S-H bond during the HOR process, identifying the S atom of RuS2-x is the real active site for HOR catalysis. Density functional theory calculations and experimental results including in situ surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy suggest the introduction of S vacancies can rationally modify the p orbital of S atoms, leading to enhanced binding strength between the S sites and H atoms on the surface of RuS2-x, together with the promoted connectivity of hydrogen-bonding network and lowered water formation energy, contributes to the enhanced HOR performance.

Reversible phase separation of CO2 responsive microemulsion: Judgment on whether and how regulated by ratio of ion to responsive surfactant concentration

CO2 responsive microemulsion is a promising solvent with diverse applications in various fields including oil exploitation, material synthesis, and metal recovery. The implementation of reversible phase separation becomes important in enabling the reuses of CO2 responsive microemulsion and facilitating the separation of products in these applications. Earlier reports have established that changes in ion concentration within CO2 responsive microemulsion result in reversible phase separation. Ion in CO2 responsive microemulsion is derived from protonation of CO2 responsive substance which is commonly used as surfactant. An increase in ion concentration leads to a decrease in surfactant concentration. In microemulsion, adsorption of surfactants and ions at the oil–water interface is correlated with interface performance, which influence the ability to achieve efficient phase separation. Interfacial tension (IFT) is an important parameter for interface performance. In this work, ratio of ion to CO2 responsive surfactant concentration was defined as ∮. The relationship between IFT and ∮ was investigated through a combination of experiments and molecular dynamic simulation to explore mechanism of reversible phase separation. The results of present study indicated that ∮ was found to play a vital role in either inhibiting or promoting the formation of hydrogen bond network by hydrophilic groups in surfactants. The changes of hydrogen bond network resulted in increase or decrease in IFT, leading to reversible phase separation. This relationship between IFT and ∮ was used as a theoretical guidance to optimize N2/CO2 bubbling time to achieve reversible phase separation. The optimization improved the efficiency of CO2 responsive microemulsion in extracting active components from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch. leaves, and enhanced sustainability of the microemulsion. The findings of this study could be used to advance the scientific understanding of reversible phase separation, offering theoretical guidance for green and efficient utilization of CO2 responsive microemulsion in extraction of natural products. Ultimately these results could encourage the broader applications of CO2 responsive microemulsion across diverse fields.

On the Na+ transport and electrochemical stability window in NaTFSI:NMA deep eutectic solvent

Deep eutectic solvents (DES), such as the ▪:▪ (sodium bistrifluoromethane sulfonyl imide - N-methyl acetamide) system, have been considered as promising electrolytes for sodium-ion (▪) batteries. However, our current atomistic understanding of those systems is still in a state of evolution and remains incomplete. In this context, we combined classical force field molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations to enhance our atomistic understanding on the ▪ transport mechanisms, DES structure organization, hydrogen-bond network formation, and electrochemical stability windows (ESWs). Firstly, we obtained a substantial improvement in the description of the DES transport and structural properties using self-consistent MD/DFT calculations to assign effective charges on all atoms, while the remaining OPLS parameters were kept constant. From our analyses, an increasing in the ▪ mole fraction leads to different chemical environments, reflecting an electrolyte with larger aggregates, low conductivity, and high viscosity. The liquid structure seems to remain unchanged as a function of temperature. However, higher temperatures reduce the lifetime of ionic pairs and increase the mobility of ▪ ions. The disruption of the hydrogen-bonds formed between the ▪ species increases with the ▪ concentration. In addition, our periodic DFT calculations reveals the substitution of atomic sites from ▪ to ▪ during the reduction process. Furthermore, the ESW results provided evidence supporting the safeguarding of the solvent from degradation at higher salt concentrations.

Insights into the specific feature of the electrostatic recognition binding mechanism between BM2 and BM1: a molecular dynamics simulation study.

Matrix protein 2 (M2) and matrix protein 1 (M1) of the influenza B virus are two important proteins, and the interactions between BM2 and BM1 play an important role in the process of virus assembly and replication. However, the interaction details between BM2 and BM1 are still unclear at the atomic level. Here, we constructed the BM2-BM1 complex system using homology modelling and molecular docking methods. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to illustrate the binding mechanism between BM2 and BM1. The results identify that the eight polar residues (E88B, E89B, H119BM1, E94B, R101BM1, K102BM1, R105BM1, and E104B) play an important role in stabilizing the binding through the formation of hydrogen bond networks and salt-bridge interactions at the binding interface. Furthermore, based on the simulation results and the experimental facts, the mutation experiments were designed to verify the influence of the mutation of residues both within and outside the effector domain. The mutations directly or indirectly disrupt interactions between polar residues, thus affecting viral assembly and replication. The results could help us understand the details of the interactions between BM2 and BM1 and provide useful information for the anti-influenza drug design.

A new type of lanthanide-sodium metalloring organic framework featuring high proton conduction in a wide temperature range and detection of Fe3+ ions.

We present the design and synthesis of two novel isostructural metalloring organic frameworks (MROFs) {[(Me2NH2)1.25(H3O)4.25Na1.5X2(μ2-OH)(H2O)(SIP)4]n·xsol} (FUT-2-X, X = Eu and Sm), which are composed of the sulfonate-carboxylate ligand 5-sulfoisophthalic acid monosodium salt (NaH2SIP) and an unprecedented lanthanide-sodium metalloring [X4Na4(H2O)(SIP)2, X = Eu and Sm]. The two MROFs possess channel walls decorated with uncoordinated sulfonic acid groups and filled with abundant guest molecules residing within the framework, which support the proton conductivity of the materials by expanding the intermolecular hydrogen bonding network. FUT-2-Eu exhibits exceptional proton conductivity over a wide temperature range, achieving conductivity from 1.91 × 10-5 S cm-1 (-40 °C) to 2.65 × 10-3 S cm-1 (90 °C). Thanks to the dominant role of the additional guest H2O molecules in FUT-2-Eu's channels, which facilitate the formation of hydrogen-bonded networks for ultra-fast proton transfer with low energy barriers, FUT-2-Eu outperforms FUT-2-Sm in both the operating temperature range and proton conductivity. It is worth noting that FUT-2-Eu has the widest operating temperature range among proton conduction MROF materials. Furthermore, FUT-2-Eu can be considered as an excellent luminescence sensor with high sensitivity (KSV = 1.66 × 104 L mol-1) and a low detection limit (3.64 μM) for detecting Fe3+.

Silk nanofibrous scaffolds assembled by natural polysaccharide konjac glucomannan

AbstractNatural silk fibroin nanofibers (SNF) have recently attracted great attention in the field of biomaterials due to their excellent biocompatibility, outstanding mechanical properties, and biomimetic nanostructures. However, the poor structural stability of SNF assembly in aqueous conditions remains a major obstacle to their biomedical application. In this work, SNF scaffolds with extracellular matrix‐mimicking architecture and tunable properties were developed by using a small amount of konjac glucomannan (KGM) as a physical adhesive. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results revealed that KGM facilitated the formation of hydrogen bond networks between SNF as well as nanofibers/polysaccharide molecules, thereby reinforcing the interconnectivity between SNF. The water stability test showed that SNF scaffolds exhibited good structural stability in water when the mass ratio of KGM/SNF reached 2.5/100. Raising KGM content significantly enhanced the compression strength, modulus, and swelling ratio of the porous scaffold. Whereas, the nanofibrous morphology and porosity of the scaffolds were significantly sacrificed as KGM content exceeded 10% as evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results. In vitro, cytocompatibility results also demonstrated the excellent biocompatibility of the biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds, and the high porosity significantly enhanced cell viability. These results suggest that KGM‐reinforced SNF scaffolds may serve as promising candidates for biomaterial applications.

Unravelling hydrogen bond network in methanol-propanol mixtures via molecular dynamics simulation and experimental techniques

ABSTRACT Hydrogen-bonded networks in 1-propanol-methanol binary mixture are studied using molecular dynamics simulation along with experimental techniques (FTIR, dielectric spectroscopy and refractive index measurements) for the entire concentration range. The structure of hydrogen-bonded networks is studied through radial distribution function, hydrogen bond statistics and graph theoretical analysis from molecular dynamics. It is observed that the probability of hydrogen bonding is maximum in methanol molecules followed by hydrogen bonding between methanol and 1-propanol molecules and minimum among 1-propanol molecules, as the concentration changes. The graph theory results show the formation of linear chain hydrogen bond networks, with no caged structures, which is validated from the experimental results. Further, the deconvolution of the FTIR OH peak suggests the presence of linear multimers in all concentrations of the binary system. Average degree of the hydrogen-bonded networks from graph theory indicates a complex networks among pure alcohols and dimers between methanol and 1-propanol in their binary mixtures at all concentrations. The negative values of excess permittivity indicate that the components of the mixture interact in a manner such that the net dipole polarisation decreases.

Elucidating the water-anatase TiO2(101) interface structure using infrared signatures and molecular dynamics.

The structure and dynamics of water on solid surfaces critically affect the chemistry of materials in ambient and aqueous environments. Here, we investigate the hydrogen bonding network of water adsorbed on the majority (101) surface of anatase TiO2, a widely used photocatalyst, using polarization- and azimuth-resolved infrared spectroscopy combined with neural network potential molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show that one monolayer of water saturates the undercoordinated titanium (Ti5c) sites, forming one-dimensional chains of molecule hydrogen bonded to surface undercoordinated bridging oxygen (O2c) atoms. As the coverage increases, water adsorption on O2c sites leads to significant restructuring of the water monolayer and the formation of a two-dimensional hydrogen bond network characterized by tightly bound pairs of water molecules on adjacent Ti5c and O2c sites. This structural motif likely persists at ambient conditions, influencing the reactions occurring there. The results reported here provide critical details of the structure of the water-anatase (101) interface that were previously hypothesized but unconfirmed experimentally.

Hydrogen bonding network formation in epoxidized natural rubber

Hydrogen bonding network formation in epoxidized natural rubber

Hierarchically porous MOFs self-supporting copolymers for ultrafast transport and precise recognition of flavonoids: A triple interfacial crosslinking strategy based on microreactors

The main obstacles of recognition of flavoniods are low concentration and complexity of extract wastewater solutions. The structural and stability limitation of the sorbents is the significant reason for the difficulty in increasing the adsorption amount in the separation system. Hereon, a novel hierarchical-pore boronic acid-functionalized-MOFs based on macroporous organo/hydro copolymers (CPs@H-UiO-66-NH2@BA) were firstly fabricated through the triple sacrificial cross-linking strategy, which allowed the formation of multiple hydrogen bond networks (i.e. main crosslinked networks and weak crosslinked networks) at oil–water interface. Noticeably, the MOFs with polymer chain entanglement effects as a physical sacrificial cross-linking network, significantly enhancing the mechanical properties. The maximum equilibrium binding capacity of CPs@H-UiO-66-NH2@BA was 40.93 µmol g−1 for NRG at 308 K. Furthermore, it also showed superior regeneration capacity capability (only 7.81% loss) after six cycles. Meanwhile, they had a stronger selectivity towards NRG. It can effectively purify the low purity of the actual sample ground to 92.68%. It is anticipated that in-situ the introduction of nanoboronic-functionalized MOFs construction into copolymers would hold great promise in the selective capture of target flavonoids in actual samples.

Electrochemical capacitor in aqueous electrolyte with long lifespan improved by hydrogen bond donor addition

In the electrochemical capacitors (ECs) operating with aqueous electrolytes, corrosion of the current collector is one of critical issues that affects the cycling life, efficiency, and capacitance of the devices. So far, there are no stable metal current collectors in the water-based electrolyte because of its corrosive nature, even if the pH is close to neutral. Here, urea (CH4N2O) is used as an anticorrosive, green additive to 1 M lithium sulfate electrolyte for low-cost electrochemical capacitors based on carbon BP2000 electrodes. In this work, the corrosion study of stainless steel in the presence of such amide demonstrates an effective corrosion-inhibiting character owing to the urea interaction with water in the hydrogen-bonded network. Chemical stability of current collectors owing to a significant 10-fold decrease of the corrosion current and shift of the corrosion potential into negative side has been achieved when 2 M urea, i.e., hydrogen-bond donor (HBD) is added to electrolyte. Furthermore, the addition of this organic compound improves the capacitive performance of the system and prevents the fading of the device with no influence on the electrolyte conductivity. During the floating test of EC at 1.6 V operating in 1 M Li2SO4 with 2 M urea, the capacitance and resistance values keep the end-of-life criteria for over 350 h. Moreover, the galvanostatic investigation of such EC (at 1 A/g) displays performance of more than 60000 cycles. Furthermore, operando experiments proved that carbon-based electrodes behave differently in lithium sulfate with urea and without additive owing to the formation of strong hydrogen bond network. The molecular structure of electrolyte has been estimated by DFT calculations. Overall, by using lithium sulfate and urea as an electrolytic system, the EC current collector has not only superior corrosion resistance against the aqueous electrolyte but also a high anti-ageing character at 1.6 V, which is favorable to improve the EC electrochemical performance. The use of urea as a stable, cheap electrolyte additive provides an innovative technique to enhance the performance of low-cost aqueous based supercapacitors.