Hybrid Form Research Articles

Sustainability in magnetic metal-carbon nanocomposites: A comprehensive review of manufacturing, characterization, and applications

Magnetic metal-carbon nanocomposites (MMCN) are emerging as sustainable materials, consisting of magnetic metals or alloys and carbon-based materials like CNT, graphene (Gr), carbon fiber (CF), and activated carbon. These materials possess unique magnetic properties that depend on various factors, such as preparation conditions, metal content, and phase composition. Incorporating carbon-based materials into magnetic metals has been observed to enhance their magnetic properties, including magnetic strength and moment. Researchers employ a range of tests to characterize these materials, such as FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, BET, and VSM. Carbon-based materials such as CNT, graphene, etc., have been used as filler materials to reinforce the metal matrix because of their sustainability, tendency to integrate, and low cost. Further, they enhance the tribological performance and mechanical strength, provide corrosion resistance and improve electrical and thermal properties. Additionally, the addition of filler magnetic material in single or hybrid form into the carbon matrix increases the scope of application of MMCN. These composites are widely used in the application of biomedical, semiconductors, tribology, fuel cells, etc. In the present study, a comprehensive review has been carried out to provide a view of the fabrication aspect of the MMNC and to understand the role of the reinforcement method used to fabricate the composites. Finally, it covers different uses of the MMCN, which can lead to an eco-friendly environment.

A Legendre spectral method based on a hybrid format and its error estimation for fourth-order eigenvalue problems

<abstract><p>In this paper, we developed and studied an efficient Legendre spectral method for fourth order eigenvalue problems with the boundary conditions of a simply supported plate. Initially, a new variational formulation based on a hybrid format and its discrete variational form were established. We then employed the spectral theory of complete continuous operators to establish the prior error estimates of the approximate solutions. By integrating approximation results of some orthogonal projection operators in weighted Sobolev spaces, we further gave the error estimation for the approximating eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. In addition, we developed an effective set of basis functions by utilizing the orthogonal properties of Legendre polynomials, and subsequently derived the matrix eigenvalue system of the discrete variational form for both two-dimensional and three-dimensional cases, based on a tensor product. Finally, numerical examples were provided to demonstrate the exponential convergence and efficiency of the algorithm.</p></abstract>

Академич Н.Содномын мэндэлсний 100 жилийн ойд зориулсан “Рентген шинжилгээ” олон улсын эрдэм шинжилгээний зургаадугаар хурал

The Nuclear Research Center organized the sixth international conference on "X-ray Analysis" on August 28-30, 2023. The conference took place in a hybrid format, combining in-person and virtually. More than 60 scientists from Mongolia, Russia, Japan, the USA, Spain, Italy, India, and Argentina participated in the conference. The conference featured 24 oral presentations and 14 poster presentations covering both fundamental and applied research. These presentations delved into the latest developments in X-ray analysis, current trends, theoretical and methodological calculations, as well as applications in the fields of environment, geology, mining, substance structure, and radiation processing. This review article provides a summary of the significant and interesting presentations delivered at the conference

Orthopaedic Journal Clubs are More Effective with Variety and Debates

Objective: To analyze the opinions of orthopaedic surgery faculty and residents on thecharacteristics that improve journal club effectiveness, engagement, and value.
 Design: Journal club series with 10 monthly meetings at a single ACGME orthopaedic surgeryresidency program during the 2022-2023 academic year with variable formats based onleadership style, themes, types and number of articles, and debates.
 Setting: Single ACGME orthopaedic surgery residency program.
 Participants: Sixteen faculty surgeons and 25 residents participated in the journal club seriesand 37 individuals completed the survey with 14 faculty surgeons and 23 residents.
 Intervention: A 12-question anonymous survey and free text section at the conclusion of theseries
 Main Outcome Measurements: Survey responses regarding effective attributes of journal clubmeetings, primarily use of debates and secondarily leadership style.
 Results: Faculty ranked a hybrid format (71%) with resident presentations and debates (86%)first. Residents were relatively more divided and overall ranked a hybrid format (52%) withattending presentations and debates (56%) first. Both faculty and residents ranked a debate orhybrid format among the top three formats (69 vs. 77%). Within the program, a debate or hybridformat was ranked first by 65% of respondents and among the top three formats by 74%.Conclusion: Faculty preferred that residents lead and present articles or debate topics whileapproximately half of residents preferred that faculty debate. The optimal journal club seriescombines multiple components and can be improved with variety, debates, and continuedopportunity for residents to demonstrate critical appraisal of how articles influence practice.
 Key Words: journal club, debate, ACGME, residency
 Level of Evidence: III, cohort

The Invasion of Ukraine, the Quest for a Multipolar World, and Russia's Civilizational Appeal to the Global South

AbstractScholars in this forum analyze how major nations in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America have reacted to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Why have China, South Africa, Turkey, India, Brazil, Mexico, Indonesia, and even Saudi Arabia among others failed to condemn the brutal Russian invasion and have continued to trade with Russia? Are these initiatives simply a replay of the Non-Aligned Movement of the Cold War Era or do they mark a substantial new reorientation in world politics? This forum appears in a hybrid format; two essays by Thomas Loyd and Katherine Stoner appear here in print. In addition, there is an online forum at https://aseees.org/slavicreview/discussion/ukraine-war-global-south/ featuring short contributions from David Engerman and Sandeep Bhardwaj on India, Chia Yin Hsu on China, Mark Katz on the Middle East, and, Daniela Secches on Brazil.

Development of a strategy for the expansion of online teaching at the University of Würzburg based on the experiences of lecturers and students in the pandemic years 2020/21.

Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, the summer of 2020 saw face-to-face teaching replaced by online teaching. The question arose as to how digitalisation may be implemented meaningfully. The views of lecturers and students on past online programmes were gathered in order to identify potential and future prospects. An exploratory, guidelines-based interview study was conducted during the clinical phase of the medicine degree at the Faculty of Medicine in Würzburg. Five lecturers and five students were interviewed in the winter semester of 2020/21. This was followed by a content analysis evaluation according to Kuckartz, with the help of MAXQDA. Online teaching offers more flexibility and security for the future. Hybrid formats (e.g., blended learning) are in demand. While theoretical knowledge can be taught online, face-to-face teaching remains essential in practical training. Digital elements must be developed didactically and anchored in the curriculum. Interaction and direct feedback between students and lecturers are key aspects of this. Online teaching in medicine offers numerous potentials and didactic design options that can improve the degree programme in a competency-based manner. Combined teaching formats are particularly effective in this regard. Fittingly conceived, multimedia teaching formats enable students to approach their studies in a focused manner. The points raised during the interviews correspond with the fundamental principles of the ARCS model, which was developed to strengthen continuous motivation in students. Well-thought-out design and integration of online teaching can contribute to attractive, efficient, and future-oriented teaching/learning activities. Decisive factors are the collaboration of everyone involved and adequate provision of both time and financial resources.

Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19): Lessons Learned Impact on the Education of Health Professionals.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) had a tremendous impact on the education of health professionals globally because of the lack of continuity in the medical education process. After it was declared a pandemic, stay-at-home orders forced students to learn virtually, to mitigate the spread of infection. While didactic courses transitioned easily to a virtual format, using platforms like Webex, Zoom, Google Classroom, etc. preclinical and clinical teaching suffered immensely. Patient care was halted for the safety of the patients, students and faculty, and staff involved. Uncertainty about clinical care and isolation during quarantine due to infections caused poor mental health among students. Most health professions innovated their teaching with simulations, role-play, educational videos, etc. but dental education suffered due to the need for psychomotor skill development. As the COVID-19 protocols evolved, and vaccinations became available, the teaching slowly transformed to Flipped Classrooms, Blended Learning, and Hybrid formats, and patient care was allowed with screening, triaging, and testing before scheduling for aerosol-causing procedures in dentistry. This new normal was accepted and silver linings in the pedagogies were appreciated by faculty and institutions alike as outcomes were analyzed. This chapter examines lessons learned on pandemic awareness, effective teaching pedagogies, and challenges of health professionals. An analysis of the lessons based on the framework of the Community of Inquiry is provided as guidelines to educate Gen Z for the future.

Triphenyl borates used to avoid the bay-position halogenation of boron subnaphthalocyanines; and for the subnaphthalocyanine, subphthalocyanine and hybrids formation

Avoiding the random bay-position halogenation of boron subnapthalocyanines and to balance of Lewis's acidity and basicity to enable the formation.

General Synod of the Scottish Episcopal Church

The General Synod of the Scottish Episcopal Church (SEC) met from 7 to 9 June 2023. The meeting was held in hybrid format, with most members attending in person and a small number online.

Закономерности формирования урожайности сортов и гибридов свеклы столовой в условиях Приамурья

The article presents the results of testing of table beet varieties and hybrids in the fields of farm private enterprise “S.E.V.” (Blagoveshchensk district, Amur region) in 2015–2017. It was shown that the growing season of varieties and hybrids depended on the conditions of the year by 11.3% and on the genotype by 4.3% to 10.3%, and the yield by 26.05% to 49.69% and 16.12% to 17.69%, respectively. The correlation between yield and growing season is inverse mean r = –0.659. Yield structure analysis showed that the yield of marketable root crops depended on their weight and number per unit area. Statistical analysis showed a direct mean correlation between the yield and the mass of marketable root crops r = 0.568 and an inverse strong correlation r = –0.728 between the yield and the number of root crops. The data obtained indicated a high productivity potential for the Bordo 237 varieties and the Tseppo F1 hybrid, with average yields ranging from 33.39 t/ha to 37.59 t/ha. All varieties and the hybrid have high yields of marketable root crops and good taste. Earlier varieties accumulate more nitrate in root crops, and hybrids of foreign selection have more nitrate than domestic ones.

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

Effective protocol for rice phenotyping based on grain quality: Ranking of rice samples from a segregating BC2 population

The physical properties of rice backcross samples were studied in connection with the development of an effective breeding methodology for creating rice genotypes based on an accelerated breeding process. The purpose of the research was to study the traits of size, vitreousity, and fracturing of samples of the segregating population of BC2 reseedings from the 2022 and 2023 yield. As part of the program for developing varieties based on the use of modern post-genomic and cellular technologies, BC2 samples were used; as parent forms – samples of the USI “Collection of Federal Scientific Rice Centre” of various groups according to the shape of the grain. The crop was grown in artificial climate chambers under controlled conditions of light and air temperature and on the growing site of Federal Scientific Rice Centre. In the study, white grain samples from the segregating BC2 population were isolated for large-scale genotyping. The cultivation of parental forms for hybridization and the crossing process were carried out in artificial climate chambers. Hybridizations were performed using pneumocastration, which included cutting off the flower scales by 1/3 and then removing the anthers using a vacuum compressor. White grain BC2 samples were isolated for research. Seeds were sown on the growing area in containers with 6 kg of soil and Pryanishnikov’s mixture as the main fertilizer. After ripening, the seeds were manually harvested. Plant phenotyping of experimental populations was carried out basing on grain quality traits using certified equipment in accordance with the instructions for the devices and GOST standards. For 15 combinations, samples with the best characteristics of grain quality were selected. In connection with the indicators of physical grain quality traits, BC2 samples were classified into three groups with indicators for each trait: high, medium, low.

ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ТЕОРИИ И ПРАКТИКИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РАЗВИТИЕМ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

The article considers the evolution of the theory and practice of managing the development of higher education organizations. The system of continuous education in Russia was formed in the 19th century, which is associated with the publication of the manifesto of Alexander I on the establishment of the Ministry of Public Education of the Russian Empire in 1802. Until that time, there was no separate body to manage the entire system of Russian education. To assess the development potential, the characteristics of innovative activities, human resources and information support for management are used. Assessing the development potential of an educational organization of higher education in the context of changes is one of the elements of the methodological basis for the formation of change modeling programs aimed at improving the sustainability of higher education institutions. Considering the problems of higher education management in the context of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic, they offer a number of recommendations for adapting the university management system to the new conditions. They note that the crisis creates the need to switch to distance learning and develop new management models. The authors also believe that in the near future, many universities will switch to online learning, which will require the development of digital platforms and improving the digital competence of teachers. The authors also note that contact learning will become more elite and individual, and that blended and hybrid forms of learning will also be possible.

Эволюция нормативно-правовых аспектов в сфере борьбы с молодежной безработицей в России

Some periods of the country’s social-economic development require the state to use a flexible approach to vulnerable categories in the labor market. That is why the labor market is the first to respond to the crisis processes which immediately affect the workers without experience, with a minimal work experience, and with insufficient professional competences. The youth category is, on the one hand, vulnerable, but, on the other hand, it is the group that most rapidly adapts to changing conditions. The state provides the young people’s socialization in employment through legislation, programs and other normative-legal acts in the field of employment. They are a “frame” to the values, motivation and actions of the youth in case of crises; otherwise, an increase in youth unemployment, informal employment, care in the informal sector is observed, yet contributing to the growth of initiatives to develop leadership and professional qualities. For the period from the 1990s to the present, key regulatory documents in the field of employment aimed at combating unemployment were analyzed, and also the characteristics and features of individual stages of development of the labor market in Russia, shortcomings and required changes in the legal field of youth employment were identified. Taking into account economic, social, and political events taking place in the country, five evolutionary stages in the development of the regulatory framework in the field of regulation of youth employment were identified. The first stage is 1990–1999, which is characterized by the formation of youth policy and the implementation of attempts to strengthen the position of the youth in the labor market. The second stage, 2000–2008, is associated with building a regulatory framework in the field of employment in the country, including the youth. The third stage is 2009–2013, when the basic legal framework in the field of employment was created and specialized documentation for young people in the field of supporting entrepreneurship, project development, etc. was beginning to be formed. The fourth period is 2014–2021. Its beginning saw an economic crisis, and the period is characterized not so much by an increase in unemployment among young people in comparison with the consequences of the 2008 crisis, but by a decreasing in income and a general decline in the population’s level and quality of life. The current fifth stage covers the period from 2021 and is currently ongoing; it is marked by a number of changes in the field of employment, active restructuring of the labor market, intensified measures to support young people, especially teenagers, strengthened career guidance activities, changes in the age limits for classifying the population as “youth” at the legislative level. The legal framework contains a significant number of innovations related to hybrid forms of employment, the introduction of labor market monitoring, forecasts and elimination of imbalances in certain sectors of the employment sector.

The promise and performance of data ecosystems: Australia’s COVID-19 response

Ecosystem metaphors are increasingly used to describe complex business and civil society relationships. This article argues that the rise of ecosystem thinking in public policy and administration represents a new, radically decentred model of policy action. It focuses on ecosystems of data-driven modelling and experts who use government public health data. This study presents a conceptual framework that suggests effective data ecosystems undergo organic adaptation, display institutional leadership, and respond instrumentally to policymakers’ information needs. It examines how Australia’s infectious disease data ecosystem performed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. In-depth interviews with data experts involved in infectious disease modelling in Australia revealed trade-offs within and between organic, institutional and instrumental dimensions, which COVID-19 exacerbated. The article concludes that data ecosystems represent a hybrid form of policymaking in practice and that tensions must be managed to maximise the contributions of data ecosystems to facilitate evidence-informed decision-making.

Evaluation of the effect of the sorbed probiotic preparation “Ecoflor” on the cellular immunity factors of the Russian-Lena sturgeon

This article presents the results of using the sorbed probiotic preparation “Ecoflor” when growing hybrid forms of sturgeon fish. It was established that when using a probiotic-enterosorbent, the peripheral blood of the Russian-Lena sturgeon was lymphoid in nature. The level of lymphocytes in the blood of fish from the experimental groups increased to 78.50%, the proportion of band neutrophils increased to 8.80%, and segmented neutrophils – to 4.66%. It should be noted that the use of the probiotic contributed to a decrease in eosinophils (1.15%) and blast cells (4.50%). The leukocyte shift index in the blood of fish from the experimental groups did not exceed 0.32 and was within the reference values.

USE OF THE rpl32-trnL REGION OF THE CHLOROPLAST GENOME IN THE MOLECULAR TAXONOMY OF HERACLEUM SPECIES

In recent decades, the invasion of alien plant species has acquired the status of one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. Invasive plants can not only displace native species but also transform ecosystems, which leads to more global negative consequences. An additional danger is the hybridization of invasive species with closely related native plants, which can contribute to the emergence of more aggressive invasive forms. The territory of Ukraine is also actively colonized by alien plants, among which the group of giant borschts (Heracleum, Apiaceae) attracts special attention. In addition to the impact on ecosystems, these plants are dangerous for people, because they can cause photochemical burns when in contact with the skin. For one of the species of this group, namely H. mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier, the possibility of hybridization with the aboriginal European species H. sphondylium L. However, both parental species and potential hybrid forms from the territory of Ukraine remain unexplored using molecular genetic methods. In this work, for the first time, we amplified and sequenced the spacer region of the chloroplast genome between the rpl32 and trnL genes for samples of H. mantegazzianum and H. sphondylium. The obtained sequences were compared with each other and with rpl32-trnL sequences available in the GenBank database for other species of the genus Heracleum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the use of the rpl32-trnL region allows dividing all species of the genus into two main groups, one of which includes H. mantegazzianum and H. sphondylium Thus, the rpl32-trnL site can be successfully used for molecular identification of Ukrainian representatives of the genus Heracleum, as well as for determining the direction of hybridization for potential hybrid forms between the invasive species H. mantegazzianum and the native representative of the Ukrainian flora H. sphondylium. Key words: bioinformatic analysis, genetic polymorphism, molecular markers, molecular genomics, rpl32-trnL intergenic spacer, interspecific hybridization, Heracleum, Apiaceae.

Fundamental jurisprudence as a strategic basis for national legal leadership

The current stage of historical development is characterized by the tendency of an increasing value and ideological crisis, directly related to the crisis of legal understanding, spiritual, moral, civilizational and cultural disorientation of jurisprudence. The unifying humanity and the legal values it has suffered have been shaken by the policy of single-vector globalization, which has called into question national identity and the primordial possibility of peoples to self-determination. The methods of dictate, unilateral sanctions, and hybrid forms of aggression that have entered into current international use, based on ideas about the exclusivity and dominance of a certain form of legal culture and civilization, destroy the sovereign equality of states, and have nothing to do with the laws of natural history development. The need to form a new global legal paradigm and substantiate the intrinsic value of domestic law as the normative embodiment of Russian civilization require the mobilization of domestic fundamental jurisprudence, which is currently experiencing a number of difficulties and is characterized by negative development trends. This concerns, in particular, the disclosure in our jurisprudence of the historical, civilizational and cultural factors of the Russian legal system, the development of the ideological and philosophical potential of the national legal heritage, the establishment of systematic work to update the methodology of legal cognition, taking into account fundamental changes in the world and in the national worldview, thematic and substantive consistency of research work with the priorities of state development. Increasing the role of fundamental disciplines in legal education and its constitutionalization, revealing the unity of the Russian state and law, the original foundations of our legal system, focusing on a predictive approach that allows us to form advanced models of legal regulation, coordinating the topics of scientific and legal research in accordance with national priorities — key areas in the field of fundamental jurisprudence.

Conservation of biodiversity of subtropical crops (Citrus L., Diospyros kaki L., and Feijoa sellowiana B.) in the collections of the Federal Research Center SSC of RAS

The article examines the biodiversity of subtropical plants in the collections of the Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Citrus L., Diospyros kaki L. and Feijoa sellowiana B.). Citrus fruits are represented by 144 taxa, persimmon – 27 varieties, feijoa – 13 specimens. The purpose of the study is to preserve biodiversity and replenish collections with new introduction and selection varieties. Collectible specimens are preserved alive and serve as the object of comprehensive research. Sources of economically valuable traits - early ripening, dwarfism, winter hardiness, early ripening, fruit size and productivity - have been identified and included in various breeding programs for the creation and improvement of varieties. As a result of hybridization, a diverse range of hybrid forms was obtained, including 350 forms. Two forms of Feijoa sellowiana (SHW-1: 13-11), two hybrids of C. paradise (GA-1; G-A-2) and four forms of Diospyros kaki are currently being tested. In 2023, the biodiversity of the collections was replenished with four new varieties bred at the Center. Three varieties of tangerine (‘Academichesky’, ‘Solnechny’, ‘Prince Vladimir’) and a variety of eastern persimmon (‘Zukhra’) are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation.