Formal Concept Research Articles

BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING: FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING ASPECT

Introduction. The implementation of building information modeling (BIM) technology is a promising direction in the development of the construction enterprise management system. It is advisable to use BIM technology also for economic purposes, which requires the study of financial and accounting features of the construction process in the conditions of digitization of management. The purpose of the article is to research the financial and accounting aspects of the use of building information modeling technology to optimize the management of construction enterprises. Results. The possibility of positioning individual construction objects (premises, floors, spatial zones) by operational centers of responsibility under the conditions of using BIM technology, which is the basis for the formation of a cluster structure of accounting and management of construction enterprises, is substantiated. The cluster is proposed to recognize a differentiated building object, which is an operational center of responsibility, which is in close relationship with various functional centers of responsibility and other clusters. The importance of positioning centers of responsibility simultaneously as centers of investments, incomes and expenses in the conditions of using BIM technologies, which involves a positive transformation of the method of processing financial and accounting information, is proven. In order to expand the functionality of the software for BIM purposes, the perspective of its improvement has been substantiated in the direction of: predicting options for forming planned estimates of construction costs with the adjustment of normative and actual costs; expansion of non-capital construction accounting methods; developing a procedure for assessing the damage caused by military actions in order to plan the need for financial resources for the restoration of destroyed or damaged buildings. In order to organize an effective information exchange between the participants of the construction process, it is necessary to ensure information synchronization between software for BIM design, accounting and management software products, electronic systems of business communications and electronic government. Conclusions. Expanding the functional and information capabilities of BIM technologies in terms of taking into account the financial and accounting aspects of construction, as well as ensuring information synchronization with current electronic services and document management systems, contributes to the formation of the newest concept of innovative smart construction.

Телевизиядағы әлеуметтік-мәдени бейнекөріністердің көрерменге психологиялық-коммуникациялық әсері

Currently, media, technology and scientific research allow us to expand and more effectively use communication channels. This, in turn, causes the formation and change of sociocultural and political concepts in everyday life. This urgent problem required the development of new approaches with an interdisciplinary approach to reconstruct universities and educational institutions. In addition, this problem has led to the emergence of research aimed at studying psychology, sociology, patterns of political behaviour and the influence of the media on the audience. In this context, individuals specializing in the relationship between media and psychology were in demand not only in educational institutions, but also in areas such as politics, architecture, commerce, design and engineering. As a result of the use of media content (both new and traditional), psychology plays an important role. For example, studying the influence of the media, from television to newspapers, from social media channels to billboards, has made it possible to understand new global trends and cultural changes In this context, the main purpose of this research article is to determine theoretical conclusions in the study of psychological aspects in media and communication; to observe the psychological impact of viewers of different ages in media communication; to expand the scope of new approaches and methods in the field of medical psychology. The scientific conclusion of the study involves examining the psychological impact of sociocultural video presentations on a person through television, identifying the positive or negative impact of socio-cultural manifestations, examining the influence of spiritual and cognitive video presentations and programmes promoting violence, and a comprehensive analysis

Peculiarities of training educators for the formation of spatial orientations of young children

The article examines the essence of the concept of "spatial orientation" and its components; features of the formation of spatial orientations in young children. The results of research on the preparation of educators for the formation of elementary mathematical concepts of early and preschool children in the educational process of a preschool education institution have been analyzed. It was noted that the modern system of preschool education needs a highly qualified teacher capable of effectively shaping the spatial orientation of young children in the educational process of a preschool education institution, taking into account the extreme importance of spatial concepts for the development of a child. The basis of the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the professional training of the future teacher for the formation of spatial ideas of early and preschool children is defined, the content of the teacher's training for the formation of spatial orientations of young children is outlined, which involves students' assimilation of the characteristics of the «space» category, knowledge of the psychophysiological characteristics of the development of young children; assimilation of psychological features of the formation of spatial orientations by young children; mastering the psychological, pedagogical and methodical tools for the formation of spatial orientations of young children in various activities.

Gender differentiation and its connection to linguistics

According to Wilhelm von Humboldt, the founder of the philosophy of language, the formation of objects and concepts in our minds, as well as everything we receive from the outside, is achieved through language. Our understanding of the world is possible through the use of culture and language. That is, if there were no language, there would be no intelligence. Because of the culture and intelligence, we acquire through language, each person exists as a reflection of the prevailing worldview. Each stage of cultural development is connected and comprehended through language. Language is not a tool for describing the known, but a tool for discovering the unknown. The true power of language lies in its constructiveness.

НЕЙРО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ И КОГНИТИВНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ МЕРЧАНДАЙЗИНГА

This article is of a review and analytical nature and is devoted to the problems of applying modern discoveries of neuroscience (neurobiology, neurophysiology, neuroeconomics) in managing customer behavior. In particular, a multipolar model of customer behavior is proposed, combining the emotional-sensory and cognitive-psychological fields of irrationally rational consumer behavior. The authors found that purchasing decisions by visitors to points of sale can be made at three levels: 1) at the emotional and sensory level, dictated by neurobiological processes and being irrational, which are taken unconsciously during the direct neuro-communication interaction of the product and the visitor in the trading halls; 2) at the level of automatic decisions based on empirical experience that are rational – consciously reflective (objective experience) or irrational - unconsciously reflective (subjective experience), while the constancy of the product’s place in the space of the trading floor is a necessary condition for the formation of experience and the manifestation of such behavior; c) at a high cognitive level based on complex cognitive-psychological processes caused by the need to think about and justify rational decisions. They are aimed at reducing the qualitative, financial or other risk that can cause cognitive dissonance, and visitors are characterized by resistance to merchandising tools used at points of sale. The obtained results make a definite contribution to the development of the theory of neuromarketing and contribute to the formation of the neuro-cognitive concept of merchandising. The main provisions of the article may be of practical importance in applied research in the development of new neuromarketing and merchandising tools.

The Features of Modeling Mediation in Digital Support for Formation of Multiplicative Concepts

The Features of Modeling Mediation in Digital Support for Formation of Multiplicative Concepts

Renal distress syndrome in surgery and uronephrology: concept, pathogenesis, basics of prevention and correction

Based on objective criteria of the structural and functional state of the kidneys in various urgent surgical and uronephrological pathologies (peritonitis, pancreonecrosis, intestinal obstruction, urinary peritonitis, acute purulent secondary pyelonephritis) to identify and prove the general pattern of development of renal changes, their influence on the pathogenesis of homeostasis disorders at the organizational level and to form the evidence base of a new symptom complex - renal distress syndrome in surgery and uronephrology; to establish the effectiveness of Remaxol in its correction. Experimentally on 60 mongrel dogs with acute peritonitis, pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction of varying severity, the state of renal function, including detoxification, was assessed based on the assessment of the inflow-outflow difference in the level of toxins and in the parenchyma of organs - the composition of lipids, the activity of peroxidation of membrane lipids and phospholipases. Clinical and laboratory studies included patients with acute peritonitis (48), acute pancreatitis (18), intestinal obstruction (21), acute purulent secondary pyelonephritis (19). Patients with peritonitis (20) underwent standardized therapy (the first subgroup) or with the inclusion of Remaxol (28) (the second subgroup). In the experiment and in the clinic, in acute surgical and some urological diseases with a different nature of the inflammatory process, there is a significant decrease in renal function. The recorded acute renal injury is combined with a pronounced membrane-stabilizing process in the tissue structures of the kidneys, the degree of which is associated with the severity of the disease. In order to correct and stabilize the indicated changes, Remaxol was used. The drug increased kidney tolerance to trigger pathogenetic agents, which improved the functional status of the kidneys. These data confirm the significance of the studied molecular mechanisms in kidney damage in urgent pathology. Experimental and clinical evidence has been obtained for the formation of a new concept - a symptom complex in acute surgical and uronephrological diseases of the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space called renal distress syndrome. Renal distress syndrome in surgery and uronephrology is a set of pathological processes of the body, the most important manifestation of which is the progression of endogenous intoxication due to a violation of the functional status of the kidneys as a result of membrane-stabilizing phenomena of organ cells due to oxidative stress and phospholipase activity.

The algorithm for articulating meanings of entrepreneurship as a social concept

The development of social sciences based on positivism led to a multiplicity of social concepts’ definitions. The study aims to operationalize a constructionist approach to the formation of concepts’ meanings in specific place and time. The study used metadata of articles on entrepreneurship from OpenAlex with the “entrepreneurship as” search syntagm. The resulting sets of authors’ operational metaphors and analogies were analyzed semantically and contextually; social cartography was used to study the distribution of meanings within discourse. The results of the study are: (1) identification and schematic modeling of social concept`s sense as an outcome of discourse consolidation process through basic metaphor detection; (2) the notion explication and schematic modeling of the concept`s meaning as an interplay of complementary tensions within discourse; (3) the construction of a generalized model of articulation and dispersion of the social concept’s meanings based on the interaction of discourse’s metaphors and its tenseness.

СОЦИАЛЬНЫЕ-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ИСТОРИКО-АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ КОНЦЕПЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ МЕНТАЛЬНОСТИ

The article analyzes the influence of socio-historical factors on the formation of concepts of the history of mentalities as a direction of historical anthropology – modern philosophy of history, their theoretical and cognitive features. The methodology of this work includes the principles of complementarity, structurality and dialogicality. The following methods were used in the study of the problem field of labor: philosophical hermeneutics, systemic-structural, interdisciplinary. The development of theoretical approaches to historical anthropology as a modern philosophy of history found its manifestation at the stage of the history of mentalities, to which the theoretical approaches formulated in the studies of J. Le Goff made a significant contribution. In their space, ontological, epistemological and axiological factors have been formed, which are important for the further dynamics of historical and anthropological concepts.

Analysis of Formal Concepts for Verification of Pests and Diseases of Crops Using Machine Learning Methods

Analysis of Formal Concepts for Verification of Pests and Diseases of Crops Using Machine Learning Methods

Инжиниринг привилегий в задаче построения ролевой политики разграничения доступа

The problem of role engineering is extended by the subproblem of permissions engineering. It is assumed that discretionary access control is specified in the information system. To build a role-based security policy, a technique based on algorithms for formal concept analysis is proposed. Based on the access matrix, a Galois lattice is constructed, the nodes of which are interpreted as possible permissions. Criteria for choosing the optimal set of permissions are determined and a heuristic algorithm for solving the problem is discussed.

A survey of LLM-augmented knowledge graph construction and application in complex product design

In the field of complex product design, deploying knowledge graphs (KGs) has become a promising trend due to its strength on exploiting and applying the large-scale, complex, and specialized domain knowledge. In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have also attracted much attention due to their outstanding performance in natural language understanding and generation. However, in the research of complex product design dominated by domain knowledge, few studies involve LLMS and KG at the same time. To fill this gap, we survey 42 articles published in the last four years, focusing on three key questions. The combination of LLM and KG in specific applications in complex product design is deeply discussed. The analysis reveals how these techniques facilitate data collection, design concept formation and design process optimization and proposes a technical framework combining LLM and KG for complex product design domain. In addition, we identify key challenges and propose directions for future research. As an explorative survey paper, this paper provides insightful ideas for implementing more specialized domain knowledge graph in complex product design field.

Venn Diagrams Tasks for Concept Formation in the Elementary School

Opportunities to use Venn diagram tasks for concept formation in elementary school are presented. The results of solving such tasks by students in 3rd and in 4th grade in the online competition "VIVA Mathematics with a computer" organized by the Institute of Mathematics and Informatics of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences were analyzed. An illustration was made with similar tasks from other subject areas, inverse tasks were discussed, the role of computer models for their compilation and the competitions for their distribution.

An Ethics of Sanctions? Attempt and Critique of the Moral Justification of Economic Sanctions

In this article, I raise the question of whether economic sanctions are morally legal. I present the jus ad bellum principles and the Doctrine of Double Effect (DDE) as the theoretical basis for analyzing the ethical foundations of this political instrument. I show that economic sanctions are an instrument of war, that can be morally legitimized through the DDE and the just war principles. Using the example of the EU-sanctions against Russia I show how proponents of the DDE justify the use of economic sanctions and what negative side effects result from their application. From a critical perspective, I want to show that this kind of moral justification is wrong. My critique is based on the assumption that the individual intention of an acting person/government can be misdirected by various external factors. As the groupthink concept illustrates, dissenting opinions are neglected in the consensus-building process. In addition, advisors, experts and employees influence the opinion of government officials to a considerable extent. This leads to the formation of specific moral concepts. This is particularly evident regarding the Russian war of aggression against Ukraine. The Russian government has created its own moral code based on historical events, individual opinions and fantasies of maintaining power. This is contrary to the moral codes of Western states. The difference in moral concepts also results in different intentions to act. These different views make it difficult to evaluate sanctioning procedures as morally good or bad. Consequently, the mere focus on intention is insufficient as an assessment standard for the moral status of an action.

The Secular State: An Epistemological Approach to The An-Na’im’s Political Thought

This article aims to reveal the political thoughts of Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im regarding the concept of a secular state. The material object of this study is An-Na'im's political thought in the form of a secular state concept which is reviewed using epistemology as its formal object. The results of this study explain that: first, the basic assumption of An-Na'im's political thought is a post-secularist worldview. Second, the paradigm is anthropocentric positivism. Third, the framework is constitutionalism, human rights, and citizenship. All these three are used by An-Na'im primarily to make sharia relevant to the context of a modern state. Viewed from an Islamic perspective, the epistemology of An-Na'im's political thought is problematic because after all, post-secularism is still rooted in the principle of separation of state and religion. Making post-secularism a basic assumption is a form of confusion in perspective. Making anthropocentric positivism a paradigm also means placing human knowledge as the main truth. Likewise, framing sharia within the framework of constitutionalism, human rights, and citizenship is a step that has the potential to ignore aspects of the maslahat contained in sharia.

The Concept of Wages in the Maqashid Sharia Overview (Study of PP No. 36 of 2021)

The objectives of this study are to: 1). Describe and analyze the concept of wages regulated by the government, 2). Discover workers/laborers response to government-regulated wages, and 3). Describe and analyze the government-regulated concepts based on the approach of the two main elements in maqashid sharia, such as hifzu an-nafs and hifzu al-māl. The author used a multidisciplinary approach to overcome the problems, namely a linguistic approach, normative juridical, and qualitative-descriptive methods to collect the data. This study was classified as library research; the data collected was analyzed using content analysis on literature that is representative and has relevance to the problem, then the comparison using comparative analysis was reviewed and concluded. After reviewing and analyzing policies in the form of established concepts, the wage provisions regulated by the government in law aim to provide a sense of justice for workers/laborers and align with the main principles in maqashid sharia. Even though Islam does not explicitly state the amount of wages in detail, it strictly requires anyone who provides work to pay wages/salaries to their workers. After reviewing the existing concepts, some problems were identified that need effort to resolve.

좋은 삶의 형식적 개념에 기초한 사회 정의론의 개요

좋은 삶의 형식적 개념에 기초한 사회 정의론의 개요

PUSHING BACK: DIGITAL RESISTANCE AS A SENSITIZING CONCEPT

This paper thus aims to contribute to media, communication, and digital technology studies by proposing a more systematic conceptualization of digital resistance. While the notion of resistance in relation to technology is often connoted negatively and associated the rejection of innovation of change, our approach to digital resistance takes here a new meaning: political and critical. Indeed, the notion of digital resistance is often used in academia and public discourse to describe practices of using, subverting, and creating technologies, usually in a progressive and anti-oppressive perspective (Russell, 2005). However, the term is still relatively undefined, and many practices could be categorized as digital resistance if the term was better defined. We propose in this paper a preliminary but formal conceptualization of digital resistance. Our theorization takes place in the context of a research project on the cartography of digital resistance. Different data collection and analysis activities will be implemented to have a wide and panoramic empirical view of the phenomenon of digital resistance. In this project, the cartographic approach takes on a dual meaning, namely a broad and systematic description of a phenomenon, and the implementation of an original digital device allowing its visualization and potentially participatory enrichment. Our preliminary empirical mapping identified six dimensions to analyze digital resistance that we will present in this paper.

Losses VS Opportunities: Principles of Lean Management in the Academic Field

Currently, the concept of lean management is increasingly becoming the focus not only of representatives of the production sector, but also of educational and scientific organizations, healthcare organizations, government and regional authorities, etc. In this article, the authors show that the implementation of lean management principles and tools in the activities of academic organizations allows you to “restart” many processes and reduce the loss of quality and productivity by several times without significant costs. The first part of the article describes the main stages of the formation of the lean management concept and the contribution of Russian scientists (A.K. Gastev, I.V. Rebelsky (the basics of lean mental labor)) to the development of both methodological and practical recommendations that currently constitute the core of the philosophy of lean manufacturing and management. The central place in the article is devoted to the features and classification of losses in relation to both the activities of the organization as a whole and the activities of scientific and pedagogical workers (along with the “classical” classification of losses developed by T. Ono and J. Liker, ten features were emphasized to identify losses in the academic field). Among the reasons that led to an increasing interest in the use of lean management technologies in the academic field, the authors highlight the following ones: strengthening management and formalization in assessing performance indicators, strengthening information asymmetry, changing the level and quality of communication of employees, updating the problem of precarization of scientific and pedagogical workers’ employment and gradual blurring of the boundaries between work and rest. In the final part of the article, a set of recommendations was formed to identify losses in the activities of scientific and pedagogical workers, and an algorithm for their elimination was proposed.

Commutativity of some Prime Nearrings using Left-Sided outer (σ, τ)-n-Derivation

In the field of mathematics, pure mathematics is very important as it gives rise to the basis for the formation of all applicable mathematical concepts in solving real-life problems. Algebra is such an integral part of pure mathematics. It consists of the Ring theory. It has been discovered that there exists some structures similar to rings with little deformity and they are called NEARRINGS. These structures do not commute mostly as they fail to satisfy distributive law. To ascertain the commutativity of nearrings, we need derivation(s). Because several papers had been presented dealing with left-nearrings, this paper aimed to consider right-nearrings which has not been done before in that respect, to the best of our knowledge. Some methods dealing with left-nearrings have been studied and modified in this work, and new derivation has been introduced to take care of right-nearrings. For Let