Formation Of Channels Research Articles

Coupled Electric‐Thermal Damage Model for Lightning Strikes on Buried Pipeline

ABSTRACTA coupled electrothermal damage theory model for pipelines is proposed to assess the failure behavior of buried pipelines under lightning strikes. This article considers local thermal nonequilibrium (LTNE) conditions in the soil–water porous medium and the nonlinear characteristics of lightning functions. The calculation results show that the proposed theoretical model has better applicability and accuracy compared with previous models. Parametric analysis shows that under lightning conditions of Im = 20 kA and T1/T2 = 1.2/50 μs, the maximum local temperature of the soil around the pipeline can reach 2160 K, leading to pipeline breakdown. Metal pipelines are shown to be more effective in conducting charges, which alters the electric field distribution in the soil and impacts the formation of plasma channels. The half‐peak value of the lightning waveform has a significant impact on pipeline breakdown, and its increase will increase the risk of pipeline breakdown gradually. When considering LTNE conditions, the change in the pipeline surface temperature becomes more pronounced. Under 8/30 and 8/40 μs lightning waveforms, the pipeline surface temperature is approximately 150 and 550 K higher, respectively, compared with the thermal equilibrium conditions. The thermal conductivity and porosity of backfill soil can also affect the thermal damage of lightning‐struck pipelines. With clay filling, the highest pipeline surface temperature can reach 2590 K, while with fine sand and coarse sand, it is 1980 and 1510 K, respectively. The pipeline lightning disaster model proposed in this article has engineering significance for the investigation of pipeline lightning failure and disaster prevention mechanisms.

Adenine nucleotide translocator and ATP synthase cooperate in mediating the mitochondrial permeability transition.

The permeability transition (PT) is a permeability increase of the mitochondrial inner membrane causing mitochondrial swelling in response to matrix Ca2+. The PT is mediated by regulated channel(s), the PT pore(s) (PTP), which can be generated by at least two components, adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) and ATP synthase. Whether these provide independent permeation pathways remains to be established. Here, we assessed the contribution of ANT to the PT based on the effects of the selective ANT inhibitors atractylate (ATR) and bongkrekate (BKA), which trigger and inhibit channel formation by ANT, respectively. BKA partially inhibited Ca2+-dependent PT and did not prevent the inducing effect of phenylarsine oxide, which was still present in mouse embryonic fibroblasts deleted for all ANT isoforms. The contribution of ANT to the PT emerged at pH 6.5 (a condition that inhibits ATP synthase channel opening) in the presence of ATR, which triggered mitochondrial swelling and elicited currents in patch-clamped mitoplasts. Unexpectedly, ANT-dependent PT at pH 6.5 could also be stimulated by benzodiazepine-423 [a selective ligand of the oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein (OSCP) subunit of ATP synthase], suggesting that the ANT channel is regulated by the peripheral stalk of ATP synthase. In keeping with docking simulations, ANT could be co-immunoprecipitated with ATP synthase subunits c and g, and oligomycin (which binds adjacent c subunits) decreased the association of ANT with subunit c. These results reveal a close cooperation between ANT and ATP synthase in the PT and open new perspectives in the study of this process. KEY POINTS: We have assessed the relative role of adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) and ATP synthase in generating the mitochondrial permeability transition (PT). At pH 7.4, bongkrekate had little effect on Ca2+-dependent PT, and did not prevent the inducing effect of phenylarsine oxide, which was still present in mouse embryonic fibroblasts deleted for all ANT isoforms. The contribution of ANT emerged at pH 6.5 (which inhibits ATP synthase channel opening) in the presence of atractylate, which triggered mitochondrial swelling and elicited currents in patch-clamped mitoplasts. Benzodiazepine-423, a selective ligand of the oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein subunit of ATP synthase, stimulated ANT-dependent PT at pH 6.5, suggesting that the ANT channel is regulated by the peripheral stalk of ATP synthase. ANT could be co-immunoprecipitated with ATP synthase subunits c and g; oligomycin, which binds adjacent c subunits, decreased the association with subunit c, in keeping with docking simulations.

Investigations of Microstructures and Properties of SPEEK‐[BMIm][OTf] Ionic Liquid Composite Membrane for Fuel Cells

AbstractUtilizing ionic liquids in proton exchange membranes can greatly enhance the performance of fuel cells, enabling their application in high‐temperature and dry conditions. Further advancements in this field depend on a fundamental comprehension of their structural characteristics. This study focuses on the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)‐1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate [BMIm][OTf] composite membrane system. Effects of sulfonation degree, ionic liquid content, and temperature on the structure and conductivity of the composite membrane are investigated by dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Results show that [BMIm][OTf] is predominantly distributed around the sulfonic acid groups of SPEEK. At an optimal sulfonation degree and ionic liquid content, interconnected ionic liquid channels can be formed. Nevertheless, an excessively high sulfonation degree may jeopardize the stability of the membrane structure. Moreover, the aggregation of ionic liquid occurs at a high level of ionic liquid content, which hinders the efficient transfer of protons. Generally, increasing the temperature is more conducive to the formation of monodisperse ionic liquid channels within the SPEEK‐[BMIm][OTf] composite membrane; however, overhigh temperature may compromise the integrity of the composite membrane structure. The findings of this study offer molecular insights for the development of high‐temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems.

Morphology remodelling and membrane channel formation in synthetic cells via reconfigurable DNA nanorafts.

The shape of biological matter is central to cell function at different length scales and determines how cellular components recognize, interact and respond to one another. However, their shapes are often transient and hard to reprogramme. Here we construct a synthetic cell model composed of signal-responsive DNA nanorafts, biogenic pores and giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs). We demonstrate that reshaping of DNA rafts at the nanoscale can be coupled to reshaping of GUVs at the microscale. The nanorafts collectively undergo reversible transitions between isotropic and short-range local order on the lipid membrane, programmably remodelling the GUV shape. Assisted by the biogenic pores, during GUV shape recovery the locally ordered DNA rafts perforate the membrane, forming sealable synthetic channels for large cargo transport. Our work outlines a versatile platform for interfacing reconfigurable DNA nanostructures with synthetic cells, expanding the potential of DNA nanotechnology in synthetic biology.

Insight Into the Film‐Forming Properties of Pea Protein Isolate Improved by Cellulose Nanocrystals From the Perspective of Water Phase Stabilization

ABSTRACTThis study is dedicated to explore the effect of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) on the film formability of pea protein isolate (PPI) and propose the regulation mechanism from the perspective of water phase stabilization. Compared with PPI film, the CNC‐PPI composite films showed the improvement in mechanical properties and barrier properties of water/air. CNC reduced the proportion of free water in the PPI film and induced its conversion to immobilized water. From the microscopic observation of the films, it could be found that 0.25%–0.75% CNC made the dispersion of PPI more uniform, and formed more compact film structure. Meanwhile, the exposure of tyrosine and tryptophan in PPI molecules and the increase in the content of β‐sheet resulted in the improvement of film‐forming properties of PPI. The enhanced stability of water phase induced by CNC restrained the formation of water channels, thus improving the structural integrity of gel network and the film‐forming properties of PPI. This work provided a theoretical reference for regulation of the film‐forming properties of PPI with CNC, which was expected to improve the product performance of PPI films and enrich the application scenarios of PPI.

Form and Function of Floodplain Secondary Channels in a Lowland Meandering River System

AbstractRelatively little is known about the geomorphological characteristics of floodplain secondary channels and the potential for floodplain flows to mobilize bed material within these channels. This study examines the geomorphological characteristics (channel form, material properties, wood jams) and bed‐material mobilization potential of secondary channels on the floodplain of a meandering river in Illinois, USA. It also compares these attributes to those of the main channel. Results show that secondary channels are at most about one‐third the size of the main channel but also vary in size over distance. Channel dimensions tend to be greatest near the proximal connection of secondary channels to the main channel, suggesting that flow from the main channel is effective in producing scour where it enters secondary channels. The beds of secondary channels consist mainly of mud in contrast to sand and gravel on the bed of the main channel, implying that secondary channels do not convey bed material from the main channel onto the floodplain. Secondary channels connected to the main channel at both ends have more abundant active wood jams than those connected only at the proximal end. Flow from the main channel enters secondary channels at sub‐bankfull stages, but maximum mobilization of cohesive bed material in secondary channels only occurs during flows that exceed the average bankfull stage in the main channel. Overall, secondary channels are active conduits of flow, sediment, and large wood on floodplains and can contribute to floodplain sediment fluxes through entrainment of bed material.

Dynamic regulation of ion transport through a bis(1,3-propanediol)-based channel via allosteric azobenzene photoswitching.

The transportation of ions across cell membranes is vital in biological functions and is frequently controlled by external triggers like light, ligands, and voltage. Synthetic ion transport systems, particularly those featuring gating mechanisms, have attracted considerable interest. In this research, we engineered self-assembled barrel rosette ion channels using a photoresponsive azobenzene integrated at an allosteric site. Morphological studies verified more effective self-assembly of the trans form in contrast to the cis form. The restricted self-assembly of the cis form can be ascribed to the nonplanar structure of cis azobenzene moieties, which inhibits favorable π-π stacking interactions. The ion transport studies demonstrated the formation of ion channels by the trans form with anion antiport as the primary transport mechanism. In contrast, the cis form exhibited lower efficiency. Based on these observations, dynamically gated ion transport was achieved by employing two sets of electromagnetic radiation at 365 nm and 450 nm, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulation studies demonstrated that the channel formed by assembling trans monomers exhibited greater stability when compared to the channel formed by cis monomers. Additionally, the trans channel was found to recognize and transport chloride effectively.

Loosened hydrophobic microphase to facilitate ion channel formation in anion exchange membrane for fuel cell applications

Loosened hydrophobic microphase to facilitate ion channel formation in anion exchange membrane for fuel cell applications

Differential effects of endo- and exopolyphosphatase expression on the induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.

Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a polymer that consists of a series of orthophosphates connected by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds, like those found in ATP. In mammalian mitochondria, polyP has been linked to the activation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). However, the details of this process are not completely understood. The activation of mPTP by polyP may involve the regulation of bioenergetics, Ca2+ buffering, or direct involvement in mPTP channel formation. In this study, using refractive index imaging techniques, we examined mPTP induction in both wild-type (WT) SH-SY5Y cells, and mutant SH-SY5Y cells expressing either mitochondrially targeted exopolyphosphatase (MitoPPX), which depletes polyP by breaking free terminal phosphoanhydride bonds; or endopolyphosphatase (MitoPPN), which cleaves internal phosphoanhydride bonds and thus can target polyP pool with protected terminal groups. Upon treating the cells with the calcium ionophore ferutinin, the influx of Ca2+ triggered mitochondrial membrane depolarization and permeabilization in both WT and MitoPPX cells indicating activation of mPTP. However, in MitoPPN cells, mitochondrial depolarization occurred without mPTP activation. Based on these findings we propose the possibility that activation of mPTP is not linked to the pool of free polyP. This supports the hypothesis that polyP is either an important structural component of the mPTP channel or associated with other macromolecular complexes involved in mPTP induction.

FACIES ANALYSIS AND SEDIMENTATION MECHANISM OF VOLCANICLASTICS OF CIKARANG MEMBER OF JAMPANG FORMATION IN WEST JAVA

The Cikarang Member of Jampang Formation is one of basin fills of the Bogor Basin that is characterized by gravity flow deposits. The variations of lithologies with an abundance of volcaniclastics are found in the Tonjong River in Bojongkalong Village and indicate differences in facies and sedimentation mechanisms. We measured stratigraphy of the rock units supported by petrographic analysis and paleontological analysis. The rock units consist of 11 lithofacies: graded gravel (g1G), massive gravel (m1G), massive gravelly sand (mGyS), plane-stratified laminated sand-mud couplets (slSM), massive gravel-sand couplets (mGS), plane-stratified laminated to graded mud-sand couplets (slgMS), massive sand (mS), plane-stratified gravel-sand couplets (sGS), plane-stratified laminated muddy interval sand-mud couplets (sleSM), plane-stratified laminated muddy interval mud-sand couplets (sleMS), and slump and slide deposits gravel (sdG). The depositional environment of the Cikarang Member is inner-middle fan with changes in depositional sub-environment variations in the form of channels, sandy lobes, silty-sandy distal lobes, and proximal levees with constant paleobathymetry in the lower-middle bathymetry. The volcaniclastics of the Cikarang Member of Jampang Formation is deposited in a turbid mechanism due to a turbulent current with various cohesive debris flows (mudflows) and turbidity currents scattered in each facies association.

Karren of Provence (France), Gréolières, Caussols, Tourrettes-sur-Loup and Luberon

The rock relief of karst forms, either of surface forms or of caves which are forming on different carbonate rocks and under different conditions, is one of the most telling traces of their formation, along with the characteristic factors and development. Therefore, we meticulously studied and examined the geological features and rock formations, as well as how they fit into the rocky relief. The diverse shaping of the karst surface is revealed by the rock relief of selected karren on different carbonate rocks, fine-grained homogeneous and compact limestones, as well as porous fine-grained sandstones. We have also newly explained the formation of parallel channels on the inclined surfaces of denuded rock (Gréolières); the gradual reshaping of the rock surface from a subsoil one to one directly exposed to rain and water creeping along the gently sloping rock (Caussols). Furthermore, the unique shaping of carbonate sandstones, specifically such with large channels (Tourrettes-sur-Loup) is presented for the first time. The speed of karstification of younger carbonate rocks is revealed by channels on the walls of the palace in Avignon.

Molecular Dynamics Simulation on the Conformational Change of a pH-Switchable Lipid.

pH-sensitive lipids are important components of lipid nanoparticles, which enable the targeted delivery and controlled release of drugs. Understanding the mechanism of pH-triggered drug release at the molecular level is important for the rational design of ionizable lipids. Based on a recently reported pH-switchable lipid, named SL2, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were employed to explore the microscopic mechanism behind the membrane destabilization induced by the conformational change of pH-switchable lipids. The simulated results showed that, at neutral pH, the neutral SL2 lipids assembled with other components (helper lipids and cholesterol) to form a structurally ordered bilayer structure. At this moment, the two hydrocarbon chains of SL2 were closely aligned and inserted in an orderly manner inside of the membrane. With a decrease in pH, the protonation of the pyridinium ring caused a large degree of molecular structural change. The pyridinium ring preferred to form intramolecular H-bonds with the methoxy groups and intermolecular H-bonds with water, resulting in the flip of the pyridinium ring. Meanwhile, due to the structural flip, the two alkane chains showed a more open state, which perturbed the arrangement of molecules within the membrane. The perturbations caused local collapse of the membrane and the formation of water molecule channels, which contributed to the pH-induced drug release. Our results verified the experimentally proposed mechanism at the molecular level and provided more complementary information, which are expected to have deeper insights into the pH-triggered drug release.

Localized Conduction Channels in Memristors.

Since the early 2000s, the impending end of Moore's scaling, as the physical limits to shrinking transistors have been approached, has fueled interest in improving the functionality and efficiency of integrated circuits by employing memristors or two-terminal resistive switches. Formation (or avoidance) of localized conducting channels in many memristors, often called "filaments", has been established as the basis for their operation. While we understand some qualitative aspects of the physical and thermodynamic origins of conduction localization, there are not yet quantitative models that allow us to predict when they will form or how large they will be. Here we compile observations and explanations of channel formation that have appeared in the literature since the 1930s, show how many of these seemingly unrelated pieces fit together, and outline what is needed to complete the puzzle. This understanding will be a necessary predictive component for the design and fabrication of post-Moore's-era electronics.

Apoptosis-Inducing Activity of a 2-Hydroxyphenyl Benzamide-Based Self-Assembled Anion Channel.

Despite the significant interest in designing artificial ion channels, there is limited availability of channel-forming molecules to tackle complex issues, especially in biological systems. Moreover, a major challenge is the scarcity of chloride transporters that can selectively induce toxicity in cancer cells while minimizing harm to normal healthy cells. This work reports a series of 2-hydroxyphenyl benzamide-based small molecules 1 a-1 c, which self-assemble to form barrel rosette-type artificial ion channels that adequately transport chloride ions across membranes. The formation of these ion channels primarily relies on intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions, as supported by the analysis of single-crystal X-ray diffraction and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Importantly, chloride ion transport by these compounds specifically triggers apoptosis in cancer cells while demonstrating relatively low toxicity toward non-cancerous cell lines.

A PDA@ZIF-8-Incorporated PMIA TFN-FO Membrane for Seawater Desalination: Improving Water Flux and Anti-Fouling Performance.

Forward osmosis (FO) technology, known for its minimal energy requirements, excellent resistance to fouling, and significant commercial potential, shows enormous promise in the development of sustainable technologies, especially with regard to seawater desalination and wastewater. In this study, we improved the performance of the FO membrane in terms of its mechanical strength and hydrophilic properties. Generally, the water flux (Jw) of polyisophenylbenzamide (PMIA) thin-film composite (TFC)-FO membranes is still inadequate for industrial applications. Here, hydrophilic polydopamine (PDA)@ zeolitic imidazolate frameworks-8 (ZIF-8) nanomaterials and their integration into PMIA membranes using the interfacial polymerization (IP) method were investigated. The impact of PDA@ZIF-8 on membrane performance in both pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) and forward osmosis (FO) modes was analyzed. The durability and fouling resistance of these membranes were evaluated over the long term. When the amount of ZIF-8@PDA incorporated in the membrane reached 0.05 wt% in the aqueous phase in the IP reaction, the Jw values for the PRO mode and FO mode were 12.09 LMH and 11.10 LMH, respectively. The reverse salt flux (Js)/Jw values for both modes decreased from 0.75 and 0.80 to 0.33 and 0.35, respectively. At the same time, the PRO and FO modes' properties were stable in a 15 h test. The incorporation of PDA@ZIF-8 facilitated the formation of water channels within the nanoparticle pores. Furthermore, the Js/Jw ratio decreased significantly, and the FO membranes containing PDA@ZIF-8 exhibited high flux recovery rates and superior resistance to membrane fouling. Therefore, PDA@ZIF-8-modified FO membranes have the potential for use in industrial applications in seawater desalination.

Mechanical-Stimuli-Driven Pseudo-Conductive Channels Along Dielectric Heterojunction Interfaces for Mechanoelectric Energy Conversion and Transmission.

Mechanoelectric energy conversion holds promise for energy conversion and transmission devices, yet conventional configurations rely on large-area conductive materials in active regions, limiting architectural design for cutting-edge devices. Here, a rational strategy is reported to create mechanical stimuli-driven pseudo-conductive (MSPC) channels entirely from dielectric materials, eliminating the need for electrodes in active regions. An in-depth investigation of MSPC channel formation mechanism at dielectric interfaces is conducted, employing energy band analyses. Following the mechanical stimuli-driven charging process, MSPC device effectively transmits electrical signals over 42mm, achieving remarkable 512% enhancement compared to its pristine state. Control devices with non-continuous dielectric configurations highlight the impact of heterojunction interfaces on MSPC channels. A resistor-capacitor charging test reveals up to 49% reduction in voltage change rate, indicating a substantial decrease in electrical impedance along the MSPC channel. Furthermore, MSPC devices demonstrate information transmission capabilities, such as sequences of bits or letters, utilizing solely dielectric configurations. This study paves the way to reduce conductive materials of wearable electronics, biomedical implants, and IoT technologies, overcoming significant challenges such as potential electrical shortages, design inflexibility, limited manufacturing scalability, and maintenance issues.

Summary of the results of field and laboratory studies of hydraulic resistance during channel bending

The reliability of channel forecasts, performed using mathematical modeling methods in the design of engineering activities on shipping rivers, largely depends on the accuracy of the assessment of hydraulic resistance and sediment transport parameters. Therefore, the hydraulic resistance of natural channels is one of the largest problems in the dynamics of channel flows and is the object of close attention of scientists. In the resistance of natural channels, roughness appears in three forms: the first of them is the roughness of the granular surface of the bottom; the second is the roughness created by boulders and the third type is the roughness of microforms: ripples and ridges. Channel mesoforms also contribute to the resistance to water movement: spits, side streams, middle streams, islands, bends of the channel and such complex formations as riffles. This type of resistance is usually called the resistance of the channel form. The resistance of the natural channel shape due to the movement and deformation of mesoforms can change significantly over time. The complexity and insufficient study of this issue significantly limit the possibilities of a theoretical approach to its solution. Therefore, the obtained results are mainly empirical or semiempirical in nature. The paper presents the results of experimental and field studies that allowed us to identify the main features of flow movement in winding sections of rivers. One of the features of flow movement at channel turns is the possibility of additional energy losses. The total resistance of a curved section of a channel is made up of three main parts: the resistance of the granular surface of the bottom, the resistance of the bottom ridges, and the resistance of the channel shape. The additional resistance created by the bend depends on the curvature of the channel, the rate of change in depth along the length of the bend, and also reflects the impact of side streams formed near the convex bank on the flow.

A novel OL-mapping operator-based edge detection approach

Accurate edge detection is of great significance to image processing. However, the traditional methods, which use differential operations or prior experience to determine the value of the operator, cannot meet the high demand for accuracy in the field of image processing. Deep-learning based detection algorithms restrict its flexible usability due to the high demand of computational resources (storage space, processor) for its large number of parameters. To date, neither traditional nor emerging techniques cannot achieve SOTA performance on detection tasks. Therefore, to address the need for both precision and resources, this paper proposes an edge detection operator (HQ operator) based on the relationship between the original image and label mapping, which enhances the edge detection effect while drastically reducing the computational complexity. Unlike previous edge extraction operators, HQ operator utilizes a combination of labels and original images for edge detection, and does not use iterative training, but through subgraph generation classification (SGC) method and subgraph feature fusion operation (SFFO) to obtain the edge detection operator at once. Compared to the traditional edge detection operator, HQ operator can accurately extract feature information of the edge of target region. And compared to deep learning, the number of parameters of the HQ operator is greatly reduced and the calculation time of parameters is reduced. In addition, the HQ operator obtained on one dataset can be ported to other datasets with good edge extraction results. The edge images processed by the HQ operator can be spliced with the original image in the form of channels, and the image after splicing is fed into the image segmentation network to improve the performance of the segmentation network. to improve the performance of the segmentation network. The experimental results show that by using the HQ operator, the image edge detection effect is significantly improved (PA:96.49%), and the performance of the segmentation network is also improved to a certain extent when this operator is combined with the segmentation network(Dice:89.97%, IoU:81.97%).

Failure characteristics of tunnels neighbouring karst fissures: Insights from laboratory observations and machine learning-interpreted simulations

This study primarily investigates the mechanical responses and failure mechanisms of tunnels adjacent to karst fissures through detailed laboratory model experiments, supplemented by machine learning-interpreted simulations. Utilizing a novel tunnel-karst fissure model test system, we meticulously analysed stress and displacement evolution within the surrounding rock during tunnel excavation, elucidating unevenness and complexity of the rock displacement-stress field induced by the fissure’s low stiffness. The experimental findings delineate the critical phases of rock instability, showcasing how hydraulic pressures interact with karst features to induce failure. Key experimental results indicate a mechanism for the formation of water inrush channels, which are crucial for understanding tunnel vulnerability near karst fissures. Complementing the physical experiments, a deep residual network (ResNet), interpreted using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), was employed to quantify the impacts of fissure positions, lateral pressure coefficients, and hydraulic pressures on the critical safety distances of fissures, according to simulation results. This integrated approach enhances the precision of risk assessments and supports the development of targeted mitigation strategies in karst-affected tunnelling projects, thereby improving the safety and sustainability of underground constructions.

Silicon-based light-emitting transistor with Ge(Si) nanoislands embedded in a photonic crystal: Control of the spectrum and spatial distribution of the emission

Light-emitting transistors (LETs) represent the next step in the development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), offering additional control over emission. In this work, the transport properties and spatial distribution of electroluminescence (EL) in the spectral range of 1.2–1.7 μm were studied for lateral p+-i-n+ LEDs based on silicon-on-insulator structures with self-assembled Ge(Si) islands embedded in photonic crystals. It is shown that due to the low mobility of holes and their effective trapping in the islands, the maximum EL yield is observed at the i/p+ junction of the LED. It is demonstrated that the sign and magnitude of the bias voltage applied to the substrate (to the gate) have a significant influence on the transport and emission properties of the LEDs with Ge(Si) islands, turning them into LETs. In particular, applying a negative gate voltage shifts the position of the maximum emission region from the i/p+ to the i/n+ junction of the LET, which is related to the formation of a hole conductivity channel near the buried oxide layer. The embedding of a specially designed photonic crystal in the i-region of the LET makes it possible to manage the spectral properties of the near-IR emission by changing the sign of the gate voltage. The results obtained may be useful for the future development of optoelectronic devices.